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theory Fold imports Sem_Equiv Vars begin
subsection "Simple folding of arithmetic expressions"
type_synonym
tab = "vname \ val option"
fun afold :: "aexp \ tab \ aexp" where
"afold (N n) _ = N n" |
"afold (V x) t = (case t x of None \ V x | Some k \ N k)" |
"afold (Plus e1 e2) t = (case (afold e1 t, afold e2 t) of
(N n1, N n2) \<Rightarrow> N(n1+n2) | (e1',e2') \<Rightarrow> Plus e1' e2')"
definition "approx t s \ (\x k. t x = Some k \ s x = k)"
theorem aval_afold[simp]:
assumes "approx t s"
shows "aval (afold a t) s = aval a s"
using assms
by (induct a) (auto simp: approx_def split: aexp.split option.split)
theorem aval_afold_N:
assumes "approx t s"
shows "afold a t = N n \ aval a s = n"
by (metis assms aval.simps(1) aval_afold)
definition
"merge t1 t2 = (\m. if t1 m = t2 m then t1 m else None)"
primrec "defs" :: "com \ tab \ tab" where
"defs SKIP t = t" |
"defs (x ::= a) t =
(case afold a t of N k \<Rightarrow> t(x \<mapsto> k) | _ \<Rightarrow> t(x:=None))" |
"defs (c1;;c2) t = (defs c2 o defs c1) t" |
"defs (IF b THEN c1 ELSE c2) t = merge (defs c1 t) (defs c2 t)" |
"defs (WHILE b DO c) t = t |` (-lvars c)"
primrec fold where
"fold SKIP _ = SKIP" |
"fold (x ::= a) t = (x ::= (afold a t))" |
"fold (c1;;c2) t = (fold c1 t;; fold c2 (defs c1 t))" |
"fold (IF b THEN c1 ELSE c2) t = IF b THEN fold c1 t ELSE fold c2 t" |
"fold (WHILE b DO c) t = WHILE b DO fold c (t |` (-lvars c))"
lemma approx_merge:
"approx t1 s \ approx t2 s \ approx (merge t1 t2) s"
by (fastforce simp: merge_def approx_def)
lemma approx_map_le:
"approx t2 s \ t1 \\<^sub>m t2 \ approx t1 s"
by (clarsimp simp: approx_def map_le_def dom_def)
lemma restrict_map_le [intro!, simp]: "t |` S \\<^sub>m t"
by (clarsimp simp: restrict_map_def map_le_def)
lemma merge_restrict:
assumes "t1 |` S = t |` S"
assumes "t2 |` S = t |` S"
shows "merge t1 t2 |` S = t |` S"
proof -
from assms
have "\x. (t1 |` S) x = (t |` S) x"
and "\x. (t2 |` S) x = (t |` S) x" by auto
thus ?thesis
by (auto simp: merge_def restrict_map_def
split: if_splits)
qed
lemma defs_restrict:
"defs c t |` (- lvars c) = t |` (- lvars c)"
proof (induction c arbitrary: t)
case (Seq c1 c2)
hence "defs c1 t |` (- lvars c1) = t |` (- lvars c1)"
by simp
hence "defs c1 t |` (- lvars c1) |` (-lvars c2) =
t |` (- lvars c1) |` (-lvars c2)" by simp
moreover
from Seq
have "defs c2 (defs c1 t) |` (- lvars c2) =
defs c1 t |` (- lvars c2)"
by simp
hence "defs c2 (defs c1 t) |` (- lvars c2) |` (- lvars c1) =
defs c1 t |` (- lvars c2) |` (- lvars c1)"
by simp
ultimately
show ?case by (clarsimp simp: Int_commute)
next
case (If b c1 c2)
hence "defs c1 t |` (- lvars c1) = t |` (- lvars c1)" by simp
hence "defs c1 t |` (- lvars c1) |` (-lvars c2) =
t |` (- lvars c1) |` (-lvars c2)" by simp
moreover
from If
have "defs c2 t |` (- lvars c2) = t |` (- lvars c2)" by simp
hence "defs c2 t |` (- lvars c2) |` (-lvars c1) =
t |` (- lvars c2) |` (-lvars c1)" by simp
ultimately
show ?case by (auto simp: Int_commute intro: merge_restrict)
qed (auto split: aexp.split)
lemma big_step_pres_approx:
"(c,s) \ s' \ approx t s \ approx (defs c t) s'"
proof (induction arbitrary: t rule: big_step_induct)
case Skip thus ?case by simp
next
case Assign
thus ?case
by (clarsimp simp: aval_afold_N approx_def split: aexp.split)
next
case (Seq c1 s1 s2 c2 s3)
have "approx (defs c1 t) s2" by (rule Seq.IH(1)[OF Seq.prems])
hence "approx (defs c2 (defs c1 t)) s3" by (rule Seq.IH(2))
thus ?case by simp
next
case (IfTrue b s c1 s')
hence "approx (defs c1 t) s'" by simp
thus ?case by (simp add: approx_merge)
next
case (IfFalse b s c2 s')
hence "approx (defs c2 t) s'" by simp
thus ?case by (simp add: approx_merge)
next
case WhileFalse
thus ?case by (simp add: approx_def restrict_map_def)
next
case (WhileTrue b s1 c s2 s3)
hence "approx (defs c t) s2" by simp
with WhileTrue
have "approx (defs c t |` (-lvars c)) s3" by simp
thus ?case by (simp add: defs_restrict)
qed
lemma big_step_pres_approx_restrict:
"(c,s) \ s' \ approx (t |` (-lvars c)) s \ approx (t |` (-lvars c)) s'"
proof (induction arbitrary: t rule: big_step_induct)
case Assign
thus ?case by (clarsimp simp: approx_def)
next
case (Seq c1 s1 s2 c2 s3)
hence "approx (t |` (-lvars c2) |` (-lvars c1)) s1"
by (simp add: Int_commute)
hence "approx (t |` (-lvars c2) |` (-lvars c1)) s2"
by (rule Seq)
hence "approx (t |` (-lvars c1) |` (-lvars c2)) s2"
by (simp add: Int_commute)
hence "approx (t |` (-lvars c1) |` (-lvars c2)) s3"
by (rule Seq)
thus ?case by simp
next
case (IfTrue b s c1 s' c2)
hence "approx (t |` (-lvars c2) |` (-lvars c1)) s"
by (simp add: Int_commute)
hence "approx (t |` (-lvars c2) |` (-lvars c1)) s'"
by (rule IfTrue)
thus ?case by (simp add: Int_commute)
next
case (IfFalse b s c2 s' c1)
hence "approx (t |` (-lvars c1) |` (-lvars c2)) s"
by simp
hence "approx (t |` (-lvars c1) |` (-lvars c2)) s'"
by (rule IfFalse)
thus ?case by simp
qed auto
declare assign_simp [simp]
lemma approx_eq:
"approx t \ c \ fold c t"
proof (induction c arbitrary: t)
case SKIP show ?case by simp
next
case Assign
show ?case by (simp add: equiv_up_to_def)
next
case Seq
thus ?case by (auto intro!: equiv_up_to_seq big_step_pres_approx)
next
case If
thus ?case by (auto intro!: equiv_up_to_if_weak)
next
case (While b c)
hence "approx (t |` (- lvars c)) \
WHILE b DO c \<sim> WHILE b DO fold c (t |` (- lvars c))"
by (auto intro: equiv_up_to_while_weak big_step_pres_approx_restrict)
thus ?case
by (auto intro: equiv_up_to_weaken approx_map_le)
qed
lemma approx_empty [simp]:
"approx Map.empty = (\_. True)"
by (auto simp: approx_def)
theorem constant_folding_equiv:
"fold c Map.empty \ c"
using approx_eq [of Map.empty c]
by (simp add: equiv_up_to_True sim_sym)
end
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