/* * This function checks whether the range [start_pfn, end_pfn) includes * unmovable pages or not. The range must fall into a single pageblock and * consequently belong to a single zone. * * PageLRU check without isolation or lru_lock could race so that * MIGRATE_MOVABLE block might include unmovable pages. Similarly, pages * with movable_ops can only be identified some time after they were * allocated. So you can't expect this function should be exact. * * Returns a page without holding a reference. If the caller wants to * dereference that page (e.g., dumping), it has to make sure that it * cannot get removed (e.g., via memory unplug) concurrently. *
*/ staticstruct page *has_unmovable_pages(unsignedlong start_pfn, unsignedlong end_pfn, enum pb_isolate_mode mode)
{ struct page *page = pfn_to_page(start_pfn); struct zone *zone = page_zone(page); unsignedlong pfn;
if (is_migrate_cma_page(page)) { /* * CMA allocations (alloc_contig_range) really need to mark * isolate CMA pageblocks even when they are not movable in fact * so consider them movable here.
*/ if (mode == PB_ISOLATE_MODE_CMA_ALLOC) return NULL;
/* * Both, bootmem allocations and memory holes are marked * PG_reserved and are unmovable. We can even have unmovable * allocations inside ZONE_MOVABLE, for example when * specifying "movablecore".
*/ if (PageReserved(page)) return page;
/* * If the zone is movable and we have ruled out all reserved * pages then it should be reasonably safe to assume the rest * is movable.
*/ if (zone_idx(zone) == ZONE_MOVABLE) continue;
/* * Hugepages are not in LRU lists, but they're movable. * THPs are on the LRU, but need to be counted as #small pages. * We need not scan over tail pages because we don't * handle each tail page individually in migration.
*/ if (PageHuge(page) || PageTransCompound(page)) { struct folio *folio = page_folio(page); unsignedint skip_pages;
if (PageHuge(page)) { struct hstate *h;
/* * The huge page may be freed so can not * use folio_hstate() directly.
*/
h = size_to_hstate(folio_size(folio)); if (h && !hugepage_migration_supported(h)) return page;
} elseif (!folio_test_lru(folio)) { return page;
}
/* * We can't use page_count without pin a page * because another CPU can free compound page. * This check already skips compound tails of THP * because their page->_refcount is zero at all time.
*/ if (!page_ref_count(page)) { if (PageBuddy(page))
pfn += (1 << buddy_order(page)) - 1; continue;
}
/* * The HWPoisoned page may be not in buddy system, and * page_count() is not 0.
*/ if ((mode == PB_ISOLATE_MODE_MEM_OFFLINE) && PageHWPoison(page)) continue;
/* * We treat all PageOffline() pages as movable when offlining * to give drivers a chance to decrement their reference count * in MEM_GOING_OFFLINE in order to indicate that these pages * can be offlined as there are no direct references anymore. * For actually unmovable PageOffline() where the driver does * not support this, we will fail later when trying to actually * move these pages that still have a reference count > 0. * (false negatives in this function only)
*/ if ((mode == PB_ISOLATE_MODE_MEM_OFFLINE) && PageOffline(page)) continue;
if (PageLRU(page) || page_has_movable_ops(page)) continue;
/* * If there are RECLAIMABLE pages, we need to check * it. But now, memory offline itself doesn't call * shrink_node_slabs() and it still to be fixed.
*/ return page;
} return NULL;
}
/* * This function set pageblock migratetype to isolate if no unmovable page is * present in [start_pfn, end_pfn). The pageblock must intersect with * [start_pfn, end_pfn).
*/ staticint set_migratetype_isolate(struct page *page, enum pb_isolate_mode mode, unsignedlong start_pfn, unsignedlong end_pfn)
{ struct zone *zone = page_zone(page); struct page *unmovable; unsignedlong flags; unsignedlong check_unmovable_start, check_unmovable_end;
if (PageUnaccepted(page))
accept_page(page);
spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock, flags);
/* * We assume the caller intended to SET migrate type to isolate. * If it is already set, then someone else must have raced and * set it before us.
*/ if (is_migrate_isolate_page(page)) {
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags); return -EBUSY;
}
/* * FIXME: Now, memory hotplug doesn't call shrink_slab() by itself. * We just check MOVABLE pages. * * Pass the intersection of [start_pfn, end_pfn) and the page's pageblock * to avoid redundant checks.
*/
check_unmovable_start = max(page_to_pfn(page), start_pfn);
check_unmovable_end = min(pageblock_end_pfn(page_to_pfn(page)),
end_pfn);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags); if (mode == PB_ISOLATE_MODE_MEM_OFFLINE) { /* * printk() with zone->lock held will likely trigger a * lockdep splat, so defer it here.
*/
dump_page(unmovable, "unmovable page");
}
zone = page_zone(page);
spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock, flags); if (!is_migrate_isolate_page(page)) goto out;
/* * Because freepage with more than pageblock_order on isolated * pageblock is restricted to merge due to freepage counting problem, * it is possible that there is free buddy page. * move_freepages_block() doesn't care of merge so we need other * approach in order to merge them. Isolation and free will make * these pages to be merged.
*/ if (PageBuddy(page)) {
order = buddy_order(page); if (order >= pageblock_order && order < MAX_PAGE_ORDER) {
buddy = find_buddy_page_pfn(page, page_to_pfn(page),
order, NULL); if (buddy && !is_migrate_isolate_page(buddy)) {
isolated_page = !!__isolate_free_page(page, order); /* * Isolating a free page in an isolated pageblock * is expected to always work as watermarks don't * apply here.
*/
VM_WARN_ON(!isolated_page);
}
}
}
/* * If we isolate freepage with more than pageblock_order, there * should be no freepage in the range, so we could avoid costly * pageblock scanning for freepage moving. * * We didn't actually touch any of the isolated pages, so place them * to the tail of the freelist. This is an optimization for memory * onlining - just onlined memory won't immediately be considered for * allocation.
*/ if (!isolated_page) { /* * Isolating this block already succeeded, so this * should not fail on zone boundaries.
*/
WARN_ON_ONCE(!pageblock_unisolate_and_move_free_pages(zone, page));
} else {
clear_pageblock_isolate(page);
__putback_isolated_page(page, order, get_pageblock_migratetype(page));
}
zone->nr_isolate_pageblock--;
out:
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags);
}
staticinlinestruct page *
__first_valid_page(unsignedlong pfn, unsignedlong nr_pages)
{ int i;
for (i = 0; i < nr_pages; i++) { struct page *page;
/** * isolate_single_pageblock() -- tries to isolate a pageblock that might be * within a free or in-use page. * @boundary_pfn: pageblock-aligned pfn that a page might cross * @mode: isolation mode * @isolate_before: isolate the pageblock before the boundary_pfn * @skip_isolation: the flag to skip the pageblock isolation in second * isolate_single_pageblock() * * Free and in-use pages can be as big as MAX_PAGE_ORDER and contain more than one * pageblock. When not all pageblocks within a page are isolated at the same * time, free page accounting can go wrong. For example, in the case of * MAX_PAGE_ORDER = pageblock_order + 1, a MAX_PAGE_ORDER page has two * pagelbocks. * [ MAX_PAGE_ORDER ] * [ pageblock0 | pageblock1 ] * When either pageblock is isolated, if it is a free page, the page is not * split into separate migratetype lists, which is supposed to; if it is an * in-use page and freed later, __free_one_page() does not split the free page * either. The function handles this by splitting the free page or migrating * the in-use page then splitting the free page.
*/ staticint isolate_single_pageblock(unsignedlong boundary_pfn, enum pb_isolate_mode mode, bool isolate_before, bool skip_isolation)
{ unsignedlong start_pfn; unsignedlong isolate_pageblock; unsignedlong pfn; struct zone *zone; int ret;
/* * scan at the beginning of MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES aligned range to avoid * only isolating a subset of pageblocks from a bigger than pageblock * free or in-use page. Also make sure all to-be-isolated pageblocks * are within the same zone.
*/
zone = page_zone(pfn_to_page(isolate_pageblock));
start_pfn = max(ALIGN_DOWN(isolate_pageblock, MAX_ORDER_NR_PAGES),
zone->zone_start_pfn);
if (skip_isolation) {
VM_BUG_ON(!get_pageblock_isolate(pfn_to_page(isolate_pageblock)));
} else {
ret = set_migratetype_isolate(pfn_to_page(isolate_pageblock),
mode, isolate_pageblock,
isolate_pageblock + pageblock_nr_pages);
if (ret) return ret;
}
/* * Bail out early when the to-be-isolated pageblock does not form * a free or in-use page across boundary_pfn: * * 1. isolate before boundary_pfn: the page after is not online * 2. isolate after boundary_pfn: the page before is not online * * This also ensures correctness. Without it, when isolate after * boundary_pfn and [start_pfn, boundary_pfn) are not online, * __first_valid_page() will return unexpected NULL in the for loop * below.
*/ if (isolate_before) { if (!pfn_to_online_page(boundary_pfn)) return 0;
} else { if (!pfn_to_online_page(boundary_pfn - 1)) return 0;
}
/* * If a compound page is straddling our block, attempt * to migrate it out of the way. * * We don't have to worry about this creating a large * free page that straddles into our block: gigantic * pages are freed as order-0 chunks, and LRU pages * (currently) do not exceed pageblock_order. * * The block of interest has already been marked * MIGRATE_ISOLATE above, so when migration is done it * will free its pages onto the correct freelists.
*/ if (PageCompound(page)) { struct page *head = compound_head(page); unsignedlong head_pfn = page_to_pfn(head); unsignedlong nr_pages = compound_nr(head);
/* * These pages are movable too, but they're * not expected to exceed pageblock_order. * * Let us know when they do, so we can add * proper free and split handling for them.
*/
VM_WARN_ON_ONCE_PAGE(PageLRU(page), page);
VM_WARN_ON_ONCE_PAGE(page_has_movable_ops(page), page);
goto failed;
}
pfn++;
} return 0;
failed: /* restore the original migratetype */ if (!skip_isolation)
unset_migratetype_isolate(pfn_to_page(isolate_pageblock)); return -EBUSY;
}
/** * start_isolate_page_range() - mark page range MIGRATE_ISOLATE * @start_pfn: The first PFN of the range to be isolated. * @end_pfn: The last PFN of the range to be isolated. * @mode: isolation mode * * Making page-allocation-type to be MIGRATE_ISOLATE means free pages in * the range will never be allocated. Any free pages and pages freed in the * future will not be allocated again. If specified range includes migrate types * other than MOVABLE or CMA, this will fail with -EBUSY. For isolating all * pages in the range finally, the caller have to free all pages in the range. * test_page_isolated() can be used for test it. * * The function first tries to isolate the pageblocks at the beginning and end * of the range, since there might be pages across the range boundaries. * Afterwards, it isolates the rest of the range. * * There is no high level synchronization mechanism that prevents two threads * from trying to isolate overlapping ranges. If this happens, one thread * will notice pageblocks in the overlapping range already set to isolate. * This happens in set_migratetype_isolate, and set_migratetype_isolate * returns an error. We then clean up by restoring the migration type on * pageblocks we may have modified and return -EBUSY to caller. This * prevents two threads from simultaneously working on overlapping ranges. * * Please note that there is no strong synchronization with the page allocator * either. Pages might be freed while their page blocks are marked ISOLATED. * A call to drain_all_pages() after isolation can flush most of them. However * in some cases pages might still end up on pcp lists and that would allow * for their allocation even when they are in fact isolated already. Depending * on how strong of a guarantee the caller needs, zone_pcp_disable/enable() * might be used to flush and disable pcplist before isolation and enable after * unisolation. * * Return: 0 on success and -EBUSY if any part of range cannot be isolated.
*/ int start_isolate_page_range(unsignedlong start_pfn, unsignedlong end_pfn, enum pb_isolate_mode mode)
{ unsignedlong pfn; struct page *page; /* isolation is done at page block granularity */ unsignedlong isolate_start = pageblock_start_pfn(start_pfn); unsignedlong isolate_end = pageblock_align(end_pfn); int ret; bool skip_isolation = false;
/* isolate [isolate_start, isolate_start + pageblock_nr_pages) pageblock */
ret = isolate_single_pageblock(isolate_start, mode, false,
skip_isolation); if (ret) return ret;
if (isolate_start == isolate_end - pageblock_nr_pages)
skip_isolation = true;
/* skip isolated pageblocks at the beginning and end */ for (pfn = isolate_start + pageblock_nr_pages;
pfn < isolate_end - pageblock_nr_pages;
pfn += pageblock_nr_pages) {
page = __first_valid_page(pfn, pageblock_nr_pages); if (page && set_migratetype_isolate(page, mode, start_pfn,
end_pfn)) {
undo_isolate_page_range(isolate_start, pfn);
unset_migratetype_isolate(
pfn_to_page(isolate_end - pageblock_nr_pages)); return -EBUSY;
}
} return 0;
}
/** * undo_isolate_page_range - undo effects of start_isolate_page_range() * @start_pfn: The first PFN of the isolated range * @end_pfn: The last PFN of the isolated range * * This finds and unsets every MIGRATE_ISOLATE page block in the given range
*/ void undo_isolate_page_range(unsignedlong start_pfn, unsignedlong end_pfn)
{ unsignedlong pfn; struct page *page; unsignedlong isolate_start = pageblock_start_pfn(start_pfn); unsignedlong isolate_end = pageblock_align(end_pfn);
for (pfn = isolate_start;
pfn < isolate_end;
pfn += pageblock_nr_pages) {
page = __first_valid_page(pfn, pageblock_nr_pages); if (!page || !is_migrate_isolate_page(page)) continue;
unset_migratetype_isolate(page);
}
} /* * Test all pages in the range is free(means isolated) or not. * all pages in [start_pfn...end_pfn) must be in the same zone. * zone->lock must be held before call this. * * Returns the last tested pfn.
*/ staticunsignedlong
__test_page_isolated_in_pageblock(unsignedlong pfn, unsignedlong end_pfn, enum pb_isolate_mode mode)
{ struct page *page;
while (pfn < end_pfn) {
page = pfn_to_page(pfn); if (PageBuddy(page)) /* * If the page is on a free list, it has to be on * the correct MIGRATE_ISOLATE freelist. There is no * simple way to verify that as VM_BUG_ON(), though.
*/
pfn += 1 << buddy_order(page); elseif ((mode == PB_ISOLATE_MODE_MEM_OFFLINE) &&
PageHWPoison(page)) /* A HWPoisoned page cannot be also PageBuddy */
pfn++; elseif ((mode == PB_ISOLATE_MODE_MEM_OFFLINE) &&
PageOffline(page) && !page_count(page)) /* * The responsible driver agreed to skip PageOffline() * pages when offlining memory by dropping its * reference in MEM_GOING_OFFLINE.
*/
pfn++; else break;
}
return pfn;
}
/** * test_pages_isolated - check if pageblocks in range are isolated * @start_pfn: The first PFN of the isolated range * @end_pfn: The first PFN *after* the isolated range * @mode: Testing mode * * This tests if all in the specified range are free. * * If %PB_ISOLATE_MODE_MEM_OFFLINE specified in @mode, it will consider * poisoned and offlined pages free as well. * * Caller must ensure the requested range doesn't span zones. * * Returns 0 if true, -EBUSY if one or more pages are in use.
*/ int test_pages_isolated(unsignedlong start_pfn, unsignedlong end_pfn, enum pb_isolate_mode mode)
{ unsignedlong pfn, flags; struct page *page; struct zone *zone; int ret;
/* * Due to the deferred freeing of hugetlb folios, the hugepage folios may * not immediately release to the buddy system. This can cause PageBuddy() * to fail in __test_page_isolated_in_pageblock(). To ensure that the * hugetlb folios are properly released back to the buddy system, we * invoke the wait_for_freed_hugetlb_folios() function to wait for the * release to complete.
*/
wait_for_freed_hugetlb_folios();
/* * Note: pageblock_nr_pages != MAX_PAGE_ORDER. Then, chunks of free * pages are not aligned to pageblock_nr_pages. * Then we just check migratetype first.
*/ for (pfn = start_pfn; pfn < end_pfn; pfn += pageblock_nr_pages) {
page = __first_valid_page(pfn, pageblock_nr_pages); if (page && !is_migrate_isolate_page(page)) break;
}
page = __first_valid_page(start_pfn, end_pfn - start_pfn); if ((pfn < end_pfn) || !page) {
ret = -EBUSY; goto out;
}
/* Check all pages are free or marked as ISOLATED */
zone = page_zone(page);
spin_lock_irqsave(&zone->lock, flags);
pfn = __test_page_isolated_in_pageblock(start_pfn, end_pfn, mode);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&zone->lock, flags);
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