// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 /* * linux/ipc/util.c * Copyright (C) 1992 Krishna Balasubramanian * * Sep 1997 - Call suser() last after "normal" permission checks so we * get BSD style process accounting right. * Occurs in several places in the IPC code. * Chris Evans, <chris@ferret.lmh.ox.ac.uk> * Nov 1999 - ipc helper functions, unified SMP locking * Manfred Spraul <manfred@colorfullife.com> * Oct 2002 - One lock per IPC id. RCU ipc_free for lock-free grow_ary(). * Mingming Cao <cmm@us.ibm.com> * Mar 2006 - support for audit of ipc object properties * Dustin Kirkland <dustin.kirkland@us.ibm.com> * Jun 2006 - namespaces ssupport * OpenVZ, SWsoft Inc. * Pavel Emelianov <xemul@openvz.org> * * General sysv ipc locking scheme: * rcu_read_lock() * obtain the ipc object (kern_ipc_perm) by looking up the id in an idr * tree. * - perform initial checks (capabilities, auditing and permission, * etc). * - perform read-only operations, such as INFO command, that * do not demand atomicity * acquire the ipc lock (kern_ipc_perm.lock) through * ipc_lock_object() * - perform read-only operations that demand atomicity, * such as STAT command. * - perform data updates, such as SET, RMID commands and * mechanism-specific operations (semop/semtimedop, * msgsnd/msgrcv, shmat/shmdt). * drop the ipc lock, through ipc_unlock_object(). * rcu_read_unlock() * * The ids->rwsem must be taken when: * - creating, removing and iterating the existing entries in ipc * identifier sets. * - iterating through files under /proc/sysvipc/ * * Note that sems have a special fast path that avoids kern_ipc_perm.lock - * see sem_lock().
*/
struct ipc_proc_iface { constchar *path; constchar *header; int ids; int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *);
};
/** * ipc_init - initialise ipc subsystem * * The various sysv ipc resources (semaphores, messages and shared * memory) are initialised. * * A callback routine is registered into the memory hotplug notifier * chain: since msgmni scales to lowmem this callback routine will be * called upon successful memory add / remove to recompute msmgni.
*/ staticint __init ipc_init(void)
{
proc_mkdir("sysvipc", NULL);
sem_init();
msg_init();
shm_init();
/** * ipc_init_ids - initialise ipc identifiers * @ids: ipc identifier set * * Set up the sequence range to use for the ipc identifier range (limited * below ipc_mni) then initialise the keys hashtable and ids idr.
*/ void ipc_init_ids(struct ipc_ids *ids)
{
ids->in_use = 0;
ids->seq = 0;
init_rwsem(&ids->rwsem);
rhashtable_init(&ids->key_ht, &ipc_kht_params);
idr_init(&ids->ipcs_idr);
ids->max_idx = -1;
ids->last_idx = -1; #ifdef CONFIG_CHECKPOINT_RESTORE
ids->next_id = -1; #endif
}
#ifdef CONFIG_PROC_FS staticconststruct proc_ops sysvipc_proc_ops; /** * ipc_init_proc_interface - create a proc interface for sysipc types using a seq_file interface. * @path: Path in procfs * @header: Banner to be printed at the beginning of the file. * @ids: ipc id table to iterate. * @show: show routine.
*/ void __init ipc_init_proc_interface(constchar *path, constchar *header, int ids, int (*show)(struct seq_file *, void *))
{ struct proc_dir_entry *pde; struct ipc_proc_iface *iface;
pde = proc_create_data(path,
S_IRUGO, /* world readable */
NULL, /* parent dir */
&sysvipc_proc_ops,
iface); if (!pde)
kfree(iface);
} #endif
/** * ipc_findkey - find a key in an ipc identifier set * @ids: ipc identifier set * @key: key to find * * Returns the locked pointer to the ipc structure if found or NULL * otherwise. If key is found ipc points to the owning ipc structure * * Called with writer ipc_ids.rwsem held.
*/ staticstruct kern_ipc_perm *ipc_findkey(struct ipc_ids *ids, key_t key)
{ struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp;
ipcp = rhashtable_lookup_fast(&ids->key_ht, &key,
ipc_kht_params); if (!ipcp) return NULL;
/* * Insert new IPC object into idr tree, and set sequence number and id * in the correct order. * Especially: * - the sequence number must be set before inserting the object into the idr, * because the sequence number is accessed without a lock. * - the id can/must be set after inserting the object into the idr. * All accesses must be done after getting kern_ipc_perm.lock. * * The caller must own kern_ipc_perm.lock.of the new object. * On error, the function returns a (negative) error code. * * To conserve sequence number space, especially with extended ipc_mni, * the sequence number is incremented only when the returned ID is less than * the last one.
*/ staticinlineint ipc_idr_alloc(struct ipc_ids *ids, struct kern_ipc_perm *new)
{ int idx, next_id = -1;
/* * As soon as a new object is inserted into the idr, * ipc_obtain_object_idr() or ipc_obtain_object_check() can find it, * and the lockless preparations for ipc operations can start. * This means especially: permission checks, audit calls, allocation * of undo structures, ... * * Thus the object must be fully initialized, and if something fails, * then the full tear-down sequence must be followed. * (i.e.: set new->deleted, reduce refcount, call_rcu())
*/
if (next_id < 0) { /* !CHECKPOINT_RESTORE or next_id is unset */ int max_idx;
/* allocate the idx, with a NULL struct kern_ipc_perm */
idx = idr_alloc_cyclic(&ids->ipcs_idr, NULL, 0, max_idx,
GFP_NOWAIT);
if (idx >= 0) { /* * idx got allocated successfully. * Now calculate the sequence number and set the * pointer for real.
*/ if (idx <= ids->last_idx) {
ids->seq++; if (ids->seq >= ipcid_seq_max())
ids->seq = 0;
}
ids->last_idx = idx;
new->seq = ids->seq; /* no need for smp_wmb(), this is done * inside idr_replace, as part of * rcu_assign_pointer
*/
idr_replace(&ids->ipcs_idr, new, idx);
}
} else {
new->seq = ipcid_to_seqx(next_id);
idx = idr_alloc(&ids->ipcs_idr, new, ipcid_to_idx(next_id),
0, GFP_NOWAIT);
} if (idx >= 0)
new->id = (new->seq << ipcmni_seq_shift()) + idx; return idx;
}
/** * ipc_addid - add an ipc identifier * @ids: ipc identifier set * @new: new ipc permission set * @limit: limit for the number of used ids * * Add an entry 'new' to the ipc ids idr. The permissions object is * initialised and the first free entry is set up and the index assigned * is returned. The 'new' entry is returned in a locked state on success. * * On failure the entry is not locked and a negative err-code is returned. * The caller must use ipc_rcu_putref() to free the identifier. * * Called with writer ipc_ids.rwsem held.
*/ int ipc_addid(struct ipc_ids *ids, struct kern_ipc_perm *new, int limit)
{
kuid_t euid;
kgid_t egid; int idx, err;
/* 1) Initialize the refcount so that ipc_rcu_putref works */
refcount_set(&new->refcount, 1);
/** * ipcget_new - create a new ipc object * @ns: ipc namespace * @ids: ipc identifier set * @ops: the actual creation routine to call * @params: its parameters * * This routine is called by sys_msgget, sys_semget() and sys_shmget() * when the key is IPC_PRIVATE.
*/ staticint ipcget_new(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct ipc_ids *ids, conststruct ipc_ops *ops, struct ipc_params *params)
{ int err;
/** * ipc_check_perms - check security and permissions for an ipc object * @ns: ipc namespace * @ipcp: ipc permission set * @ops: the actual security routine to call * @params: its parameters * * This routine is called by sys_msgget(), sys_semget() and sys_shmget() * when the key is not IPC_PRIVATE and that key already exists in the * ds IDR. * * On success, the ipc id is returned. * * It is called with ipc_ids.rwsem and ipcp->lock held.
*/ staticint ipc_check_perms(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp, conststruct ipc_ops *ops, struct ipc_params *params)
{ int err;
if (ipcperms(ns, ipcp, params->flg))
err = -EACCES; else {
err = ops->associate(ipcp, params->flg); if (!err)
err = ipcp->id;
}
return err;
}
/** * ipcget_public - get an ipc object or create a new one * @ns: ipc namespace * @ids: ipc identifier set * @ops: the actual creation routine to call * @params: its parameters * * This routine is called by sys_msgget, sys_semget() and sys_shmget() * when the key is not IPC_PRIVATE. * It adds a new entry if the key is not found and does some permission * / security checkings if the key is found. * * On success, the ipc id is returned.
*/ staticint ipcget_public(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct ipc_ids *ids, conststruct ipc_ops *ops, struct ipc_params *params)
{ struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp; int flg = params->flg; int err;
/* * Take the lock as a writer since we are potentially going to add * a new entry + read locks are not "upgradable"
*/
down_write(&ids->rwsem);
ipcp = ipc_findkey(ids, params->key); if (ipcp == NULL) { /* key not used */ if (!(flg & IPC_CREAT))
err = -ENOENT; else
err = ops->getnew(ns, params);
} else { /* ipc object has been locked by ipc_findkey() */
if (flg & IPC_CREAT && flg & IPC_EXCL)
err = -EEXIST; else {
err = 0; if (ops->more_checks)
err = ops->more_checks(ipcp, params); if (!err) /* * ipc_check_perms returns the IPC id on * success
*/
err = ipc_check_perms(ns, ipcp, ops, params);
}
ipc_unlock(ipcp);
}
up_write(&ids->rwsem);
return err;
}
/** * ipc_kht_remove - remove an ipc from the key hashtable * @ids: ipc identifier set * @ipcp: ipc perm structure containing the key to remove * * ipc_ids.rwsem (as a writer) and the spinlock for this ID are held * before this function is called, and remain locked on the exit.
*/ staticvoid ipc_kht_remove(struct ipc_ids *ids, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp)
{ if (ipcp->key != IPC_PRIVATE)
WARN_ON_ONCE(rhashtable_remove_fast(&ids->key_ht, &ipcp->khtnode,
ipc_kht_params));
}
/** * ipc_search_maxidx - search for the highest assigned index * @ids: ipc identifier set * @limit: known upper limit for highest assigned index * * The function determines the highest assigned index in @ids. It is intended * to be called when ids->max_idx needs to be updated. * Updating ids->max_idx is necessary when the current highest index ipc * object is deleted. * If no ipc object is allocated, then -1 is returned. * * ipc_ids.rwsem needs to be held by the caller.
*/ staticint ipc_search_maxidx(struct ipc_ids *ids, int limit)
{ int tmpidx; int i; int retval;
i = ilog2(limit+1);
retval = 0; for (; i >= 0; i--) {
tmpidx = retval | (1<<i); /* * "0" is a possible index value, thus search using * e.g. 15,7,3,1,0 instead of 16,8,4,2,1.
*/
tmpidx = tmpidx-1; if (idr_get_next(&ids->ipcs_idr, &tmpidx))
retval |= (1<<i);
} return retval - 1;
}
/** * ipc_rmid - remove an ipc identifier * @ids: ipc identifier set * @ipcp: ipc perm structure containing the identifier to remove * * ipc_ids.rwsem (as a writer) and the spinlock for this ID are held * before this function is called, and remain locked on the exit.
*/ void ipc_rmid(struct ipc_ids *ids, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp)
{ int idx = ipcid_to_idx(ipcp->id);
/** * ipc_set_key_private - switch the key of an existing ipc to IPC_PRIVATE * @ids: ipc identifier set * @ipcp: ipc perm structure containing the key to modify * * ipc_ids.rwsem (as a writer) and the spinlock for this ID are held * before this function is called, and remain locked on the exit.
*/ void ipc_set_key_private(struct ipc_ids *ids, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp)
{
ipc_kht_remove(ids, ipcp);
ipcp->key = IPC_PRIVATE;
}
/** * ipcperms - check ipc permissions * @ns: ipc namespace * @ipcp: ipc permission set * @flag: desired permission set * * Check user, group, other permissions for access * to ipc resources. return 0 if allowed * * @flag will most probably be 0 or ``S_...UGO`` from <linux/stat.h>
*/ int ipcperms(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp, short flag)
{
kuid_t euid = current_euid(); int requested_mode, granted_mode;
audit_ipc_obj(ipcp);
requested_mode = (flag >> 6) | (flag >> 3) | flag;
granted_mode = ipcp->mode; if (uid_eq(euid, ipcp->cuid) ||
uid_eq(euid, ipcp->uid))
granted_mode >>= 6; elseif (in_group_p(ipcp->cgid) || in_group_p(ipcp->gid))
granted_mode >>= 3; /* is there some bit set in requested_mode but not in granted_mode? */ if ((requested_mode & ~granted_mode & 0007) &&
!ns_capable(ns->user_ns, CAP_IPC_OWNER)) return -1;
return security_ipc_permission(ipcp, flag);
}
/* * Functions to convert between the kern_ipc_perm structure and the * old/new ipc_perm structures
*/
/** * kernel_to_ipc64_perm - convert kernel ipc permissions to user * @in: kernel permissions * @out: new style ipc permissions * * Turn the kernel object @in into a set of permissions descriptions * for returning to userspace (@out).
*/ void kernel_to_ipc64_perm(struct kern_ipc_perm *in, struct ipc64_perm *out)
{
out->key = in->key;
out->uid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), in->uid);
out->gid = from_kgid_munged(current_user_ns(), in->gid);
out->cuid = from_kuid_munged(current_user_ns(), in->cuid);
out->cgid = from_kgid_munged(current_user_ns(), in->cgid);
out->mode = in->mode;
out->seq = in->seq;
}
/** * ipc64_perm_to_ipc_perm - convert new ipc permissions to old * @in: new style ipc permissions * @out: old style ipc permissions * * Turn the new style permissions object @in into a compatibility * object and store it into the @out pointer.
*/ void ipc64_perm_to_ipc_perm(struct ipc64_perm *in, struct ipc_perm *out)
{
out->key = in->key;
SET_UID(out->uid, in->uid);
SET_GID(out->gid, in->gid);
SET_UID(out->cuid, in->cuid);
SET_GID(out->cgid, in->cgid);
out->mode = in->mode;
out->seq = in->seq;
}
/** * ipc_obtain_object_idr - Look for an id in the ipc ids idr and * return associated ipc object. * @ids: ipc identifier set * @id: ipc id to look for * * Call inside the RCU critical section. * The ipc object is *not* locked on exit.
*/ struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc_obtain_object_idr(struct ipc_ids *ids, int id)
{ struct kern_ipc_perm *out; int idx = ipcid_to_idx(id);
out = idr_find(&ids->ipcs_idr, idx); if (!out) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
return out;
}
/** * ipc_obtain_object_check - Similar to ipc_obtain_object_idr() but * also checks the ipc object sequence number. * @ids: ipc identifier set * @id: ipc id to look for * * Call inside the RCU critical section. * The ipc object is *not* locked on exit.
*/ struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc_obtain_object_check(struct ipc_ids *ids, int id)
{ struct kern_ipc_perm *out = ipc_obtain_object_idr(ids, id);
if (IS_ERR(out)) goto out;
if (ipc_checkid(out, id)) return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
out: return out;
}
/** * ipcget - Common sys_*get() code * @ns: namespace * @ids: ipc identifier set * @ops: operations to be called on ipc object creation, permission checks * and further checks * @params: the parameters needed by the previous operations. * * Common routine called by sys_msgget(), sys_semget() and sys_shmget().
*/ int ipcget(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct ipc_ids *ids, conststruct ipc_ops *ops, struct ipc_params *params)
{ if (params->key == IPC_PRIVATE) return ipcget_new(ns, ids, ops, params); else return ipcget_public(ns, ids, ops, params);
}
/** * ipc_update_perm - update the permissions of an ipc object * @in: the permission given as input. * @out: the permission of the ipc to set.
*/ int ipc_update_perm(struct ipc64_perm *in, struct kern_ipc_perm *out)
{
kuid_t uid = make_kuid(current_user_ns(), in->uid);
kgid_t gid = make_kgid(current_user_ns(), in->gid); if (!uid_valid(uid) || !gid_valid(gid)) return -EINVAL;
/** * ipcctl_obtain_check - retrieve an ipc object and check permissions * @ns: ipc namespace * @ids: the table of ids where to look for the ipc * @id: the id of the ipc to retrieve * @cmd: the cmd to check * @perm: the permission to set * @extra_perm: one extra permission parameter used by msq * * This function does some common audit and permissions check for some IPC_XXX * cmd and is called from semctl_down, shmctl_down and msgctl_down. * * It: * - retrieves the ipc object with the given id in the given table. * - performs some audit and permission check, depending on the given cmd * - returns a pointer to the ipc object or otherwise, the corresponding * error. * * Call holding the both the rwsem and the rcu read lock.
*/ struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcctl_obtain_check(struct ipc_namespace *ns, struct ipc_ids *ids, int id, int cmd, struct ipc64_perm *perm, int extra_perm)
{
kuid_t euid; int err = -EPERM; struct kern_ipc_perm *ipcp;
/** * ipc_parse_version - ipc call version * @cmd: pointer to command * * Return IPC_64 for new style IPC and IPC_OLD for old style IPC. * The @cmd value is turned from an encoding command and version into * just the command code.
*/ int ipc_parse_version(int *cmd)
{ if (*cmd & IPC_64) {
*cmd ^= IPC_64; return IPC_64;
} else { return IPC_OLD;
}
}
/** * sysvipc_find_ipc - Find and lock the ipc structure based on seq pos * @ids: ipc identifier set * @pos: expected position * * The function finds an ipc structure, based on the sequence file * position @pos. If there is no ipc structure at position @pos, then * the successor is selected. * If a structure is found, then it is locked (both rcu_read_lock() and * ipc_lock_object()) and @pos is set to the position needed to locate * the found ipc structure. * If nothing is found (i.e. EOF), @pos is not modified. * * The function returns the found ipc structure, or NULL at EOF.
*/ staticstruct kern_ipc_perm *sysvipc_find_ipc(struct ipc_ids *ids, loff_t *pos)
{ int tmpidx; struct kern_ipc_perm *ipc;
/* convert from position to idr index -> "-1" */
tmpidx = *pos - 1;
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