<p>where <span class="SimpleMath">\(i = 1, \ldots, n - 1\)</span> and has size equal to the <span class="SimpleMath">\(n\)</span>th Catalan number.</p>
<<pIf< classf/> is a transformation of <codeclass c> is=""endomorphism/i )codein="code"></ode thatcodeclass">i^f, j ^ f) is in P.>
<div class="func"><table class<span=<br /><span class="nocss"> </>a=chap7_mjhtmlX79D33B2E7BA3073A>.- </a<spanjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
<lt degree >
341/></iv
<Ifcode=""f</code> isa transformation of <codeclass1..n<code, itisan class"/ < =""P/>on< class=code>1. n>i )/ode <code classcode><code implies < class>i ,j^)/> incode="code"P</ode<>
<p><code class="code">EndomorphismsPartition</code> returns a monoid with a minimal size generating set, as described in <a href="chapBib_mj.html#biBAraujo2015aa">[ABMS15]</a>.</p>
<div class="
<pan="GAPprompt">><span class="GAPinput> :=[,3 ];spanjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 108 out of bounds for length 108
java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 114 out of bounds for length 62
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> < =" "&;nbsp.<Returnsmonoid>
31pre>
<java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 1 out of bounds for length 0
<p>Returns: A transformation monoid.</p>
<p>If <var class="Arg">n</var> is a positive integer, then this function returns a semigroup of transformations on << class> class ="0><func<code =Arg><>td"">n;operation;)/><tr><<pan=ContSS >span"nocss>&;/an>=html#7DualSymmetricInverseSemigroup<
<div class="func"><table class>7.1-5 span="Heading"Semigroups<panh5
<div class class=functableclassfunc=10"
>n</ar )/td>< class"">( operation;)</td><tr/table></div
>:The of .<pjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 64 out of bounds for length 64
<p>If <var class="Arg">n</var> is a integer greater than 1, then this function returns the semigroup of non-invertible transformations, which is generated by the <code class="code"><var class="iv class=">table=""width0"<>
tdleft ="&82;PartialOrderEndomorphisms/> var =A">n<var )tdtd="tdright">( operation )</td></tr></tableStandardPBR semigroups<span/>
<div class class> classcodeOrderEndomorphismsvar">)>
<spanclassdd>> class""OrderEndomorphisms<varar"rg"/var>)/dereturns the of that the order <span class=SimpleMath\\1 ,\, n\\<span where classArg/> a positive. code="code"OrderEndomorphisms classArg<varcode generated thespan="SimpleMath">(\{n + 1\)/pantransformations/>
<regular transformation semigroup ideal of degree 4 with
<spanclass"GAPprompt">gap>/span <span class="GAPinput"Size)<span
22</re/>
</dd>
<dt><strong class="Mark"><code class="code">OrderAntiEndomorphisms(<var class="Arg">n</var>)</code></strong></dt>
<><<odeclassjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 4 out of bounds for length 4
</dd>
<dt><strong class="Mark"><code class="code"[IdentityTransformation
(c"rg>nturns amonoid of on >< =">/> + 1/ode> that isi to the consisting of all partial that preserve usual order on \\{1 2, ldots \\
</dd class;regulartransformationmonoid ofdegree 5 generators;
<dtstrong=Mark<code="code"PartialOrderAntiEndomorphisms ="Arg class="br/span="ocss">bsp;nbsp/pan>a href"chap7_mj.X8411EBD97A220921">7.8-2 MonogenicSemigroup</a></span>
<><p><odeclass="code">PartialAntiOrderEndomorphisms(<arclass="rg">n</>/code returnsamonoidof java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 4 out of bounds for length 4
<java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 5 out of bounds for length 5
<
<div class>7.16 EndomorphismMonoid/h5 span="">ap;/pan span=""S: (5)<>
<regular transformation monoid of degree 5 with 5 generators> spanclass>>>< class(S);</span
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Size(S) = Binomial(2 * 5 - 1, 5 - 1);</span>
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span of < class"">digraphvaris homomorphism <codeclass="func">igraphHomomorphism</code> (<a href=httpsgap-packages.io/io/doc.html#X85E9B019877AD7FE">Digraphs DigraphHomomorphism/span>/a>) from digraph/var> back toitself.
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">SingularOrderEndomorphisms
&t;egular semigroupideal degree 1 with 1 generator;
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span
<regularul>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap&<li<pA list positive integersof size number ofvertices of <var="Arg">digraph/var, wherevarclass="Arg">colorsvar< classcode>i]</code>is colourof < =code><code./>
<span java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
;regular &
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">V := PartialOrderAntiEndomorphisms(6);</span>
<regular transformation monoid of degree 7 with 13 generators>
<span
true</pre></div>
<div class="func"><table class="<transformation monoid of degree 3 with 3 generators>
< class=""><tableclass=func="0%>tr>
>code"unc>#827 EndomorphismMonoid/code>( digraph var class=Arg>
tdright&;operation)/>/>tablediv
<p>Returns: A span="">><spanspan="GAPinput">(gr;/span>
<p>An endomorphism class="">>/> s class""S:=gr1 ,2];<span
<p><code classcodeEndomorphismMonoidcode> called a single, returns monoid allendomorphisms <varclassArgdigraphvar>.</p>
<p>If java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [0, 9) out of bounds for length 4
<ul>
<li><p>A list of positive integers of size the number of vertices of <var class="java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 83 out of bounds for length 0
</li>
<li><p>A list of lists, such that <var class="Arg">colors</var><code class="code">[i]</code> is a list of all vertices with colour <code class="code">i</code>.</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>See also <code class="func">GeneratorsOfEndomorphismMonoid</code> (<a href<>Returns:The semigroup a semilattice.</p>
<div class="example"><pre>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">gr := Digraph(List([1 .. 3], x -> [1 .. 3]));;</span>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">EndomorphismMonoid(gr);</span>
<transformation monoid of degree 3 with 3 generators>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">gr := CompleteDigraph(3);;<>If <arclassArg></>isa < class></> the semigroup of partial permutations of isomorphisms of principal ideals of <var class="Arg">S</var>; called the <em>Munn semigroup</em> of <var class="Arg">S</var>.</p>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
lt; of 6 3withgenerators;
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class<span classGAPprompt>><span< class"GAPinput> =InverseSemigroup([/spanjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 92 out of bounds for length 92
<span classltpartial semigroup rank0 with2gt
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gapspan="GAPprompt"gap;</spanspan="GAPinput"> =MunnSemigroupT)<span>
2
<span class class"GAPprompt"g&;/> span"GAPinput"NrIdempotentsM);/span
<span class60
<span class="GAPprompt">gap>spanclassGAPpromptgapgt<span<span class">);span>
true</pre></div>
<pIn section we describetheoperationsin < class="pkg"></trong thatcanbe tocreatesemigroups of partialpermutationsto several classesexample Seehref=/./.docref/hap54_mj.">RefLinkReference permutations/ moreinformationpartial<pjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 383 out of bounds for length 383
<p>If <var class="Arg">S</var> is a semilattice, then <code class="code">MunnSemigroup</code> returns the inverse semigroup of partial permutations of isomorphisms of principal ideals of <vardivclass"func"><able class="func" ="10%">trtd classtdleft><ode=""&82;PODIcode(<class"> tdclass=tdright">  <td</r><table><>
<p>This function was written jointly by J. D. Mitchell, Yann Péresse (St Andrews), Yanhui Wang (York).</p>
<divclass="example"><pre>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <<>: An inversemonoidof partialpermutations related to order/p>
<java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
<span class="GAPprompt">></span> <span class="GAPinput">PartialPerm([1, 2, 7, 9], [5, 6, 4, 3])]);</span>
<inverse partial perm semigroup of rank 10 with 2 generators>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class
<span class="GAPprompt">gap&\(
<inverse partial perm semigroup of rank 60 with 7 generators\beginarray{ccccc}
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">NrIdempotents(M);</span>
60
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">NrIdempotents(S);</span>
60</pre></div>
<div class="func"><tableendarray\) qquad
<p>Returns: An inverse monoid of java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [13, 9) out of bounds for length 14
<div=func class" width"0%>tr classtdleft< classfuncW </> var=><var</td< classtdright(nbspoperation&;)</d>/tr>table>div>
<div class="func"><table class="func" width="100%"><tr><td class="tdleft"><code class="func">‣ PODI</code>( <var class="Arg">n</var> )</td><td class="tdright">( operation )</td></tr></table&2∓\cdots;n-1∓\java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 34 out of bounds for length 34
<
< class>table=""="0%>tdclass=tdleft>(nbsp;operation
/tr>/table>
<p>Returns: An inverse monoid of partial><trong=""><code="">PORI<var="rg"><>)<code><strong/dtjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 95 out of bounds for length 95
<dl>
<dt><strong class="Mark"><code class="code">POI(<var class="Arg">n</var>)</code></strong></dt>
<dd><p><code class="code">POI(<var class="Arg">n</var>)</code> returns the inverse monoid of partial permutations that preserve the usual order on <span class="SimpleMath">\(\{1, 2, \ldots, n\}\)</span>, where <var class="Arg">n</var> is a positive integer. <code class="code">POI(<var class="Arg">n</var>)</code> is generated by the <span class="SimpleMath">\(\textit{n}\)</span> partial permutations:</p>
<p>here <span class="SimpleMath">\i = , ldots, n -1\)</>, and has < class=">({n\choose n}span>> elements.>
</dd>
<dt><strong class="Mark"><code class="code">PODI(<var class="Arg">n</var>)</code></strong></dt> dd<class>ODI<ar=Arg">n) returns the inverse monoid of partial permutations preserve or reverse the usual order onon SimpleMath">(\{, , \ldots,n\}\), where n is a positive integer. PODI(n) is generated by the generators of POI(n), along with the permutation that reverses the)
</dd>
<dttrue>/>
<dd><p><code class="code">POPI(<var class="Arg">n</var>)</code> returns the inverse monoid of partial permutations that preserve the orientation of <span class="SimpleMath">\(\{1,2,\ldots, n\}\)</span>, where <span class="SimpleMath">\(n\)</span> is a positive integer. <code class="code">POPI(<var class="Arg">n</var>)</code> is generated by the partial permutations:</p>
<p>In this section, we describe the operations in <strong class="pkg">Semigroups</strong> that can be used to create bipartition semigroups belonging to several standard classes of java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [0, 188) out of bounds for length 0
<p><code class="code">SingularPartitionMonoid</code> returns the ideal of the partition monoid consisting of the non-invertible elements (i.e. those not in <regularbipartition- ofdegree with 3 generators;
<p>If <var class="Arg">n</var> is positive, then <code class="code">RookPartitionMonoid</code> returns submonoid of the
>codeclassfunc>#27 </code(< class=""<java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [145, 144) out of bounds for length 219
< class""><tableclass=func ="10%">tr>td class"dleft>func">&827 SingularBrauerMonoid( n/r>
<p>Returns: A bipartition monoid.</p>
<p>If <var class="Arg">n</var> is a non-negative integer, then this operation returns the Brauer < class=func< ="width="10"<"< class=func>#27 SingularJonesMonoid var class"Arg/> <tdtd=tdright&;nbsp/d>trtable<div
<>code=codePartialBrauerMonoid>returns partialBrauer,whichis the ofthe monoid bipartitions the ofeveryblock <>at</em .The Brauer Brauer as submonoid.p>
<p><
<div class="example"><pre>
<span class= class"
&;regular *-onoid degree with3generators&;
<span class=
rue
<span class="GAPprompt">gap<regular bipartition *-semigroupideal degree 8with 1generator><p></>
105
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></"X8458B0F7874484CE">/a>/pjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [62, 63) out of bounds for length 62
<regular bipartition *-semigroup
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span<iv class=">< class=func"width="00%"><tr"">< class"&82;PartialJonesMonoid> < class"><)/<td"(nbspoperation&;>/>
<regular bipartition *-monoid of degree 3 with 8 generators>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">IsSubsemigroup(S, BrauerMonoid(3));</span>
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="<>Returns A bipartition monoid.>
76</pre></div>
<div class="func"><table class="func" width="100%"><trp>If classArg</> anon-negative integer,then class"PartialJonesMonoid><var <>partialJones</>is of partialBrauer . An of partial monoid containedin thepartial monoid the that defines finerthan the defined some of Jones.In wordsan ofthe Jones can formed some < =""x/>ofthe code class=code>a,b<code <codeclass"ode"x/>byblocks class"[] b]/./java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 729 out of bounds for length 729
<div class="func"><table class="func" width="100%"><tr><td class="tdleft"><code class="func">‣ SingularJonesMonoid</code>( <var class="Arg">n</var> )</td><td class="tdrightjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
p:bipartition.</>
<>f < class"">n</ar is a non-negative , thenoperationreturns Jonesmonoidof <var=""><var.TheemJonesmonoidem>is subsemigroupthemonoidof are; codeclassfuncPlanarPartitionMonoid(a =.#"< =">.-<span/>.The is to class"button>Temperley-Lieb monoid>.>
<p><code class="code">SingularJonesMonoid</code> returns the ideal &;regularbipartition -monoid degree 3generators>
< ="">pre
<span="&t;< ">: (4;span
<regular
< class>ap;</panspan=" TemperleyLiebMonoid()/java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 96 out of bounds for length 96
<span class="java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 15 out of bounds for length 3
<regular bipartition *-semigroup ideal of degree 8
<p><a id="java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [0, 27) out of bounds for length 0
<h5>7.3-4 PartialJonesMonoidp>: Abipartition.<p
<divclass"func>table ="func width=100%"
td class=tdleft>func </code> <varclass"">n</ar )</d<d class="tdright">(&;operationnbsp/d>/r<table<divjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 226 out of bounds for length 226
<>Returns:A ipartition.</p>
<> <var="">n<varis a non-negative, then< ="code>artialJonesMonoid/>returnsthe partial Jones degree< ="Arg">n<> em>artial Jonesmonoid>is ofthepartialBrauer monoid.Anelementofthe partialBrauer is ontained thepartialJones monoid if the partition itdefinesis defined bysome monoid ,anelementofthe canbeformedfrom some codeclass""x/>of the Jonesmonoidbyreplacing someblocks< =code>[a, b] of code class=code"<code> by < =code>a],[b<code./>
<p>Note that, in general, the partial Jones monoid<p>eturnsA monoid/p>
<java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
<div class="example"><pre>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap
<< class""<>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap> class="APprompt">gap;/pan<pan =GAPinputS =MotzkinMonoid4;/>
*monoid ofdegree with >
<spanclass=GAPprompt>ap>/pan<pan=GAPinput> : PartialJonesMonoid);</pan
<regular bipartition<regular bipartition-onoid of 4 with 7 generators>
<spanclass="GAPprompt"gapgt;</pan spanclass=GAPinput>sSubsemigroup )<span
true
< class=">&;/> <spanclass=GAPinput"IsSubsemigroup(,T)
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span="">&;<s>< ="">()<span>
323
<span class="< name"X83C7587C81B985BA>/>/java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 62 out of bounds for length 62
3
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span<divclass""><ableclassfuncwidth10"d class=dleft">code class="func>#827 (varclass="">td class=">&;operation;<td/r<table/iv
1/>/>
<div class
<>ReturnsA .pjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 37 out of bounds for length 37
<If< =Arg/var> is non-negative integerthen returns Motzkin degree =""nvar > /> theBrauerofbipartitionsare planararein< "hap3_mj.X7C18DB427C9C0917"< =RefLink>s/./java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 393 out of bounds for length 393
<div class="
<div class="func"><table class="func" width="100%"><tr><td class="tdleft"><code class="func">‣ DualSymmetricInverseMonoid</code>( <var class="Arg">n</var> )</td><td class="tdright">( operation )</td></tr></table></div>
<class<table=func width=0%><tr< =tdleft><odeclass""̻SingularDualSymmetricInverseMonoid> <var="rg"n/>)<td< ""(nbspoperation;<td<tr<tabledivjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 242 out of bounds for length 242
< class"> class"func width"00">tr>< class="dleft"><codeclass="func">827PartialDualSymmetricInverseMonoid/> <varclass=>n<var><td><tdclass="tdright">(&;operationnbsp;<t>/><><div>
<p>ReturnsAn inversebipartitionmonoid.<p>
<p>If <var class="Arg">n</var> is a positive integer, then the operations <code class="code">DualSymmetricInverseSemigroup</code> and <code class="code">DualSymmetricInverseMonoid</code> return the dual symmetric inverse monoid of degree <var class="Arg">n</var>, which is the subsemigroup of the partition monoid consisting of the block bijections of degree <var class="Arg">n</var>.</p>
<p><code class="code">SingularDualSymmetricInverseMonoid</code> returns the ideal of the dual symmetric inverse monoidjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
<p><code class="code">PartialDualSymmetricInverseMonoid</code> returns the submonoid of the dual symmetric inverse monoid of degree <code class="code"><var class="Arg">n</var> + 1</code> consisting of those block bijections with <code class="code"><var class="Arg">n</var> + 1</code> and <code class="code">-<var class="Arg">n</var> - 1</code> in the same block; see <a href="chapBib_mj.html#biBKudryavtseva2011aa">[KM11]</a> and <a href="chapBib_mj.html#biBKudryavtseva2015aa">[KMU15]</a>.</p>
<p>If <var class="Arg">n</var> is a positive integer, then this operation returns the uniform block bijection monoid of degree <var class="Arg">n</<panclass"APprompt">gtspanspan=> SymmetricInverseMonoid(5);<span
<p><odeclass"ode>SingularPlanarUniformBlockBijectionMonoid"n/ar least ./p>
<p><code class="code">PartialUniformBlockBijectionMonoid</code> returns the submonoid of the uniform block bijection monoid of degree <code class="code"><var class="Arg">n</var> + 1</code> consisting of those uniform block bijection with <code class="code"><var class="Arg">n</var> + 1</code> and <code class="code">-<var class="Arg">n</var> - 1</code> in the same block.</p>
<See<ode="func">IsUniformBlockBijectioncode> (< href="chap3_mjhtml#"><panclassRefLink>.-7/><a)<pjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 145 out of bounds for length 145
< classexample<re
<span class="
< class=""< =func"&82;SingularPlanarPartitionMonoid>(var=Arg><var)/d> classtdright(nbsp <td<tr<table<divjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 237 out of bounds for length 237
&; block monoid degree 3 generatorsgt
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Size(PlanarUniformBlockBijectionMonoid(8));</span>
128
<span class="GAPprompt">gap
<inverse bijection monoid degree 3 >
<span class
false
<span class="GAPprompt">gapdivclass="example"<pre>
& blockwith;
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span&;regular monoid degree 5generatorsgt;
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <spanspan=GAPprompt">&;span> ="GAPinput:()</>
<SymmetricInverseMonoid5))<span
<inverse bipartition monoid of degree 5 with span="">apgt;/span> <spanclass="GAPinput">ize<span
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class<span class="GAPprompt">gap><spanspanclassGAPinputDifference(java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [75, 74) out of bounds for length 86
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap>java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
lt bijection of 6 with >
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">NrIdempotents(S);</span>
203
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span><div class=""><table ="" width="100"<>< classtdleft<odeclass=func&82;SingularModularPartitionMonoidcode> <ar=""m<var,<arclass"Arg"><var <td<td="tdright> operationnbsp;)
<div class="func"><table class
<div class="func"><table class="func" width="100%"><tr><td class="tdleft"><code class="func">‣ SingularPlanarPartitionMonoid</code>( <var class="Arg">n</var> )</td><td class="tdright">( operation )</td></tr></table></div>
<p>Returns: A bipartition monoid.</p>
<p>If <var class="Arg">n</var> is a positive integer, then this operation returns the planar partition monoid of degree <var class="Arg">n</var> which is the monoid consisting of all the planar bipartitions of degree <var class="Arg">n</var> (planar bipartitions are defined in Chapter <a href="chap3_mj.html#X7C18DB427C9C0917"><span class="RefLink">3</span></a>).</p>
<p><code class="code">SingularPlanarPartitionMonoid</code> returns the ideal of the planar partition monoid consisting of the non-invertible elements (i.e. those not in the group of units).</p>
var class="><var/d> classtdright(;operationnbsp/d<tr/></>
<div class="func"><iv =C"java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 25 out of bounds for length 25
<div class="func"><table class="func" width="100%"><tr><td class="tdleft"><code class="func">‣ SingularPlanarModularPartitionMonoid</code>( <var class="Arg">m</var>, <var class="Arg">n</var> )</td<span class="ContSS"><br /><span class="nocss"> </span><a href="chap7_mj.html#X7B1CD5FC7E034B88">7.9-3 IsFreeBand</a></span>
<p>Returns: A bipartition monoid.</p>
--> --------------------
--> maximum size reached
--> --------------------
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