/*
* Copyright 2017 The WebRTC Project Authors. All rights reserved.
*
* Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license
* that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source
* tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found
* in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may
* be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree.
*/
#include "api/candidate.h"
#include <algorithm>
// IWYU pragma: keep
#include <cstddef>
#include <cstdint>
#include <optional>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include "absl/strings/str_cat.h"
#include "absl/strings/string_view.h"
#include "api/rtc_error.h"
#include "p2p/base/p2p_constants.h"
#include "rtc_base/checks.h"
#include "rtc_base/crc32.h"
#include "rtc_base/crypto_random.h"
#include "rtc_base/ip_address.h"
#include "rtc_base/net_helper.h"
#include "rtc_base/network_constants.h"
#include "rtc_base/socket_address.h"
#include "rtc_base/string_encode.h"
#include "rtc_base/strings/string_builder.h"
using webrtc::IceCandidateType;
namespace webrtc {
namespace {
constexpr char kLineTypeAttributes =
'a';
constexpr char kAttributeCandidate[] =
"candidate";
constexpr char kAttributeCandidateTyp[] =
"typ";
constexpr char kAttributeCandidateRaddr[] =
"raddr";
constexpr char kAttributeCandidateRport[] =
"rport";
constexpr char kAttributeCandidateUfrag[] =
"ufrag";
constexpr char kAttributeCandidateGeneration[] =
"generation";
constexpr char kAttributeCandidateNetworkId[] =
"network-id";
constexpr char kAttributeCandidateNetworkCost[] =
"network-cost";
constexpr char kAttributeCandidatePwd[] =
"pwd";
constexpr absl::string_view kSdpDelimiterColon =
":";
constexpr char kSdpDelimiterColonChar = kSdpDelimiterColon[
0];
constexpr char kSdpDelimiterSpaceChar =
' ';
constexpr char kSdpDelimiterEqualChar =
'=';
constexpr char kNewLineChar =
'\n';
constexpr char kReturnChar =
'\r';
constexpr char kCandidateHost[] =
"host";
constexpr char kCandidateSrflx[] =
"srflx";
constexpr char kCandidatePrflx[] =
"prflx";
constexpr char kCandidateRelay[] =
"relay";
// Backwards compatibility.
constexpr char kTcpCandidateType[] =
"tcptype";
absl::string_view TrimReturnChar(absl::string_view line) {
if (!line.empty() && line.back() == kReturnChar) {
line.remove_suffix(
1);
}
return line;
}
bool IsValidPort(int port) {
return port >=
0 && port <=
65535;
}
// Returns the `candidate-attribute` as described in:
// https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5245#section-15.1
std::string BuildCandidate(
const Candidate& candidate,
bool include_ufrag) {
StringBuilder os;
os << kAttributeCandidate;
absl::string_view type = candidate.type_name();
os << kSdpDelimiterColon << candidate.foundation() <<
" "
<< candidate.component() <<
" " << candidate.protocol() <<
" "
<< candidate.priority() <<
" "
<< (candidate.address().ipaddr().IsNil()
? candidate.address().hostname()
: candidate.address().ipaddr().ToString())
<<
" " << candidate.address().PortAsString() <<
" "
<< kAttributeCandidateTyp <<
" " << type <<
" ";
// Related address
if (!candidate.related_address().IsNil()) {
os << kAttributeCandidateRaddr <<
" "
<< candidate.related_address().ipaddr().ToString() <<
" "
<< kAttributeCandidateRport <<
" "
<< candidate.related_address().PortAsString() <<
" ";
}
// Note that we allow the tcptype to be missing, for backwards
// compatibility; the implementation treats this as a passive candidate.
// TODO(bugs.webrtc.org/11466): Treat a missing tcptype as an error?
if (candidate.protocol() == TCP_PROTOCOL_NAME &&
!candidate.tcptype().empty()) {
os << kTcpCandidateType <<
" " << candidate.tcptype() <<
" ";
}
// Extensions
os << kAttributeCandidateGeneration <<
" " << candidate.generation();
if (include_ufrag && !candidate.username().empty()) {
os <<
" " << kAttributeCandidateUfrag <<
" " << candidate.username();
}
if (candidate.network_id() >
0) {
os <<
" " << kAttributeCandidateNetworkId <<
" " << candidate.network_id();
}
if (candidate.network_cost() >
0) {
os <<
" " << kAttributeCandidateNetworkCost <<
" "
<< candidate.network_cost();
}
return os.str();
}
// From WebRTC draft section 4.8.1.1 candidate-attribute should be
// candidate:<candidate> when trickled.
RTCErrorOr<Candidate> ParseCandidate(absl::string_view message) {
// Makes sure `message` contains only one line.
absl::string_view first_line;
size_t line_end = message.find(kNewLineChar);
if (line_end == absl::string_view::npos) {
first_line = message;
}
else if (line_end +
1 == message.size()) {
first_line = message.substr(
0, line_end);
}
else {
return RTCError::InvalidParameter(
"Expect one line only");
}
// For backwards compatibility, don't fail if the supplied string is in the
// form of "a=candidate...". If we encounter that, ignore the first 2
// characters and continue.
if (first_line.length() >
2 && first_line[
0] == kLineTypeAttributes &&
first_line[
1] == kSdpDelimiterEqualChar) {
first_line = first_line.substr(
2);
}
// Trim return char, if any.
first_line = TrimReturnChar(first_line);
std::string attribute_candidate;
std::string candidate_value;
// `first_line` must be in the form of "candidate:<value>".
if (!tokenize_first(first_line, kSdpDelimiterColonChar, &attribute_candidate,
&candidate_value) ||
attribute_candidate != kAttributeCandidate) {
return RTCError::InvalidParameter() <<
"Expected " << kAttributeCandidate
<<
" got " << attribute_candidate;
}
std::vector<absl::string_view> fields =
split(candidate_value, kSdpDelimiterSpaceChar);
// RFC 5245
// a=candidate:<foundation> <component-id> <transport> <priority>
// <connection-address> <port> typ <candidate-types>
// [raddr <connection-address>] [rport <port>]
// *(SP extension-att-name SP extension-att-value)
const size_t expected_min_fields =
8;
if (fields.size() < expected_min_fields ||
(fields[
6] != kAttributeCandidateTyp)) {
return RTCError::InvalidParameter()
<<
"Expect at least " << expected_min_fields <<
" fields.";
}
const absl::string_view foundation = fields[
0];
int component_id =
0;
if (!FromString(fields[
1], &component_id)) {
return RTCError(RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
"Invalid component id");
}
const absl::string_view transport = fields[
2];
uint32_t priority =
0;
if (!FromString(fields[
3], &priority)) {
return RTCError(RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
"Invalid priority");
}
int port =
0;
if (!FromString(fields[
5], &port) || !IsValidPort(port)) {
return RTCError(RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
"Invalid port");
}
const absl::string_view connection_address = fields[
4];
SocketAddress address(connection_address, port);
std::optional<ProtocolType> protocol = StringToProto(transport);
if (!protocol) {
return RTCError::InvalidParameter(
"Unsupported transport type");
}
bool tcp_protocol = false;
switch (*protocol) {
// Supported protocols.
case PROTO_UDP:
break;
case PROTO_TCP:
case PROTO_SSLTCP:
tcp_protocol =
true;
break;
default:
return RTCError::InvalidParameter(
"Unsupported protocol");
}
IceCandidateType candidate_type;
const absl::string_view type = fields[
7];
if (type == kCandidateHost) {
candidate_type = IceCandidateType::kHost;
}
else if (type == kCandidateSrflx) {
candidate_type = IceCandidateType::kSrflx;
}
else if (type == kCandidateRelay) {
candidate_type = IceCandidateType::kRelay;
}
else if (type == kCandidatePrflx) {
candidate_type = IceCandidateType::kPrflx;
}
else {
return RTCError::InvalidParameter(
"Unsupported candidate type");
}
size_t current_position = expected_min_fields;
SocketAddress related_address;
// The 2 optional fields for related address
// [raddr <connection-address>] [rport <port>]
if (fields.size() >= (current_position +
2) &&
fields[current_position] == kAttributeCandidateRaddr) {
related_address.SetIP(fields[++current_position]);
++current_position;
}
if (fields.size() >= (current_position +
2) &&
fields[current_position] == kAttributeCandidateRport) {
int related_port =
0;
if (!FromString(fields[++current_position], &related_port) ||
!IsValidPort(related_port)) {
return RTCError(RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
"Invalid port");
}
related_address.SetPort(related_port);
++current_position;
}
// If this is a TCP candidate, it has additional extension as defined in
// RFC 6544.
absl::string_view tcptype;
if (fields.size() >= (current_position +
2) &&
fields[current_position] == kTcpCandidateType) {
tcptype = fields[++current_position];
++current_position;
if (tcptype != TCPTYPE_ACTIVE_STR && tcptype != TCPTYPE_PASSIVE_STR &&
tcptype != TCPTYPE_SIMOPEN_STR) {
return RTCError(RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
"Invalid TCP candidate type");
}
if (!tcp_protocol) {
return RTCError(RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
"Invalid non-TCP candidate");
}
}
else if (tcp_protocol) {
// We allow the tcptype to be missing, for backwards compatibility,
// treating it as a passive candidate.
// TODO(bugs.webrtc.org/11466): Treat a missing tcptype as an error?
tcptype = TCPTYPE_PASSIVE_STR;
}
// Extension
// Though non-standard, we support the ICE ufrag and pwd being signaled on
// the candidate to avoid issues with confusing which generation a candidate
// belongs to when trickling multiple generations at the same time.
absl::string_view username;
absl::string_view password;
uint32_t generation =
0;
uint16_t network_id =
0;
uint16_t network_cost =
0;
for (size_t i = current_position; i +
1 < fields.size(); ++i) {
// RFC 5245
// *(SP extension-att-name SP extension-att-value)
if (fields[i] == kAttributeCandidateGeneration) {
if (!FromString(fields[++i], &generation)) {
return RTCError(
RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
absl::StrCat(
"Invalid ", kAttributeCandidateGeneration));
}
}
else if (fields[i] == kAttributeCandidateUfrag) {
username = fields[++i];
}
else if (fields[i] == kAttributeCandidatePwd) {
password = fields[++i];
}
else if (fields[i] == kAttributeCandidateNetworkId) {
if (!FromString(fields[++i], &network_id)) {
return RTCError(RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
absl::StrCat(
"Invalid ", kAttributeCandidateNetworkId));
}
}
else if (fields[i] == kAttributeCandidateNetworkCost) {
if (!FromString(fields[++i], &network_cost)) {
return RTCError(
RTCErrorType::SYNTAX_ERROR,
absl::StrCat(
"Invalid ", kAttributeCandidateNetworkCost));
}
network_cost = std::min(network_cost, kNetworkCostMax);
}
else {
// Skip the unknown extension.
++i;
}
}
Candidate candidate(component_id, ProtoToString(*protocol), address, priority,
username, password, candidate_type, generation,
foundation, network_id, network_cost);
candidate.set_related_address(related_address);
candidate.set_tcptype(tcptype);
return candidate;
}
}
// namespace
absl::string_view IceCandidateTypeToString(IceCandidateType type) {
switch (type) {
case IceCandidateType::kHost:
return kCandidateHost;
case IceCandidateType::kSrflx:
return kCandidateSrflx;
case IceCandidateType::kPrflx:
return kCandidatePrflx;
case IceCandidateType::kRelay:
return kCandidateRelay;
}
}
std::optional<IceCandidateType> StringToIceCandidateType(
absl::string_view type) {
if (type == kCandidateHost) {
return IceCandidateType::kHost;
}
else if (type == kCandidateSrflx) {
return IceCandidateType::kSrflx;
}
else if (type == kCandidatePrflx) {
return IceCandidateType::kPrflx;
}
else if (type == kCandidateRelay) {
return IceCandidateType::kRelay;
}
return std::nullopt;
}
// static
RTCErrorOr<Candidate> Candidate::ParseCandidateString(
absl::string_view message) {
return ParseCandidate(message);
}
Candidate::Candidate()
: id_(CreateRandomString(
8)),
component_(ICE_CANDIDATE_COMPONENT_DEFAULT),
priority_(
0),
network_type_(ADAPTER_TYPE_UNKNOWN),
underlying_type_for_vpn_(ADAPTER_TYPE_UNKNOWN),
generation_(
0),
network_id_(
0),
network_cost_(
0),
network_slice_(NetworkSlice::NO_SLICE) {}
Candidate::Candidate(int component,
absl::string_view protocol,
const SocketAddress& address,
uint32_t priority,
absl::string_view username,
absl::string_view password,
IceCandidateType type,
uint32_t generation,
absl::string_view foundation,
uint16_t network_id
/*= 0*/,
uint16_t network_cost
/*= 0*/)
: id_(CreateRandomString(
8)),
component_(component),
protocol_(protocol),
address_(address),
priority_(priority),
username_(username),
password_(password),
type_(type),
network_type_(ADAPTER_TYPE_UNKNOWN),
underlying_type_for_vpn_(ADAPTER_TYPE_UNKNOWN),
generation_(generation),
foundation_(foundation),
network_id_(network_id),
network_cost_(network_cost),
network_slice_(NetworkSlice::NO_SLICE) {}
Candidate::Candidate(
const Candidate&) =
default;
Candidate::~Candidate() =
default;
void Candidate::generate_id() {
id_ = CreateRandomString(
8);
}
bool Candidate::is_local()
const {
return type_ == IceCandidateType::kHost;
}
bool Candidate::is_stun()
const {
return type_ == IceCandidateType::kSrflx;
}
bool Candidate::is_prflx()
const {
return type_ == IceCandidateType::kPrflx;
}
bool Candidate::is_relay()
const {
return type_ == IceCandidateType::kRelay;
}
absl::string_view Candidate::type_name()
const {
return IceCandidateTypeToString(type_);
}
bool Candidate::IsEquivalent(
const Candidate& c)
const {
// We ignore the network name, since that is just debug information, and
// the priority and the network cost, since they should be the same if the
// rest are.
return (component_ == c.component_) && (protocol_ == c.protocol_) &&
(address_ == c.address_) && (username_ == c.username_) &&
(password_ == c.password_) && (type_ == c.type_) &&
(generation_ == c.generation_) && (foundation_ == c.foundation_) &&
(related_address_ == c.related_address_) &&
(network_id_ == c.network_id_);
}
bool Candidate::MatchesForRemoval(
const Candidate& c)
const {
return component_ == c.component_ && protocol_ == c.protocol_ &&
address_ == c.address_;
}
std::string Candidate::ToStringInternal(
bool sensitive)
const {
StringBuilder ost;
std::string address =
sensitive ? address_.ToSensitiveString() : address_.ToString();
std::string related_address = sensitive ? related_address_.ToSensitiveString()
: related_address_.ToString();
ost <<
"Cand[:" << foundation_ <<
":" << component_ <<
":" << protocol_ <<
":"
<< priority_ <<
":" << address <<
":" << type_name() <<
":"
<< related_address <<
":" << username_ <<
":" << password_ <<
":"
<< network_id_ <<
":" << network_cost_ <<
":" << generation_ <<
"]";
return ost.Release();
}
std::string Candidate::ToCandidateAttribute(
bool include_ufrag)
const {
return BuildCandidate(*
this, include_ufrag);
}
uint32_t Candidate::GetPriority(uint32_t type_preference,
int network_adapter_preference,
int relay_preference,
bool adjust_local_preference)
const {
// RFC 5245 - 4.1.2.1.
// priority = (2^24)*(type preference) +
// (2^8)*(local preference) +
// (2^0)*(256 - component ID)
// `local_preference` length is 2 bytes, 0-65535 inclusive.
// In our implemenation we will partion local_preference into
// 0 1
// 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5
// +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
// | NIC Pref | Addr Pref |
// +-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+-+
// NIC Type - Type of the network adapter e.g. 3G/Wifi/Wired.
// Addr Pref - Address preference value as per RFC 3484.
// local preference = (NIC Type << 8 | Addr_Pref) + relay preference.
// The relay preference is based on the number of TURN servers, the
// first TURN server gets the highest preference.
int addr_pref = IPAddressPrecedence(address_.ipaddr());
int local_preference =
((network_adapter_preference <<
8) | addr_pref) + relay_preference;
// Ensure that the added relay preference will not result in a relay candidate
// whose STUN priority attribute has a higher priority than a server-reflexive
// candidate.
// The STUN priority attribute is calculated as
// (peer-reflexive type preference) << 24 | (priority & 0x00FFFFFF)
// as described in
// https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5245#section-7.1.2.1
// To satisfy that condition, add kMaxTurnServers to the local preference.
// This can not overflow the field width since the highest "NIC pref"
// assigned is kHighestNetworkPreference = 127
RTC_DCHECK_LT(local_preference + kMaxTurnServers,
0x10000);
if (adjust_local_preference && relay_protocol_.empty()) {
local_preference += kMaxTurnServers;
}
return (type_preference <<
24) | (local_preference <<
8) | (
256 - component_);
}
bool Candidate::
operator==(
const Candidate& o)
const {
return id_ == o.id_ && component_ == o.component_ &&
protocol_ == o.protocol_ && relay_protocol_ == o.relay_protocol_ &&
address_ == o.address_ && priority_ == o.priority_ &&
username_ == o.username_ && password_ == o.password_ &&
type_ == o.type_ && network_name_ == o.network_name_ &&
network_type_ == o.network_type_ && generation_ == o.generation_ &&
foundation_ == o.foundation_ &&
related_address_ == o.related_address_ && tcptype_ == o.tcptype_ &&
network_id_ == o.network_id_ && network_slice_ == o.network_slice_;
}
bool Candidate::
operator!=(
const Candidate& o)
const {
return !(*
this == o);
}
Candidate Candidate::ToSanitizedCopy(
bool use_hostname_address,
bool filter_related_address,
bool filter_ufrag)
const {
Candidate copy(*
this);
if (use_hostname_address) {
IPAddress ip;
if (address().hostname().empty()) {
// IP needs to be redacted, but no hostname available.
SocketAddress redacted_addr(
"redacted-ip.invalid", address().port());
copy.set_address(redacted_addr);
}
else if (IPFromString(address().hostname(), &ip)) {
// The hostname is an IP literal, and needs to be redacted too.
SocketAddress redacted_addr(
"redacted-literal.invalid", address().port());
copy.set_address(redacted_addr);
}
else {
SocketAddress hostname_only_addr(address().hostname(), address().port());
copy.set_address(hostname_only_addr);
}
}
if (filter_related_address) {
copy.set_related_address(
EmptySocketAddressWithFamily(copy.address().family()));
}
if (filter_ufrag) {
copy.set_username(
"");
}
return copy;
}
void Candidate::ComputeFoundation(
const SocketAddress& base_address,
uint64_t tie_breaker) {
// https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5245#section-4.1.1.3
// The foundation is an identifier, scoped within a session. Two candidates
// MUST have the same foundation ID when all of the following are true:
//
// o they are of the same type.
// o their bases have the same IP address (the ports can be different).
// o for reflexive and relayed candidates, the STUN or TURN servers used to
// obtain them have the same IP address.
// o they were obtained using the same transport protocol (TCP, UDP, etc.).
//
// Similarly, two candidates MUST have different foundations if their
// types are different, their bases have different IP addresses, the STUN or
// TURN servers used to obtain them have different IP addresses, or their
// transport protocols are different.
StringBuilder sb;
sb << type_name() << base_address.ipaddr().ToString() << protocol_
<< relay_protocol_;
// https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc5245#section-5.2
// [...] it is possible for both agents to mistakenly believe they are
// controlled or controlling. To resolve this, each agent MUST select a random
// number, called the tie-breaker, uniformly distributed between 0 and (2**64)
// - 1 (that is, a 64-bit positive integer). This number is used in
// connectivity checks to detect and repair this case [...]
sb << absl::StrCat(tie_breaker);
foundation_ = absl::StrCat(ComputeCrc32(sb.Release()));
}
void Candidate::ComputePrflxFoundation() {
RTC_DCHECK(is_prflx());
RTC_DCHECK(!id_.empty());
foundation_ = absl::StrCat(ComputeCrc32(id_));
}
void Candidate::Assign(std::string& s, absl::string_view view) {
// Assigning via a temporary object, like s = std::string(view), results in
// binary size bloat. To avoid that, extract pointer and size from the
// string view, and use std::string::assign method.
s.assign(view.data(), view.size());
}
}
// namespace webrtc