Quelle w1-uart.c
Sprache: C
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
* w1 - uart - UART 1 - Wire bus driver
*
* Uses the UART interface ( via Serial Device Bus ) to create the 1 - Wire
* timing patterns . Implements the following 1 - Wire master interface :
*
* - reset_bus : requests baud - rate 9600
*
* - touch_bit : requests baud - rate 115200
*
* Author : Christoph Winklhofer < cj . winklhofer @ gmail . com >
*/
#include <linux/completion.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/jiffies.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/of.h>
#include <linux/serdev.h>
#include <linux/w1.h>
/* UART packet contains start and stop bit */
#define W1_UART_BITS_PER_PACKET (BITS_PER_BYTE + 2 )
/* Timeout to wait for completion of serdev-receive */
#define W1_UART_TIMEOUT msecs_to_jiffies(500 )
/**
* struct w1_uart_config - configuration for 1 - Wire operation
* @ baudrate : baud - rate returned from serdev
* @ delay_us : delay to complete a 1 - Wire cycle ( in us )
* @ tx_byte : byte to generate 1 - Wire timing pattern
*/
struct w1_uart_config {
unsigned int baudrate;
unsigned int delay_us;
u8 tx_byte;
};
/**
* struct w1_uart_device - 1 - Wire UART device structure
* @ serdev : serial device
* @ bus : w1 - bus master
* @ cfg_reset : config for 1 - Wire reset
* @ cfg_touch_0 : config for 1 - Wire write - 0 cycle
* @ cfg_touch_1 : config for 1 - Wire write - 1 and read cycle
* @ rx_byte_received : completion for serdev receive
* @ rx_mutex : mutex to protect rx_err and rx_byte
* @ rx_err : indicates an error in serdev - receive
* @ rx_byte : result byte from serdev - receive
*/
struct w1_uart_device {
struct serdev_device *serdev;
struct w1_bus_master bus;
struct w1_uart_config cfg_reset;
struct w1_uart_config cfg_touch_0;
struct w1_uart_config cfg_touch_1;
struct completion rx_byte_received;
/*
* protect rx_err and rx_byte from concurrent access in
* w1 - callbacks and serdev - receive .
*/
struct mutex rx_mutex;
int rx_err;
u8 rx_byte;
};
/**
* struct w1_uart_limits - limits for 1 - Wire operations
* @ baudrate : Requested baud - rate to create 1 - Wire timing pattern
* @ bit_min_us : minimum time for a bit ( in us )
* @ bit_max_us : maximum time for a bit ( in us )
* @ sample_us : timespan to sample 1 - Wire response
* @ cycle_us : duration of the 1 - Wire cycle
*/
struct w1_uart_limits {
unsigned int baudrate;
unsigned int bit_min_us;
unsigned int bit_max_us;
unsigned int sample_us;
unsigned int cycle_us;
};
static inline unsigned int baud_to_bit_ns(unsigned int baud)
{
return NSEC_PER_SEC / baud;
}
static inline unsigned int to_ns(unsigned int us)
{
return us * NSEC_PER_USEC;
}
/*
* Set baud - rate , delay and tx - byte to create a 1 - Wire pulse and adapt
* the tx - byte according to the actual baud - rate .
*
* Reject when :
* - time for a bit outside min / max range
* - a 1 - Wire response is not detectable for sent byte
*/
static int w1_uart_set_config(struct serdev_device *serdev,
const struct w1_uart_limits *limits,
struct w1_uart_config *w1cfg)
{
unsigned int packet_ns;
unsigned int bits_low;
unsigned int bit_ns;
unsigned int low_ns;
w1cfg->baudrate = serdev_device_set_baudrate(serdev, limits->baudrate);
if (w1cfg->baudrate == 0 )
return -EINVAL;
/* Compute in nanoseconds for accuracy */
bit_ns = baud_to_bit_ns(w1cfg->baudrate);
bits_low = to_ns(limits->bit_min_us) / bit_ns;
/* start bit is always low */
low_ns = bit_ns * (bits_low + 1 );
if (low_ns < to_ns(limits->bit_min_us))
return -EINVAL;
if (low_ns > to_ns(limits->bit_max_us))
return -EINVAL;
/* 1-Wire response detectable for sent byte */
if (limits->sample_us > 0 &&
bit_ns * BITS_PER_BYTE < low_ns + to_ns(limits->sample_us))
return -EINVAL;
/* delay: 1-Wire cycle takes longer than the UART packet */
packet_ns = bit_ns * W1_UART_BITS_PER_PACKET;
w1cfg->delay_us = 0 ;
if (to_ns(limits->cycle_us) > packet_ns)
w1cfg->delay_us =
(to_ns(limits->cycle_us) - packet_ns) / NSEC_PER_USEC;
/* byte to create 1-Wire pulse */
w1cfg->tx_byte = 0 xff << bits_low;
return 0 ;
}
/*
* Configuration for reset and presence detect
* - bit_min_us is 480 us , add margin and use 485 us
* - limits for sample time 60 us - 75 us , use 65 us
*/
static int w1_uart_set_config_reset(struct w1_uart_device *w1dev)
{
struct serdev_device *serdev = w1dev->serdev;
struct device_node *np = serdev->dev.of_node;
struct w1_uart_limits limits = { .baudrate = 9600 ,
.bit_min_us = 485 ,
.bit_max_us = 640 ,
.sample_us = 65 ,
.cycle_us = 960 };
of_property_read_u32(np, "reset-bps" , &limits.baudrate);
return w1_uart_set_config(serdev, &limits, &w1dev->cfg_reset);
}
/*
* Configuration for write - 0 cycle ( touch bit 0 )
* - bit_min_us is 60 us , add margin and use 65 us
* - no sampling required , sample_us = 0
*/
static int w1_uart_set_config_touch_0(struct w1_uart_device *w1dev)
{
struct serdev_device *serdev = w1dev->serdev;
struct device_node *np = serdev->dev.of_node;
struct w1_uart_limits limits = { .baudrate = 115200 ,
.bit_min_us = 65 ,
.bit_max_us = 120 ,
.sample_us = 0 ,
.cycle_us = 70 };
of_property_read_u32(np, "write-0-bps" , &limits.baudrate);
return w1_uart_set_config(serdev, &limits, &w1dev->cfg_touch_0);
}
/*
* Configuration for write - 1 and read cycle ( touch bit 1 )
* - bit_min_us is 5 us , add margin and use 6 us
* - limits for sample time 5 us - 15 us , use 15 us
*/
static int w1_uart_set_config_touch_1(struct w1_uart_device *w1dev)
{
struct serdev_device *serdev = w1dev->serdev;
struct device_node *np = serdev->dev.of_node;
struct w1_uart_limits limits = { .baudrate = 115200 ,
.bit_min_us = 6 ,
.bit_max_us = 15 ,
.sample_us = 15 ,
.cycle_us = 70 };
of_property_read_u32(np, "write-1-bps" , &limits.baudrate);
return w1_uart_set_config(serdev, &limits, &w1dev->cfg_touch_1);
}
/*
* Configure and open the serial device
*/
static int w1_uart_serdev_open(struct w1_uart_device *w1dev)
{
struct serdev_device *serdev = w1dev->serdev;
struct device *dev = &serdev->dev;
int ret;
ret = devm_serdev_device_open(dev, serdev);
if (ret < 0 )
return ret;
ret = serdev_device_set_parity(serdev, SERDEV_PARITY_NONE);
if (ret < 0 ) {
dev_err(dev, "set parity failed\n" );
return ret;
}
ret = w1_uart_set_config_reset(w1dev);
if (ret < 0 ) {
dev_err(dev, "config for reset failed\n" );
return ret;
}
ret = w1_uart_set_config_touch_0(w1dev);
if (ret < 0 ) {
dev_err(dev, "config for touch-0 failed\n" );
return ret;
}
ret = w1_uart_set_config_touch_1(w1dev);
if (ret < 0 ) {
dev_err(dev, "config for touch-1 failed\n" );
return ret;
}
serdev_device_set_flow_control(serdev, false );
return 0 ;
}
/*
* Send one byte ( tx_byte ) and read one byte ( rx_byte ) via serdev .
*/
static int w1_uart_serdev_tx_rx(struct w1_uart_device *w1dev,
const struct w1_uart_config *w1cfg, u8 *rx_byte)
{
struct serdev_device *serdev = w1dev->serdev;
int ret;
serdev_device_write_flush(serdev);
serdev_device_set_baudrate(serdev, w1cfg->baudrate);
/* write and immediately read one byte */
reinit_completion(&w1dev->rx_byte_received);
ret = serdev_device_write_buf(serdev, &w1cfg->tx_byte, 1 );
if (ret != 1 )
return -EIO;
ret = wait_for_completion_interruptible_timeout(
&w1dev->rx_byte_received, W1_UART_TIMEOUT);
if (ret <= 0 )
return -EIO;
/* locking could fail when serdev is unexpectedly receiving. */
if (!mutex_trylock(&w1dev->rx_mutex))
return -EIO;
ret = w1dev->rx_err;
if (ret == 0 )
*rx_byte = w1dev->rx_byte;
mutex_unlock(&w1dev->rx_mutex);
if (w1cfg->delay_us > 0 )
fsleep(w1cfg->delay_us);
return ret;
}
static size_t w1_uart_serdev_receive_buf(struct serdev_device *serdev,
const u8 *buf, size_t count)
{
struct w1_uart_device *w1dev = serdev_device_get_drvdata(serdev);
mutex_lock(&w1dev->rx_mutex);
/* sent a single byte and receive one single byte */
if (count == 1 ) {
w1dev->rx_byte = buf[0 ];
w1dev->rx_err = 0 ;
} else {
w1dev->rx_err = -EIO;
}
mutex_unlock(&w1dev->rx_mutex);
complete(&w1dev->rx_byte_received);
return count;
}
static const struct serdev_device_ops w1_uart_serdev_ops = {
.receive_buf = w1_uart_serdev_receive_buf,
.write_wakeup = serdev_device_write_wakeup,
};
/*
* 1 - wire reset and presence detect : A present slave will manipulate
* the received byte by pulling the 1 - Wire low .
*/
static u8 w1_uart_reset_bus(void *data)
{
struct w1_uart_device *w1dev = data;
const struct w1_uart_config *w1cfg = &w1dev->cfg_reset;
int ret;
u8 val;
ret = w1_uart_serdev_tx_rx(w1dev, w1cfg, &val);
if (ret < 0 )
return -1 ;
/* Device present (0) or no device (1) */
return val != w1cfg->tx_byte ? 0 : 1 ;
}
/*
* 1 - Wire read and write cycle : Only the read - 0 manipulates the
* received byte , all others left the line untouched .
*/
static u8 w1_uart_touch_bit(void *data, u8 bit)
{
struct w1_uart_device *w1dev = data;
const struct w1_uart_config *w1cfg = bit ? &w1dev->cfg_touch_1 :
&w1dev->cfg_touch_0;
int ret;
u8 val;
ret = w1_uart_serdev_tx_rx(w1dev, w1cfg, &val);
/* return inactive bus state on error */
if (ret < 0 )
return 1 ;
return val == w1cfg->tx_byte ? 1 : 0 ;
}
static int w1_uart_probe(struct serdev_device *serdev)
{
struct device *dev = &serdev->dev;
struct w1_uart_device *w1dev;
int ret;
w1dev = devm_kzalloc(dev, sizeof (*w1dev), GFP_KERNEL);
if (!w1dev)
return -ENOMEM;
w1dev->bus.data = w1dev;
w1dev->bus.reset_bus = w1_uart_reset_bus;
w1dev->bus.touch_bit = w1_uart_touch_bit;
w1dev->serdev = serdev;
init_completion(&w1dev->rx_byte_received);
mutex_init(&w1dev->rx_mutex);
serdev_device_set_drvdata(serdev, w1dev);
serdev_device_set_client_ops(serdev, &w1_uart_serdev_ops);
ret = w1_uart_serdev_open(w1dev);
if (ret < 0 )
return ret;
return w1_add_master_device(&w1dev->bus);
}
static void w1_uart_remove(struct serdev_device *serdev)
{
struct w1_uart_device *w1dev = serdev_device_get_drvdata(serdev);
/*
* Waits until w1 - uart callbacks are finished , serdev is closed
* and its device data released automatically by devres ( waits
* until serdev - receive is finished ) .
*/
w1_remove_master_device(&w1dev->bus);
}
static const struct of_device_id w1_uart_of_match[] = {
{ .compatible = "w1-uart" },
{},
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, w1_uart_of_match);
static struct serdev_device_driver w1_uart_driver = {
.driver = {
.name = "w1-uart" ,
.of_match_table = w1_uart_of_match,
},
.probe = w1_uart_probe,
.remove = w1_uart_remove,
};
module_serdev_device_driver(w1_uart_driver);
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("UART w1 bus driver" );
MODULE_AUTHOR("Christoph Winklhofer <cj.winklhofer@gmail.com>" );
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL" );
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=95 H=100 G=97
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.16 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-09-29)
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland
2026-10-10
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