// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 /* * check TSC synchronization. * * Copyright (C) 2006, Red Hat, Inc., Ingo Molnar * * We check whether all boot CPUs have their TSC's synchronized, * print a warning if not and turn off the TSC clock-source. * * The warp-check is point-to-point between two CPUs, the CPU * initiating the bootup is the 'source CPU', the freshly booting * CPU is the 'target CPU'. * * Only two CPUs may participate - they can enter in any order. * ( The serial nature of the boot logic and the CPU hotplug lock * protects against more than 2 CPUs entering this code. )
*/ #include <linux/workqueue.h> #include <linux/topology.h> #include <linux/spinlock.h> #include <linux/kernel.h> #include <linux/smp.h> #include <linux/nmi.h> #include <asm/msr.h> #include <asm/tsc.h>
/* * TSC's on different sockets may be reset asynchronously. * This may cause the TSC ADJUST value on socket 0 to be NOT 0.
*/ bool __read_mostly tsc_async_resets;
void mark_tsc_async_resets(char *reason)
{ if (tsc_async_resets) return;
tsc_async_resets = true;
pr_info("tsc: Marking TSC async resets true due to %s\n", reason);
}
/* * Normally the tsc_sync will be checked every time system enters idle * state, but there is still caveat that a system won't enter idle, * either because it's too busy or configured purposely to not enter * idle. * * So setup a periodic timer (every 10 minutes) to make sure the check * is always on.
*/
#define SYNC_CHECK_INTERVAL (HZ * 600)
staticvoid tsc_sync_check_timer_fn(struct timer_list *unused)
{ int next_cpu;
tsc_verify_tsc_adjust(false);
/* Run the check for all onlined CPUs in turn */
next_cpu = cpumask_next(raw_smp_processor_id(), cpu_online_mask); if (next_cpu >= nr_cpu_ids)
next_cpu = cpumask_first(cpu_online_mask);
staticvoid tsc_sanitize_first_cpu(struct tsc_adjust *cur, s64 bootval, unsignedint cpu, bool bootcpu)
{ /* * First online CPU in a package stores the boot value in the * adjustment value. This value might change later via the sync * mechanism. If that fails we still can yell about boot values not * being consistent. * * On the boot cpu we just force set the ADJUST value to 0 if it's * non zero. We don't do that on non boot cpus because physical * hotplug should have set the ADJUST register to a value > 0 so * the TSC is in sync with the already running cpus. * * Also don't force the ADJUST value to zero if that is a valid value * for socket 0 as determined by the system arch. This is required * when multiple sockets are reset asynchronously with each other * and socket 0 may not have an TSC ADJUST value of 0.
*/ if (bootcpu && bootval != 0) { if (likely(!tsc_async_resets)) {
pr_warn(FW_BUG "TSC ADJUST: CPU%u: %lld force to 0\n",
cpu, bootval);
wrmsrq(MSR_IA32_TSC_ADJUST, 0);
bootval = 0;
} else {
pr_info("TSC ADJUST: CPU%u: %lld NOT forced to 0\n",
cpu, bootval);
}
}
cur->adjusted = bootval;
}
/* * The default adjust value cannot be assumed to be zero on any socket.
*/
cur->adjusted = bootval;
/* * Check whether this CPU is the first in a package to come up. In * this case do not check the boot value against another package * because the new package might have been physically hotplugged, * where TSC_ADJUST is expected to be different. When called on the * boot CPU topology_core_cpumask() might not be available yet.
*/
mask = topology_core_cpumask(cpu);
refcpu = mask ? cpumask_any_but(mask, cpu) : nr_cpu_ids;
ref = per_cpu_ptr(&tsc_adjust, refcpu); /* * Compare the boot value and complain if it differs in the * package.
*/ if (bootval != ref->bootval)
printk_once(FW_BUG "TSC ADJUST differs within socket(s), fixing all errors\n");
/* * The TSC_ADJUST values in a package must be the same. If the boot * value on this newly upcoming CPU differs from the adjustment * value of the already online CPU in this package, set it to that * adjusted value.
*/ if (bootval != ref->adjusted) {
cur->adjusted = ref->adjusted;
wrmsrq(MSR_IA32_TSC_ADJUST, ref->adjusted);
} /* * We have the TSCs forced to be in sync on this package. Skip sync * test:
*/ returntrue;
}
/* * Entry/exit counters that make sure that both CPUs * run the measurement code at once:
*/ static atomic_t start_count; static atomic_t stop_count; static atomic_t test_runs;
/* * We use a raw spinlock in this exceptional case, because * we want to have the fastest, inlined, non-debug version * of a critical section, to be able to prove TSC time-warps:
*/ static arch_spinlock_t sync_lock = __ARCH_SPIN_LOCK_UNLOCKED;
/* * TSC-warp measurement loop running on both CPUs. This is not called * if there is no TSC.
*/ static cycles_t check_tsc_warp(unsignedint timeout)
{
cycles_t start, now, prev, end, cur_max_warp = 0; int i, cur_warps = 0;
start = rdtsc_ordered(); /* * The measurement runs for 'timeout' msecs:
*/
end = start + (cycles_t) tsc_khz * timeout;
for (i = 0; ; i++) { /* * We take the global lock, measure TSC, save the * previous TSC that was measured (possibly on * another CPU) and update the previous TSC timestamp.
*/
arch_spin_lock(&sync_lock);
prev = last_tsc;
now = rdtsc_ordered();
last_tsc = now;
arch_spin_unlock(&sync_lock);
/* * Be nice every now and then (and also check whether * measurement is done [we also insert a 10 million * loops safety exit, so we dont lock up in case the * TSC readout is totally broken]):
*/ if (unlikely(!(i & 7))) { if (now > end || i > 10000000) break;
cpu_relax();
touch_nmi_watchdog();
} /* * Outside the critical section we can now see whether * we saw a time-warp of the TSC going backwards:
*/ if (unlikely(prev > now)) {
arch_spin_lock(&sync_lock);
max_warp = max(max_warp, prev - now);
cur_max_warp = max_warp; /* * Check whether this bounces back and forth. Only * one CPU should observe time going backwards.
*/ if (cur_warps != nr_warps)
random_warps++;
nr_warps++;
cur_warps = nr_warps;
arch_spin_unlock(&sync_lock);
}
}
WARN(!(now-start), "Warning: zero tsc calibration delta: %Ld [max: %Ld]\n",
now-start, end-start); return cur_max_warp;
}
/* * If the target CPU coming online doesn't have any of its core-siblings * online, a timeout of 20msec will be used for the TSC-warp measurement * loop. Otherwise a smaller timeout of 2msec will be used, as we have some * information about this socket already (and this information grows as we * have more and more logical-siblings in that socket). * * Ideally we should be able to skip the TSC sync check on the other * core-siblings, if the first logical CPU in a socket passed the sync test. * But as the TSC is per-logical CPU and can potentially be modified wrongly * by the bios, TSC sync test for smaller duration should be able * to catch such errors. Also this will catch the condition where all the * cores in the socket don't get reset at the same time.
*/ staticinlineunsignedint loop_timeout(int cpu)
{ return (cpumask_weight(topology_core_cpumask(cpu)) > 1) ? 2 : 20;
}
/* * The freshly booted CPU initiates this via an async SMP function call.
*/ staticvoid check_tsc_sync_source(void *__cpu)
{ unsignedint cpu = (unsignedlong)__cpu; int cpus = 2;
/* * Set the maximum number of test runs to * 1 if the CPU does not provide the TSC_ADJUST MSR * 3 if the MSR is available, so the target can try to adjust
*/ if (!boot_cpu_has(X86_FEATURE_TSC_ADJUST))
atomic_set(&test_runs, 1); else
atomic_set(&test_runs, 3);
retry: /* Wait for the target to start. */ while (atomic_read(&start_count) != cpus - 1)
cpu_relax();
/* * Trigger the target to continue into the measurement too:
*/
atomic_inc(&start_count);
check_tsc_warp(loop_timeout(cpu));
while (atomic_read(&stop_count) != cpus-1)
cpu_relax();
/* * If the test was successful set the number of runs to zero and * stop. If not, decrement the number of runs an check if we can * retry. In case of random warps no retry is attempted.
*/ if (!nr_warps) {
atomic_set(&test_runs, 0);
} elseif (atomic_dec_and_test(&test_runs) || random_warps) { /* Force it to 0 if random warps brought us here */
atomic_set(&test_runs, 0);
pr_warn("TSC synchronization [CPU#%d -> CPU#%u]:\n",
smp_processor_id(), cpu);
pr_warn("Measured %Ld cycles TSC warp between CPUs, " "turning off TSC clock.\n", max_warp); if (random_warps)
pr_warn("TSC warped randomly between CPUs\n");
schedule_work(&tsc_sync_work);
}
/* * Reset it - just in case we boot another CPU later:
*/
atomic_set(&start_count, 0);
random_warps = 0;
nr_warps = 0;
max_warp = 0;
last_tsc = 0;
/* * Let the target continue with the bootup:
*/
atomic_inc(&stop_count);
/* * Retry, if there is a chance to do so.
*/ if (atomic_read(&test_runs) > 0) goto retry;
}
/* * Freshly booted CPUs call into this:
*/ void check_tsc_sync_target(void)
{ struct tsc_adjust *cur = this_cpu_ptr(&tsc_adjust); unsignedint cpu = smp_processor_id();
cycles_t cur_max_warp, gbl_max_warp; int cpus = 2;
/* Also aborts if there is no TSC. */ if (unsynchronized_tsc()) return;
/* * Store, verify and sanitize the TSC adjust register. If * successful skip the test. * * The test is also skipped when the TSC is marked reliable. This * is true for SoCs which have no fallback clocksource. On these * SoCs the TSC is frequency synchronized, but still the TSC ADJUST * register might have been wreckaged by the BIOS..
*/ if (tsc_store_and_check_tsc_adjust(false) || tsc_clocksource_reliable) return;
/* Kick the control CPU into the TSC synchronization function */
smp_call_function_single(cpumask_first(cpu_online_mask), check_tsc_sync_source,
(unsignedlong *)(unsignedlong)cpu, 0);
retry: /* * Register this CPU's participation and wait for the * source CPU to start the measurement:
*/
atomic_inc(&start_count); while (atomic_read(&start_count) != cpus)
cpu_relax();
cur_max_warp = check_tsc_warp(loop_timeout(cpu));
/* * Store the maximum observed warp value for a potential retry:
*/
gbl_max_warp = max_warp;
/* * Ok, we are done:
*/
atomic_inc(&stop_count);
/* * Wait for the source CPU to print stuff:
*/ while (atomic_read(&stop_count) != cpus)
cpu_relax();
/* * Reset it for the next sync test:
*/
atomic_set(&stop_count, 0);
/* * Check the number of remaining test runs. If not zero, the test * failed and a retry with adjusted TSC is possible. If zero the * test was either successful or failed terminally.
*/ if (!atomic_read(&test_runs)) return;
/* * If the warp value of this CPU is 0, then the other CPU * observed time going backwards so this TSC was ahead and * needs to move backwards.
*/ if (!cur_max_warp)
cur_max_warp = -gbl_max_warp;
/* * Add the result to the previous adjustment value. * * The adjustment value is slightly off by the overhead of the * sync mechanism (observed values are ~200 TSC cycles), but this * really depends on CPU, node distance and frequency. So * compensating for this is hard to get right. Experiments show * that the warp is not longer detectable when the observed warp * value is used. In the worst case the adjustment needs to go * through a 3rd run for fine tuning.
*/
cur->adjusted += cur_max_warp;
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