// Copyright (c) the JPEG XL Project Authors. All rights reserved. // // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style // license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
// Reads bits previously written to memory by BitWriter. Uses unaligned 8-byte // little-endian loads. class BitReader { public: static constexpr size_t kMaxBitsPerCall = 56;
// Constructs an invalid BitReader, to be overwritten before usage.
BitReader()
: buf_(0),
bits_in_buf_(0),
next_byte_{nullptr},
end_minus_8_{nullptr},
first_byte_(nullptr) {}
BitReader(const BitReader&) = delete;
// bytes need not be aligned nor padded! template <class ArrayLike> explicit BitReader(const ArrayLike& bytes)
: buf_(0),
bits_in_buf_(0),
next_byte_(bytes.data()), // Assumes first_byte_ >= 8.
end_minus_8_(bytes.data() - 8 + bytes.size()),
first_byte_(bytes.data()) {
Refill();
}
~BitReader() { // Close() must be called before destroying an initialized bit reader. // Invalid bit readers will have a nullptr in first_byte_.
JXL_DASSERT(close_called_ || !first_byte_);
}
// Move operator needs to invalidate the other BitReader such that it is // irrelevant if we call Close() on it or not.
BitReader& operator=(BitReader&& other) noexcept { // Ensure the current instance was already closed, before we overwrite it // with other.
JXL_DASSERT(close_called_ || !first_byte_);
// For time-critical reads, refills can be shared by multiple reads. // Based on variant 4 (plus bounds-checking), see // fgiesen.wordpress.com/2018/02/20/reading-bits-in-far-too-many-ways-part-2/
JXL_INLINE void Refill() { if (JXL_UNLIKELY(next_byte_ > end_minus_8_)) {
BoundsCheckedRefill();
} else { // It's safe to load 64 bits; insert valid (possibly nonzero) bits above // bits_in_buf_. The shift requires bits_in_buf_ < 64.
buf_ |= LoadLE64(next_byte_) << bits_in_buf_;
// Advance by bytes fully absorbed into the buffer.
next_byte_ += (63 - bits_in_buf_) >> 3;
// We absorbed a multiple of 8 bits, so the lower 3 bits of bits_in_buf_ // must remain unchanged, otherwise the next refill's shifted bits will // not align with buf_. Set the three upper bits so the result >= 56.
bits_in_buf_ |= 56;
JXL_DASSERT(56 <= bits_in_buf_ && bits_in_buf_ < 64);
}
}
// Returns the bits that would be returned by Read without calling Advance(). // It is legal to PEEK at more bits than present in the bitstream (required // by Huffman), and those bits will be zero. template <size_t N>
JXL_INLINE uint64_t PeekFixedBits() const {
static_assert(N <= kMaxBitsPerCall, "Reading too many bits in one call.");
JXL_DASSERT(!close_called_); return buf_ & ((1ULL << N) - 1);
}
// Slightly faster but requires BMI2. It is infeasible to make the many // callers reside between begin/end_target, especially because only the // callers in dec_ans are time-critical. Therefore only enabled if the // entire binary is compiled for (and thus requires) BMI2. #ifdefined(__BMI2__) && defined(__x86_64__) return _bzhi_u64(buf_, nbits); #else const uint64_t mask = (1ULL << nbits) - 1; return buf_ & mask; #endif
}
// Removes bits from the buffer. Need not match the previous Peek size, but // the buffer must contain at least num_bits (this prevents consuming more // than the total number of bits).
JXL_INLINE void Consume(size_t num_bits) {
JXL_DASSERT(!close_called_);
JXL_DASSERT(bits_in_buf_ >= num_bits); if (JXL_CRASH_ON_ERROR) { // When JXL_CRASH_ON_ERROR is defined, it is a fatal error to read more // bits than available in the stream. A non-zero overread_bytes_ implies // that next_byte_ is already at the end of the stream, so we don't need // to check that.
JXL_DASSERT(bits_in_buf_ >= num_bits + overread_bytes_ * kBitsPerByte);
}
bits_in_buf_ -= num_bits;
buf_ >>= num_bits;
}
// Equivalent to calling ReadFixedBits(1) `skip` times, but much faster. // `skip` is typically large. void SkipBits(size_t skip) {
JXL_DASSERT(!close_called_); // Buffer is large enough - don't zero buf_ below. if (JXL_UNLIKELY(skip <= bits_in_buf_)) {
Consume(skip); return;
}
// First deduct what we can satisfy from the buffer
skip -= bits_in_buf_;
bits_in_buf_ = 0; // Not enough to call Advance - that may leave some bits in the buffer // which were previously ABOVE bits_in_buf.
buf_ = 0;
// Skip whole bytes const size_t whole_bytes = skip / kBitsPerByte;
skip %= kBitsPerByte; if (JXL_UNLIKELY(whole_bytes > static_cast<size_t>(end_minus_8_ + 8 - next_byte_))) { // This is already an overflow condition (skipping past the end of the bit // stream). However if we increase next_byte_ too much we risk overflowing // that value and potentially making it valid again (next_byte_ < end). // This will set next_byte_ to the end of the stream and still consume // some bits in overread_bytes_, however the TotalBitsConsumed() will be // incorrect (still larger than the TotalBytes()).
next_byte_ = end_minus_8_ + 8;
skip += kBitsPerByte;
} else {
next_byte_ += whole_bytes;
}
Status JumpToByteBoundary() { const size_t remainder = TotalBitsConsumed() % kBitsPerByte; if (remainder == 0) returntrue; if (JXL_UNLIKELY(ReadBits(kBitsPerByte - remainder) != 0)) { return JXL_FAILURE("Non-zero padding bits");
} returntrue;
}
// For interoperability with other bitreaders (for resuming at // non-byte-aligned positions). const uint8_t* FirstByte() const { return first_byte_; }
size_t TotalBytes() const { returnstatic_cast<size_t>(end_minus_8_ + 8 - first_byte_);
}
// Returns whether all the bits read so far have been within the input bounds. // When reading past the EOF, the Read*() and Consume() functions return zeros // but flag a failure when calling Close() without checking this function.
Status AllReadsWithinBounds() { // Mark up to which point the user checked the out of bounds condition. If // the user handles the condition at higher level (e.g. fetch more bytes // from network, return a custom JXL_FAILURE, ...), Close() should not // output a debug error (which would break tests with JXL_CRASH_ON_ERROR // even when legitimately handling the situation at higher level). This is // used by Bundle::CanRead.
checked_out_of_bounds_bits_ = TotalBitsConsumed(); if (TotalBitsConsumed() > TotalBytes() * kBitsPerByte) { returnfalse;
} returntrue;
}
// Close the bit reader and return whether all the previous reads were // successful. Close must be called once.
Status Close() {
JXL_DASSERT(!close_called_);
close_called_ = true; if (!first_byte_) returntrue; if (TotalBitsConsumed() > checked_out_of_bounds_bits_ &&
TotalBitsConsumed() > TotalBytes() * kBitsPerByte) { return JXL_FAILURE("Read more bits than available in the bit_reader");
} returntrue;
}
private: // Separate function avoids inlining this relatively cold code into callers.
JXL_NOINLINE void BoundsCheckedRefill() { const uint8_t* end = end_minus_8_ + 8;
// Read whole bytes until we have [56, 64) bits (same as LoadLE64) for (; bits_in_buf_ < 64 - kBitsPerByte; bits_in_buf_ += kBitsPerByte) { if (next_byte_ >= end) break;
buf_ |= static_cast<uint64_t>(*next_byte_++) << bits_in_buf_;
}
JXL_DASSERT(bits_in_buf_ < 64);
// Add extra bytes as 0 at the end of the stream in the bit_buffer_. If // these bits are read, Close() will return a failure.
size_t extra_bytes = (63 - bits_in_buf_) / kBitsPerByte;
overread_bytes_ += extra_bytes;
bits_in_buf_ += extra_bytes * kBitsPerByte;
// Number of bytes past the end that were loaded into the buf_. These bytes // are not read from memory, but instead assumed 0. It is an error (likely due // to an invalid stream) to Consume() more bits than specified in the range // passed to the constructor.
uint64_t overread_bytes_{0}; bool close_called_{false};
uint64_t checked_out_of_bounds_bits_{0};
};
// Closes a BitReader when the BitReaderScopedCloser goes out of scope. When // closing the bit reader, if the status result was failure it sets this failure // to the passed variable pointer. Typical usage. // // Status ret = true; // { // BitReader reader(...); // BitReaderScopedCloser reader_closer(&reader, &ret); // // // ... code that can return errors here ... // } // // ... more code that doesn't use the BitReader. // return ret;
class BitReaderScopedCloser { public:
BitReaderScopedCloser(BitReader& reader, Status& status)
: reader_(&reader), status_(&status) {}
~BitReaderScopedCloser() { if (reader_ != nullptr) {
Status close_ret = reader_->Close(); if (!close_ret) *status_ = close_ret;
}
}
BitReaderScopedCloser(const BitReaderScopedCloser&) = delete;
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