This is the documentation for the <tt>libcubeb</tt> C API. <tt>libcubeb</tt> is a callback-based audio API library allowing the authoring of portable multiplatform audio playback and recording.
@section example Example code
This example shows how to create a duplex stream that pipes the microphone to the speakers, with minimal latency and the proper sample-rate for the platform.
/** Miscellaneous stream preferences. */ typedefenum {
CUBEB_STREAM_PREF_NONE = 0x00, /**< No stream preferences are requested. */
CUBEB_STREAM_PREF_LOOPBACK =
0x01, /**< Request a loopback stream. Should be specified on the input params and an output device to loopback from should
be passed in place of an input device. */
CUBEB_STREAM_PREF_DISABLE_DEVICE_SWITCHING = 0x02, /**< Disable switching default device on OS
changes. */
CUBEB_STREAM_PREF_VOICE =
0x04, /**< This stream is going to transport voice data. Depending on the backend and platform, this can change the audio input or output devices selected, as well as the quality of the stream, for example to accomodate bluetooth SCO modes on
bluetooth devices. */
CUBEB_STREAM_PREF_RAW =
0x08, /**< Windows only. Bypass all signal processing
except for always on APO, driver and hardware. */
CUBEB_STREAM_PREF_PERSIST = 0x10, /**< Request that the volume and mute settings should persist across restarts of the stream and/or application. This is
obsolete and ignored by all backends. */
CUBEB_STREAM_PREF_JACK_NO_AUTO_CONNECT = 0x20 /**< Don't automatically try to connect ports. Only affects
the jack backend. */
} cubeb_stream_prefs;
/** Stream format initialization parameters. */ typedefstruct {
cubeb_sample_format format; /**< Requested sample format. One of
#cubeb_sample_format. */
uint32_t rate; /**< Requested sample rate. Valid range is [1000, 384000]. */
uint32_t channels; /**< Requested channel count. Valid range is [1, 8]. */
cubeb_channel_layout
layout; /**< Requested channel layout. This must be consistent with the
provided channels. CUBEB_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED if unknown */
cubeb_stream_prefs prefs; /**< Requested preferences. */
} cubeb_stream_params;
/** Audio device description */ typedefstruct { char * output_name; /**< The name of the output device */ char * input_name; /**< The name of the input device */
} cubeb_device;
/** Stream states signaled via state_callback. */ typedefenum {
CUBEB_STATE_STARTED, /**< Stream started. */
CUBEB_STATE_STOPPED, /**< Stream stopped. */
CUBEB_STATE_DRAINED, /**< Stream drained. */
CUBEB_STATE_ERROR /**< Stream disabled due to error. */
} cubeb_state;
/** Result code enumeration. */ enum {
CUBEB_OK = 0, /**< Success. */
CUBEB_ERROR = -1, /**< Unclassified error. */
CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_FORMAT =
-2, /**< Unsupported #cubeb_stream_params requested. */
CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER = -3, /**< Invalid parameter specified. */
CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED =
-4, /**< Optional function not implemented in current backend. */
CUBEB_ERROR_DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE =
-5 /**< Device specified by #cubeb_devid not available. */
};
/** * Whether a particular device is an input device (e.g. a microphone), or an
* output device (e.g. headphones). */ typedefenum {
CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_UNKNOWN,
CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT,
CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT
} cubeb_device_type;
/** * The state of a device.
*/ typedefenum {
CUBEB_DEVICE_STATE_DISABLED, /**< The device has been disabled at the system
level. */
CUBEB_DEVICE_STATE_UNPLUGGED, /**< The device is enabled, but nothing is
plugged into it. */
CUBEB_DEVICE_STATE_ENABLED /**< The device is enabled. */
} cubeb_device_state;
/** * Architecture specific sample type.
*/ typedefenum {
CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16LE = 0x0010, /**< 16-bit integers, Little Endian. */
CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16BE = 0x0020, /**< 16-bit integers, Big Endian. */
CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32LE = 0x1000, /**< 32-bit floating point, Little Endian. */
CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32BE = 0x2000 /**< 32-bit floating point, Big Endian. */
} cubeb_device_fmt;
#ifdefined(WORDS_BIGENDIAN) || defined(__BIG_ENDIAN__) /** 16-bit integers, native endianess, when on a Big Endian environment. */ #define CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16NE CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16BE /** 32-bit floating points, native endianess, when on a Big Endian environment.
*/ #define CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32NE CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32BE #else /** 16-bit integers, native endianess, when on a Little Endian environment. */ #define CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16NE CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16LE /** 32-bit floating points, native endianess, when on a Little Endian
* environment. */ #define CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32NE CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32LE #endif /** All the 16-bit integers types. */ #define CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16_MASK \
(CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16LE | CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16BE) /** All the 32-bit floating points types. */ #define CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32_MASK \
(CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32LE | CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32BE) /** All the device formats types. */ #define CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_ALL \
(CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_S16_MASK | CUBEB_DEVICE_FMT_F32_MASK)
/** Channel type for a `cubeb_stream`. Depending on the backend and platform * used, this can control inter-stream interruption, ducking, and volume * control.
*/ typedefenum {
CUBEB_DEVICE_PREF_NONE = 0x00,
CUBEB_DEVICE_PREF_MULTIMEDIA = 0x01,
CUBEB_DEVICE_PREF_VOICE = 0x02,
CUBEB_DEVICE_PREF_NOTIFICATION = 0x04,
CUBEB_DEVICE_PREF_ALL = 0x0F
} cubeb_device_pref;
/** This structure holds the characteristics * of an input or output audio device. It is obtained using * `cubeb_enumerate_devices`, which returns these structures via * `cubeb_device_collection` and must be destroyed via
* `cubeb_device_collection_destroy`. */ typedefstruct {
cubeb_devid devid; /**< Device identifier handle. */ charconst *
device_id; /**< Device identifier which might be presented in a UI. */ charconst * friendly_name; /**< Friendly device name which might be presented
in a UI. */ charconst * group_id; /**< Two devices have the same group identifier if they belong to the same physical device; for example a
headset and microphone. */ charconst * vendor_name; /**< Optional vendor name, may be NULL. */
cubeb_device_type type; /**< Type of device (Input/Output). */
cubeb_device_state state; /**< State of device disabled/enabled/unplugged. */
cubeb_device_pref preferred; /**< Preferred device. */
cubeb_device_fmt format; /**< Sample format supported. */
cubeb_device_fmt
default_format; /**< The default sample format for this device. */
uint32_t max_channels; /**< Channels. */
uint32_t default_rate; /**< Default/Preferred sample rate. */
uint32_t max_rate; /**< Maximum sample rate supported. */
uint32_t min_rate; /**< Minimum sample rate supported. */
uint32_t latency_lo; /**< Lowest possible latency in frames. */
uint32_t latency_hi; /**< Higest possible latency in frames. */
} cubeb_device_info;
/** Device collection. * Returned by `cubeb_enumerate_devices` and destroyed by
* `cubeb_device_collection_destroy`. */ typedefstruct {
cubeb_device_info * device; /**< Array of pointers to device info. */
size_t count; /**< Device count in collection. */
} cubeb_device_collection;
/** User supplied data callback. - Calling other cubeb functions from this callback is unsafe. - The code in the callback should be non-blocking. - Returning less than the number of frames this callback asks for or provides puts the stream in drain mode. This callback will not be called again, and the state callback will be called with CUBEB_STATE_DRAINED when all the frames have been output. @param stream The stream for which this callback fired. @param user_ptr The pointer passed to cubeb_stream_init. @param input_buffer A pointer containing the input data, or nullptr if this is an output-only stream. @param output_buffer A pointer to a buffer to be filled with audio samples, or nullptr if this is an input-only stream. @param nframes The number of frames of the two buffer. @retval If the stream has output, this is the number of frames written to the output buffer. In this case, if this number is less than nframes then the stream will start to drain. If the stream is input only, then returning nframes indicates data has been read. In this case, a value less than nframes will result in the stream being stopped. @retval CUBEB_ERROR on error, in which case the data callback will stop
and the stream will enter a shutdown state. */ typedeflong (*cubeb_data_callback)(cubeb_stream * stream, void * user_ptr, voidconst * input_buffer, void * output_buffer, long nframes);
/** User supplied state callback. @param stream The stream for this this callback fired. @param user_ptr The pointer passed to cubeb_stream_init.
@param state The new state of the stream. */ typedefvoid (*cubeb_state_callback)(cubeb_stream * stream, void * user_ptr,
cubeb_state state);
/** * User supplied callback called when the underlying device changed.
* @param user_ptr The pointer passed to cubeb_stream_init. */ typedefvoid (*cubeb_device_changed_callback)(void * user_ptr);
/** * User supplied callback called when the underlying device collection changed. * @param context A pointer to the cubeb context. * @param user_ptr The pointer passed to
* cubeb_register_device_collection_changed. */ typedefvoid (*cubeb_device_collection_changed_callback)(cubeb * context, void * user_ptr);
/** User supplied callback called when a message needs logging. */ typedefvoid (*cubeb_log_callback)(charconst * fmt, ...);
/** Initialize an application context. This will perform any library or application scoped initialization.
Note: On Windows platforms, COM must be initialized in MTA mode on any thread that will call the cubeb API.
@param context A out param where an opaque pointer to the application context will be returned. @param context_name A name for the context. Depending on the platform this can appear in different locations. @param backend_name The name of the cubeb backend user desires to select. Accepted values self-documented in cubeb.c: init_oneshot If NULL, a default ordering is used for backend choice. A valid choice overrides all other possible backends, so long as the backend was included at compile time. @retval CUBEB_OK in case of success. @retval CUBEB_ERROR in case of error, for example because the host
has no audio hardware. */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_init(cubeb ** context, charconst * context_name, charconst * backend_name);
/** Get a read-only string identifying this context's current backend. @param context A pointer to the cubeb context.
@retval Read-only string identifying current backend. */
CUBEB_EXPORT charconst *
cubeb_get_backend_id(cubeb * context);
/** Get the maximum possible number of channels. @param context A pointer to the cubeb context. @param max_channels The maximum number of channels. @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER @retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED
@retval CUBEB_ERROR */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_get_max_channel_count(cubeb * context, uint32_t * max_channels);
/** Get the minimal latency value, in frames, that is guaranteed to work when creating a stream for the specified sample rate. This is platform, hardware and backend dependent. @param context A pointer to the cubeb context. @param params On some backends, the minimum achievable latency depends on the characteristics of the stream. @param latency_frames The latency value, in frames, to pass to cubeb_stream_init. @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_get_min_latency(cubeb * context, cubeb_stream_params * params,
uint32_t * latency_frames);
/** Get the preferred sample rate for this backend: this is hardware and platform dependent, and can avoid resampling, and/or trigger fastpaths. @param context A pointer to the cubeb context. @param rate The samplerate (in Hz) the current configuration prefers. @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_get_preferred_sample_rate(cubeb * context, uint32_t * rate);
/** Get the supported input processing features for this backend. See cubeb_stream_set_input_processing for how to set them for a particular input stream. @param context A pointer to the cubeb context. @param params Out parameter for the input processing params supported by this backend. @retval CUBEB_OK
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_get_supported_input_processing_params(
cubeb * context, cubeb_input_processing_params * params);
/** Destroy an application context. This must be called after all stream have * been destroyed.
@param context A pointer to the cubeb context.*/
CUBEB_EXPORT void
cubeb_destroy(cubeb * context);
/** Initialize a stream associated with the supplied application context. @param context A pointer to the cubeb context. @param stream An out parameter to be filled with the an opaque pointer to a cubeb stream. @param stream_name A name for this stream. @param input_device Device for the input side of the stream. If NULL the default input device is used. Passing a valid cubeb_devid means the stream only ever uses that device. Passing a NULL cubeb_devid allows the stream to follow that device type's OS default. @param input_stream_params Parameters for the input side of the stream, or NULL if this stream is output only. @param output_device Device for the output side of the stream. If NULL the default output device is used. Passing a valid cubeb_devid means the stream only ever uses that device. Passing a NULL cubeb_devid allows the stream to follow that device type's OS default. @param output_stream_params Parameters for the output side of the stream, or NULL if this stream is input only. When input and output stream parameters are supplied, their rate has to be the same. @param latency_frames Stream latency in frames. Valid range is [1, 96000]. @param data_callback Will be called to preroll data before playback is started by cubeb_stream_start. @param state_callback A pointer to a state callback. @param user_ptr A pointer that will be passed to the callbacks. This pointer must outlive the life time of the stream. @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_FORMAT
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_DEVICE_UNAVAILABLE */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_init(cubeb * context, cubeb_stream ** stream, charconst * stream_name, cubeb_devid input_device,
cubeb_stream_params * input_stream_params,
cubeb_devid output_device,
cubeb_stream_params * output_stream_params,
uint32_t latency_frames, cubeb_data_callback data_callback,
cubeb_state_callback state_callback, void * user_ptr);
/** Destroy a stream. `cubeb_stream_stop` MUST be called before destroying a stream.
@param stream The stream to destroy. */
CUBEB_EXPORT void
cubeb_stream_destroy(cubeb_stream * stream);
/** Get the current stream playback position. @param stream @param position Playback position in frames. @retval CUBEB_OK
@retval CUBEB_ERROR */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_get_position(cubeb_stream * stream, uint64_t * position);
/** Get the latency for this stream, in frames. This is the number of frames between the time cubeb acquires the data in the callback and the listener can hear the sound. @param stream @param latency Current approximate stream latency in frames. @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED
@retval CUBEB_ERROR */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_get_latency(cubeb_stream * stream, uint32_t * latency);
/** Get the input latency for this stream, in frames. This is the number of frames between the time the audio input devices records the data, and they are available in the data callback. This returns CUBEB_ERROR when the stream is output-only. @param stream @param latency Current approximate stream latency in frames. @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED
@retval CUBEB_ERROR */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_get_input_latency(cubeb_stream * stream, uint32_t * latency); /** Set the volume for a stream. @param stream the stream for which to adjust the volume. @param volume a float between 0.0 (muted) and 1.0 (maximum volume) @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER volume is outside [0.0, 1.0] or stream is an invalid pointer
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_set_volume(cubeb_stream * stream, float volume);
/** Change a stream's name. @param stream the stream for which to set the name. @param stream_name the new name for the stream @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if any pointer is invalid
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_set_name(cubeb_stream * stream, charconst * stream_name);
/** Get the current output device for this stream. @param stm the stream for which to query the current output device @param device a pointer in which the current output device will be stored. @retval CUBEB_OK in case of success @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if either stm, device or count are invalid pointers
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_get_current_device(cubeb_stream * stm,
cubeb_device ** const device);
/** Set input mute state for this stream. Some platforms notify the user when an application is accessing audio input. When all inputs are muted they can prove to the user that the application is not actively capturing any input. @param stream the stream for which to set input mute state @param muted whether the input should mute or not @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if this stream does not have an input device
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_set_input_mute(cubeb_stream * stream, int mute);
/** Set what input processing features to enable for this stream. @param stream the stream for which to set input processing features. @param params what input processing features to use @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR if params could not be applied @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if a given param is not supported by this backend, or if this stream does not have an input device
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_set_input_processing_params(cubeb_stream * stream,
cubeb_input_processing_params params);
/** Destroy a cubeb_device structure. @param stream the stream passed in cubeb_stream_get_current_device @param devices the devices to destroy @retval CUBEB_OK in case of success @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if devices is an invalid pointer
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_device_destroy(cubeb_stream * stream, cubeb_device * devices);
/** Set a callback to be notified when the output device changes. @param stream the stream for which to set the callback. @param device_changed_callback a function called whenever the device has changed. Passing NULL allow to unregister a function @retval CUBEB_OK @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if either stream or device_changed_callback are invalid pointers.
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_stream_register_device_changed_callback(
cubeb_stream * stream,
cubeb_device_changed_callback device_changed_callback);
/** Return the user data pointer registered with the stream with cubeb_stream_init. @param stream the stream for which to retrieve user data pointer.
@retval user data pointer */
CUBEB_EXPORT void *
cubeb_stream_user_ptr(cubeb_stream * stream);
/** Returns enumerated devices. @param context @param devtype device type to include @param collection output collection. Must be destroyed with cubeb_device_collection_destroy @retval CUBEB_OK in case of success @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if collection is an invalid pointer
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_enumerate_devices(cubeb * context, cubeb_device_type devtype,
cubeb_device_collection * collection);
/** Destroy a cubeb_device_collection, and its `cubeb_device_info`. @param context @param collection collection to destroy @retval CUBEB_OK
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if collection is an invalid pointer */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_device_collection_destroy(cubeb * context,
cubeb_device_collection * collection);
/** Registers a callback which is called when the system detects a new device or a device is removed. @param context @param devtype device type to include. Different callbacks and user pointers can be registered for each devtype. The hybrid devtype `CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_INPUT | CUBEB_DEVICE_TYPE_OUTPUT` is also valid and will register the provided callback and user pointer in both sides. @param callback a function called whenever the system device list changes. Passing NULL allow to unregister a function. You have to unregister first before you register a new callback. @param user_ptr pointer to user specified data which will be present in subsequent callbacks.
@retval CUBEB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_register_device_collection_changed(
cubeb * context, cubeb_device_type devtype,
cubeb_device_collection_changed_callback callback, void * user_ptr);
/** Set a callback to be called with a message. @param log_level CUBEB_LOG_VERBOSE, CUBEB_LOG_NORMAL. @param log_callback A function called with a message when there is something to log. Pass NULL to unregister. @retval CUBEB_OK in case of success. @retval CUBEB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER if either context or log_callback are invalid pointers, or if level is not
in cubeb_log_level. */
CUBEB_EXPORT int
cubeb_set_log_callback(cubeb_log_level log_level,
cubeb_log_callback log_callback);
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