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00-XX General and overarching topics; collections
00-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to mathematics in general
00-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to mathematics in general
00Axx General and miscellaneous specific topics
00A05 Mathematics in general
00A06 Mathematics for nonmathematicians (engineering, social sciences, etc.)
00A07 Problem books {For open problems, see 00A27}
00A08 Recreational mathematics
00A09 Popularization of mathematics
00A15 Bibliographies for mathematics in general [See also 01A70 and the classification number –00 in the other sections]
00A17 External book reviews
00A20 Dictionaries and other general reference works [See also the classification number –00 in the other sections]
00A22 Formularies
00A27 Lists of open problems
00A30 Philosophy of mathematics [See also 03A05]
00A35 Methodology of mathematics {For mathematics education, see 97-XX}
00A64 Mathematics and literature
00A65 Mathematics and music
00A66 Mathematics and visual arts
00A67 Mathematics and architecture
00A69 General applied mathematics {For physics, see 00A79 and Sections 70 through 86}
00A71 General theory of mathematical modeling
00A72 General theory of simulation
00A79 Physics (Use more specific entries from Sections 70 through 86 when possible)
00A99 None of the above, but in this section
00Bxx Conference proceedings and collections of articles
00B05 Collections of abstracts of lectures
00B10 Collections of articles of general interest
00B15 Collections of articles of miscellaneous specific interest
00B20 Proceedings of conferences of general interest
00B25 Proceedings of conferences of miscellaneous specific interest
00B30 Festschriften
00B50 Collections of translated articles of general interest
00B55 Collections of translated articles of miscellaneous specific interest
00B60 Collections of reprinted articles [See also 01A75]
00B99 None of the above, but in this section
01-XX History and biography [See also the classification number –03 in the other sections]
01-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to history and biography
01-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to history and biography
01-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to history and biography
01-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to history and biography
01-11 Research data for problems pertaining to history and biography
01Axx History of mathematics and mathematicians
01A05 General histories, source books
01A07 Ethnomathematics, general
01A10 History of mathematics in Paleolithic and Neolithic times
01A11 History of mathematics of the indigenous cultures of Africa, Asia, and Oceania
01A12 History of mathematics of the indigenous cultures of the Americas
01A15 History of mathematics of the indigenous cultures of Europe (pre-Greek, etc.)
01A16 History of mathematics in Ancient Egypt
01A17 History of mathematics in Ancient Babylon
01A20 History of mathematics in Ancient Greece and Rome
01A25 History of mathematics in China
01A27 History of mathematics in Japan
01A29 History of mathematics in Southeast Asia
01A30 History of mathematics in the Golden Age of Islam
01A32 History of mathematics in India
01A35 History of mathematics in late antiquity and medieval Europe
01A40 History of mathematics in the 15th and 16th centuries, Renaissance
01A45 History of mathematics in the 17th century
01A50 History of mathematics in the 18th century
01A55 History of mathematics in the 19th century
01A60 History of mathematics in the 20th century
01A61 History of mathematics in the 21st century
01A65 Development of contemporary mathematics
01A67 Future perspectives in mathematics
01A70 Biographies, obituaries, personalia, bibliographies
01A72 Schools of mathematics
01A73 History of mathematics at specific universities
01A74 History of mathematics at institutions and academies (non-university)
01A75 Collected or selected works; reprintings or translations of classics [See also 00B60]
01A80 Sociology (and profession) of mathematics
01A85 Historiography
01A90 Bibliographic studies
01A99 None of the above, but in this section
03-XX Mathematical logic and foundations
03-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to mathematical logic and foundations
03-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to mathematical logic and foundations
03-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to mathematical logic and foundations
03-03 History of mathematical logic and foundations [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
03-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to mathematical logic and foundations
03-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to mathematical logic and foundations
03-08 Computational methods for problems pertaining to mathematical logic and foundations
03-11 Research data for problems pertaining to mathematical logic and foundations
03Axx Philosophical aspects of logic and foundations
03A05 Philosophical and critical aspects of logic and foundations {For philosophy of mathematics, see also 00A30}
03A10 Logic in the philosophy of science
03A99 None of the above, but in this section
03Bxx General logic
03B05 Classical propositional logic
03B10 Classical first-order logic
03B16 Higher-order logic
03B20 Subsystems of classical logic (including intuitionistic logic)
03B22 Abstract deductive systems
03B25 Decidability of theories and sets of sentences [See also 11U05, 12L05, 20F10]
03B30 Foundations of classical theories (including reverse mathematics) [See also 03F35]
03B35 Mechanization of proofs and logical operations [See also 68V15]
03B38 Type theory
03B40 Combinatory logic and lambda calculus [See also 68N18]
03B42 Logics of knowledge and belief (including belief change)
03B44 Temporal logic
03B45 Modal logic (including the logic of norms) {For knowledge and belief, see 03B42; for temporal logic, see 03B44; for provability logic, see also 03F45}
03B47 Substructural logics (including relevance, entailment, linear logic, Lambek calculus, BCK and BCI logics) {For proof-theoretic aspects see 03F52}
03B48 Probability and inductive logic [See also 60A05]
03B50 Many-valued logic
03B52 Fuzzy logic; logic of vagueness [See also 68T27, 68T37, 94D05]
03B53 Paraconsistent logics
03B55 Intermediate logics
03B60 Other nonclassical logic
03B62 Combined logics
03B65 Logic of natural languages [See also 68T50, 91F20]
03B70 Logic in computer science [See also 68-XX]
03B80 Other applications of logic
03B99 None of the above, but in this section
03Cxx Model theory
03C05 Equational classes, universal algebra in model theory [See also 08Axx, 08Bxx, 18C05]
03C07 Basic properties of first-order languages and structures
03C10 Quantifier elimination, model completeness and related topics
03C13 Model theory of finite structures [See also 68Q15, 68Q19]
03C15 Model theory of denumerable and separable structures
03C20 Ultraproducts and related constructions
03C25 Model-theoretic forcing
03C30 Other model constructions
03C35 Categoricity and completeness of theories
03C40 Interpolation, preservation, definability
03C45 Classification theory, stability and related concepts in model theory [See also 03C48]
03C48 Abstract elementary classes and related topics [See also 03C45]
03C50 Models with special properties (saturated, rigid, etc.)
03C52 Properties of classes of models
03C55 Set-theoretic model theory
03C57 Computable structure theory, computable model theory [See also 03D45]
03C60 Model-theoretic algebra [See also 08C10, 12Lxx, 13L05]
03C62 Models of arithmetic and set theory [See also 03Hxx]
03C64 Model theory of ordered structures; o-minimality
03C65 Models of other mathematical theories
03C66 Continuous model theory, model theory of metric structures
03C68 Other classical first-order model theory
03C70 Logic on admissible sets
03C75 Other infinitary logic
03C80 Logic with extra quantifiers and operators [See also 03B42, 03B44, 03B45, 03B48]
03C85 Second- and higher-order model theory
03C90 Nonclassical models (Boolean-valued, sheaf, etc.)
03C95 Abstract model theory
03C98 Applications of model theory [See also 03C60]
03C99 None of the above, but in this section
03Dxx Computability and recursion theory
03D03 Thue and Post systems, etc.
03D05 Automata and formal grammars in connection with logical questions [See also 68Q45, 68Q70, 68R15]
03D10 Turing machines and related notions [See also 68Q04]
03D15 Complexity of computation (including implicit computational complexity) [See also 68Q15, 68Q17]
03D20 Recursive functions and relations, subrecursive hierarchies
03D25 Recursively (computably) enumerable sets and degrees
03D28 Other Turing degree structures
03D30 Other degrees and reducibilities in computability and recursion theory
03D32 Algorithmic randomness and dimension [See also 68Q30]
03D35 Undecidability and degrees of sets of sentences
03D40 Word problems, etc. in computability and recursion theory [See also 06B25, 08A50, 20F10, 68R15]
03D45 Theory of numerations, effectively presented structures [See also 03C57] {For intuitionistic and similar approaches, see 03F55}
03D50 Recursive equivalence types of sets and structures, isols
03D55 Hierarchies of computability and definability
03D60 Computability and recursion theory on ordinals, admissible sets, etc.
03D65 Higher-type and set recursion theory
03D70 Inductive definability
03D75 Abstract and axiomatic computability and recursion theory
03D78 Computation over the reals, computable analysis {For constructive aspects, see 03F60}
03D80 Applications of computability and recursion theory
03D99 None of the above, but in this section
03Exx Set theory
03E02 Partition relations
03E04 Ordered sets and their cofinalities; pcf theory
03E05 Other combinatorial set theory
03E10 Ordinal and cardinal numbers
03E15 Descriptive set theory [See also 28A05, 54H05]
03E17 Cardinal characteristics of the continuum
03E20 Other classical set theory (including functions, relations, and set algebra)
03E25 Axiom of choice and related propositions
03E30 Axiomatics of classical set theory and its fragments
03E35 Consistency and independence results
03E40 Other aspects of forcing and Boolean-valued models
03E45 Inner models, including constructibility, ordinal definability, and core models
03E47 Other notions of set-theoretic definability
03E50 Continuum hypothesis and Martin’s axiom [See also 03E57]
03E55 Large cardinals
03E57 Generic absoluteness and forcing axioms [See also 03E50]
03E60 Determinacy principles
03E65 Other set-theoretic hypotheses and axioms
03E70 Nonclassical and second-order set theories
03E72 Theory of fuzzy sets, etc.
03E75 Applications of set theory
03E99 None of the above, but in this section
03Fxx Proof theory and constructive mathematics
03F03 Proof theory, general (including proof-theoretic semantics)
03F05 Cut-elimination and normal-form theorems
03F07 Structure of proofs
03F10 Functionals in proof theory
03F15 Recursive ordinals and ordinal notations
03F20 Complexity of proofs
03F25 Relative consistency and interpretations
03F30 First-order arithmetic and fragments
03F35 Second- and higher-order arithmetic and fragments [See also 03B30]
03F40 Gödel numberings and issues of incompleteness
03F45 Provability logics and related algebras (e.g., diagonalizable algebras) [See also 03B45, 03G25, 06E25]
03F50 Metamathematics of constructive systems
03F52 Proof-theoretic aspects of linear logic and other substructural logics [See also 03B47]
03F55 Intuitionistic mathematics
03F60 Constructive and recursive analysis [See also 03B30, 03D45, 03D78, 26E40, 46S30, 47S30]
03F65 Other constructive mathematics [See also 03D45]
03F99 None of the above, but in this section
03Gxx Algebraic logic
03G05 Logical aspects of Boolean algebras [See also 06Exx]
03G10 Logical aspects of lattices and related structures [See also 06Bxx]
03G12 Quantum logic [See also 06C15, 81P10]
03G15 Cylindric and polyadic algebras; relation algebras
03G20 Logical aspects of Lukasiewicz and Post algebras [See also 06D25, 06D30]
03G25 Other algebras related to logic [See also 03F45, 06D20, 06E25, 06F35]
03G27 Abstract algebraic logic
03G30 Categorical logic, topoi [See also 18B25, 18C05, 18C10]
03G99 None of the above, but in this section
03Hxx Nonstandard models [See also 03C62]
03H05 Nonstandard models in mathematics [See also 26E35, 28E05, 30G06, 46S20, 47S20, 54J05]
03H10 Other applications of nonstandard models (economics, physics, etc.)
03H15 Nonstandard models of arithmetic [See also 11U10, 12L15, 13L05]
03H99 None of the above, but in this section
05-XX Combinatorics {For finite fields, see 11Txx}
05-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to combinatorics
05-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to combinatorics
05-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to combinatorics
05-03 History of combinatorics [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
05-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to combinatorics
05-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to combinatorics
05-08 Computational methods for problems pertaining to combinatorics
05-11 Research data for problems pertaining to combinatorics
05Axx Enumerative combinatorics {For enumeration in graph theory, see 05C30}
05A05 Permutations, words, matrices
05A10 Factorials, binomial coefficients, combinatorial functions [See also 11B65, 33Cxx]
05A15 Exact enumeration problems, generating functions [See also 33Cxx, 33Dxx]
05A16 Asymptotic enumeration
05A17 Combinatorial aspects of partitions of integers [See also 11P81, 11P82, 11P83]
05A18 Partitions of sets
05A19 Combinatorial identities, bijective combinatorics
05A20 Combinatorial inequalities
05A30 q-calculus and related topics [See also 33Dxx]
05A40 Umbral calculus
05A99 None of the above, but in this section
05Bxx Designs and configurations {For applications of design theory, see 94C30}
05B05 Combinatorial aspects of block designs [See also 51E05, 62K10]
05B07 Triple systems
05B10 Combinatorial aspects of difference sets (number-theoretic, group-theoretic, etc.) [See also 11B13]
05B15 Orthogonal arrays, Latin squares, Room squares
05B20 Combinatorial aspects of matrices (incidence, Hadamard, etc.)
05B25 Combinatorial aspects of finite geometries [See also 51D20, 51Exx]
05B30 Other designs, configurations [See also 51E30]
05B35 Combinatorial aspects of matroids and geometric lattices [See also 52B40, 90C27]
05B40 Combinatorial aspects of packing and covering [See also 11H31, 52C15, 52C17]
05B45 Combinatorial aspects of tessellation and tiling problems [See also 52C20, 52C22]
05B50 Polyominoes
05B99 None of the above, but in this section
05Cxx Graph theory {For applications of graphs, see 68R10, 81Q30, 81T15, 82B20, 82C20, 90C35, 92E10, 94C15}
05C05 Trees
05C07 Vertex degrees [See also 05E30]
05C09 Graphical indices (Wiener index, Zagreb index, Randić index, etc.)
05C10 Planar graphs; geometric and topological aspects of graph theory [See also 57K10, 57M15]
05C12 Distance in graphs
05C15 Coloring of graphs and hypergraphs
05C17 Perfect graphs
05C20 Directed graphs (digraphs), tournaments
05C21 Flows in graphs
05C22 Signed and weighted graphs
05C25 Graphs and abstract algebra (groups, rings, fields, etc.) [See also 20F65]
05C30 Enumeration in graph theory
05C31 Graph polynomials
05C35 Extremal problems in graph theory [See also 90C35]
05C38 Paths and cycles [See also 90B10]
05C40 Connectivity
05C42 Density (toughness, etc.)
05C45 Eulerian and Hamiltonian graphs
05C48 Expander graphs
05C50 Graphs and linear algebra (matrices, eigenvalues, etc.)
05C51 Graph designs and isomorphic decomposition [See also 05B30]
05C55 Generalized Ramsey theory [See also 05D10]
05C57 Games on graphs (graph-theoretic aspects) [See also 91A43, 91A46]
05C60 Isomorphism problems in graph theory (reconstruction conjecture, etc.) and homomorphisms (subgraph embedding, etc.)
05C62 Graph representations (geometric and intersection representations, etc.) {For graph drawing, see also 68R10}
05C63 Infinite graphs
05C65 Hypergraphs
05C69 Vertex subsets with special properties (dominating sets, independent sets, cliques, etc.)
05C70 Edge subsets with special properties (factorization, matching, partitioning, covering and packing, etc.)
05C72 Fractional graph theory, fuzzy graph theory
05C75 Structural characterization of families of graphs
05C76 Graph operations (line graphs, products, etc.)
05C78 Graph labelling (graceful graphs, bandwidth, etc.)
05C80 Random graphs (graph-theoretic aspects) [See also 60B20]
05C81 Random walks on graphs
05C82 Small world graphs, complex networks (graph-theoretic aspects) [See also 90Bxx, 91D30]
05C83 Graph minors
05C85 Graph algorithms (graph-theoretic aspects) [See also 68R10, 68W05]
05C90 Applications of graph theory [See also 68R10, 81Q30, 81T15, 82B20, 82C20, 90C35, 92E10, 94C15]
05C92 Chemical graph theory [See also 92E10]
05C99 None of the above, but in this section
05Dxx Extremal combinatorics
05D05 Extremal set theory
05D10 Ramsey theory [See also 05C55]
05D15 Transversal (matching) theory
05D40 Probabilistic methods in extremal combinatorics, including polynomial methods (combinatorial Nullstellensatz, etc.)
05D99 None of the above, but in this section
05Exx Algebraic combinatorics
05E05 Symmetric functions and generalizations
05E10 Combinatorial aspects of representation theory [See also 20C30]
05E14 Combinatorial aspects of algebraic geometry [See also 14Nxx]
05E16 Combinatorial aspects of groups and algebras [See also 22E45, 33C80]
05E18 Group actions on combinatorial structures
05E30 Association schemes, strongly regular graphs
05E40 Combinatorial aspects of commutative algebra
05E45 Combinatorial aspects of simplicial complexes
05E99 None of the above, but in this section
06-XX Order, lattices, ordered algebraic structures [See also 18B35]
06-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to ordered structures
06-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to ordered structures
06-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to ordered structures
06-03 History of ordered structures [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
06-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to ordered structures
06-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to ordered structures
06-08 Computational methods for problems pertaining to ordered structures
06-11 Research data for problems pertaining to ordered structures
06Axx Ordered sets
06A05 Total orders
06A06 Partial orders, general
06A07 Combinatorics of partially ordered sets
06A11 Algebraic aspects of posets
06A12 Semilattices [See also 20M10] {For topological semilattices, see 22A26}
06A15 Galois correspondences, closure operators (in relation to ordered sets)
06A75 Generalizations of ordered sets
06A99 None of the above, but in this section
06Bxx Lattices [See also 03G10]
06B05 Structure theory of lattices
06B10 Lattice ideals, congruence relations
06B15 Representation theory of lattices
06B20 Varieties of lattices
06B23 Complete lattices, completions
06B25 Free lattices, projective lattices, word problems [See also 03D40, 08A50, 20F10]
06B30 Topological lattices [See also 06F30, 22A26, 54F05, 54H12]
06B35 Continuous lattices and posets, applications [See also 06B30, 06D10, 06F30, 18B35, 22A26, 68Q55]
06B75 Generalizations of lattices
06B99 None of the above, but in this section
06Cxx Modular lattices, complemented lattices
06C05 Modular lattices, Desarguesian lattices
06C10 Semimodular lattices, geometric lattices
06C15 Complemented lattices, orthocomplemented lattices and posets [See also 03G12, 81P10]
06C20 Complemented modular lattices, continuous geometries
06C99 None of the above, but in this section
06Dxx Distributive lattices
06D05 Structure and representation theory of distributive lattices
06D10 Complete distributivity
06D15 Pseudocomplemented lattices
06D20 Heyting algebras (lattice-theoretic aspects) [See also 03G25]
06D22 Frames, locales {For topological questions, see 54-XX}
06D25 Post algebras (lattice-theoretic aspects) [See also 03G20]
06D30 De Morgan algebras, Lukasiewicz algebras (lattice-theoretic aspects) [See also 03G20]
06D35 MV-algebras
06D50 Lattices and duality
06D72 Fuzzy lattices (soft algebras) and related topics
06D75 Other generalizations of distributive lattices
06D99 None of the above, but in this section
06Exx Boolean algebras (Boolean rings) [See also 03G05]
06E05 Structure theory of Boolean algebras
06E10 Chain conditions, complete algebras
06E15 Stone spaces (Boolean spaces) and related structures
06E20 Ring-theoretic properties of Boolean algebras [See also 16E50, 16G30]
06E25 Boolean algebras with additional operations (diagonalizable algebras, etc.) [See also 03G25, 03F45]
06E30 Boolean functions [See also 94D10]
06E75 Generalizations of Boolean algebras
06E99 None of the above, but in this section
06Fxx Ordered structures
06F05 Ordered semigroups and monoids [See also 20Mxx]
06F07 Quantales
06F10 Noether lattices
06F15 Ordered groups [See also 20F60]
06F20 Ordered abelian groups, Riesz groups, ordered linear spaces [See also 46A40]
06F25 Ordered rings, algebras, modules {For ordered fields, see 12J15} [See also 13J25, 16W80]
06F30 Ordered topological structures (aspects of ordered structures) [See also 06B30, 22A26, 54F05, 54H12]
06F35 BCK-algebras, BCI-algebras (aspects of ordered structures) [See also 03G25]
06F99 None of the above, but in this section
08-XX General algebraic systems
08-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to general algebraic systems
08-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to general algebraic systems
08-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to general algebraic systems
08-03 History of general algebraic systems [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
08-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to general algebraic systems
08-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to general algebraic systems
08-08 Computational methods for problems pertaining to general algebraic systems
08-11 Research data for problems pertaining to general algebraic systems
08Axx Algebraic structures [See also 03C05]
08A02 Relational systems, laws of composition
08A05 Structure theory of algebraic structures
08A30 Subalgebras, congruence relations
08A35 Automorphisms and endomorphisms of algebraic structures
08A40 Operations and polynomials in algebraic structures, primal algebras
08A45 Equational compactness
08A50 Word problems (aspects of algebraic structures) [See also 03D40, 06B25, 20F10, 68R15]
08A55 Partial algebras
08A60 Unary algebras
08A62 Finitary algebras
08A65 Infinitary algebras
08A68 Heterogeneous algebras
08A70 Applications of universal algebra in computer science
08A72 Fuzzy algebraic structures
08A99 None of the above, but in this section
08Bxx Varieties [See also 03C05]
08B05 Equational logic, Mal’tsev conditions
08B10 Congruence modularity, congruence distributivity
08B15 Lattices of varieties
08B20 Free algebras
08B25 Products, amalgamated products, and other kinds of limits and colimits [See also 18A30]
08B26 Subdirect products and subdirect irreducibility
08B30 Injectives, projectives
08B99 None of the above, but in this section
08Cxx Other classes of algebras
08C05 Categories of algebras [See also 18C05]
08C10 Axiomatic model classes [See also 03Cxx, in particular 03C60]
08C15 Quasivarieties
08C20 Natural dualities for classes of algebras [See also 06E15, 18A40, 22A30]
08C99 None of the above, but in this section
11-XX Number theory
11-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to number theory
11-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to number theory
11-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to number theory
11-03 History of number theory [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
11-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to number theory
11-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to number theory
11-11 Research data for problems pertaining to number theory
11Axx Elementary number theory {For analogues in number fields, see 11R04}
11A05 Multiplicative structure; Euclidean algorithm; greatest common divisors
11A07 Congruences; primitive roots; residue systems
11A15 Power residues, reciprocity
11A25 Arithmetic functions; related numbers; inversion formulas
11A41 Primes
11A51 Factorization; primality
11A55 Continued fractions {For approximation results, see 11J70} [See also 11K50, 30B70, 40A15]
11A63 Radix representation; digital problems {For metric results, see 11K16}
11A67 Other number representations
11A99 None of the above, but in this section
11Bxx Sequences and sets
11B05 Density, gaps, topology
11B13 Additive bases, including sumsets [See also 05B10]
11B25 Arithmetic progressions [See also 11N13]
11B30 Arithmetic combinatorics; higher degree uniformity
11B34 Representation functions
11B37 Recurrences {For applications to special functions, see 33-XX}
11B39 Fibonacci and Lucas numbers and polynomials and generalizations
11B50 Sequences (mod m)
11B57 Farey sequences; the sequences 1k , 2k , . . .
11B65 Binomial coefficients; factorials; q-identities [See also 05A10, 05A30]
11B68 Bernoulli and Euler numbers and polynomials
11B73 Bell and Stirling numbers
11B75 Other combinatorial number theory
11B83 Special sequences and polynomials
11B85 Automata sequences
11B99 None of the above, but in this section
11Cxx Polynomials and matrices
11C08 Polynomials in number theory [See also 13F20]
11C20 Matrices, determinants in number theory [See also 15B36]
11C99 None of the above, but in this section
11Dxx Diophantine equations [See also 11Gxx, 14Gxx]
11D04 Linear Diophantine equations
11D07 The Frobenius problem
11D09 Quadratic and bilinear Diophantine equations
11D25 Cubic and quartic Diophantine equations
11D41 Higher degree equations; Fermat’s equation
11D45 Counting solutions of Diophantine equations
11D57 Multiplicative and norm form equations
11D59 Thue-Mahler equations
11D61 Exponential Diophantine equations
11D68 Rational numbers as sums of fractions
11D72 Diophantine equations in many variables [See also 11P55]
11D75 Diophantine inequalities [See also 11J25]
11D79 Congruences in many variables
11D85 Representation problems [See also 11P55]
11D88 p-adic and power series fields
11D99 None of the above, but in this section
11Exx Forms and linear algebraic groups [See also 19Gxx] {For quadratic forms in linear algebra, see 15A63}
11E04 Quadratic forms over general fields
11E08 Quadratic forms over local rings and fields
11E10 Forms over real fields
11E12 Quadratic forms over global rings and fields
11E16 General binary quadratic forms
11E20 General ternary and quaternary quadratic forms; forms of more than two variables
11E25 Sums of squares and representations by other particular quadratic forms
11E39 Bilinear and Hermitian forms
11E41 Class numbers of quadratic and Hermitian forms
11E45 Analytic theory (Epstein zeta functions; relations with automorphic forms and functions)
11E57 Classical groups [See also 14Lxx, 20Gxx]
11E70 K-theory of quadratic and Hermitian forms
11E72 Galois cohomology of linear algebraic groups [See also 20G10]
11E76 Forms of degree higher than two
11E81 Algebraic theory of quadratic forms; Witt groups and rings [See also 19G12, 19G24]
11E88 Quadratic spaces; Clifford algebras [See also 15A63, 15A66]
11E95 p-adic theory
11E99 None of the above, but in this section
11Fxx Discontinuous groups and automorphic forms [See also 11R39, 11S37, 14Gxx, 14Kxx, 22E50, 22E55, 30F35, 32Nxx] {For relations with quadratic forms, see 11E45}
11F03 Modular and automorphic functions
11F06 Structure of modular groups and generalizations; arithmetic groups [See also 20H05, 20H10, 22E40]
11F11 Holomorphic modular forms of integral weight
11F12 Automorphic forms, one variable
11F20 Dedekind eta function, Dedekind sums
11F22 Relationship to Lie algebras and finite simple groups
11F23 Relations with algebraic geometry and topology
11F25 Hecke-Petersson operators, differential operators (one variable)
11F27 Theta series; Weil representation; theta correspondences
11F30 Fourier coefficients of automorphic forms
11F32 Modular correspondences, etc.
11F33 Congruences for modular and p-adic modular forms [See also 14G20, 22E50]
11F37 Forms of half-integer weight; nonholomorphic modular forms
11F41 Automorphic forms on GL(2); Hilbert and Hilbert-Siegel modular groups and their modular and automorphic forms; Hilbert modular surfaces [See also 14J20]
11F46 Siegel modular groups; Siegel and Hilbert-Siegel modular and automorphic forms
11F50 Jacobi forms
11F52 Modular forms associated to Drinfel’d modules
11F55 Other groups and their modular and automorphic forms (several variables)
11F60 Hecke-Petersson operators, differential operators (several variables)
11F66 Langlands L-functions; one variable Dirichlet series and functional equations
11F67 Special values of automorphic L-series, periods of automorphic forms, cohomology, modular symbols
11F68 Dirichlet series in several complex variables associated to automorphic forms; Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series
11F70 Representation-theoretic methods; automorphic representations over local and global fields
11F72 Spectral theory; trace formulas (e.g., that of Selberg)
11F75 Cohomology of arithmetic groups
11F77 Automorphic forms and their relations with perfectoid spaces [See also 14G45]
11F80 Galois representations
11F85 p-adic theory, local fields [See also 14G20, 22E50]
11F99 None of the above, but in this section
11Gxx Arithmetic algebraic geometry (Diophantine geometry) [See also 11Dxx, 14Gxx, 14Kxx]
11G05 Elliptic curves over global fields [See also 14H52]
11G07 Elliptic curves over local fields [See also 14G20, 14H52]
11G09 Drinfel’d modules; higher-dimensional motives, etc. [See also 14L05]
11G10 Abelian varieties of dimension > 1 [See also 14Kxx]
11G15 Complex multiplication and moduli of abelian varieties [See also 14K22]
11G16 Elliptic and modular units [See also 11R27]
11G18 Arithmetic aspects of modular and Shimura varieties [See also 14G35]
11G20 Curves over finite and local fields [See also 14H25]
11G25 Varieties over finite and local fields [See also 14G15, 14G20]
11G30 Curves of arbitrary genus or genus 6= 1 over global fields [See also 14H25]
11G32 Arithmetic aspects of dessins d’enfants, Belyĭ theory
11G35 Varieties over global fields [See also 14G25]
11G40 L-functions of varieties over global fields; Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture [See also 14G10]
11G42 Arithmetic mirror symmetry [See also 14J33]
11G45 Geometric class field theory [See also 11R37, 14C35, 19F05]
11G50 Heights [See also 14G40, 37P30]
11G55 Polylogarithms and relations with K-theory
11G99 None of the above, but in this section
11Hxx Geometry of numbers {For applications in coding theory, see 94B75}
11H06 Lattices and convex bodies (number-theoretic aspects) [See also 11P21, 52C05, 52C07]
11H16 Nonconvex bodies
11H31 Lattice packing and covering (number-theoretic aspects) [See also 05B40, 52C15, 52C17]
11H46 Products of linear forms
11H50 Minima of forms
11H55 Quadratic forms (reduction theory, extreme forms, etc.)
11H56 Automorphism groups of lattices
11H60 Mean value and transfer theorems
11H71 Relations with coding theory
11H99 None of the above, but in this section
11Jxx Diophantine approximation, transcendental number theory [See also 11K60]
11J04 Homogeneous approximation to one number
11J06 Markov and Lagrange spectra and generalizations
11J13 Simultaneous homogeneous approximation, linear forms
11J17 Approximation by numbers from a fixed field
11J20 Inhomogeneous linear forms
11J25 Diophantine inequalities [See also 11D75]
11J54 Small fractional parts of polynomials and generalizations
11J61 Approximation in non-Archimedean valuations
11J68 Approximation to algebraic numbers
11J70 Continued fractions and generalizations [See also 11A55, 11K50]
11J71 Distribution modulo one [See also 11K06]
11J72 Irrationality; linear independence over a field
11J81 Transcendence (general theory)
11J82 Measures of irrationality and of transcendence
11J83 Metric theory
11J85 Algebraic independence; Gel’fond’s method
11J86 Linear forms in logarithms; Baker’s method
11J87 Schmidt Subspace Theorem and applications
11J89 Transcendence theory of elliptic and abelian functions
11J91 Transcendence theory of other special functions
11J93 Transcendence theory of Drinfel’d and t-modules
11J95 Results involving abelian varieties
11J97 Number-theoretic analogues of methods in Nevanlinna theory (work of Vojta et al.)
11J99 None of the above, but in this section
11Kxx Probabilistic theory: distribution modulo 1; metric theory of algorithms
11K06 General theory of distribution modulo 1 [See also 11J71]
11K16 Normal numbers, radix expansions, Pisot numbers, Salem numbers, good lattice points, etc. [See also 11A63]
11K31 Special sequences
11K36 Well-distributed sequences and other variations
11K38 Irregularities of distribution, discrepancy [See also 11Nxx]
11K41 Continuous, p-adic and abstract analogues
11K45 Pseudo-random numbers; Monte Carlo methods [See also 65C05, 65C10]
11K50 Metric theory of continued fractions [See also 11A55, 11J70]
11K55 Metric theory of other algorithms and expansions; measure and Hausdorff dimension [See also 11N99, 28Dxx]
11K60 Diophantine approximation in probabilistic number theory [See also 11Jxx]
11K65 Arithmetic functions in probabilistic number theory [See also 11Nxx]
11K70 Harmonic analysis and almost periodicity in probabilistic number theory
11K99 None of the above, but in this section
11Lxx Exponential sums and character sums {For finite fields, see 11Txx}
11L03 Trigonometric and exponential sums, general
11L05 Gauss and Kloosterman sums; generalizations
11L07 Estimates on exponential sums
11L10 Jacobsthal and Brewer sums; other complete character sums
11L15 Weyl sums
11L20 Sums over primes
11L26 Sums over arbitrary intervals
11L40 Estimates on character sums
11L99 None of the above, but in this section
11Mxx Zeta and L-functions: analytic theory
11M06 ζ(s) and L(s, χ)
11M20 Real zeros of L(s, χ); results on L(1, χ)
11M26 Nonreal zeros of ζ(s) and L(s, χ); Riemann and other hypotheses
11M32 Multiple Dirichlet series and zeta functions and multizeta values
11M35 Hurwitz and Lerch zeta functions
11M36 Selberg zeta functions and regularized determinants; applications to spectral theory, Dirichlet series, Eisenstein series, etc. (explicit formulas)
11M38 Zeta and L-functions in characteristic p
11M41 Other Dirichlet series and zeta functions {For local and global ground fields, see 11R42, 11R52, 11S40, 11S45; for algebro-geometric methods, see 14G10} [See also 11E45, 11F66, 11F70, 11F72]
11M45 Tauberian theorems [See also 40E05]
11M50 Relations with random matrices
11M55 Relations with noncommutative geometry
11M99 None of the above, but in this section
11Nxx Multiplicative number theory
11N05 Distribution of primes
11N13 Primes in congruence classes
11N25 Distribution of integers with specified multiplicative constraints
11N30 Turán theory [See also 30Bxx]
11N32 Primes represented by polynomials; other multiplicative structures of polynomial values
11N35 Sieves
11N36 Applications of sieve methods
11N37 Asymptotic results on arithmetic functions
11N45 Asymptotic results on counting functions for algebraic and topological structures
11N56 Rate of growth of arithmetic functions
11N60 Distribution functions associated with additive and positive multiplicative functions
11N64 Other results on the distribution of values or the characterization of arithmetic functions
11N69 Distribution of integers in special residue classes
11N75 Applications of automorphic functions and forms to multiplicative problems [See also 11Fxx]
11N80 Generalized primes and integers
11N99 None of the above, but in this section
11Pxx Additive number theory; partitions
11P05 Waring’s problem and variants
11P21 Lattice points in specified regions
11P32 Goldbach-type theorems; other additive questions involving primes
11P55 Applications of the Hardy-Littlewood method [See also 11D85]
11P70 Inverse problems of additive number theory, including sumsets
11P81 Elementary theory of partitions [See also 05A17]
11P82 Analytic theory of partitions
11P83 Partitions; congruences and congruential restrictions
11P84 Partition identities; identities of Rogers-Ramanujan type
11P99 None of the above, but in this section
11Rxx Algebraic number theory: global fields {For complex multiplication, see 11G15}
11R04 Algebraic numbers; rings of algebraic integers
11R06 PV-numbers and generalizations; other special algebraic numbers; Mahler measure
11R09 Polynomials (irreducibility, etc.)
11R11 Quadratic extensions
11R16 Cubic and quartic extensions
11R18 Cyclotomic extensions
11R20 Other abelian and metabelian extensions
11R21 Other number fields
11R23 Iwasawa theory
11R27 Units and factorization
11R29 Class numbers, class groups, discriminants
11R32 Galois theory
11R33 Integral representations related to algebraic numbers; Galois module structure of rings of integers [See also 20C10]
11R34 Galois cohomology [See also 12Gxx, 19A31]
11R37 Class field theory
11R39 Langlands-Weil conjectures, nonabelian class field theory [See also 11Fxx, 22E55]
11R42 Zeta functions and L-functions of number fields [See also 11M41, 19F27]
11R44 Distribution of prime ideals [See also 11N05]
11R45 Density theorems
11R47 Other analytic theory [See also 11Nxx]
11R52 Quaternion and other division algebras: arithmetic, zeta functions
11R54 Other algebras and orders, and their zeta and L-functions [See also 11S45, 16Hxx, 16Kxx]
11R56 Adèle rings and groups
11R58 Arithmetic theory of algebraic function fields [See also 14-XX]
11R59 Zeta functions and L-functions of function fields
11R60 Cyclotomic function fields (class groups, Bernoulli objects, etc.)
11R65 Class groups and Picard groups of orders
11R70 K-theory of global fields [See also 19Fxx]
11R80 Totally real fields [See also 12J15]
11R99 None of the above, but in this section
11Sxx Algebraic number theory: local and p-adic fields
11S05 Polynomials
11S15 Ramification and extension theory
11S20 Galois theory
11S23 Integral representations
11S25 Galois cohomology [See also 12Gxx, 16H05]
11S31 Class field theory; p-adic formal groups [See also 14L05]
11S37 Langlands-Weil conjectures, nonabelian class field theory [See also 11Fxx, 22E50]
11S40 Zeta functions and L-functions [See also 11M41, 19F27]
11S45 Algebras and orders, and their zeta functions [See also 11R52, 11R54, 16Hxx, 16Kxx]
11S70 K-theory of local fields [See also 19Fxx]
11S80 Other analytic theory (analogues of beta and gamma functions, p-adic integration, etc.)
11S82 Non-Archimedean dynamical systems [See mainly 37Pxx]
11S85 Other nonanalytic theory
11S90 Prehomogeneous vector spaces
11S99 None of the above, but in this section
11Txx Finite fields and commutative rings (number-theoretic aspects)
11T06 Polynomials over finite fields
11T22 Cyclotomy
11T23 Exponential sums
11T24 Other character sums and Gauss sums
11T30 Structure theory for finite fields and commutative rings, number-theoretic aspects
11T55 Arithmetic theory of polynomial rings over finite fields
11T60 Finite upper half-planes
11T71 Algebraic coding theory; cryptography (number-theoretic aspects)
11T99 None of the above, but in this section
11Uxx Connections of number theory and logic
11U05 Decidability (number-theoretic aspects) [See also 03B25]
11U07 Ultraproducts (number-theoretic aspects) [See also 03C20]
11U09 Model theory (number-theoretic aspects) [See also 03Cxx]
11U10 Nonstandard arithmetic (number-theoretic aspects) [See also 03H15]
11U99 None of the above, but in this section
11Yxx Computational number theory {For software etc., see 11-04}
11Y05 Factorization
11Y11 Primality
11Y16 Number-theoretic algorithms; complexity [See also 68Q25]
11Y35 Analytic computations
11Y40 Algebraic number theory computations
11Y50 Computer solution of Diophantine equations
11Y55 Calculation of integer sequences
11Y60 Evaluation of number-theoretic constants
11Y65 Continued fraction calculations (number-theoretic aspects)
11Y70 Values of arithmetic functions; tables
11Y99 None of the above, but in this section
11Zxx Miscellaneous applications of number theory
11Z05 Miscellaneous applications of number theory
11Z99 None of the above, but in this section
12-XX Field theory and polynomials
12-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to field theory
12-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to field theory
12-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to field theory
12-03 History of field theory [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
12-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to field theory
12-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to field theory
12-08 Computational methods for problems pertaining to field theory
12-11 Research data for problems pertaining to field theory
12Dxx Real and complex fields
12D05 Polynomials in real and complex fields: factorization
12D10 Polynomials in real and complex fields: location of zeros (algebraic theorems) {For the analytic theory, see 26C10, 30C15}
12D15 Fields related with sums of squares (formally real fields, Pythagorean fields, etc.) [See also 11Exx]
12D99 None of the above, but in this section
12Exx General field theory
12E05 Polynomials in general fields (irreducibility, etc.)
12E10 Special polynomials in general fields
12E12 Equations in general fields
12E15 Skew fields, division rings [See also 11R52, 11R54, 11S45, 16Kxx]
12E20 Finite fields (field-theoretic aspects)
12E25 Hilbertian fields; Hilbert’s irreducibility theorem
12E30 Field arithmetic
12E99 None of the above, but in this section
12Fxx Field extensions
12F05 Algebraic field extensions
12F10 Separable extensions, Galois theory
12F12 Inverse Galois theory
12F15 Inseparable field extensions
12F20 Transcendental field extensions
12F99 None of the above, but in this section
12Gxx Homological methods (field theory)
12G05 Galois cohomology [See also 14F22, 16Hxx, 16K50]
12G10 Cohomological dimension of fields
12G99 None of the above, but in this section
12Hxx Differential and difference algebra
12H05 Differential algebra [See also 13Nxx]
12H10 Difference algebra [See also 39Axx]
12H20 Abstract differential equations [See also 34Mxx]
12H25 p-adic differential equations [See also 11S80, 14G20]
12H99 None of the above, but in this section
12Jxx Topological fields
12J05 Normed fields
12J10 Valued fields
12J12 Formally p-adic fields
12J15 Ordered fields
12J17 Topological semifields
12J20 General valuation theory for fields [See also 13A18]
12J25 Non-Archimedean valued fields [See also 30G06, 32P05, 46S10, 47S10]
12J27 Krasner-Tate algebras [See mainly 32P05; see also 46S10, 47S10]
12J99 None of the above, but in this section
12Kxx Generalizations of fields
12K05 Near-fields [See also 16Y30]
12K10 Semifields [See also 16Y60]
12K99 None of the above, but in this section
12Lxx Connections between field theory and logic
12L05 Decidability and field theory [See also 03B25]
12L10 Ultraproducts and field theory [See also 03C20]
12L12 Model theory of fields [See also 03C60]
12L15 Nonstandard arithmetic and field theory [See also 03H15]
12L99 None of the above, but in this section
13-XX Commutative algebra
13-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to commutative algebra
13-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to commutative algebra
13-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to commutative algebra
13-03 History of commutative algebra [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
13-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to commutative algebra
13-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to commutative algebra
13-11 Research data for problems pertaining to commutative algebra
13Axx General commutative ring theory
13A02 Graded rings [See also 16W50]
13A05 Divisibility and factorizations in commutative rings [See also 13F15]
13A15 Ideals and multiplicative ideal theory in commutative rings
13A18 Valuations and their generalizations for commutative rings [See also 12J20]
13A30 Associated graded rings of ideals (Rees ring, form ring), analytic spread and related topics
13A35 Characteristic p methods (Frobenius endomorphism) and reduction to characteristic p; tight closure [See also 13B22]
13A50 Actions of groups on commutative rings; invariant theory [See also 14L24]
13A70 General commutative ring theory and combinatorics (zero-divisor graphs, annihilating-ideal graphs, etc.) [See also 05C25, 05E40]
13A99 None of the above, but in this section
13Bxx Commutative ring extensions and related topics
13B02 Extension theory of commutative rings
13B05 Galois theory and commutative ring extensions
13B10 Morphisms of commutative rings
13B21 Integral dependence in commutative rings; going up, going down
13B22 Integral closure of commutative rings and ideals [See also 13A35]; integrally closed rings, related rings (Japanese, etc.)
13B25 Polynomials over commutative rings [See also 11C08, 11T06, 13F20, 13M10]
13B30 Rings of fractions and localization for commutative rings [See also 16S85]
13B35 Completion of commutative rings [See also 13J10]
13B40 Étale and flat extensions; Henselization; Artin approximation [See also 13J15, 14B12, 14B25]
13B99 None of the above, but in this section
13Cxx Theory of modules and ideals in commutative rings
13C05 Structure, classification theorems for modules and ideals in commutative rings
13C10 Projective and free modules and ideals in commutative rings [See also 19A13]
13C11 Injective and flat modules and ideals in commutative rings
13C12 Torsion modules and ideals in commutative rings
13C13 Other special types of modules and ideals in commutative rings
13C14 Cohen-Macaulay modules [See also 13H10]
13C15 Dimension theory, depth, related commutative rings (catenary, etc.)
13C20 Class groups [See also 11R29]
13C40 Linkage, complete intersections and determinantal ideals [See also 14M06, 14M10, 14M12]
13C60 Module categories and commutative rings
13C70 Theory of modules and ideals in commutative rings described by combinatorial properties [See also 05C25, 05E40]
13C99 None of the above, but in this section
13Dxx Homological methods in commutative ring theory {For noncommutative rings, see 16Exx; for general categories, see 18Gxx}
13D02 Syzygies, resolutions, complexes and commutative rings
13D03 (Co)homology of commutative rings and algebras (e.g., Hochschild, André-Quillen, cyclic, dihedral, etc.)
13D05 Homological dimension and commutative rings
13D07 Homological functors on modules of commutative rings (Tor, Ext, etc.)
13D09 Derived categories and commutative rings
13D10 Deformations and infinitesimal methods in commutative ring theory [See also 14B10, 14B12, 14D15, 32Gxx]
13D15 Grothendieck groups, K-theory and commutative rings [See also 14C35, 18F30, 19Axx, 19D50]
13D22 Homological conjectures (intersection theorems) in commutative ring theory
13D30 Torsion theory for commutative rings [See also 13C12, 18E40]
13D40 Hilbert-Samuel and Hilbert-Kunz functions; Poincaré series
13D45 Local cohomology and commutative rings [See also 14B15]
13D99 None of the above, but in this section
13Exx Chain conditions, finiteness conditions in commutative ring theory
13E05 Commutative Noetherian rings and modules
13E10 Commutative Artinian rings and modules, finite-dimensional algebras
13E15 Commutative rings and modules of finite generation or presentation; number of generators
13E99 None of the above, but in this section
13Fxx Arithmetic rings and other special commutative rings
13F05 Dedekind, Prüfer, Krull and Mori rings and their generalizations
13F07 Euclidean rings and generalizations
13F10 Principal ideal rings
13F15 Commutative rings defined by factorization properties (e.g., atomic, factorial, half-factorial) [See also 13A05, 14M05]
13F20 Polynomial rings and ideals; rings of integer-valued polynomials [See also 11C08, 13B25]
13F25 Formal power series rings [See also 13J05]
13F30 Valuation rings [See also 13A18]
13F35 Witt vectors and related rings
13F40 Excellent rings
13F45 Seminormal rings
13F50 Rings with straightening laws, Hodge algebras
13F55 Commutative rings defined by monomial ideals; Stanley-Reisner face rings; simplicial complexes [See also 55U10]
13F60 Cluster algebras
13F65 Commutative rings defined by binomial ideals, toric rings, etc. [See also 14M25]
13F70 Other commutative rings defined by combinatorial properties
13F99 None of the above, but in this section
13Gxx Integral domains
13G05 Integral domains
13G99 None of the above, but in this section
13Hxx Local rings and semilocal rings
13H05 Regular local rings
13H10 Special types (Cohen-Macaulay, Gorenstein, Buchsbaum, etc.) [See also 14M05]
13H15 Multiplicity theory and related topics [See also 14C17]
13H99 None of the above, but in this section
13Jxx Topological rings and modules [See also 16W60, 16W80]
13J05 Power series rings [See also 13F25]
13J07 Analytical algebras and rings [See also 32B05]
13J10 Complete rings, completion [See also 13B35]
13J15 Henselian rings [See also 13B40]
13J20 Global topological rings
13J25 Ordered rings [See also 06F25]
13J30 Real algebra [See also 12D15, 14Pxx]
13J99 None of the above, but in this section
13Lxx Applications of logic to commutative algebra [See also 03Cxx, 03Hxx]
13L05 Applications of logic to commutative algebra [See also 03Cxx, 03Hxx]
13L99 None of the above, but in this section
13Mxx Finite commutative rings {For number-theoretic aspects, see 11Txx}
13M05 Structure of finite commutative rings
13M10 Polynomials and finite commutative rings
13M99 None of the above, but in this section
13Nxx Differential algebra [See also 12H05, 14F10]
13N05 Modules of differentials
13N10 Commutative rings of differential operators and their modules [See also 16S32, 32C38]
13N15 Derivations and commutative rings
13N99 None of the above, but in this section
13Pxx Computational aspects and applications of commutative rings [See also 14Qxx, 68W30] {For software etc., see 13-04}
13P05 Polynomials, factorization in commutative rings [See also 12-08]
13P10 Gröbner bases; other bases for ideals and modules (e.g., Janet and border bases)
13P15 Solving polynomial systems; resultants
13P20 Computational homological algebra [See also 13Dxx]
13P25 Applications of commutative algebra (e.g., to statistics, control theory, optimization, etc.)
13P99 None of the above, but in this section
14-XX Algebraic geometry
14-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to algebraic geometry
14-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to algebraic geometry
14-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to algebraic geometry
14-03 History of algebraic geometry [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
14-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to algebraic geometry
14-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to algebraic geometry
14-11 Research data for problems pertaining to algebraic geometry
14Axx Foundations of algebraic geometry
14A05 Relevant commutative algebra [See also 13-XX]
14A10 Varieties and morphisms
14A15 Schemes and morphisms
14A20 Generalizations (algebraic spaces, stacks)
14A21 Logarithmic algebraic geometry, log schemes
14A22 Noncommutative algebraic geometry [See also 16S38]
14A23 Geometry over the field with one element
14A25 Elementary questions in algebraic geometry
14A30 Fundamental constructions in algebraic geometry involving higher and derived categories (homotopical algebraic geometry, derived algebraic geometry, etc.) {For categorical aspects, see 18Fxx, 18Gxx}
14A99 None of the above, but in this section
14Bxx Local theory in algebraic geometry
14B05 Singularities in algebraic geometry [See also 14E15, 14H20, 14J17, 32Sxx, 58Kxx]
14B07 Deformations of singularities [See also 14D15, 32S30]
14B10 Infinitesimal methods in algebraic geometry [See also 13D10]
14B12 Local deformation theory, Artin approximation, etc. [See also 13B40, 13D10]
14B15 Local cohomology and algebraic geometry [See also 13D45, 32C36]
14B20 Formal neighborhoods in algebraic geometry
14B25 Local structure of morphisms in algebraic geometry: étale, flat, etc. [See also 13B40]
14B99 None of the above, but in this section
14Cxx Cycles and subschemes
14C05 Parametrization (Chow and Hilbert schemes)
14C15 (Equivariant) Chow groups and rings; motives
14C17 Intersection theory, characteristic classes, intersection multiplicities in algebraic geometry [See also 13H15]
14C20 Divisors, linear systems, invertible sheaves
14C21 Pencils, nets, webs in algebraic geometry [See also 53A60]
14C22 Picard groups
14C25 Algebraic cycles
14C30 Transcendental methods, Hodge theory (algebro-geometric aspects) [See also 14D07, 32G20, 32J25, 32S35], Hodge conjecture
14C34 Torelli problem [See also 32G20]
14C35 Applications of methods of algebraic K-theory in algebraic geometry [See also 19Exx]
14C40 Riemann-Roch theorems [See also 19E20, 19L10]
14C99 None of the above, but in this section
14Dxx Families, fibrations in algebraic geometry
14D05 Structure of families (Picard-Lefschetz, monodromy, etc.)
14D06 Fibrations, degenerations in algebraic geometry
14D07 Variation of Hodge structures (algebro-geometric aspects) [See also 32G20]
14D10 Arithmetic ground fields (finite, local, global) and families or fibrations
14D15 Formal methods and deformations in algebraic geometry [See also 13D10, 14B07, 32Gxx]
14D20 Algebraic moduli problems, moduli of vector bundles {For analytic moduli problems, see 32G13}
14D21 Applications of vector bundles and moduli spaces in mathematical physics (twistor theory, instantons, quantum field theory) [See also 32L25, 81Txx]
14D22 Fine and coarse moduli spaces
14D23 Stacks and moduli problems
14D24 Geometric Langlands program (algebro-geometric aspects) [See also 22E57]
14D99 None of the above, but in this section
14Exx Birational geometry
14E05 Rational and birational maps
14E07 Birational automorphisms, Cremona group and generalizations
14E08 Rationality questions in algebraic geometry [See also 14M20]
14E15 Global theory and resolution of singularities (algebro-geometric aspects) [See also 14B05, 32S20, 32S45]
14E16 McKay correspondence
14E18 Arcs and motivic integration
14E20 Coverings in algebraic geometry [See also 14H30]
14E22 Ramification problems in algebraic geometry [See also 11S15]
14E25 Embeddings in algebraic geometry
14E30 Minimal model program (Mori theory, extremal rays)
14E99 None of the above, but in this section
14Fxx (Co)homology theory in algebraic geometry [See also 13Dxx]
14F06 Sheaves in algebraic geometry [See also 14F07, 14H60, 14J60, 18F20, 32Lxx, 46M20]
14F07 Derived categories of sheaves, dg categories, and related constructions in algebraic geometry [See also 14A30, 14F06, 18Gxx]
14F10 Differentials and other special sheaves; D-modules; Bernstein-Sato ideals and polynomials [See also 13Nxx, 32C38]
14F17 Vanishing theorems in algebraic geometry [See also 32L20]
14F18 Multiplier ideals
14F20 Étale and other Grothendieck topologies and (co)homologies
14F22 Brauer groups of schemes [See also 12G05, 16K50]
14F25 Classical real and complex (co)homology in algebraic geometry
14F30 p-adic cohomology, crystalline cohomology
14F35 Homotopy theory and fundamental groups in algebraic geometry [See also 14H30]
14F40 de Rham cohomology and algebraic geometry [See also 14C30, 32C35, 32L10]
14F42 Motivic cohomology; motivic homotopy theory [See also 19E15]
14F43 Other algebro-geometric (co)homologies (e.g., intersection, equivariant, Lawson, Deligne (co)homologies)
14F45 Topological properties in algebraic geometry
14F99 None of the above, but in this section
14Gxx Arithmetic problems in algebraic geometry; Diophantine geometry [See also 11Dxx, 11Gxx]
14G05 Rational points
14G10 Zeta functions and related questions in algebraic geometry (e.g., Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture) [See also 11G40]
14G12 Hasse principle, weak and strong approximation, Brauer-Manin obstruction [See also 14F22]
14G15 Finite ground fields in algebraic geometry
14G17 Positive characteristic ground fields in algebraic geometry
14G20 Local ground fields in algebraic geometry
14G22 Rigid analytic geometry
14G25 Global ground fields in algebraic geometry
14G27 Other nonalgebraically closed ground fields in algebraic geometry
14G32 Universal profinite groups (relationship to moduli spaces, projective and moduli towers, Galois theory)
14G35 Modular and Shimura varieties [See also 11F41, 11F46, 11G18]
14G40 Arithmetic varieties and schemes; Arakelov theory; heights [See also 11G50, 37P30]
14G45 Perfectoid spaces and mixed characteristic
14G50 Applications to coding theory and cryptography of arithmetic geometry [See also 94A60, 94B27, 94B40]
14G99 None of the above, but in this section
14Hxx Curves in algebraic geometry
14H05 Algebraic functions and function fields in algebraic geometry [See also 11R58]
14H10 Families, moduli of curves (algebraic)
14H15 Families, moduli of curves (analytic) [See also 30F10, 32G15]
14H20 Singularities of curves, local rings [See also 13Hxx, 14B05]
14H25 Arithmetic ground fields for curves [See also 11Dxx, 11G05, 14Gxx]
14H30 Coverings of curves, fundamental group [See also 14E20, 14F35]
14H37 Automorphisms of curves
14H40 Jacobians, Prym varieties [See also 32G20]
14H42 Theta functions and curves; Schottky problem [See also 14K25, 32G20]
14H45 Special algebraic curves and curves of low genus
14H50 Plane and space curves
14H51 Special divisors on curves (gonality, Brill-Noether theory)
14H52 Elliptic curves [See also 11G05, 11G07, 14Kxx]
14H55 Riemann surfaces; Weierstrass points; gap sequences [See also 30Fxx]
14H57 Dessins d’enfants theory {For arithmetic aspects, see 11G32}
14H60 Vector bundles on curves and their moduli [See also 14D20, 14F06, 14J60]
14H70 Relationships between algebraic curves and integrable systems
14H81 Relationships between algebraic curves and physics
14H99 None of the above, but in this section
14Jxx Surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties {For analytic theory, see 32Jxx}
14J10 Families, moduli, classification: algebraic theory
14J15 Moduli, classification: analytic theory; relations with modular forms [See also 32G13]
14J17 Singularities of surfaces or higher-dimensional varieties [See also 14B05, 14E15, 32S05, 32S25]
14J20 Arithmetic ground fields for surfaces or higher-dimensional varieties [See also 11Dxx, 11G25, 11G35, 14Gxx]
14J25 Special surfaces {For Hilbert modular surfaces, see 14G35}
14J26 Rational and ruled surfaces
14J27 Elliptic surfaces, elliptic or Calabi-Yau fibrations
14J28 K3 surfaces and Enriques surfaces
14J29 Surfaces of general type
14J30 3-folds
14J32 Calabi-Yau manifolds (algebro-geometric aspects) [See also 32Q25]
14J33 Mirror symmetry (algebro-geometric aspects) [See also 11G42, 53D37]
14J35 4-folds
14J40 n-folds (n > 4)
14J42 Holomorphic symplectic varieties, hyper-Kähler varieties
14J45 Fano varieties
14J50 Automorphisms of surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties
14J60 Vector bundles on surfaces and higher-dimensional varieties, and their moduli [See also 14D20, 14F06, 14H60, 32Lxx]
14J70 Hypersurfaces and algebraic geometry
14J80 Topology of surfaces (Donaldson polynomials, Seiberg-Witten invariants)
14J81 Relationships with physics
14J99 None of the above, but in this section
14Kxx Abelian varieties and schemes
14K02 Isogeny
14K05 Algebraic theory of abelian varieties
14K10 Algebraic moduli of abelian varieties, classification [See also 11G15]
14K12 Subvarieties of abelian varieties
14K15 Arithmetic ground fields for abelian varieties [See also 11Dxx, 11Fxx, 11G10, 14Gxx]
14K20 Analytic theory of abelian varieties; abelian integrals and differentials
14K22 Complex multiplication and abelian varieties [See also 11G15]
14K25 Theta functions and abelian varieties [See also 14H42]
14K30 Picard schemes, higher Jacobians [See also 14H40, 32G20]
14K99 None of the above, but in this section
14Lxx Algebraic groups {For linear algebraic groups, see 20Gxx; for Lie algebras, see 17B45}
14L05 Formal groups, p-divisible groups [See also 55N22]
14L10 Group varieties
14L15 Group schemes
14L17 Affine algebraic groups, hyperalgebra constructions [See also 17B45, 18C40]
14L24 Geometric invariant theory [See also 13A50]
14L30 Group actions on varieties or schemes (quotients) [See also 13A50, 14L24, 14M17]
14L35 Classical groups (algebro-geometric aspects) [See also 20Gxx, 51N30]
14L40 Other algebraic groups (geometric aspects)
14L99 None of the above, but in this section
14Mxx Special varieties
14M05 Varieties defined by ring conditions (factorial, Cohen-Macaulay, seminormal) [See also 13F15, 13F45, 13H10]
14M06 Linkage [See also 13C40]
14M07 Low codimension problems in algebraic geometry
14M10 Complete intersections [See also 13C40]
14M12 Determinantal varieties [See also 13C40]
14M15 Grassmannians, Schubert varieties, flag manifolds [See also 32M10, 51M35]
14M17 Homogeneous spaces and generalizations [See also 32M10, 53C30, 57T15]
14M20 Rational and unirational varieties [See also 14E08]
14M22 Rationally connected varieties
14M25 Toric varieties, Newton polyhedra, Okounkov bodies [See also 52B20]
14M27 Compactifications; symmetric and spherical varieties
14M30 Supervarieties [See also 32C11, 58A50]
14M35 Character varieties
14M99 None of the above, but in this section
14Nxx Projective and enumerative algebraic geometry [See also 51-XX]
14N05 Projective techniques in algebraic geometry [See also 51N35]
14N07 Secant varieties, tensor rank, varieties of sums of powers
14N10 Enumerative problems (combinatorial problems) in algebraic geometry
14N15 Classical problems, Schubert calculus
14N20 Configurations and arrangements of linear subspaces
14N25 Varieties of low degree
14N30 Adjunction problems
14N35 Gromov-Witten invariants, quantum cohomology, Gopakumar-Vafa invariants, Donaldson-Thomas invariants (algebro-geometric aspects) [See also 53D45]
14N99 None of the above, but in this section
14Pxx Real algebraic and real-analytic geometry
14P05 Real algebraic sets [See also 12D15, 13J30]
14P10 Semialgebraic sets and related spaces
14P15 Real-analytic and semi-analytic sets [See also 32B20, 32C05]
14P20 Nash functions and manifolds [See also 32C07, 58A07]
14P25 Topology of real algebraic varieties
14P99 None of the above, but in this section
14Qxx Computational aspects in algebraic geometry {For software etc., see 14-04} [See also 12-08, 13Pxx, 68W30]
14Q05 Computational aspects of algebraic curves [See also 14Hxx]
14Q10 Computational aspects of algebraic surfaces [See also 14Jxx]
14Q15 Computational aspects of higher-dimensional varieties [See also 14Jxx, 14Mxx]
14Q20 Effectivity, complexity and computational aspects of algebraic geometry
14Q25 Computational algebraic geometry over arithmetic ground fields [See also 14Gxx, 14H25, 14Kxx]
14Q30 Computational real algebraic geometry [See also 14Pxx]
14Q65 Geometric aspects of numerical algebraic geometry [See also 65H14]
14Q99 None of the above, but in this section
14Rxx Affine geometry
14R05 Classification of affine varieties
14R10 Affine spaces (automorphisms, embeddings, exotic structures, cancellation problem)
14R15 Jacobian problem [See also 13F20]
14R20 Group actions on affine varieties [See also 13A50, 14L30]
14R25 Affine fibrations [See also 14D06]
14R99 None of the above, but in this section
14Txx Tropical geometry [See also 12K10, 14M25, 14N10, 52B20]
14T10 Foundations of tropical geometry and relations with algebra {For algebraic aspects, see 15A80}
14T15 Combinatorial aspects of tropical varieties
14T20 Geometric aspects of tropical varieties
14T25 Arithmetic aspects of tropical varieties
14T90 Applications of tropical geometry
14T99 None of the above, but in this section
15-XX Linear and multilinear algebra; matrix theory
15-00 General reference works (handbooks, dictionaries, bibliographies, etc.) pertaining to linear algebra
15-01 Introductory exposition (textbooks, tutorial papers, etc.) pertaining to linear algebra
15-02 Research exposition (monographs, survey articles) pertaining to linear algebra
15-03 History of linear algebra [Consider also classification numbers pertaining to Section 01]
15-04 Software, source code, etc. for problems pertaining to linear algebra
15-06 Proceedings, conferences, collections, etc. pertaining to linear algebra
15-11 Research data for problems pertaining to linear algebra
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