/// The common set of methods for date component. /// /// Methods such as [`year`], [`month`], [`day`] and [`weekday`] can be used to get basic /// information about the date. /// /// The `with_*` methods can change the date. /// /// # Warning /// /// The `with_*` methods can be convenient to change a single component of a date, but they must be /// used with some care. Examples to watch out for: /// /// - [`with_year`] changes the year component of a year-month-day value. Don't use this method if /// you want the ordinal to stay the same after changing the year, of if you want the week and /// weekday values to stay the same. /// - Don't combine two `with_*` methods to change two components of the date. For example to /// change both the year and month components of a date. This could fail because an intermediate /// value does not exist, while the final date would be valid. /// /// For more complex changes to a date, it is best to use the methods on [`NaiveDate`] to create a /// new value instead of altering an existing date. /// /// [`year`]: Datelike::year /// [`month`]: Datelike::month /// [`day`]: Datelike::day /// [`weekday`]: Datelike::weekday /// [`with_year`]: Datelike::with_year /// [`NaiveDate`]: crate::NaiveDate pubtrait Datelike: Sized { /// Returns the year number in the [calendar date](./naive/struct.NaiveDate.html#calendar-date). fn year(&self) -> i32;
/// Returns the absolute year number starting from 1 with a boolean flag, /// which is false when the year predates the epoch (BCE/BC) and true otherwise (CE/AD). #[inline] fn year_ce(&self) -> (bool, u32) { let year = self.year(); if year < 1 { (false, (1 - year) as u32) } else { (true, year as u32) }
}
/// Returns the quarter number starting from 1. /// /// The return value ranges from 1 to 4. #[inline] fn quarter(&self) -> u32 {
(self.month() - 1).div_euclid(3) + 1
}
/// Returns the month number starting from 1. /// /// The return value ranges from 1 to 12. fn month(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the month number starting from 0. /// /// The return value ranges from 0 to 11. fn month0(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of month starting from 1. /// /// The return value ranges from 1 to 31. (The last day of month differs by months.) fn day(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of month starting from 0. /// /// The return value ranges from 0 to 30. (The last day of month differs by months.) fn day0(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of year starting from 1. /// /// The return value ranges from 1 to 366. (The last day of year differs by years.) fn ordinal(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of year starting from 0. /// /// The return value ranges from 0 to 365. (The last day of year differs by years.) fn ordinal0(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the day of week. fn weekday(&self) -> Weekday;
/// Returns the ISO week. fn iso_week(&self) -> IsoWeek;
/// Makes a new value with the year number changed, while keeping the same month and day. /// /// This method assumes you want to work on the date as a year-month-day value. Don't use it if /// you want the ordinal to stay the same after changing the year, of if you want the week and /// weekday values to stay the same. /// /// # Errors /// /// Returns `None` when: /// /// - The resulting date does not exist (February 29 in a non-leap year). /// - The year is out of range for [`NaiveDate`]. /// - In case of [`DateTime<Tz>`] if the resulting date and time fall within a timezone /// transition such as from DST to standard time. /// /// [`NaiveDate`]: crate::NaiveDate /// [`DateTime<Tz>`]: crate::DateTime /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use chrono::{Datelike, NaiveDate}; /// /// assert_eq!( /// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2020, 5, 13).unwrap().with_year(2023).unwrap(), /// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2023, 5, 13).unwrap() /// ); /// // Resulting date 2023-02-29 does not exist: /// assert!(NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2020, 2, 29).unwrap().with_year(2023).is_none()); /// /// // Don't use `with_year` if you want the ordinal date to stay the same: /// assert_ne!( /// NaiveDate::from_yo_opt(2020, 100).unwrap().with_year(2023).unwrap(), /// NaiveDate::from_yo_opt(2023, 100).unwrap() // result is 2023-101 /// ); /// ``` fn with_year(&self, year: i32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the month number (starting from 1) changed. /// /// # Errors /// /// Returns `None` when: /// /// - The resulting date does not exist (for example `month(4)` when day of the month is 31). /// - In case of [`DateTime<Tz>`] if the resulting date and time fall within a timezone /// transition such as from DST to standard time. /// - The value for `month` is out of range. /// /// [`DateTime<Tz>`]: crate::DateTime /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use chrono::{Datelike, NaiveDate}; /// /// assert_eq!( /// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2023, 5, 12).unwrap().with_month(9).unwrap(), /// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2023, 9, 12).unwrap() /// ); /// // Resulting date 2023-09-31 does not exist: /// assert!(NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2023, 5, 31).unwrap().with_month(9).is_none()); /// ``` /// /// Don't combine multiple `Datelike::with_*` methods. The intermediate value may not exist. /// ``` /// use chrono::{Datelike, NaiveDate}; /// /// fn with_year_month(date: NaiveDate, year: i32, month: u32) -> Option<NaiveDate> { /// date.with_year(year)?.with_month(month) /// } /// let d = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2020, 2, 29).unwrap(); /// assert!(with_year_month(d, 2019, 1).is_none()); // fails because of invalid intermediate value /// /// // Correct version: /// fn with_year_month_fixed(date: NaiveDate, year: i32, month: u32) -> Option<NaiveDate> { /// NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(year, month, date.day()) /// } /// let d = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2020, 2, 29).unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(with_year_month_fixed(d, 2019, 1), NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2019, 1, 29)); /// ``` fn with_month(&self, month: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the month number (starting from 0) changed. /// /// # Errors /// /// Returns `None` when: /// /// - The resulting date does not exist (for example `month0(3)` when day of the month is 31). /// - In case of [`DateTime<Tz>`] if the resulting date and time fall within a timezone /// transition such as from DST to standard time. /// - The value for `month0` is out of range. /// /// [`DateTime<Tz>`]: crate::DateTime fn with_month0(&self, month0: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the day of month (starting from 1) changed. /// /// # Errors /// /// Returns `None` when: /// /// - The resulting date does not exist (for example `day(31)` in April). /// - In case of [`DateTime<Tz>`] if the resulting date and time fall within a timezone /// transition such as from DST to standard time. /// - The value for `day` is out of range. /// /// [`DateTime<Tz>`]: crate::DateTime fn with_day(&self, day: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the day of month (starting from 0) changed. /// /// # Errors /// /// Returns `None` when: /// /// - The resulting date does not exist (for example `day0(30)` in April). /// - In case of [`DateTime<Tz>`] if the resulting date and time fall within a timezone /// transition such as from DST to standard time. /// - The value for `day0` is out of range. /// /// [`DateTime<Tz>`]: crate::DateTime fn with_day0(&self, day0: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the day of year (starting from 1) changed. /// /// # Errors /// /// Returns `None` when: /// /// - The resulting date does not exist (`with_ordinal(366)` in a non-leap year). /// - In case of [`DateTime<Tz>`] if the resulting date and time fall within a timezone /// transition such as from DST to standard time. /// - The value for `ordinal` is out of range. /// /// [`DateTime<Tz>`]: crate::DateTime fn with_ordinal(&self, ordinal: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the day of year (starting from 0) changed. /// /// # Errors /// /// Returns `None` when: /// /// - The resulting date does not exist (`with_ordinal0(365)` in a non-leap year). /// - In case of [`DateTime<Tz>`] if the resulting date and time fall within a timezone /// transition such as from DST to standard time. /// - The value for `ordinal0` is out of range. /// /// [`DateTime<Tz>`]: crate::DateTime fn with_ordinal0(&self, ordinal0: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Counts the days in the proleptic Gregorian calendar, with January 1, Year 1 (CE) as day 1. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use chrono::{Datelike, NaiveDate}; /// /// assert_eq!(NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(1970, 1, 1).unwrap().num_days_from_ce(), 719_163); /// assert_eq!(NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2, 1, 1).unwrap().num_days_from_ce(), 366); /// assert_eq!(NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(1, 1, 1).unwrap().num_days_from_ce(), 1); /// assert_eq!(NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(0, 1, 1).unwrap().num_days_from_ce(), -365); /// ``` fn num_days_from_ce(&self) -> i32 { // See test_num_days_from_ce_against_alternative_impl below for a more straightforward // implementation.
// we know this wouldn't overflow since year is limited to 1/2^13 of i32's full range. letmut year = self.year() - 1; letmut ndays = 0; if year < 0 { let excess = 1 + (-year) / 400;
year += excess * 400;
ndays -= excess * 146_097;
} let div_100 = year / 100;
ndays += ((year * 1461) >> 2) - div_100 + (div_100 >> 2);
ndays + self.ordinal() as i32
}
/// Get the length in days of the month fn num_days_in_month(&self) -> u8 { use num_traits::FromPrimitive; // The value returned from `self.month()` is guaranteed to be in the // range [1,12], which will never result in a `None` value here. let month = Month::from_u32(self.month()).unwrap(); // `Month::num_days` will only return `None` if the provided year is out // of range. Since we are passing it directly from a verified date, we // know it is in range, and the result will never be `None`.
month.num_days(self.year()).unwrap()
}
}
/// The common set of methods for time component. pubtrait Timelike: Sized { /// Returns the hour number from 0 to 23. fn hour(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the hour number from 1 to 12 with a boolean flag, /// which is false for AM and true for PM. #[inline] fn hour12(&self) -> (bool, u32) { let hour = self.hour(); letmut hour12 = hour % 12; if hour12 == 0 {
hour12 = 12;
}
(hour >= 12, hour12)
}
/// Returns the minute number from 0 to 59. fn minute(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the second number from 0 to 59. fn second(&self) -> u32;
/// Returns the number of nanoseconds since the whole non-leap second. /// The range from 1,000,000,000 to 1,999,999,999 represents /// the [leap second](./naive/struct.NaiveTime.html#leap-second-handling). fn nanosecond(&self) -> u32;
/// Makes a new value with the hour number changed. /// /// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid. fn with_hour(&self, hour: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the minute number changed. /// /// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid. fn with_minute(&self, min: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with the second number changed. /// /// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid. /// As with the [`second`](#tymethod.second) method, /// the input range is restricted to 0 through 59. fn with_second(&self, sec: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Makes a new value with nanoseconds since the whole non-leap second changed. /// /// Returns `None` when the resulting value would be invalid. /// As with the [`nanosecond`](#tymethod.nanosecond) method, /// the input range can exceed 1,000,000,000 for leap seconds. fn with_nanosecond(&self, nano: u32) -> Option<Self>;
/// Returns the number of non-leap seconds past the last midnight. /// /// Every value in 00:00:00-23:59:59 maps to an integer in 0-86399. /// /// This method is not intended to provide the real number of seconds since midnight on a given /// day. It does not take things like DST transitions into account. #[inline] fn num_seconds_from_midnight(&self) -> u32 { self.hour() * 3600 + self.minute() * 60 + self.second()
}
}
#[cfg(test)] mod tests { usesuper::Datelike; usecrate::{Days, NaiveDate};
/// Tests `Datelike::num_days_from_ce` against an alternative implementation. /// /// The alternative implementation is not as short as the current one but it is simpler to /// understand, with less unexplained magic constants. #[test] fn test_num_days_from_ce_against_alternative_impl() { /// Returns the number of multiples of `div` in the range `start..end`. /// /// If the range `start..end` is back-to-front, i.e. `start` is greater than `end`, the /// behaviour is defined by the following equation: /// `in_between(start, end, div) == - in_between(end, start, div)`. /// /// When `div` is 1, this is equivalent to `end - start`, i.e. the length of `start..end`. /// /// # Panics /// /// Panics if `div` is not positive. fn in_between(start: i32, end: i32, div: i32) -> i32 {
assert!(div > 0, "in_between: nonpositive div = {div}"); let start = (start.div_euclid(div), start.rem_euclid(div)); let end = (end.div_euclid(div), end.rem_euclid(div)); // The lowest multiple of `div` greater than or equal to `start`, divided. let start = start.0 + (start.1 != 0) as i32; // The lowest multiple of `div` greater than or equal to `end`, divided. let end = end.0 + (end.1 != 0) as i32;
end - start
}
/// Alternative implementation to `Datelike::num_days_from_ce` fn num_days_from_ce<Date: Datelike>(date: &Date) -> i32 { let year = date.year(); let diff = move |div| in_between(1, year, div); // 365 days a year, one more in leap years. In the gregorian calendar, leap years are all // the multiples of 4 except multiples of 100 but including multiples of 400.
date.ordinal() as i32 + 365 * diff(1) + diff(4) - diff(100) + diff(400)
}
for year in NaiveDate::MIN.year()..=NaiveDate::MAX.year() { let jan1_year = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(year, 1, 1).unwrap();
assert_eq!(
jan1_year.num_days_from_ce(),
num_days_from_ce(&jan1_year), "on {jan1_year:?}"
); let mid_year = jan1_year + Days::new(133);
assert_eq!(mid_year.num_days_from_ce(), num_days_from_ce(&mid_year), "on {mid_year:?}");
}
}
#[test] fn test_num_days_in_month() { let feb_leap_year = NaiveDate::from_ymd_opt(2004, 2, 1).unwrap();
assert_eq!(feb_leap_year.num_days_in_month(), 29); let feb = feb_leap_year.with_year(2005).unwrap();
assert_eq!(feb.num_days_in_month(), 28); let march = feb.with_month(3).unwrap();
assert_eq!(march.num_days_in_month(), 31);
}
}
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