/* maximum number of loops while examining next block, to have a chance to detect consistency problems (they should never happen
because of the checks done in the mounting */
if (!mtd_type_is_nand(mtd) || mtd->size > UINT_MAX) return; /* OK, this is moderately ugly. But probably safe. Alternatives? */ if (memcmp(mtd->name, "DiskOnChip", 10)) return;
/* Actual NFTL access routines */ /* NFTL_findfreeblock: Find a free Erase Unit on the NFTL partition. This function is used * when the give Virtual Unit Chain
*/ static u16 NFTL_findfreeblock(struct NFTLrecord *nftl, int desperate )
{ /* For a given Virtual Unit Chain: find or create a free block and
add it to the chain */ /* We're passed the number of the last EUN in the chain, to save us from
having to look it up again */
u16 pot = nftl->LastFreeEUN; int silly = nftl->nb_blocks;
/* Normally, we force a fold to happen before we run out of free blocks completely */ if (!desperate && nftl->numfreeEUNs < 2) {
pr_debug("NFTL_findfreeblock: there are too few free EUNs\n"); return BLOCK_NIL;
}
/* Scan for a free block */ do { if (nftl->ReplUnitTable[pot] == BLOCK_FREE) {
nftl->LastFreeEUN = pot;
nftl->numfreeEUNs--; return pot;
}
/* This will probably point to the MediaHdr unit itself, right at the beginning of the partition. But that unit (and the backup unit too) should have the UCI set
up so that it's not selected for overwriting */ if (++pot > nftl->lastEUN)
pot = le16_to_cpu(nftl->MediaHdr.FirstPhysicalEUN);
if (!silly--) {
printk("Argh! No free blocks found! LastFreeEUN = %d, " "FirstEUN = %d\n", nftl->LastFreeEUN,
le16_to_cpu(nftl->MediaHdr.FirstPhysicalEUN)); return BLOCK_NIL;
}
} while (pot != nftl->LastFreeEUN);
if (thisEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
printk(KERN_WARNING "Trying to fold non-existent " "Virtual Unit Chain %d!\n", thisVUC); return BLOCK_NIL;
}
/* Scan to find the Erase Unit which holds the actual data for each 512-byte block within the Chain.
*/
silly = MAX_LOOPS;
targetEUN = BLOCK_NIL; while (thisEUN <= nftl->lastEUN ) { unsignedint status, foldmark;
targetEUN = thisEUN; for (block = 0; block < nftl->EraseSize / 512; block ++) {
nftl_read_oob(mtd, (thisEUN * nftl->EraseSize) +
(block * 512), 16 , &retlen,
(char *)&oob); if (block == 2) {
foldmark = oob.u.c.FoldMark | oob.u.c.FoldMark1; if (foldmark == FOLD_MARK_IN_PROGRESS) {
pr_debug("Write Inhibited on EUN %d\n", thisEUN);
inplace = 0;
} else { /* There's no other reason not to do inplace, except ones that come later. So we don't need
to preserve inplace */
inplace = 1;
}
}
status = oob.b.Status | oob.b.Status1;
BlockLastState[block] = status;
switch(status) { case SECTOR_FREE:
BlockFreeFound[block] = 1; break;
case SECTOR_USED: if (!BlockFreeFound[block])
BlockMap[block] = thisEUN; else
printk(KERN_WARNING "SECTOR_USED found after SECTOR_FREE " "in Virtual Unit Chain %d for block %d\n",
thisVUC, block); break; case SECTOR_DELETED: if (!BlockFreeFound[block])
BlockMap[block] = BLOCK_NIL; else
printk(KERN_WARNING "SECTOR_DELETED found after SECTOR_FREE " "in Virtual Unit Chain %d for block %d\n",
thisVUC, block); break;
case SECTOR_IGNORE: break; default:
printk("Unknown status for block %d in EUN %d: %x\n",
block, thisEUN, status);
}
}
if (!silly--) {
printk(KERN_WARNING "Infinite loop in Virtual Unit Chain 0x%x\n",
thisVUC); return BLOCK_NIL;
}
thisEUN = nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN];
}
if (inplace) { /* We're being asked to be a fold-in-place. Check that all blocks which actually have data associated with them (i.e. BlockMap[block] != BLOCK_NIL) are either already present or SECTOR_FREE in the target block. If not, we're going to have to fold out-of-place anyway.
*/ for (block = 0; block < nftl->EraseSize / 512 ; block++) { if (BlockLastState[block] != SECTOR_FREE &&
BlockMap[block] != BLOCK_NIL &&
BlockMap[block] != targetEUN) {
pr_debug("Setting inplace to 0. VUC %d, " "block %d was %x lastEUN, " "and is in EUN %d (%s) %d\n",
thisVUC, block, BlockLastState[block],
BlockMap[block],
BlockMap[block]== targetEUN ? "==" : "!=",
targetEUN);
inplace = 0; break;
}
}
if (pendingblock >= (thisVUC * (nftl->EraseSize / 512)) &&
pendingblock < ((thisVUC + 1)* (nftl->EraseSize / 512)) &&
BlockLastState[pendingblock - (thisVUC * (nftl->EraseSize / 512))] !=
SECTOR_FREE) {
pr_debug("Pending write not free in EUN %d. " "Folding out of place.\n", targetEUN);
inplace = 0;
}
}
if (!inplace) {
pr_debug("Cannot fold Virtual Unit Chain %d in place. " "Trying out-of-place\n", thisVUC); /* We need to find a targetEUN to fold into. */
targetEUN = NFTL_findfreeblock(nftl, 1); if (targetEUN == BLOCK_NIL) { /* Ouch. Now we're screwed. We need to do a fold-in-place of another chain to make room for this one. We need a better way of selecting which chain to fold, because makefreeblock will only ask us to fold the same one again.
*/
printk(KERN_WARNING "NFTL_findfreeblock(desperate) returns 0xffff.\n"); return BLOCK_NIL;
}
} else { /* We put a fold mark in the chain we are folding only if we fold in place to help the mount check code. If we do not fold in place, it is possible to find the valid chain by selecting the
longer one */
oob.u.c.FoldMark = oob.u.c.FoldMark1 = cpu_to_le16(FOLD_MARK_IN_PROGRESS);
oob.u.c.unused = 0xffffffff;
nftl_write_oob(mtd, (nftl->EraseSize * targetEUN) + 2 * 512 + 8,
8, &retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
}
/* OK. We now know the location of every block in the Virtual Unit Chain, and the Erase Unit into which we are supposed to be copying. Go for it.
*/
pr_debug("Folding chain %d into unit %d\n", thisVUC, targetEUN); for (block = 0; block < nftl->EraseSize / 512 ; block++) { /* If it's in the target EUN already, or if it's pending write, do nothing */ if (BlockMap[block] == targetEUN ||
(pendingblock == (thisVUC * (nftl->EraseSize / 512) + block))) { continue;
}
/* copy only in non free block (free blocks can only
happen in case of media errors or deleted blocks) */ if (BlockMap[block] == BLOCK_NIL) continue;
/* add the header so that it is now a valid chain */
oob.u.a.VirtUnitNum = oob.u.a.SpareVirtUnitNum = cpu_to_le16(thisVUC);
oob.u.a.ReplUnitNum = oob.u.a.SpareReplUnitNum = BLOCK_NIL;
/* OK. We've moved the whole lot into the new block. Now we have to free the original blocks. */
/* At this point, we have two different chains for this Virtual Unit, and no way to tell them apart. If we crash now, we get confused. However, both contain the same data, so we shouldn't actually lose data in this case. It's just that when we load up on a medium which has duplicate chains, we need to free one of the chains because it's not necessary any more.
*/
thisEUN = nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC];
pr_debug("Want to erase\n");
/* For each block in the old chain (except the targetEUN of course),
free it and make it available for future use */ while (thisEUN <= nftl->lastEUN && thisEUN != targetEUN) { unsignedint EUNtmp;
EUNtmp = nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN];
if (NFTL_formatblock(nftl, thisEUN) < 0) { /* could not erase : mark block as reserved
*/
nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN] = BLOCK_RESERVED;
} else { /* correctly erased : mark it as free */
nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN] = BLOCK_FREE;
nftl->numfreeEUNs++;
}
thisEUN = EUNtmp;
}
/* Make this the new start of chain for thisVUC */
nftl->ReplUnitTable[targetEUN] = BLOCK_NIL;
nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC] = targetEUN;
return targetEUN;
}
static u16 NFTL_makefreeblock( struct NFTLrecord *nftl , unsigned pendingblock)
{ /* This is the part that needs some cleverness applied. For now, I'm doing the minimum applicable to actually get the thing to work. Wear-levelling and other clever stuff needs to be implemented and we also need to do some assessment of the results when the system loses power half-way through the routine.
*/
u16 LongestChain = 0;
u16 ChainLength = 0, thislen;
u16 chain, EUN;
while (EUN <= nftl->lastEUN) {
thislen++; //printk("VUC %d reaches len %d with EUN %d\n", chain, thislen, EUN);
EUN = nftl->ReplUnitTable[EUN] & 0x7fff; if (thislen > 0xff00) {
printk("Endless loop in Virtual Chain %d: Unit %x\n",
chain, EUN);
} if (thislen > 0xff10) { /* Actually, don't return failure. Just ignore this chain and
get on with it. */
thislen = 0; break;
}
}
if (thislen > ChainLength) { //printk("New longest chain is %d with length %d\n", chain, thislen);
ChainLength = thislen;
LongestChain = chain;
}
}
if (ChainLength < 2) {
printk(KERN_WARNING "No Virtual Unit Chains available for folding. " "Failing request\n"); return BLOCK_NIL;
}
/* NFTL_findwriteunit: Return the unit number into which we can write for this block. Make it available if it isn't already
*/ staticinline u16 NFTL_findwriteunit(struct NFTLrecord *nftl, unsigned block)
{
u16 lastEUN;
u16 thisVUC = block / (nftl->EraseSize / 512); struct mtd_info *mtd = nftl->mbd.mtd; unsignedint writeEUN; unsignedlong blockofs = (block * 512) & (nftl->EraseSize -1);
size_t retlen; int silly, silly2 = 3; struct nftl_oob oob;
do { /* Scan the media to find a unit in the VUC which has a free space for the block in question.
*/
/* This condition catches the 0x[7f]fff cases, as well as being a sanity check for past-end-of-media access
*/
lastEUN = BLOCK_NIL;
writeEUN = nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC];
silly = MAX_LOOPS; while (writeEUN <= nftl->lastEUN) { struct nftl_bci bci;
size_t retlen; unsignedint status;
pr_debug("Status of block %d in EUN %d is %x\n",
block , writeEUN, le16_to_cpu(bci.Status));
status = bci.Status | bci.Status1; switch(status) { case SECTOR_FREE: return writeEUN;
case SECTOR_DELETED: case SECTOR_USED: case SECTOR_IGNORE: break; default: // Invalid block. Don't use it any more. Must implement. break;
}
if (!silly--) {
printk(KERN_WARNING "Infinite loop in Virtual Unit Chain 0x%x\n",
thisVUC); return BLOCK_NIL;
}
/* Skip to next block in chain */
writeEUN = nftl->ReplUnitTable[writeEUN];
}
/* OK. We didn't find one in the existing chain, or there
is no existing chain. */
/* Try to find an already-free block */
writeEUN = NFTL_findfreeblock(nftl, 0);
if (writeEUN == BLOCK_NIL) { /* That didn't work - there were no free blocks just waiting to be picked up. We're going to have to fold a chain to make room.
*/
/* First remember the start of this chain */ //u16 startEUN = nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC];
if (writeEUN == BLOCK_NIL) { /* OK, we accept that the above comment is lying - there may have been free blocks last time we called NFTL_findfreeblock(), but they are reserved for when we're desperate. Well, now we're desperate.
*/
pr_debug("Using desperate==1 to find free EUN to accommodate write to VUC %d\n", thisVUC);
writeEUN = NFTL_findfreeblock(nftl, 1);
} if (writeEUN == BLOCK_NIL) { /* Ouch. This should never happen - we should always be able to make some room somehow. If we get here, we've allocated more storage space than actual media, or our makefreeblock routine is missing something.
*/
printk(KERN_WARNING "Cannot make free space.\n"); return BLOCK_NIL;
} //printk("Restarting scan\n"); continue;
}
/* We've found a free block. Insert it into the chain. */
if (lastEUN != BLOCK_NIL) {
thisVUC |= 0x8000; /* It's a replacement block */
} else { /* The first block in a new chain */
nftl->EUNtable[thisVUC] = writeEUN;
}
/* set up the actual EUN we're writing into */ /* Both in our cache... */
nftl->ReplUnitTable[writeEUN] = BLOCK_NIL;
/* ... and on the flash itself */
nftl_read_oob(mtd, writeEUN * nftl->EraseSize + 8, 8,
&retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
/* we link the new block to the chain only after the block is ready. It avoids the case where the chain
could point to a free block */ if (lastEUN != BLOCK_NIL) { /* Both in our cache... */
nftl->ReplUnitTable[lastEUN] = writeEUN; /* ... and on the flash itself */
nftl_read_oob(mtd, (lastEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + 8,
8, &retlen, (char *)&oob.u);
if (writeEUN == BLOCK_NIL) {
printk(KERN_WARNING "NFTL_writeblock(): Cannot find block to write to\n"); /* If we _still_ haven't got a block to use, we're screwed */ return 1;
}
if (thisEUN != BLOCK_NIL) { while (thisEUN < nftl->nb_blocks) { if (nftl_read_oob(mtd, (thisEUN * nftl->EraseSize) +
blockofs, 8, &retlen,
(char *)&bci) < 0)
status = SECTOR_IGNORE; else
status = bci.Status | bci.Status1;
switch (status) { case SECTOR_FREE: /* no modification of a sector should follow a free sector */ goto the_end; case SECTOR_DELETED:
lastgoodEUN = BLOCK_NIL; break; case SECTOR_USED:
lastgoodEUN = thisEUN; break; case SECTOR_IGNORE: break; default:
printk("Unknown status for block %ld in EUN %d: %x\n",
block, thisEUN, status); break;
}
if (!silly--) {
printk(KERN_WARNING "Infinite loop in Virtual Unit Chain 0x%lx\n",
block / (nftl->EraseSize / 512)); return 1;
}
thisEUN = nftl->ReplUnitTable[thisEUN];
}
}
the_end: if (lastgoodEUN == BLOCK_NIL) { /* the requested block is not on the media, return all 0x00 */
memset(buffer, 0, 512);
} else {
loff_t ptr = (lastgoodEUN * nftl->EraseSize) + blockofs;
size_t retlen; int res = mtd_read(mtd, ptr, 512, &retlen, buffer);
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
MODULE_AUTHOR("David Woodhouse , Fabrice Bellard et al.");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Support code for NAND Flash Translation Layer, used on M-Systems DiskOnChip 2000 and Millennium");
MODULE_ALIAS_BLOCKDEV_MAJOR(NFTL_MAJOR);
Messung V0.5
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