/* Copyright (c) 2011 Xiph.Org Foundation
Written by Jean-Marc Valin */ /* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
- Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
- Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
*/
staticint validate_ambisonics(int nb_channels, int *nb_streams, int *nb_coupled_streams)
{ int order_plus_one; int acn_channels; int nondiegetic_channels;
if (nb_channels < 1 || nb_channels > 227) return 0;
#if 1 /* Computes a rough approximation of log2(2^a + 2^b) */ static opus_val16 logSum(opus_val16 a, opus_val16 b)
{
opus_val16 max;
opus_val32 diff;
opus_val16 frac; staticconst opus_val16 diff_table[17] = {
QCONST16(0.5000000f, DB_SHIFT), QCONST16(0.2924813f, DB_SHIFT), QCONST16(0.1609640f, DB_SHIFT), QCONST16(0.0849625f, DB_SHIFT),
QCONST16(0.0437314f, DB_SHIFT), QCONST16(0.0221971f, DB_SHIFT), QCONST16(0.0111839f, DB_SHIFT), QCONST16(0.0056136f, DB_SHIFT),
QCONST16(0.0028123f, DB_SHIFT)
}; int low; if (a>b)
{
max = a;
diff = SUB32(EXTEND32(a),EXTEND32(b));
} else {
max = b;
diff = SUB32(EXTEND32(b),EXTEND32(a));
} if (!(diff < QCONST16(8.f, DB_SHIFT))) /* inverted to catch NaNs */ return max; #ifdef FIXED_POINT
low = SHR32(diff, DB_SHIFT-1);
frac = SHL16(diff - SHL16(low, DB_SHIFT-1), 16-DB_SHIFT); #else
low = (int)floor(2*diff);
frac = 2*diff - low; #endif return max + diff_table[low] + MULT16_16_Q15(frac, SUB16(diff_table[low+1], diff_table[low]));
} #else
opus_val16 logSum(opus_val16 a, opus_val16 b)
{ return log2(pow(4, a)+ pow(4, b))/2;
} #endif
void surround_analysis(const CELTMode *celt_mode, constvoid *pcm, opus_val16 *bandLogE, opus_val32 *mem, opus_val32 *preemph_mem, int len, int overlap, int channels, int rate, opus_copy_channel_in_func copy_channel_in, int arch
)
{ int c; int i; int LM; int pos[8] = {0}; int upsample; int frame_size; int freq_size;
opus_val16 channel_offset;
opus_val32 bandE[21];
opus_val16 maskLogE[3][21];
VARDECL(opus_val32, in);
VARDECL(opus_val16, x);
VARDECL(opus_val32, freq);
SAVE_STACK;
staticint opus_multistream_encoder_init_impl(
OpusMSEncoder *st,
opus_int32 Fs, int channels, int streams, int coupled_streams, constunsignedchar *mapping, int application,
MappingType mapping_type
)
{ int coupled_size; int mono_size; int i, ret; char *ptr;
for (i=0;i<st->layout.nb_coupled_streams;i++)
{
ret = opus_encoder_init((OpusEncoder*)ptr, Fs, 2, application); if(ret!=OPUS_OK)return ret; if (i==st->lfe_stream)
opus_encoder_ctl((OpusEncoder*)ptr, OPUS_SET_LFE(1));
ptr += align(coupled_size);
} for (;i<st->layout.nb_streams;i++)
{
ret = opus_encoder_init((OpusEncoder*)ptr, Fs, 1, application); if (i==st->lfe_stream)
opus_encoder_ctl((OpusEncoder*)ptr, OPUS_SET_LFE(1)); if(ret!=OPUS_OK)return ret;
ptr += align(mono_size);
} if (mapping_type == MAPPING_TYPE_SURROUND)
{
OPUS_CLEAR(ms_get_preemph_mem(st), channels);
OPUS_CLEAR(ms_get_window_mem(st), channels*120);
}
st->mapping_type = mapping_type; return OPUS_OK;
}
int opus_multistream_encoder_init(
OpusMSEncoder *st,
opus_int32 Fs, int channels, int streams, int coupled_streams, constunsignedchar *mapping, int application
)
{ return opus_multistream_encoder_init_impl(st, Fs, channels, streams,
coupled_streams, mapping,
application, MAPPING_TYPE_NONE);
}
int opus_multistream_surround_encoder_init(
OpusMSEncoder *st,
opus_int32 Fs, int channels, int mapping_family, int *streams, int *coupled_streams, unsignedchar *mapping, int application
)
{
MappingType mapping_type;
if ((channels>255) || (channels<1)) return OPUS_BAD_ARG;
st->lfe_stream = -1; if (mapping_family==0)
{ if (channels==1)
{
*streams=1;
*coupled_streams=0;
mapping[0]=0;
} elseif (channels==2)
{
*streams=1;
*coupled_streams=1;
mapping[0]=0;
mapping[1]=1;
} else return OPUS_UNIMPLEMENTED;
} elseif (mapping_family==1 && channels<=8 && channels>=1)
{ int i;
*streams=vorbis_mappings[channels-1].nb_streams;
*coupled_streams=vorbis_mappings[channels-1].nb_coupled_streams; for (i=0;i<channels;i++)
mapping[i] = vorbis_mappings[channels-1].mapping[i]; if (channels>=6)
st->lfe_stream = *streams-1;
} elseif (mapping_family==255)
{ int i;
*streams=channels;
*coupled_streams=0; for(i=0;i<channels;i++)
mapping[i] = i;
} elseif (mapping_family==2)
{ int i; if (!validate_ambisonics(channels, streams, coupled_streams)) return OPUS_BAD_ARG; for(i = 0; i < (*streams - *coupled_streams); i++)
mapping[i] = i + (*coupled_streams * 2); for(i = 0; i < *coupled_streams * 2; i++)
mapping[i + (*streams - *coupled_streams)] = i;
} else return OPUS_UNIMPLEMENTED;
OpusMSEncoder *opus_multistream_encoder_create(
opus_int32 Fs, int channels, int streams, int coupled_streams, constunsignedchar *mapping, int application, int *error
)
{ int ret;
OpusMSEncoder *st; if ((channels>255) || (channels<1) || (coupled_streams>streams) ||
(streams<1) || (coupled_streams<0) || (streams>255-coupled_streams) ||
(streams+coupled_streams>channels))
{ if (error)
*error = OPUS_BAD_ARG; return NULL;
}
st = (OpusMSEncoder *)opus_alloc(opus_multistream_encoder_get_size(streams, coupled_streams)); if (st==NULL)
{ if (error)
*error = OPUS_ALLOC_FAIL; return NULL;
}
ret = opus_multistream_encoder_init(st, Fs, channels, streams, coupled_streams, mapping, application); if (ret != OPUS_OK)
{
opus_free(st);
st = NULL;
} if (error)
*error = ret; return st;
}
OpusMSEncoder *opus_multistream_surround_encoder_create(
opus_int32 Fs, int channels, int mapping_family, int *streams, int *coupled_streams, unsignedchar *mapping, int application, int *error
)
{ int ret;
opus_int32 size;
OpusMSEncoder *st; if ((channels>255) || (channels<1))
{ if (error)
*error = OPUS_BAD_ARG; return NULL;
}
size = opus_multistream_surround_encoder_get_size(channels, mapping_family); if (!size)
{ if (error)
*error = OPUS_UNIMPLEMENTED; return NULL;
}
st = (OpusMSEncoder *)opus_alloc(size); if (st==NULL)
{ if (error)
*error = OPUS_ALLOC_FAIL; return NULL;
}
ret = opus_multistream_surround_encoder_init(st, Fs, channels, mapping_family, streams, coupled_streams, mapping, application); if (ret != OPUS_OK)
{
opus_free(st);
st = NULL;
} if (error)
*error = ret; return st;
}
staticvoid surround_rate_allocation(
OpusMSEncoder *st,
opus_int32 *rate, int frame_size,
opus_int32 Fs
)
{ int i;
opus_int32 channel_rate; int stream_offset; int lfe_offset; int coupled_ratio; /* Q8 */ int lfe_ratio; /* Q8 */ int nb_lfe; int nb_uncoupled; int nb_coupled; int nb_normal;
opus_int32 channel_offset;
opus_int32 bitrate; int total;
/* Give LFE some basic stream_channel allocation but never exceed 1/20 of the
total rate for the non-energy part to avoid problems at really low rate. */
lfe_offset = IMIN(bitrate/20, 3000) + 15*IMAX(50, Fs/frame_size);
/* We give each stream (coupled or uncoupled) a starting bitrate.
This models the main saving of coupled channels over uncoupled. */
stream_offset = (bitrate - channel_offset*nb_normal - lfe_offset*nb_lfe)/nb_normal/2;
stream_offset = IMAX(0, IMIN(20000, stream_offset));
/* Coupled streams get twice the mono rate after the offset is allocated. */
coupled_ratio = 512; /* Should depend on the bitrate, for now we assume LFE gets 1/8 the bits of mono */
lfe_ratio = 32;
/* Allocate equal number of bits to Ambisonic (uncoupled) and non-diegetic
* (coupled) streams */
per_stream_rate = total_rate / st->layout.nb_streams; for (i = 0; i < st->layout.nb_streams; i++)
{
rate[i] = per_stream_rate;
}
}
static opus_int32 rate_allocation(
OpusMSEncoder *st,
opus_int32 *rate, int frame_size
)
{ int i;
opus_int32 rate_sum=0;
opus_int32 Fs; char *ptr;
/* Smallest packet the encoder can produce. */
smallest_packet = st->layout.nb_streams*2-1; /* 100 ms needs an extra byte per stream for the ToC. */ if (Fs/frame_size == 10)
smallest_packet += st->layout.nb_streams; if (max_data_bytes < smallest_packet)
{
RESTORE_STACK; return OPUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
}
ALLOC(buf, 2*frame_size, opus_val16);
coupled_size = opus_encoder_get_size(2);
mono_size = opus_encoder_get_size(1);
/* Compute bitrate allocation between streams (this could be a lot better) */
rate_sum = rate_allocation(st, bitrates, frame_size);
if (!vbr)
{ if (st->bitrate_bps == OPUS_AUTO)
{
max_data_bytes = IMIN(max_data_bytes, 3*rate_sum/(3*8*Fs/frame_size));
} elseif (st->bitrate_bps != OPUS_BITRATE_MAX)
{
max_data_bytes = IMIN(max_data_bytes, IMAX(smallest_packet,
3*st->bitrate_bps/(3*8*Fs/frame_size)));
}
}
ptr = (char*)st + align(sizeof(OpusMSEncoder)); for (s=0;s<st->layout.nb_streams;s++)
{
OpusEncoder *enc;
enc = (OpusEncoder*)ptr; if (s < st->layout.nb_coupled_streams)
ptr += align(coupled_size); else
ptr += align(mono_size);
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_BITRATE(bitrates[s])); if (st->mapping_type == MAPPING_TYPE_SURROUND)
{
opus_int32 equiv_rate;
equiv_rate = st->bitrate_bps; if (frame_size*50 < Fs)
equiv_rate -= 60*(Fs/frame_size - 50)*st->layout.nb_channels; if (equiv_rate > 10000*st->layout.nb_channels)
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_BANDWIDTH(OPUS_BANDWIDTH_FULLBAND)); elseif (equiv_rate > 7000*st->layout.nb_channels)
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_BANDWIDTH(OPUS_BANDWIDTH_SUPERWIDEBAND)); elseif (equiv_rate > 5000*st->layout.nb_channels)
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_BANDWIDTH(OPUS_BANDWIDTH_WIDEBAND)); else
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_BANDWIDTH(OPUS_BANDWIDTH_NARROWBAND)); if (s < st->layout.nb_coupled_streams)
{ /* To preserve the spatial image, force stereo CELT on coupled streams */
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_FORCE_MODE(MODE_CELT_ONLY));
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_FORCE_CHANNELS(2));
}
} elseif (st->mapping_type == MAPPING_TYPE_AMBISONICS) {
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_FORCE_MODE(MODE_CELT_ONLY));
}
}
ptr = (char*)st + align(sizeof(OpusMSEncoder)); /* Counting ToC */
tot_size = 0; for (s=0;s<st->layout.nb_streams;s++)
{
OpusEncoder *enc; int len; int curr_max; int c1, c2; int ret;
opus_repacketizer_init(&rp);
enc = (OpusEncoder*)ptr; if (s < st->layout.nb_coupled_streams)
{ int i; int left, right;
left = get_left_channel(&st->layout, s, -1);
right = get_right_channel(&st->layout, s, -1);
(*copy_channel_in)(buf, 2,
pcm, st->layout.nb_channels, left, frame_size, user_data);
(*copy_channel_in)(buf+1, 2,
pcm, st->layout.nb_channels, right, frame_size, user_data);
ptr += align(coupled_size); if (st->mapping_type == MAPPING_TYPE_SURROUND)
{ for (i=0;i<21;i++)
{
bandLogE[i] = bandSMR[21*left+i];
bandLogE[21+i] = bandSMR[21*right+i];
}
}
c1 = left;
c2 = right;
} else { int i; int chan = get_mono_channel(&st->layout, s, -1);
(*copy_channel_in)(buf, 1,
pcm, st->layout.nb_channels, chan, frame_size, user_data);
ptr += align(mono_size); if (st->mapping_type == MAPPING_TYPE_SURROUND)
{ for (i=0;i<21;i++)
bandLogE[i] = bandSMR[21*chan+i];
}
c1 = chan;
c2 = -1;
} if (st->mapping_type == MAPPING_TYPE_SURROUND)
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_ENERGY_MASK(bandLogE)); /* number of bytes left (+Toc) */
curr_max = max_data_bytes - tot_size; /* Reserve one byte for the last stream and two for the others */
curr_max -= IMAX(0,2*(st->layout.nb_streams-s-1)-1); /* For 100 ms, reserve an extra byte per stream for the ToC */ if (Fs/frame_size == 10)
curr_max -= st->layout.nb_streams-s-1;
curr_max = IMIN(curr_max,MS_FRAME_TMP); /* Repacketizer will add one or two bytes for self-delimited frames */ if (s != st->layout.nb_streams-1) curr_max -= curr_max>253 ? 2 : 1; if (!vbr && s == st->layout.nb_streams-1)
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_SET_BITRATE(curr_max*(8*Fs/frame_size)));
len = opus_encode_native(enc, buf, frame_size, tmp_data, curr_max, lsb_depth,
pcm, analysis_frame_size, c1, c2, st->layout.nb_channels, downmix, float_api); if (len<0)
{
RESTORE_STACK; return len;
} /* We need to use the repacketizer to add the self-delimiting lengths while taking into account the fact that the encoder can now return
more than one frame at a time (e.g. 60 ms CELT-only) */
ret = opus_repacketizer_cat(&rp, tmp_data, len); /* If the opus_repacketizer_cat() fails, then something's seriously wrong
with the encoder. */ if (ret != OPUS_OK)
{
RESTORE_STACK; return OPUS_INTERNAL_ERROR;
}
len = opus_repacketizer_out_range_impl(&rp, 0, opus_repacketizer_get_nb_frames(&rp),
data, max_data_bytes-tot_size, s != st->layout.nb_streams-1, !vbr && s == st->layout.nb_streams-1, NULL, 0);
data += len;
tot_size += len;
} /*printf("\n");*/
RESTORE_STACK; return tot_size;
}
#if !defined(DISABLE_FLOAT_API) staticvoid opus_copy_channel_in_float(
opus_val16 *dst, int dst_stride, constvoid *src, int src_stride, int src_channel, int frame_size, void *user_data
)
{ constfloat *float_src;
opus_int32 i;
(void)user_data;
float_src = (constfloat *)src; for (i=0;i<frame_size;i++) #ifdefined(FIXED_POINT)
dst[i*dst_stride] = FLOAT2INT16(float_src[i*src_stride+src_channel]); #else
dst[i*dst_stride] = float_src[i*src_stride+src_channel]; #endif
} #endif
staticvoid opus_copy_channel_in_short(
opus_val16 *dst, int dst_stride, constvoid *src, int src_stride, int src_channel, int frame_size, void *user_data
)
{ const opus_int16 *short_src;
opus_int32 i;
(void)user_data;
short_src = (const opus_int16 *)src; for (i=0;i<frame_size;i++) #ifdefined(FIXED_POINT)
dst[i*dst_stride] = short_src[i*src_stride+src_channel]; #else
dst[i*dst_stride] = (1/32768.f)*short_src[i*src_stride+src_channel]; #endif
}
int opus_multistream_encoder_ctl_va_list(OpusMSEncoder *st, int request,
va_list ap)
{ int coupled_size, mono_size; char *ptr; int ret = OPUS_OK;
coupled_size = opus_encoder_get_size(2);
mono_size = opus_encoder_get_size(1);
ptr = (char*)st + align(sizeof(OpusMSEncoder)); switch (request)
{ case OPUS_SET_BITRATE_REQUEST:
{
opus_int32 value = va_arg(ap, opus_int32); if (value != OPUS_AUTO && value != OPUS_BITRATE_MAX)
{ if (value <= 0) goto bad_arg;
value = IMIN(300000*st->layout.nb_channels, IMAX(500*st->layout.nb_channels, value));
}
st->bitrate_bps = value;
} break; case OPUS_GET_BITRATE_REQUEST:
{ int s;
opus_int32 *value = va_arg(ap, opus_int32*); if (!value)
{ goto bad_arg;
}
*value = 0; for (s=0;s<st->layout.nb_streams;s++)
{
opus_int32 rate;
OpusEncoder *enc;
enc = (OpusEncoder*)ptr; if (s < st->layout.nb_coupled_streams)
ptr += align(coupled_size); else
ptr += align(mono_size);
opus_encoder_ctl(enc, request, &rate);
*value += rate;
}
} break; case OPUS_GET_LSB_DEPTH_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_VBR_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_APPLICATION_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_BANDWIDTH_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_COMPLEXITY_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_PACKET_LOSS_PERC_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_DTX_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_VOICE_RATIO_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_VBR_CONSTRAINT_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_SIGNAL_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_LOOKAHEAD_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_SAMPLE_RATE_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_INBAND_FEC_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_FORCE_CHANNELS_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_PREDICTION_DISABLED_REQUEST: case OPUS_GET_PHASE_INVERSION_DISABLED_REQUEST:
{
OpusEncoder *enc; /* For int32* GET params, just query the first stream */
opus_int32 *value = va_arg(ap, opus_int32*);
enc = (OpusEncoder*)ptr;
ret = opus_encoder_ctl(enc, request, value);
} break; case OPUS_GET_FINAL_RANGE_REQUEST:
{ int s;
opus_uint32 *value = va_arg(ap, opus_uint32*);
opus_uint32 tmp; if (!value)
{ goto bad_arg;
}
*value=0; for (s=0;s<st->layout.nb_streams;s++)
{
OpusEncoder *enc;
enc = (OpusEncoder*)ptr; if (s < st->layout.nb_coupled_streams)
ptr += align(coupled_size); else
ptr += align(mono_size);
ret = opus_encoder_ctl(enc, request, &tmp); if (ret != OPUS_OK) break;
*value ^= tmp;
}
} break; case OPUS_SET_LSB_DEPTH_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_COMPLEXITY_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_VBR_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_VBR_CONSTRAINT_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_MAX_BANDWIDTH_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_BANDWIDTH_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_SIGNAL_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_APPLICATION_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_INBAND_FEC_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_PACKET_LOSS_PERC_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_DTX_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_FORCE_MODE_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_FORCE_CHANNELS_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_PREDICTION_DISABLED_REQUEST: case OPUS_SET_PHASE_INVERSION_DISABLED_REQUEST:
{ int s; /* This works for int32 params */
opus_int32 value = va_arg(ap, opus_int32); for (s=0;s<st->layout.nb_streams;s++)
{
OpusEncoder *enc;
enc = (OpusEncoder*)ptr; if (s < st->layout.nb_coupled_streams)
ptr += align(coupled_size); else
ptr += align(mono_size);
ret = opus_encoder_ctl(enc, request, value); if (ret != OPUS_OK) break;
}
} break; case OPUS_MULTISTREAM_GET_ENCODER_STATE_REQUEST:
{ int s;
opus_int32 stream_id;
OpusEncoder **value;
stream_id = va_arg(ap, opus_int32); if (stream_id<0 || stream_id >= st->layout.nb_streams) goto bad_arg;
value = va_arg(ap, OpusEncoder**); if (!value)
{ goto bad_arg;
} for (s=0;s<stream_id;s++)
{ if (s < st->layout.nb_coupled_streams)
ptr += align(coupled_size); else
ptr += align(mono_size);
}
*value = (OpusEncoder*)ptr;
} break; case OPUS_SET_EXPERT_FRAME_DURATION_REQUEST:
{
opus_int32 value = va_arg(ap, opus_int32);
st->variable_duration = value;
} break; case OPUS_GET_EXPERT_FRAME_DURATION_REQUEST:
{
opus_int32 *value = va_arg(ap, opus_int32*); if (!value)
{ goto bad_arg;
}
*value = st->variable_duration;
} break; case OPUS_RESET_STATE:
{ int s; if (st->mapping_type == MAPPING_TYPE_SURROUND)
{
OPUS_CLEAR(ms_get_preemph_mem(st), st->layout.nb_channels);
OPUS_CLEAR(ms_get_window_mem(st), st->layout.nb_channels*120);
} for (s=0;s<st->layout.nb_streams;s++)
{
OpusEncoder *enc;
enc = (OpusEncoder*)ptr; if (s < st->layout.nb_coupled_streams)
ptr += align(coupled_size); else
ptr += align(mono_size);
ret = opus_encoder_ctl(enc, OPUS_RESET_STATE); if (ret != OPUS_OK) break;
}
} break; default:
ret = OPUS_UNIMPLEMENTED; break;
} return ret;
bad_arg: return OPUS_BAD_ARG;
}
int opus_multistream_encoder_ctl(OpusMSEncoder *st, int request, ...)
{ int ret;
va_list ap;
va_start(ap, request);
ret = opus_multistream_encoder_ctl_va_list(st, request, ap);
va_end(ap); return ret;
}
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