theory Live_True imports"HOL-Library.While_Combinator" Vars Big_Step begin
subsubsection "Analysis"
fun L :: "com \ vname set \ vname set"where "L SKIP X = X" | "L (x ::= a) X = (if x \ X then vars a \ (X - {x}) else X)" | "L (c\<^sub>1;; c\<^sub>2) X = L c\<^sub>1 (L c\<^sub>2 X)" | "L (IF b THEN c\<^sub>1 ELSE c\<^sub>2) X = vars b \ L c\<^sub>1 X \ L c\<^sub>2 X" | "L (WHILE b DO c) X = lfp(\Y. vars b \ X \ L c Y)"
lemma L_mono: "mono (L c)"
proof- have"X \ Y \ L c X \ L c Y"for X Y proof(induction c arbitrary: X Y) case (While b c) show ?case proof(simp, rule lfp_mono) fix Z show"vars b \ X \ L c Z \ vars b \ Y \ L c Z" using While by auto qed next caseIfthus ?caseby(auto simp: subset_iff) qed auto thus ?thesis by(rule monoI) qed
lemma mono_union_L: "mono (\Y. X \ L c Y)" using L_mono unfolding mono_def by (metis (no_types) order_eq_iff set_eq_subset sup_mono)
lemma L_While_unfold: "L (WHILE b DO c) X = vars b \ X \ L c (L (WHILE b DO c) X)" by(metis lfp_unfold[OF mono_union_L] L.simps(5))
lemma L_While_pfp: "L c (L (WHILE b DO c) X) \ L (WHILE b DO c) X" using L_While_unfold by blast
lemma L_While_vars: "vars b \ L (WHILE b DO c) X" using L_While_unfold by blast
lemma L_While_X: "X \ L (WHILE b DO c) X" using L_While_unfold by blast
text‹Disable ‹L WHILE› equation and reason only with‹L WHILE› constraints:› declare L.simps(5)[simp del]
subsubsection "Correctness"
theorem L_correct: "(c,s) \ s' \ s = t on L c X \ ∃ t'. (c,t) \ t' & s' = t' on X" proof (induction arbitrary: X t rule: big_step_induct) case Skip thenshow ?caseby auto next case Assign thenshow ?case by (auto simp: ball_Un) next case (Seq c1 s1 s2 c2 s3 X t1) from Seq.IH(1) Seq.prems obtain t2 where
t12: "(c1, t1) \ t2"and s2t2: "s2 = t2 on L c2 X" by simp blast from Seq.IH(2)[OF s2t2] obtain t3 where
t23: "(c2, t2) \ t3"and s3t3: "s3 = t3 on X" by auto show ?caseusing t12 t23 s3t3 by auto next case (IfTrue b s c1 s' c2) hence"s = t on vars b"and"s = t on L c1 X"by auto from bval_eq_if_eq_on_vars[OF this(1)] IfTrue(1) have"bval b t"by simp from IfTrue.IH[OF ‹s = t on L c1 X›] obtain t' where "(c1, t) \ t'""s' = t' on X"by auto thus ?caseusing‹bval b t›by auto next case (IfFalse b s c2 s' c1) hence"s = t on vars b""s = t on L c2 X"by auto from bval_eq_if_eq_on_vars[OF this(1)] IfFalse(1) have"~bval b t"by simp from IfFalse.IH[OF ‹s = t on L c2 X›] obtain t' where "(c2, t) \ t'""s' = t' on X"by auto thus ?caseusing‹~bval b t›by auto next case (WhileFalse b s c) hence"~ bval b t" by (metis L_While_vars bval_eq_if_eq_on_vars subsetD) thus ?caseusing WhileFalse.prems L_While_X[of X b c] by auto next case (WhileTrue b s1 c s2 s3 X t1) let ?w = "WHILE b DO c" from‹bval b s1› WhileTrue.prems have"bval b t1" by (metis L_While_vars bval_eq_if_eq_on_vars subsetD) have"s1 = t1 on L c (L ?w X)"using L_While_pfp WhileTrue.prems by (blast) from WhileTrue.IH(1)[OF this] obtain t2 where "(c, t1) \ t2""s2 = t2 on L ?w X"by auto from WhileTrue.IH(2)[OF this(2)] obtain t3 where"(?w,t2) \ t3""s3 = t3 on X" by auto with‹bval b t1›‹(c, t1) ==> t2›show ?caseby auto qed
subsubsection "Executability"
lemma L_subset_vars: "L c X \ rvars c \ X" proof(induction c arbitrary: X) case (While b c) have"lfp(\Y. vars b \ X \ L c Y) \ vars b \ rvars c \ X" using While.IH[of "vars b \ rvars c \ X"] by (auto intro!: lfp_lowerbound) thus ?caseby (simp add: L.simps(5)) qed auto
text‹Make 🍋‹L› executable by replacing 🍋‹lfp›with the 🍋‹while› combinator fromtheory🍋‹HOL-Library.While_Combinator›. The 🍋‹while›
combinator obeys the recursion equation
@{thm[display] While_Combinator.while_unfold[no_vars]} andisthus executable.›
lemma L_While: fixes b c X assumes"finite X"defines"f == \Y. vars b \ X \ L c Y" shows"L (WHILE b DO c) X = while (\Y. f Y \ Y) f {}" (is"_ = ?r") proof - let ?V = "vars b \ rvars c \ X" have"lfp f = ?r" proof(rule lfp_while[where C = "?V"]) show"mono f"by(simp add: f_def mono_union_L) next fix Y show"Y \ ?V \ f Y \ ?V" unfolding f_def using L_subset_vars[of c] by blast next show"finite ?V"using‹finite X›by simp qed thus ?thesis by (simp add: f_def L.simps(5)) qed
lemma L_While_let: "finite X \ L (WHILE b DO c) X =
(let f = (λY. vars b ∪ X ∪ L c Y) in while (λY. f Y ≠ Y) f {})" by(simp add: L_While)
lemma L_While_set: "L (WHILE b DO c) (set xs) =
(let f = (λY. vars b ∪ set xs ∪ L c Y) in while (λY. f Y ≠ Y) f {})" by(rule L_While_let, simp)
text‹Replace the equation for‹L (WHILE …)›by the executable @{thm[source] L_While_set}:› lemmas [code] = L.simps(1-4) L_While_set text‹Sorry, this syntaxis odd.›
text‹A test:› lemma"(let b = Less (N 0) (V ''y''); c = ''y'' ::= V ''x'';; ''x'' ::= V ''z'' in L (WHILE b DO c) {''y''}) = {''x'', ''y'', ''z''}" by eval
subsubsection "Limiting the number of iterations"
text‹The final parameter is the default value:›
fun iter :: "('a \ 'a) \ nat \ 'a \ 'a \ 'a"where "iter f 0 p d = d" | "iter f (Suc n) p d = (if f p = p then p else iter f n (f p) d)"
text‹A version of 🍋‹L›with a bounded number of iterations (here: 2) in the WHILE case:›
fun Lb :: "com \ vname set \ vname set"where "Lb SKIP X = X" | "Lb (x ::= a) X = (if x \ X then X - {x} \ vars a else X)" | "Lb (c\<^sub>1;; c\<^sub>2) X = (Lb c\<^sub>1 \ Lb c\<^sub>2) X" | "Lb (IF b THEN c\<^sub>1 ELSE c\<^sub>2) X = vars b \ Lb c\<^sub>1 X \ Lb c\<^sub>2 X" | "Lb (WHILE b DO c) X = iter (\A. vars b \ X \ Lb c A) 2 {} (vars b \ rvars c \ X)"
text‹🍋‹Lb› (and🍋‹iter›) is not monotone!› lemma"let w = WHILE Bc False DO (''x'' ::= V ''y'';; ''z'' ::= V ''x'') in¬ (Lb w {''z''} ⊆ Lb w {''y'',''z''})" by eval
lemma lfp_subset_iter: "\ mono f; !!X. f X \ f' X; lfp f \ D \ \ lfp f \ iter f' n A D" proof(induction n arbitrary: A) case 0 thus ?caseby simp next case Suc thus ?caseby simp (metis lfp_lowerbound) qed
lemma"L c X \ Lb c X" proof(induction c arbitrary: X) case (While b c) let ?f = "\A. vars b \ X \ L c A" let ?fb = "\A. vars b \ X \ Lb c A" show ?case proof (simp add: L.simps(5), rule lfp_subset_iter[OF mono_union_L]) show"!!X. ?f X \ ?fb X"using While.IH by blast show"lfp ?f \ vars b \ rvars c \ X" by (metis (full_types) L.simps(5) L_subset_vars rvars.simps(5)) qed next case Seq thus ?caseby simp (metis (full_types) L_mono monoD subset_trans) qed auto
end
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