// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only /* * This file is part of UBIFS. * * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Nokia Corporation. * * Author: Adrian Hunter
*/
#include"ubifs.h"
/* * An orphan is an inode number whose inode node has been committed to the index * with a link count of zero. That happens when an open file is deleted * (unlinked) and then a commit is run. In the normal course of events the inode * would be deleted when the file is closed. However in the case of an unclean * unmount, orphans need to be accounted for. After an unclean unmount, the * orphans' inodes must be deleted which means either scanning the entire index * looking for them, or keeping a list on flash somewhere. This unit implements * the latter approach. * * The orphan area is a fixed number of LEBs situated between the LPT area and * the main area. The number of orphan area LEBs is specified when the file * system is created. The minimum number is 1. The size of the orphan area * should be so that it can hold the maximum number of orphans that are expected * to ever exist at one time. * * The number of orphans that can fit in a LEB is: * * (c->leb_size - UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ) / sizeof(__le64) * * For example: a 15872 byte LEB can fit 1980 orphans so 1 LEB may be enough. * * Orphans are accumulated in a rb-tree. When an inode's link count drops to * zero, the inode number is added to the rb-tree. It is removed from the tree * when the inode is deleted. Any new orphans that are in the orphan tree when * the commit is run, are written to the orphan area in 1 or more orphan nodes. * If the orphan area is full, it is consolidated to make space. There is * always enough space because validation prevents the user from creating more * than the maximum number of orphans allowed.
*/
/** * ubifs_add_orphan - add an orphan. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * @inum: orphan inode number * * Add an orphan. This function is called when an inodes link count drops to * zero.
*/ int ubifs_add_orphan(struct ubifs_info *c, ino_t inum)
{ struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, *o; struct rb_node **p, *parent = NULL;
/** * ubifs_delete_orphan - delete an orphan. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * @inum: orphan inode number * * Delete an orphan. This function is called when an inode is deleted.
*/ void ubifs_delete_orphan(struct ubifs_info *c, ino_t inum)
{ struct ubifs_orphan *orph;
/** * avail_orphs - calculate available space. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * * This function returns the number of orphans that can be written in the * available space.
*/ staticint avail_orphs(struct ubifs_info *c)
{ int avail_lebs, avail, gap;
/** * tot_avail_orphs - calculate total space. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * * This function returns the number of orphans that can be written in half * the total space. That leaves half the space for adding new orphans.
*/ staticint tot_avail_orphs(struct ubifs_info *c)
{ int avail_lebs, avail;
/** * do_write_orph_node - write a node to the orphan head. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * @len: length of node * @atomic: write atomically * * This function writes a node to the orphan head from the orphan buffer. If * %atomic is not zero, then the write is done atomically. On success, %0 is * returned, otherwise a negative error code is returned.
*/ staticint do_write_orph_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int len, int atomic)
{ int err = 0;
if (atomic) {
ubifs_assert(c, c->ohead_offs == 0);
ubifs_prepare_node(c, c->orph_buf, len, 1);
len = ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
err = ubifs_leb_change(c, c->ohead_lnum, c->orph_buf, len);
} else { if (c->ohead_offs == 0) { /* Ensure LEB has been unmapped */
err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, c->ohead_lnum); if (err) return err;
}
err = ubifs_write_node(c, c->orph_buf, len, c->ohead_lnum,
c->ohead_offs);
} return err;
}
/** * write_orph_node - write an orphan node. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * @atomic: write atomically * * This function builds an orphan node from the cnext list and writes it to the * orphan head. On success, %0 is returned, otherwise a negative error code * is returned.
*/ staticint write_orph_node(struct ubifs_info *c, int atomic)
{ struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, *cnext; struct ubifs_orph_node *orph; int gap, err, len, cnt, i;
ubifs_assert(c, c->cmt_orphans > 0);
gap = c->leb_size - c->ohead_offs; if (gap < UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ + sizeof(__le64)) {
c->ohead_lnum += 1;
c->ohead_offs = 0;
gap = c->leb_size; if (c->ohead_lnum > c->orph_last) { /* * We limit the number of orphans so that this should * never happen.
*/
ubifs_err(c, "out of space in orphan area"); return -EINVAL;
}
}
cnt = (gap - UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ) / sizeof(__le64); if (cnt > c->cmt_orphans)
cnt = c->cmt_orphans;
len = UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ + cnt * sizeof(__le64);
ubifs_assert(c, c->orph_buf);
orph = c->orph_buf;
orph->ch.node_type = UBIFS_ORPH_NODE;
spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
cnext = c->orph_cnext; for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
orphan = cnext;
ubifs_assert(c, orphan->cmt);
orph->inos[i] = cpu_to_le64(orphan->inum);
orphan->cmt = 0;
cnext = orphan->cnext;
orphan->cnext = NULL;
}
c->orph_cnext = cnext;
c->cmt_orphans -= cnt;
spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock); if (c->cmt_orphans)
orph->cmt_no = cpu_to_le64(c->cmt_no); else /* Mark the last node of the commit */
orph->cmt_no = cpu_to_le64((c->cmt_no) | (1ULL << 63));
ubifs_assert(c, c->ohead_offs + len <= c->leb_size);
ubifs_assert(c, c->ohead_lnum >= c->orph_first);
ubifs_assert(c, c->ohead_lnum <= c->orph_last);
err = do_write_orph_node(c, len, atomic);
c->ohead_offs += ALIGN(len, c->min_io_size);
c->ohead_offs = ALIGN(c->ohead_offs, 8); return err;
}
/** * write_orph_nodes - write orphan nodes until there are no more to commit. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * @atomic: write atomically * * This function writes orphan nodes for all the orphans to commit. On success, * %0 is returned, otherwise a negative error code is returned.
*/ staticint write_orph_nodes(struct ubifs_info *c, int atomic)
{ int err;
while (c->cmt_orphans > 0) {
err = write_orph_node(c, atomic); if (err) return err;
} if (atomic) { int lnum;
/* Unmap any unused LEBs after consolidation */ for (lnum = c->ohead_lnum + 1; lnum <= c->orph_last; lnum++) {
err = ubifs_leb_unmap(c, lnum); if (err) return err;
}
} return 0;
}
/** * consolidate - consolidate the orphan area. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * * This function enables consolidation by putting all the orphans into the list * to commit. The list is in the order that the orphans were added, and the * LEBs are written atomically in order, so at no time can orphans be lost by * an unclean unmount. * * This function returns %0 on success and a negative error code on failure.
*/ staticint consolidate(struct ubifs_info *c)
{ int tot_avail = tot_avail_orphs(c), err = 0;
spin_lock(&c->orphan_lock);
dbg_cmt("there is space for %d orphans and there are %d",
tot_avail, c->tot_orphans); if (c->tot_orphans - c->new_orphans <= tot_avail) { struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, **last; int cnt = 0;
/* Change the cnext list to include all non-new orphans */
last = &c->orph_cnext;
list_for_each_entry(orphan, &c->orph_list, list) { if (orphan->new) continue;
orphan->cmt = 1;
*last = orphan;
last = &orphan->cnext;
cnt += 1;
}
*last = NULL;
ubifs_assert(c, cnt == c->tot_orphans - c->new_orphans);
c->cmt_orphans = cnt;
c->ohead_lnum = c->orph_first;
c->ohead_offs = 0;
} else { /* * We limit the number of orphans so that this should * never happen.
*/
ubifs_err(c, "out of space in orphan area");
err = -EINVAL;
}
spin_unlock(&c->orphan_lock); return err;
}
/** * commit_orphans - commit orphans. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * * This function commits orphans to flash. On success, %0 is returned, * otherwise a negative error code is returned.
*/ staticint commit_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c)
{ int avail, atomic = 0, err;
ubifs_assert(c, c->cmt_orphans > 0);
avail = avail_orphs(c); if (avail < c->cmt_orphans) { /* Not enough space to write new orphans, so consolidate */
err = consolidate(c); if (err) return err;
atomic = 1;
}
err = write_orph_nodes(c, atomic); return err;
}
/** * erase_deleted - erase the orphans marked for deletion. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * * During commit, the orphans being committed cannot be deleted, so they are * marked for deletion and deleted by this function. Also, the recovery * adds killed orphans to the deletion list, and therefore they are deleted * here too.
*/ staticvoid erase_deleted(struct ubifs_info *c)
{ struct ubifs_orphan *orphan, *dnext;
/** * ubifs_orphan_end_commit - end commit of orphans. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * * End commit of orphans.
*/ int ubifs_orphan_end_commit(struct ubifs_info *c)
{ int err;
if (c->cmt_orphans != 0) {
err = commit_orphans(c); if (err) return err;
}
erase_deleted(c);
err = dbg_check_orphans(c); return err;
}
/** * ubifs_clear_orphans - erase all LEBs used for orphans. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * * If recovery is not required, then the orphans from the previous session * are not needed. This function locates the LEBs used to record * orphans, and un-maps them.
*/ int ubifs_clear_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c)
{ int lnum, err;
/** * do_kill_orphans - remove orphan inodes from the index. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * @sleb: scanned LEB * @last_cmt_no: cmt_no of last orphan node read is passed and returned here * @outofdate: whether the LEB is out of date is returned here * @last_flagged: whether the end orphan node is encountered * * This function is a helper to the 'kill_orphans()' function. It goes through * every orphan node in a LEB and for every inode number recorded, removes * all keys for that inode from the TNC.
*/ staticint do_kill_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c, struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb, unsignedlonglong *last_cmt_no, int *outofdate, int *last_flagged)
{ struct ubifs_scan_node *snod; struct ubifs_orph_node *orph; struct ubifs_ino_node *ino = NULL; unsignedlonglong cmt_no;
ino_t inum; int i, n, err, first = 1;
ino = kmalloc(UBIFS_MAX_INO_NODE_SZ, GFP_NOFS); if (!ino) return -ENOMEM;
list_for_each_entry(snod, &sleb->nodes, list) { if (snod->type != UBIFS_ORPH_NODE) {
ubifs_err(c, "invalid node type %d in orphan area at %d:%d",
snod->type, sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
ubifs_dump_node(c, snod->node,
c->leb_size - snod->offs);
err = -EINVAL; goto out_free;
}
orph = snod->node;
/* Check commit number */
cmt_no = le64_to_cpu(orph->cmt_no) & LLONG_MAX; /* * The commit number on the master node may be less, because * of a failed commit. If there are several failed commits in a * row, the commit number written on orphan nodes will continue * to increase (because the commit number is adjusted here) even * though the commit number on the master node stays the same * because the master node has not been re-written.
*/ if (cmt_no > c->cmt_no)
c->cmt_no = cmt_no; if (cmt_no < *last_cmt_no && *last_flagged) { /* * The last orphan node had a higher commit number and * was flagged as the last written for that commit * number. That makes this orphan node, out of date.
*/ if (!first) {
ubifs_err(c, "out of order commit number %llu in orphan node at %d:%d",
cmt_no, sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
ubifs_dump_node(c, snod->node,
c->leb_size - snod->offs);
err = -EINVAL; goto out_free;
}
dbg_rcvry("out of date LEB %d", sleb->lnum);
*outofdate = 1;
err = 0; goto out_free;
}
if (first)
first = 0;
n = (le32_to_cpu(orph->ch.len) - UBIFS_ORPH_NODE_SZ) >> 3; for (i = 0; i < n; i++) { union ubifs_key key;
/* * Check whether an inode can really get deleted. * linkat() with O_TMPFILE allows rebirth of an inode.
*/ if (err == 0 && ino->nlink == 0) {
dbg_rcvry("deleting orphaned inode %lu",
(unsignedlong)inum);
err = ubifs_tnc_remove_ino(c, inum); if (err) goto out_ro;
}
}
*last_cmt_no = cmt_no; if (le64_to_cpu(orph->cmt_no) & (1ULL << 63)) {
dbg_rcvry("last orph node for commit %llu at %d:%d",
cmt_no, sleb->lnum, snod->offs);
*last_flagged = 1;
} else
*last_flagged = 0;
}
/** * kill_orphans - remove all orphan inodes from the index. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * * If recovery is required, then orphan inodes recorded during the previous * session (which ended with an unclean unmount) must be deleted from the index. * This is done by updating the TNC, but since the index is not updated until * the next commit, the LEBs where the orphan information is recorded are not * erased until the next commit.
*/ staticint kill_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c)
{ unsignedlonglong last_cmt_no = 0; int lnum, err = 0, outofdate = 0, last_flagged = 0;
c->ohead_lnum = c->orph_first;
c->ohead_offs = 0; /* Check no-orphans flag and skip this if no orphans */ if (c->no_orphs) {
dbg_rcvry("no orphans"); return 0;
} /* * Orph nodes always start at c->orph_first and are written to each * successive LEB in turn. Generally unused LEBs will have been unmapped * but may contain out of date orphan nodes if the unmap didn't go * through. In addition, the last orphan node written for each commit is * marked (top bit of orph->cmt_no is set to 1). It is possible that * there are orphan nodes from the next commit (i.e. the commit did not * complete successfully). In that case, no orphans will have been lost * due to the way that orphans are written, and any orphans added will * be valid orphans anyway and so can be deleted.
*/ for (lnum = c->orph_first; lnum <= c->orph_last; lnum++) { struct ubifs_scan_leb *sleb;
/** * ubifs_mount_orphans - delete orphan inodes and erase LEBs that recorded them. * @c: UBIFS file-system description object * @unclean: indicates recovery from unclean unmount * @read_only: indicates read only mount * * This function is called when mounting to erase orphans from the previous * session. If UBIFS was not unmounted cleanly, then the inodes recorded as * orphans are deleted.
*/ int ubifs_mount_orphans(struct ubifs_info *c, int unclean, int read_only)
{ int err = 0;
c->max_orphans = tot_avail_orphs(c);
if (!read_only) {
c->orph_buf = vmalloc(c->leb_size); if (!c->orph_buf) return -ENOMEM;
}
if (unclean)
err = kill_orphans(c); elseif (!read_only)
err = ubifs_clear_orphans(c);
dbg_cmt("last inode number is %lu", ci.last_ino);
dbg_cmt("total number of inodes is %lu", ci.tot_inos);
dbg_cmt("total number of leaf nodes is %llu", ci.leaf_cnt);
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