//! A crate that provides support for half-precision 16-bit floating point types. //! //! This crate provides the [`struct@f16`] type, which is an implementation of the IEEE 754-2008 standard //! [`binary16`] a.k.a "half" floating point type. This 16-bit floating point type is intended for //! efficient storage where the full range and precision of a larger floating point value is not //! required. This is especially useful for image storage formats. //! //! This crate also provides a [`struct@bf16`] type, an alternative 16-bit floating point format. The //! [`bfloat16`] format is a truncated IEEE 754 standard `binary32` float that preserves the //! exponent to allow the same range as [`f32`] but with only 8 bits of precision (instead of 11 //! bits for [`struct@f16`]). See the [`struct@bf16`] type for details. //! //! Because [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`] are primarily for efficient storage, floating point operations such //! as addition, multiplication, etc. are not always implemented by hardware. When hardware does not //! support these operations, this crate emulates them by converting the value to //! [`f32`] before performing the operation and then back afterward. //! //! Note that conversion from [`f32`]/[`f64`] to both [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`] are lossy operations, and //! just as converting a [`f64`] to [`f32`] is lossy and does not have `Into`/`From` trait //! implementations, so too do these smaller types not have those trait implementations either. //! Instead, use `from_f32`/`from_f64` functions for the types in this crate. If you don't care //! about lossy conversions and need trait conversions, use the appropriate [`num-traits`] //! traits that are implemented. //! //! This crate also provides a [`slice`][mod@slice] module for zero-copy in-place conversions of //! [`u16`] slices to both [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`], as well as efficient vectorized conversions of //! larger buffers of floating point values to and from these half formats. //! //! The crate supports `#[no_std]` when the `std` cargo feature is not enabled, so can be used in //! embedded environments without using the Rust [`std`] library. The `std` feature enables support //! for the standard library and is enabled by default, see the [Cargo Features](#cargo-features) //! section below. //! //! A [`prelude`] module is provided for easy importing of available utility traits. //! //! # Serialization //! //! When the `serde` feature is enabled, [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`] will be serialized as a newtype of //! [`u16`] by default. In binary formats this is ideal, as it will generally use just two bytes for //! storage. For string formats like JSON, however, this isn't as useful, and due to design //! limitations of serde, it's not possible for the default `Serialize` implementation to support //! different serialization for different formats. //! //! Instead, it's up to the containter type of the floats to control how it is serialized. This can //! easily be controlled when using the derive macros using `#[serde(serialize_with="")]` //! attributes. For both [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`] a `serialize_as_f32` and `serialize_as_string` are //! provided for use with this attribute. //! //! Deserialization of both float types supports deserializing from the default serialization, //! strings, and `f32`/`f64` values, so no additional work is required. //! //! # Hardware support //! //! Hardware support for these conversions and arithmetic will be used //! whenever hardware support is available—either through instrinsics or targeted assembly—although //! a nightly Rust toolchain may be required for some hardware. When hardware supports it the //! functions and traits in the [`slice`][mod@slice] and [`vec`] modules will also use vectorized //! SIMD intructions for increased efficiency. //! //! The following list details hardware support for floating point types in this crate. When using //! `std` cargo feature, runtime CPU target detection will be used. To get the most performance //! benefits, compile for specific CPU features which avoids the runtime overhead and works in a //! `no_std` environment. //! //! | Architecture | CPU Target Feature | Notes | //! | ------------ | ------------------ | ----- | //! | `x86`/`x86_64` | `f16c` | This supports conversion to/from [`struct@f16`] only (including vector SIMD) and does not support any [`struct@bf16`] or arithmetic operations. | //! | `aarch64` | `fp16` | This supports all operations on [`struct@f16`] only. | //! //! # Cargo Features //! //! This crate supports a number of optional cargo features. None of these features are enabled by //! default, even `std`. //! //! - **`alloc`** — Enable use of the [`alloc`] crate when not using the `std` library. //! //! Among other functions, this enables the [`vec`] module, which contains zero-copy //! conversions for the [`Vec`] type. This allows fast conversion between raw `Vec<u16>` bits and //! `Vec<f16>` or `Vec<bf16>` arrays, and vice versa. //! //! - **`std`** — Enable features that depend on the Rust [`std`] library. This also enables the //! `alloc` feature automatically. //! //! Enabling the `std` feature enables runtime CPU feature detection of hardware support. //! Without this feature detection, harware is only used when compiler target supports them. //! //! - **`serde`** — Adds support for the [`serde`] crate by implementing [`Serialize`] and //! [`Deserialize`] traits for both [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`]. //! //! - **`num-traits`** — Adds support for the [`num-traits`] crate by implementing [`ToPrimitive`], //! [`FromPrimitive`], [`ToBytes`], `FromBytes`, [`AsPrimitive`], [`Num`], [`Float`], //! [`FloatCore`], and [`Bounded`] traits for both [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`]. //! //! - **`bytemuck`** — Adds support for the [`bytemuck`] crate by implementing [`Zeroable`] and //! [`Pod`] traits for both [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`]. //! //! - **`zerocopy`** — Adds support for the [`zerocopy`] crate by implementing [`IntoBytes`] and //! [`FromBytes`] traits for both [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`]. //! //! - **`rand_distr`** — Adds support for the [`rand_distr`] crate by implementing [`Distribution`] //! and other traits for both [`struct@f16`] and [`struct@bf16`]. //! //! - **`rkyv`** -- Enable zero-copy deserializtion with [`rkyv`] crate. //! //! - **`aribtrary`** -- Enable fuzzing support with [`arbitrary`] crate by implementing //! [`Arbitrary`] trait. //! //! [`alloc`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/alloc/ //! [`std`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/ //! [`binary16`]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Half-precision_floating-point_format //! [`bfloat16`]: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bfloat16_floating-point_format //! [`serde`]: https://crates.io/crates/serde //! [`bytemuck`]: https://crates.io/crates/bytemuck //! [`num-traits`]: https://crates.io/crates/num-traits //! [`zerocopy`]: https://crates.io/crates/zerocopy //! [`rand_distr`]: https://crates.io/crates/rand_distr //! [`rkyv`]: (https://crates.io/crates/rkyv) //! [`arbitrary`]: (https://crates.io/crates/arbitrary) #![cfg_attr(
feature = "alloc",
doc = "
[`vec`]: mod@vec"
)] #![cfg_attr(
not(feature = "alloc"),
doc = "
[`vec`]: java.lang.NullPointerException
[`Vec`]: https://docs.rust-lang.org/stable/alloc/vec/struct.Vec.html"
)] #![cfg_attr(
feature = "serde",
doc = "
[`Serialize`]: serde::Serialize
[`Deserialize`]: serde::Deserialize"
)] #![cfg_attr(
not(feature = "serde"),
doc = "
[`Serialize`]: https://docs.rs/serde/*/serde/trait.Serialize.html
[`Deserialize`]: https://docs.rs/serde/*/serde/trait.Deserialize.html"
)] #![cfg_attr(
feature = "num-traits",
doc = "
[`ToPrimitive`]: ::num_traits::ToPrimitive
[`FromPrimitive`]: ::num_traits::FromPrimitive
[`ToBytes`]: ::num_traits::ToBytes
[`AsPrimitive`]: ::num_traits::AsPrimitive
[`Num`]: ::num_traits::Num
[`Float`]: ::num_traits::Float
[`FloatCore`]: ::num_traits::float::FloatCore
[`Bounded`]: ::num_traits::Bounded"
)] #![cfg_attr(
not(feature = "num-traits"),
doc = "
[`ToPrimitive`]: https://docs.rs/num-traits/*/num_traits/cast/trait.ToPrimitive.html
[`FromPrimitive`]: https://docs.rs/num-traits/*/num_traits/cast/trait.FromPrimitive.html
[`ToBytes`]: https://docs.rs/num-traits/*/num_traits/ops/bytes/trait.ToBytes.html
[`AsPrimitive`]: https://docs.rs/num-traits/*/num_traits/cast/trait.AsPrimitive.html
[`Num`]: https://docs.rs/num-traits/*/num_traits/trait.Num.html
[`Float`]: https://docs.rs/num-traits/*/num_traits/float/trait.Float.html
[`FloatCore`]: https://docs.rs/num-traits/*/num_traits/float/trait.FloatCore.html
[`Bounded`]: https://docs.rs/num-traits/*/num_traits/bounds/trait.Bounded.html"
)] #![cfg_attr(
feature = "bytemuck",
doc = "
[`Zeroable`]: bytemuck::Zeroable
[`Pod`]: bytemuck::Pod"
)] #![cfg_attr(
not(feature = "bytemuck"),
doc = "
[`Zeroable`]: https://docs.rs/bytemuck/*/bytemuck/trait.Zeroable.html
[`Pod`]: https://docs.rs/bytemuck/*bytemuck/trait.Pod.html"
)] #![cfg_attr(
feature = "zerocopy",
doc = "
[`IntoBytes`]: zerocopy::IntoBytes
[`FromBytes`]: zerocopy::FromBytes"
)] #![cfg_attr(
not(feature = "zerocopy"),
doc = "
[`IntoBytes`]: https://docs.rs/zerocopy/*/zerocopy/trait.IntoBytes.html
[`FromBytes`]: https://docs.rs/zerocopy/*/zerocopy/trait.FromBytes.html"
)] #![cfg_attr(
feature = "rand_distr",
doc = "
[`Distribution`]: rand::distr::Distribution"
)] #![cfg_attr(
not(feature = "rand_distr"),
doc = "
[`Distribution`]: https://docs.rs/rand/*/rand/distr/trait.Distribution.html"
)] #![cfg_attr(
feature = "arbitrary",
doc = "
[`Arbitrary`]: arbitrary::Arbitrary"
)] #![cfg_attr(
not(feature = "arbitrary"),
doc = "
[`Arbitrary`]: https://docs.rs/arbitrary/*/arbitrary/trait.Arbitrary.html"
)] #![warn(
missing_docs,
missing_copy_implementations,
trivial_numeric_casts,
future_incompatible
)] #![cfg_attr(not(target_arch = "spirv"), warn(missing_debug_implementations))] #![allow(clippy::verbose_bit_mask, clippy::cast_lossless, unexpected_cfgs)] #![cfg_attr(not(feature = "std"), no_std)] #![doc(html_root_url = "https://docs.rs/half/2.5.0")] #![doc(test(attr(deny(warnings), allow(unused))))] #![cfg_attr(docsrs, feature(doc_auto_cfg))]
#[cfg(feature = "alloc")] externcrate alloc;
mod bfloat; mod binary16; mod leading_zeros; #[cfg(feature = "num-traits")] mod num_traits;
/// A collection of the most used items and traits in this crate for easy importing. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```rust /// use half::prelude::*; /// ``` pubmod prelude { #[doc(no_inline)] pubusecrate::{bf16, f16};
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