/// User identifier /// /// Newtype pattern around `uid_t` (which is just alias). It prevents bugs caused by accidentally /// passing wrong value. #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)] pubstruct Uid(uid_t);
impl Uid { /// Creates `Uid` from raw `uid_t`. pubconstfn from_raw(uid: uid_t) -> Self {
Uid(uid)
}
/// Returns Uid of calling process. This is practically a more Rusty alias for `getuid`. #[doc(alias("getuid"))] pubfn current() -> Self {
getuid()
}
/// Returns effective Uid of calling process. This is practically a more Rusty alias for `geteuid`. #[doc(alias("geteuid"))] pubfn effective() -> Self {
geteuid()
}
/// Returns true if the `Uid` represents privileged user - root. (If it equals zero.) pubconstfn is_root(self) -> bool { self.0 == ROOT.0
}
/// Get the raw `uid_t` wrapped by `self`. pubconstfn as_raw(self) -> uid_t { self.0
}
}
/// Group identifier /// /// Newtype pattern around `gid_t` (which is just alias). It prevents bugs caused by accidentally /// passing wrong value. #[derive(Debug, Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)] pubstruct Gid(gid_t);
impl Gid { /// Creates `Gid` from raw `gid_t`. pubconstfn from_raw(gid: gid_t) -> Self {
Gid(gid)
}
/// Returns Gid of calling process. This is practically a more Rusty alias for `getgid`. #[doc(alias("getgid"))] pubfn current() -> Self {
getgid()
}
/// Returns effective Gid of calling process. This is practically a more Rusty alias for `getegid`. #[doc(alias("getegid"))] pubfn effective() -> Self {
getegid()
}
/// Get the raw `gid_t` wrapped by `self`. pubconstfn as_raw(self) -> gid_t { self.0
}
}
/// Represents the successful result of calling `fork` /// /// When `fork` is called, the process continues execution in the parent process /// and in the new child. This return type can be examined to determine whether /// you are now executing in the parent process or in the child. #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)] pubenum ForkResult { /// This is the parent process of the fork.
Parent { /// The PID of the fork's child process
child: Pid
}, /// This is the child process of the fork.
Child,
}
impl ForkResult { /// Return `true` if this is the child process of the `fork()` #[inline] pubfn is_child(self) -> bool {
matches!(self, ForkResult::Child)
}
/// Returns `true` if this is the parent process of the `fork()` #[inline] pubfn is_parent(self) -> bool {
!self.is_child()
}
}
/// Create a new child process duplicating the parent process ([see /// fork(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fork.html)). /// /// After successfully calling the fork system call, a second process will /// be created which is identical to the original except for the pid and the /// return value of this function. As an example: /// /// ``` /// use nix::{sys::wait::waitpid,unistd::{fork, ForkResult, write}}; /// /// match unsafe{fork()} { /// Ok(ForkResult::Parent { child, .. }) => { /// println!("Continuing execution in parent process, new child has pid: {}", child); /// waitpid(child, None).unwrap(); /// } /// Ok(ForkResult::Child) => { /// // Unsafe to use `println!` (or `unwrap`) here. See Safety. /// write(std::io::stdout(), "I'm a new child process\n".as_bytes()).ok(); /// unsafe { libc::_exit(0) }; /// } /// Err(_) => println!("Fork failed"), /// } /// ``` /// /// This will print something like the following (order nondeterministic). The /// thing to note is that you end up with two processes continuing execution /// immediately after the fork call but with different match arms. /// /// ```text /// Continuing execution in parent process, new child has pid: 1234 /// I'm a new child process /// ``` /// /// # Safety /// /// In a multithreaded program, only [async-signal-safe] functions like `pause` /// and `_exit` may be called by the child (the parent isn't restricted). Note /// that memory allocation may **not** be async-signal-safe and thus must be /// prevented. /// /// Those functions are only a small subset of your operating system's API, so /// special care must be taken to only invoke code you can control and audit. /// /// [async-signal-safe]: https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/signal-safety.7.html #[inline] pubunsafefn fork() -> Result<ForkResult> { useself::ForkResult::*; let res = unsafe { libc::fork() };
Errno::result(res).map(|res| match res { 0 => Child,
res => Parent { child: Pid(res) },
})
}
/// Get the pid of this process (see /// [getpid(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpid.html)). /// /// Since you are running code, there is always a pid to return, so there /// is no error case that needs to be handled. #[inline] pubfn getpid() -> Pid {
Pid(unsafe { libc::getpid() })
}
/// Get the pid of this processes' parent (see /// [getpid(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getppid.html)). /// /// There is always a parent pid to return, so there is no error case that needs /// to be handled. #[inline] pubfn getppid() -> Pid {
Pid(unsafe { libc::getppid() }) // no error handling, according to man page: "These functions are always successful."
}
/// Set a process group ID (see /// [setpgid(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setpgid.html)). /// /// Set the process group id (PGID) of a particular process. If a pid of zero /// is specified, then the pid of the calling process is used. Process groups /// may be used to group together a set of processes in order for the OS to /// apply some operations across the group. /// /// `setsid()` may be used to create a new process group. #[inline] pubfn setpgid(pid: Pid, pgid: Pid) -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::setpgid(pid.into(), pgid.into()) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
} /// Get process group /// /// See Also [`getpgid`](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpgid.html) #[inline] pubfn getpgid(pid: Option<Pid>) -> Result<Pid> { let res = unsafe { libc::getpgid(pid.unwrap_or(Pid(0)).into()) };
Errno::result(res).map(Pid)
}
/// Get the process group ID of a session leader /// [getsid(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getsid.html). /// /// Obtain the process group ID of the process that is the session leader of the process specified /// by pid. If pid is zero, it specifies the calling process. #[inline] #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] pubfn getsid(pid: Option<Pid>) -> Result<Pid> { let res = unsafe { libc::getsid(pid.unwrap_or(Pid(0)).into()) };
Errno::result(res).map(Pid)
}
}
feature! { #![all(feature = "process", feature = "term")] /// Get the terminal foreground process group (see /// [tcgetpgrp(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcgetpgrp.html)). /// /// Get the group process id (GPID) of the foreground process group on the /// terminal associated to file descriptor (FD). #[inline] pubfn tcgetpgrp<F: AsFd>(fd: F) -> Result<Pid> { let res = unsafe { libc::tcgetpgrp(fd.as_fd().as_raw_fd()) };
Errno::result(res).map(Pid)
} /// Set the terminal foreground process group (see /// [tcgetpgrp(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/tcsetpgrp.html)). /// /// Get the group process id (PGID) to the foreground process group on the /// terminal associated to file descriptor (FD). #[inline] pubfn tcsetpgrp<F: AsFd>(fd: F, pgrp: Pid) -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::tcsetpgrp(fd.as_fd().as_raw_fd(), pgrp.into()) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "process"] /// Get the group id of the calling process (see ///[getpgrp(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpgrp.html)). /// /// Get the process group id (PGID) of the calling process. /// According to the man page it is always successful. #[inline] pubfn getpgrp() -> Pid {
Pid(unsafe { libc::getpgrp() })
}
/// Get the caller's thread ID (see /// [gettid(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/gettid.2.html). /// /// This function is only available on Linux based systems. In a single /// threaded process, the main thread will have the same ID as the process. In /// a multithreaded process, each thread will have a unique thread id but the /// same process ID. /// /// No error handling is required as a thread id should always exist for any /// process, even if threads are not being used. #[cfg(linux_android)] #[inline] pubfn gettid() -> Pid {
Pid(unsafe { libc::syscall(libc::SYS_gettid) as pid_t })
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "fs"] /// Create a copy of the specified file descriptor (see /// [dup(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dup.html)). /// /// The new file descriptor will have a new index but refer to the same /// resource as the old file descriptor and the old and new file descriptors may /// be used interchangeably. The new and old file descriptor share the same /// underlying resource, offset, and file status flags. The actual index used /// for the file descriptor will be the lowest fd index that is available. /// /// The two file descriptors do not share file descriptor flags (e.g. `OFlag::FD_CLOEXEC`). #[inline] pubfn dup(oldfd: RawFd) -> Result<RawFd> { let res = unsafe { libc::dup(oldfd) };
Errno::result(res)
}
/// Create a copy of the specified file descriptor using the specified fd (see /// [dup(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/dup.html)). /// /// This function behaves similar to `dup()` except that it will try to use the /// specified fd instead of allocating a new one. See the man pages for more /// detail on the exact behavior of this function. #[inline] pubfn dup2(oldfd: RawFd, newfd: RawFd) -> Result<RawFd> { let res = unsafe { libc::dup2(oldfd, newfd) };
Errno::result(res)
}
/// Create a new copy of the specified file descriptor using the specified fd /// and flags (see [`dup(2)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/dup.2.html)). /// /// This function behaves similar to `dup2()` but allows for flags to be /// specified. #[cfg(any(
netbsdlike,
solarish,
target_os = "freebsd",
target_os = "fuchsia",
target_os = "hurd",
target_os = "linux"
))] pubfn dup3(oldfd: RawFd, newfd: RawFd, flags: OFlag) -> Result<RawFd> { let res = unsafe { libc::dup3(oldfd, newfd, flags.bits()) };
Errno::result(res)
}
/// Change the current working directory of the calling process (see /// [chdir(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/chdir.html)). /// /// This function may fail in a number of different scenarios. See the man /// pages for additional details on possible failure cases. #[inline] pubfn chdir<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(path: &P) -> Result<()> { let res =
path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe { libc::chdir(cstr.as_ptr()) })?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Change the current working directory of the process to the one /// given as an open file descriptor (see /// [fchdir(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchdir.html)). /// /// This function may fail in a number of different scenarios. See the man /// pages for additional details on possible failure cases. #[inline] #[cfg(not(target_os = "fuchsia"))] pubfn fchdir(dirfd: RawFd) -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::fchdir(dirfd) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Creates new directory `path` with access rights `mode`. (see [mkdir(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkdir.html)) /// /// # Errors /// /// There are several situations where mkdir might fail: /// /// - current user has insufficient rights in the parent directory /// - the path already exists /// - the path name is too long (longer than `PATH_MAX`, usually 4096 on linux, 1024 on OS X) /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// use nix::unistd; /// use nix::sys::stat; /// use tempfile::tempdir; /// /// let tmp_dir1 = tempdir().unwrap(); /// let tmp_dir2 = tmp_dir1.path().join("new_dir"); /// /// // create new directory and give read, write and execute rights to the owner /// match unistd::mkdir(&tmp_dir2, stat::Mode::S_IRWXU) { /// Ok(_) => println!("created {:?}", tmp_dir2), /// Err(err) => println!("Error creating directory: {}", err), /// } /// ``` #[inline] pubfn mkdir<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(path: &P, mode: Mode) -> Result<()> { let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe {
libc::mkdir(cstr.as_ptr(), mode.bits() as mode_t)
})?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Creates new fifo special file (named pipe) with path `path` and access rights `mode`. /// /// # Errors /// /// There are several situations where mkfifo might fail: /// /// - current user has insufficient rights in the parent directory /// - the path already exists /// - the path name is too long (longer than `PATH_MAX`, usually 4096 on linux, 1024 on OS X) /// /// For a full list consult /// [posix specification](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkfifo.html) /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// use nix::unistd; /// use nix::sys::stat; /// use tempfile::tempdir; /// /// let tmp_dir = tempdir().unwrap(); /// let fifo_path = tmp_dir.path().join("foo.pipe"); /// /// // create new fifo and give read, write and execute rights to the owner /// match unistd::mkfifo(&fifo_path, stat::Mode::S_IRWXU) { /// Ok(_) => println!("created {:?}", fifo_path), /// Err(err) => println!("Error creating fifo: {}", err), /// } /// ``` #[inline] #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] // RedoxFS does not support fifo yet pubfn mkfifo<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(path: &P, mode: Mode) -> Result<()> { let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe {
libc::mkfifo(cstr.as_ptr(), mode.bits() as mode_t)
})?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Creates new fifo special file (named pipe) with path `path` and access rights `mode`. /// /// If `dirfd` has a value, then `path` is relative to directory associated with the file descriptor. /// /// If `dirfd` is `None`, then `path` is relative to the current working directory. /// /// # References /// /// [mkfifoat(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkfifoat.html). // mkfifoat is not implemented in OSX or android #[inline] #[cfg(not(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "haiku",
target_os = "android",
target_os = "redox"
)))] pubfn mkfifoat<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(
dirfd: Option<RawFd>,
path: &P,
mode: Mode,
) -> Result<()> { let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe {
libc::mkfifoat(at_rawfd(dirfd), cstr.as_ptr(), mode.bits() as mode_t)
})?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Creates a symbolic link at `path2` which points to `path1`. /// /// If `dirfd` has a value, then `path2` is relative to directory associated /// with the file descriptor. /// /// If `dirfd` is `None`, then `path2` is relative to the current working /// directory. This is identical to `libc::symlink(path1, path2)`. /// /// See also [symlinkat(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/symlinkat.html). #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] pubfn symlinkat<P1: ?Sized + NixPath, P2: ?Sized + NixPath>(
path1: &P1,
dirfd: Option<RawFd>,
path2: &P2,
) -> Result<()> { let res = path1.with_nix_path(|path1| {
path2.with_nix_path(|path2| unsafe {
libc::symlinkat(
path1.as_ptr(),
dirfd.unwrap_or(libc::AT_FDCWD),
path2.as_ptr(),
)
})
})??;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
}
// Double the buffer capacity up to limit. In case it already has // reached the limit, return Errno::ERANGE. #[cfg(any(feature = "fs", feature = "user"))] fn reserve_double_buffer_size<T>(buf: &mut Vec<T>, limit: usize) -> Result<()> { use std::cmp::min;
if buf.capacity() >= limit { return Err(Errno::ERANGE);
}
let capacity = min(buf.capacity() * 2, limit);
buf.reserve(capacity);
Ok(())
}
feature! { #![feature = "fs"]
/// Returns the current directory as a `PathBuf` /// /// Err is returned if the current user doesn't have the permission to read or search a component /// of the current path. /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// use nix::unistd; /// /// // assume that we are allowed to get current directory /// let dir = unistd::getcwd().unwrap(); /// println!("The current directory is {:?}", dir); /// ``` #[inline] pubfn getcwd() -> Result<PathBuf> { letmut buf = Vec::<u8>::with_capacity(512); loop { unsafe { let ptr = buf.as_mut_ptr().cast();
// The buffer must be large enough to store the absolute pathname plus // a terminating null byte, or else null is returned. // To safely handle this we start with a reasonable size (512 bytes) // and double the buffer size upon every error if !libc::getcwd(ptr, buf.capacity()).is_null() { let len = CStr::from_ptr(buf.as_ptr().cast())
.to_bytes()
.len();
buf.set_len(len);
buf.shrink_to_fit(); return Ok(PathBuf::from(OsString::from_vec(buf)));
} else { let error = Errno::last(); // ERANGE means buffer was too small to store directory name if error != Errno::ERANGE { return Err(error);
}
}
#[cfg(not(target_os = "hurd"))] const PATH_MAX: usize = libc::PATH_MAX as usize; #[cfg(target_os = "hurd")] const PATH_MAX: usize = 1024; // Hurd does not define a hard limit, so try a guess first
/// Computes the raw UID and GID values to pass to a `*chown` call. // The cast is not unnecessary on all platforms. #[allow(clippy::unnecessary_cast)] fn chown_raw_ids(owner: Option<Uid>, group: Option<Gid>) -> (uid_t, gid_t) { // According to the POSIX specification, -1 is used to indicate that owner and group // are not to be changed. Since uid_t and gid_t are unsigned types, we have to wrap // around to get -1. let uid = owner
.map(Into::into)
.unwrap_or_else(|| (0as uid_t).wrapping_sub(1)); let gid = group
.map(Into::into)
.unwrap_or_else(|| (0as gid_t).wrapping_sub(1));
(uid, gid)
}
/// Change the ownership of the file at `path` to be owned by the specified /// `owner` (user) and `group` (see /// [chown(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/chown.html)). /// /// The owner/group for the provided path name will not be modified if `None` is /// provided for that argument. Ownership change will be attempted for the path /// only if `Some` owner/group is provided. #[inline] pubfn chown<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(
path: &P,
owner: Option<Uid>,
group: Option<Gid>,
) -> Result<()> { let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| { let (uid, gid) = chown_raw_ids(owner, group); unsafe { libc::chown(cstr.as_ptr(), uid, gid) }
})?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Change the ownership of the file referred to by the open file descriptor `fd` to be owned by /// the specified `owner` (user) and `group` (see /// [fchown(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchown.html)). /// /// The owner/group for the provided file will not be modified if `None` is /// provided for that argument. Ownership change will be attempted for the path /// only if `Some` owner/group is provided. #[inline] pubfn fchown(fd: RawFd, owner: Option<Uid>, group: Option<Gid>) -> Result<()> { let (uid, gid) = chown_raw_ids(owner, group); let res = unsafe { libc::fchown(fd, uid, gid) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
// Just a wrapper around `AtFlags` so that we can help our users migrate. #[allow(missing_docs)] #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] pubtype FchownatFlags = AtFlags; #[allow(missing_docs)] #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] impl FchownatFlags { #[deprecated(since = "0.28.0", note = "The variant is deprecated, please use `AtFlags` instead")] #[allow(non_upper_case_globals)] pubconst FollowSymlink: FchownatFlags = FchownatFlags::empty(); #[deprecated(since = "0.28.0", note = "The variant is deprecated, please use `AtFlags` instead")] #[allow(non_upper_case_globals)] pubconst NoFollowSymlink: FchownatFlags = FchownatFlags::AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW;
}
/// Change the ownership of the file at `path` to be owned by the specified /// `owner` (user) and `group`. /// /// The owner/group for the provided path name will not be modified if `None` is /// provided for that argument. Ownership change will be attempted for the path /// only if `Some` owner/group is provided. /// /// The file to be changed is determined relative to the directory associated /// with the file descriptor `dirfd` or the current working directory /// if `dirfd` is `None`. /// /// If `flag` is `AtFlags::AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW` and `path` names a symbolic link, /// then the mode of the symbolic link is changed. /// /// `fchownat(None, path, owner, group, AtFlags::AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW)` is identical to /// a call `libc::lchown(path, owner, group)`. That's why `lchown` is unimplemented in /// the `nix` crate. /// /// # References /// /// [fchownat(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fchownat.html). #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] pubfn fchownat<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(
dirfd: Option<RawFd>,
path: &P,
owner: Option<Uid>,
group: Option<Gid>,
flag: AtFlags,
) -> Result<()> { let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe { let (uid, gid) = chown_raw_ids(owner, group);
libc::fchownat(
at_rawfd(dirfd),
cstr.as_ptr(),
uid,
gid,
flag.bits()
)
})?;
/// Replace the current process image with a new one (see /// [exec(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/exec.html)). /// /// See the `::nix::unistd::execve` system call for additional details. `execv` /// performs the same action but does not allow for customization of the /// environment for the new process. #[inline] pubfn execv<S: AsRef<CStr>>(path: &CStr, argv: &[S]) -> Result<Infallible> { let args_p = to_exec_array(argv);
/// Replace the current process image with a new one (see /// [execve(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/exec.html)). /// /// The execve system call allows for another process to be "called" which will /// replace the current process image. That is, this process becomes the new /// command that is run. On success, this function will not return. Instead, /// the new program will run until it exits. /// /// `::nix::unistd::execv` and `::nix::unistd::execve` take as arguments a slice /// of `::std::ffi::CString`s for `args` and `env` (for `execve`). Each element /// in the `args` list is an argument to the new process. Each element in the /// `env` list should be a string in the form "key=value". #[inline] pubfn execve<SA: AsRef<CStr>, SE: AsRef<CStr>>(
path: &CStr,
args: &[SA],
env: &[SE],
) -> Result<Infallible> { let args_p = to_exec_array(args); let env_p = to_exec_array(env);
/// Replace the current process image with a new one and replicate shell `PATH` /// searching behavior (see /// [exec(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/exec.html)). /// /// See `::nix::unistd::execve` for additional details. `execvp` behaves the /// same as execv except that it will examine the `PATH` environment variables /// for file names not specified with a leading slash. For example, `execv` /// would not work if "bash" was specified for the path argument, but `execvp` /// would assuming that a bash executable was on the system `PATH`. #[inline] pubfn execvp<S: AsRef<CStr>>(
filename: &CStr,
args: &[S],
) -> Result<Infallible> { let args_p = to_exec_array(args);
/// Replace the current process image with a new one and replicate shell `PATH` /// searching behavior (see /// [`execvpe(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/exec.3.html)). /// /// This functions like a combination of `execvp(2)` and `execve(2)` to pass an /// environment and have a search path. See these two for additional /// information. #[cfg(any(target_os = "haiku", target_os = "hurd", target_os = "linux", target_os = "openbsd"))] pubfn execvpe<SA: AsRef<CStr>, SE: AsRef<CStr>>(
filename: &CStr,
args: &[SA],
env: &[SE],
) -> Result<Infallible> { let args_p = to_exec_array(args); let env_p = to_exec_array(env);
/// Replace the current process image with a new one (see /// [fexecve(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fexecve.html)). /// /// The `fexecve` function allows for another process to be "called" which will /// replace the current process image. That is, this process becomes the new /// command that is run. On success, this function will not return. Instead, /// the new program will run until it exits. /// /// This function is similar to `execve`, except that the program to be executed /// is referenced as a file descriptor instead of a path. #[cfg(any(linux_android, freebsdlike, target_os = "hurd"))] #[inline] pubfn fexecve<SA: AsRef<CStr>, SE: AsRef<CStr>>(
fd: RawFd,
args: &[SA],
env: &[SE],
) -> Result<Infallible> { let args_p = to_exec_array(args); let env_p = to_exec_array(env);
/// Execute program relative to a directory file descriptor (see /// [execveat(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/execveat.2.html)). /// /// The `execveat` function allows for another process to be "called" which will /// replace the current process image. That is, this process becomes the new /// command that is run. On success, this function will not return. Instead, /// the new program will run until it exits. /// /// This function is similar to `execve`, except that the program to be executed /// is referenced as a file descriptor to the base directory plus a path. #[cfg(linux_android)] #[inline] pubfn execveat<SA: AsRef<CStr>, SE: AsRef<CStr>>(
dirfd: Option<RawFd>,
pathname: &CStr,
args: &[SA],
env: &[SE],
flags: super::fcntl::AtFlags,
) -> Result<Infallible> { let dirfd = at_rawfd(dirfd); let args_p = to_exec_array(args); let env_p = to_exec_array(env);
/// Daemonize this process by detaching from the controlling terminal (see /// [daemon(3)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/daemon.3.html)). /// /// When a process is launched it is typically associated with a parent and it, /// in turn, by its controlling terminal/process. In order for a process to run /// in the "background" it must daemonize itself by detaching itself. Under /// posix, this is done by doing the following: /// /// 1. Parent process (this one) forks /// 2. Parent process exits /// 3. Child process continues to run. /// /// `nochdir`: /// /// * `nochdir = true`: The current working directory after daemonizing will /// be the current working directory. /// * `nochdir = false`: The current working directory after daemonizing will /// be the root direcory, `/`. /// /// `noclose`: /// /// * `noclose = true`: The process' current stdin, stdout, and stderr file /// descriptors will remain identical after daemonizing. /// * `noclose = false`: The process' stdin, stdout, and stderr will point to /// `/dev/null` after daemonizing. #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
solarish,
netbsdlike
))] pubfn daemon(nochdir: bool, noclose: bool) -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::daemon(nochdir as c_int, noclose as c_int) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "hostname"]
/// Set the system host name (see /// [sethostname(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/gethostname.2.html)). /// /// Given a name, attempt to update the system host name to the given string. /// On some systems, the host name is limited to as few as 64 bytes. An error /// will be returned if the name is not valid or the current process does not /// have permissions to update the host name. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] pubfn sethostname<S: AsRef<OsStr>>(name: S) -> Result<()> { // Handle some differences in type of the len arg across platforms.
cfg_if! { if#[cfg(any(freebsdlike,
solarish,
apple_targets,
target_os = "aix"))] { type sethostname_len_t = c_int;
} else { type sethostname_len_t = size_t;
}
} let ptr = name.as_ref().as_bytes().as_ptr().cast(); let len = name.as_ref().len() as sethostname_len_t;
let res = unsafe { libc::sethostname(ptr, len) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Get the host name and store it in an internally allocated buffer, returning an /// `OsString` on success (see /// [gethostname(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/gethostname.html)). /// /// This function call attempts to get the host name for the running system and /// store it in an internal buffer, returning it as an `OsString` if successful. /// /// ```no_run /// use nix::unistd; /// /// let hostname = unistd::gethostname().expect("Failed getting hostname"); /// let hostname = hostname.into_string().expect("Hostname wasn't valid UTF-8"); /// println!("Hostname: {}", hostname); /// ``` pubfn gethostname() -> Result<OsString> { // The capacity is the max length of a hostname plus the NUL terminator. letmut buffer: Vec<u8> = Vec::with_capacity(256); let ptr = buffer.as_mut_ptr().cast(); let len = buffer.capacity() as size_t;
let res = unsafe { libc::gethostname(ptr, len) };
Errno::result(res).map(|_| { unsafe {
buffer.as_mut_ptr().wrapping_add(len - 1).write(0); // ensure always null-terminated let len = CStr::from_ptr(buffer.as_ptr().cast()).len();
buffer.set_len(len);
}
OsString::from_vec(buffer)
})
}
}
/// Close a raw file descriptor /// /// Be aware that many Rust types implicitly close-on-drop, including /// `std::fs::File`. Explicitly closing them with this method too can result in /// a double-close condition, which can cause confusing `EBADF` errors in /// seemingly unrelated code. Caveat programmer. See also /// [close(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/close.html). /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use std::os::unix::io::AsRawFd; /// use nix::unistd::close; /// /// let f = tempfile::tempfile().unwrap(); /// close(f.as_raw_fd()).unwrap(); // Bad! f will also close on drop! /// ``` /// /// ```rust /// use std::os::unix::io::IntoRawFd; /// use nix::unistd::close; /// /// let f = tempfile::tempfile().unwrap(); /// close(f.into_raw_fd()).unwrap(); // Good. into_raw_fd consumes f /// ``` pubfn close(fd: RawFd) -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::close(fd) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Write to a raw file descriptor. /// /// See also [write(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/write.html) pubfn write<Fd: AsFd>(fd: Fd, buf: &[u8]) -> Result<usize> { let res = unsafe {
libc::write(
fd.as_fd().as_raw_fd(),
buf.as_ptr().cast(),
buf.len() as size_t,
)
};
Errno::result(res).map(|r| r as usize)
}
feature! { #![feature = "fs"]
/// Directive that tells [`lseek`] and [`lseek64`] what the offset is relative to. /// /// [`lseek`]: ./fn.lseek.html /// [`lseek64`]: ./fn.lseek64.html #[repr(i32)] #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)] pubenum Whence { /// Specify an offset relative to the start of the file.
SeekSet = libc::SEEK_SET, /// Specify an offset relative to the current file location.
SeekCur = libc::SEEK_CUR, /// Specify an offset relative to the end of the file.
SeekEnd = libc::SEEK_END, /// Specify an offset relative to the next location in the file greater than or /// equal to offset that contains some data. If offset points to /// some data, then the file offset is set to offset. #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
solarish,
target_os = "linux",
))]
SeekData = libc::SEEK_DATA, /// Specify an offset relative to the next hole in the file greater than /// or equal to offset. If offset points into the middle of a hole, then /// the file offset should be set to offset. If there is no hole past offset, /// then the file offset should be adjusted to the end of the file (i.e., there /// is an implicit hole at the end of any file). #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
solarish,
target_os = "linux",
))]
SeekHole = libc::SEEK_HOLE,
}
/// Move the read/write file offset. /// /// Unlike [`lseek`], it takes a 64-bit argument even on platforms where [`libc::off_t`] is /// 32 bits. #[cfg(linux_android)] pubfn lseek64(
fd: RawFd,
offset: libc::off64_t,
whence: Whence,
) -> Result<libc::off64_t> { let res = unsafe { libc::lseek64(fd, offset, whence as i32) };
Errno::result(res).map(|r| r as libc::off64_t)
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "fs"] /// Like `pipe`, but allows setting certain file descriptor flags. /// /// The following flags are supported, and will be set atomically as the pipe is /// created: /// /// - `O_CLOEXEC`: Set the close-on-exec flag for the new file descriptors. #[cfg_attr(
target_os = "linux",
doc = "- `O_DIRECT`: Create a pipe that performs I/O in \"packet\" mode."
)] #[cfg_attr(
target_os = "netbsd",
doc = "- `O_NOSIGPIPE`: Return `EPIPE` instead of raising `SIGPIPE`."
)] /// - `O_NONBLOCK`: Set the non-blocking flag for the ends of the pipe. /// /// See also [pipe(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/pipe.2.html) #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
solarish,
target_os = "emscripten",
target_os = "hurd",
target_os = "redox",
netbsdlike,
))] pubfn pipe2(flags: OFlag) -> Result<(OwnedFd, OwnedFd)> { letmut fds = mem::MaybeUninit::<[OwnedFd; 2]>::uninit();
let res = unsafe { libc::pipe2(fds.as_mut_ptr().cast(), flags.bits()) };
/// Truncate a file to a specified length /// /// See also /// [truncate(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/truncate.html) #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "fuchsia")))] pubfn truncate<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(path: &P, len: off_t) -> Result<()> { let res = path
.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe { libc::truncate(cstr.as_ptr(), len) })?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Truncate a file to a specified length /// /// See also /// [ftruncate(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/ftruncate.html) pubfn ftruncate<Fd: AsFd>(fd: Fd, len: off_t) -> Result<()> {
Errno::result(unsafe { libc::ftruncate(fd.as_fd().as_raw_fd(), len) }).map(drop)
}
/// Determines if the file descriptor refers to a valid terminal type device. pubfn isatty(fd: RawFd) -> Result<bool> { unsafe { // ENOTTY means `fd` is a valid file descriptor, but not a TTY, so // we return `Ok(false)` if libc::isatty(fd) == 1 {
Ok(true)
} else { match Errno::last() {
Errno::ENOTTY => Ok(false),
err => Err(err),
}
}
}
}
#[allow(missing_docs)] #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] pubtype LinkatFlags = AtFlags; #[allow(missing_docs)] #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] impl LinkatFlags { #[deprecated(since = "0.28.0", note = "The variant is deprecated, please use `AtFlags` instead")] #[allow(non_upper_case_globals)] pubconst SymlinkFollow: LinkatFlags = LinkatFlags::AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW; #[deprecated(since = "0.28.0", note = "The variant is deprecated, please use `AtFlags` instead")] #[allow(non_upper_case_globals)] pubconst NoSymlinkFollow: LinkatFlags = LinkatFlags::empty();
}
/// Link one file to another file /// /// Creates a new link (directory entry) at `newpath` for the existing file at `oldpath`. In the /// case of a relative `oldpath`, the path is interpreted relative to the directory associated /// with file descriptor `olddirfd` instead of the current working directory and similiarly for /// `newpath` and file descriptor `newdirfd`. In case `flag` is `AtFlags::AT_SYMLINK_FOLLOW` and /// `oldpath` names a symoblic link, a new link for the target of the symbolic link is created. /// If either `olddirfd` or `newdirfd` is `None`, `AT_FDCWD` is used respectively where `oldpath` /// and/or `newpath` is then interpreted relative to the current working directory of the calling /// process. If either `oldpath` or `newpath` is absolute, then `dirfd` is ignored. /// /// # References /// See also [linkat(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/linkat.html) #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] // RedoxFS does not support symlinks yet pubfn linkat<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(
olddirfd: Option<RawFd>,
oldpath: &P,
newdirfd: Option<RawFd>,
newpath: &P,
flag: AtFlags,
) -> Result<()> { let res = oldpath.with_nix_path(|oldcstr| {
newpath.with_nix_path(|newcstr| unsafe {
libc::linkat(
at_rawfd(olddirfd),
oldcstr.as_ptr(),
at_rawfd(newdirfd),
newcstr.as_ptr(),
flag.bits(),
)
})
})??;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Remove a directory entry /// /// See also [unlink(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/unlink.html) pubfn unlink<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(path: &P) -> Result<()> { let res =
path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe { libc::unlink(cstr.as_ptr()) })?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Flags for `unlinkat` function. #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)] pubenum UnlinkatFlags { /// Remove the directory entry as a directory, not a normal file
RemoveDir, /// Remove the directory entry as a normal file, not a directory
NoRemoveDir,
}
/// Remove a directory entry /// /// In the case of a relative path, the directory entry to be removed is determined relative to /// the directory associated with the file descriptor `dirfd` or the current working directory /// if `dirfd` is `None`. In the case of an absolute `path` `dirfd` is ignored. If `flag` is /// `UnlinkatFlags::RemoveDir` then removal of the directory entry specified by `dirfd` and `path` /// is performed. /// /// # References /// See also [unlinkat(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/unlinkat.html) #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] pubfn unlinkat<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(
dirfd: Option<RawFd>,
path: &P,
flag: UnlinkatFlags,
) -> Result<()> { let atflag = match flag {
UnlinkatFlags::RemoveDir => AtFlags::AT_REMOVEDIR,
UnlinkatFlags::NoRemoveDir => AtFlags::empty(),
}; let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe {
libc::unlinkat(
at_rawfd(dirfd),
cstr.as_ptr(),
atflag.bits() as libc::c_int,
)
})?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Change a process's root directory #[inline] #[cfg(not(target_os = "fuchsia"))] pubfn chroot<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(path: &P) -> Result<()> { let res =
path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe { libc::chroot(cstr.as_ptr()) })?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Commit filesystem caches to disk /// /// See also [sync(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sync.html) #[cfg(any(bsd, linux_android, solarish, target_os = "haiku", target_os = "aix", target_os = "hurd"))] pubfn sync() { unsafe { libc::sync() };
}
/// Commit filesystem caches containing file referred to by the open file /// descriptor `fd` to disk /// /// See also [syncfs(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/sync.2.html) #[cfg(any(linux_android, target_os = "hurd"))] pubfn syncfs(fd: RawFd) -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::syncfs(fd) };
/// Synchronize the data of a file /// /// See also /// [fdatasync(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/fdatasync.html) #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
solarish,
netbsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "freebsd",
target_os = "emscripten",
target_os = "fuchsia",
target_os = "aix",
target_os = "hurd",
))] #[inline] pubfn fdatasync(fd: RawFd) -> Result<()> {
cfg_if! { // apple libc supports fdatasync too, albeit not being present in its headers // [fdatasync](https://github.com/apple/darwin-xnu/blob/2ff845c2e033bd0ff64b5b6aa6063a1f8f65aa32/bsd/vfs/vfs_syscalls.c#L7728) if#[cfg(apple_targets)] { extern"C" { fn fdatasync(fd: libc::c_int) -> libc::c_int;
}
} else { use libc::fdatasync as fdatasync;
}
} let res = unsafe { fdatasync(fd) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "user"]
/// Get a real user ID /// /// See also [getuid(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getuid.html) // POSIX requires that getuid is always successful, so no need to check return // value or errno. #[inline] pubfn getuid() -> Uid {
Uid(unsafe { libc::getuid() })
}
/// Get the effective user ID /// /// See also [geteuid(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/geteuid.html) // POSIX requires that geteuid is always successful, so no need to check return // value or errno. #[inline] pubfn geteuid() -> Uid {
Uid(unsafe { libc::geteuid() })
}
/// Get the real group ID /// /// See also [getgid(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getgid.html) // POSIX requires that getgid is always successful, so no need to check return // value or errno. #[inline] pubfn getgid() -> Gid {
Gid(unsafe { libc::getgid() })
}
/// Get the effective group ID /// /// See also [getegid(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getegid.html) // POSIX requires that getegid is always successful, so no need to check return // value or errno. #[inline] pubfn getegid() -> Gid {
Gid(unsafe { libc::getegid() })
}
feature! { #![all(feature = "fs", feature = "user")] /// Set the user identity used for filesystem checks per-thread. /// On both success and failure, this call returns the previous filesystem user /// ID of the caller. /// /// See also [setfsuid(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/setfsuid.2.html) #[cfg(linux_android)] pubfn setfsuid(uid: Uid) -> Uid { let prev_fsuid = unsafe { libc::setfsuid(uid.into()) };
Uid::from_raw(prev_fsuid as uid_t)
}
/// Set the group identity used for filesystem checks per-thread. /// On both success and failure, this call returns the previous filesystem group /// ID of the caller. /// /// See also [setfsgid(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/setfsgid.2.html) #[cfg(linux_android)] pubfn setfsgid(gid: Gid) -> Gid { let prev_fsgid = unsafe { libc::setfsgid(gid.into()) };
Gid::from_raw(prev_fsgid as gid_t)
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "user"]
/// Get the list of supplementary group IDs of the calling process. /// /// [Further reading](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/getgroups.html) /// /// **Note:** This function is not available for Apple platforms. On those /// platforms, checking group membership should be achieved via communication /// with the `opendirectoryd` service. #[cfg(not(apple_targets))] pubfn getgroups() -> Result<Vec<Gid>> { // First get the maximum number of groups. The value returned // shall always be greater than or equal to one and less than or // equal to the value of {NGROUPS_MAX} + 1. let ngroups_max = match sysconf(SysconfVar::NGROUPS_MAX) {
Ok(Some(n)) => (n + 1) as usize,
Ok(None) | Err(_) => usize::MAX,
};
// Next, get the number of groups so we can size our Vec let ngroups = unsafe { libc::getgroups(0, ptr::null_mut()) };
// If there are no supplementary groups, return early. // This prevents a potential buffer over-read if the number of groups // increases from zero before the next call. It would return the total // number of groups beyond the capacity of the buffer. if ngroups == 0 { return Ok(Vec::new());
}
// Now actually get the groups. We try multiple times in case the number of // groups has changed since the first call to getgroups() and the buffer is // now too small. letmut groups =
Vec::<Gid>::with_capacity(Errno::result(ngroups)? as usize); loop { // FIXME: On the platforms we currently support, the `Gid` struct has // the same representation in memory as a bare `gid_t`. This is not // necessarily the case on all Rust platforms, though. See RFC 1785. let ngroups = unsafe {
libc::getgroups(
groups.capacity() as c_int,
groups.as_mut_ptr().cast(),
)
};
match Errno::result(ngroups) {
Ok(s) => { unsafe { groups.set_len(s as usize) }; return Ok(groups);
}
Err(Errno::EINVAL) => { // EINVAL indicates that the buffer size was too // small, resize it up to ngroups_max as limit.
reserve_double_buffer_size(&mut groups, ngroups_max)
.or(Err(Errno::EINVAL))?;
}
Err(e) => return Err(e),
}
}
}
/// Set the list of supplementary group IDs for the calling process. /// /// [Further reading](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/getgroups.2.html) /// /// **Note:** This function is not available for Apple platforms. On those /// platforms, group membership management should be achieved via communication /// with the `opendirectoryd` service. /// /// # Examples /// /// `setgroups` can be used when dropping privileges from the root user to a /// specific user and group. For example, given the user `www-data` with UID /// `33` and the group `backup` with the GID `34`, one could switch the user as /// follows: /// /// ```rust,no_run /// # use std::error::Error; /// # use nix::unistd::*; /// # /// # fn try_main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// let uid = Uid::from_raw(33); /// let gid = Gid::from_raw(34); /// setgroups(&[gid])?; /// setgid(gid)?; /// setuid(uid)?; /// # /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// # /// # try_main().unwrap(); /// ``` #[cfg(not(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "redox",
target_os = "haiku"
)))] pubfn setgroups(groups: &[Gid]) -> Result<()> {
cfg_if! { if#[cfg(any(bsd,
solarish,
target_os = "aix"))] { type setgroups_ngroups_t = c_int;
} else { type setgroups_ngroups_t = size_t;
}
} // FIXME: On the platforms we currently support, the `Gid` struct has the // same representation in memory as a bare `gid_t`. This is not necessarily // the case on all Rust platforms, though. See RFC 1785. let res = unsafe {
libc::setgroups(
groups.len() as setgroups_ngroups_t,
groups.as_ptr().cast(),
)
};
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Calculate the supplementary group access list. /// /// Gets the group IDs of all groups that `user` is a member of. The additional /// group `group` is also added to the list. /// /// [Further reading](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/getgrouplist.3.html) /// /// **Note:** This function is not available for Apple platforms. On those /// platforms, checking group membership should be achieved via communication /// with the `opendirectoryd` service. /// /// # Errors /// /// Although the `getgrouplist()` call does not return any specific /// errors on any known platforms, this implementation will return a system /// error of `EINVAL` if the number of groups to be fetched exceeds the /// `NGROUPS_MAX` sysconf value. This mimics the behaviour of `getgroups()` /// and `setgroups()`. Additionally, while some implementations will return a /// partial list of groups when `NGROUPS_MAX` is exceeded, this implementation /// will only ever return the complete list or else an error. #[cfg(not(any(
target_os = "aix",
solarish,
apple_targets,
target_os = "redox"
)))] pubfn getgrouplist(user: &CStr, group: Gid) -> Result<Vec<Gid>> { let ngroups_max = match sysconf(SysconfVar::NGROUPS_MAX) {
Ok(Some(n)) => n as c_int,
Ok(None) | Err(_) => c_int::MAX,
}; use std::cmp::min; letmut groups = Vec::<Gid>::with_capacity(min(ngroups_max, 8) as usize);
cfg_if! { if#[cfg(apple_targets)] { type getgrouplist_group_t = c_int;
} else { type getgrouplist_group_t = gid_t;
}
} let gid: gid_t = group.into(); loop { letmut ngroups = groups.capacity() as i32; let ret = unsafe {
libc::getgrouplist(
user.as_ptr(),
gid as getgrouplist_group_t,
groups.as_mut_ptr().cast(),
&mut ngroups,
)
};
// BSD systems only return 0 or -1, Linux returns ngroups on success. if ret >= 0 { unsafe { groups.set_len(ngroups as usize) }; return Ok(groups);
} elseif ret == -1 { // Returns -1 if ngroups is too small, but does not set errno. // BSD systems will still fill the groups buffer with as many // groups as possible, but Linux manpages do not mention this // behavior.
reserve_double_buffer_size(&mut groups, ngroups_max as usize)
.map_err(|_| Errno::EINVAL)?;
}
}
}
/// Initialize the supplementary group access list. /// /// Sets the supplementary group IDs for the calling process using all groups /// that `user` is a member of. The additional group `group` is also added to /// the list. /// /// [Further reading](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/initgroups.3.html) /// /// **Note:** This function is not available for Apple platforms. On those /// platforms, group membership management should be achieved via communication /// with the `opendirectoryd` service. /// /// # Examples /// /// `initgroups` can be used when dropping privileges from the root user to /// another user. For example, given the user `www-data`, we could look up the /// UID and GID for the user in the system's password database (usually found /// in `/etc/passwd`). If the `www-data` user's UID and GID were `33` and `33`, /// respectively, one could switch the user as follows: /// /// ```rust,no_run /// # use std::error::Error; /// # use std::ffi::CString; /// # use nix::unistd::*; /// # /// # fn try_main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error>> { /// let user = CString::new("www-data").unwrap(); /// let uid = Uid::from_raw(33); /// let gid = Gid::from_raw(33); /// initgroups(&user, gid)?; /// setgid(gid)?; /// setuid(uid)?; /// # /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// # /// # try_main().unwrap(); /// ``` #[cfg(not(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "redox",
target_os = "haiku"
)))] pubfn initgroups(user: &CStr, group: Gid) -> Result<()> {
cfg_if! { if#[cfg(apple_targets)] { type initgroups_group_t = c_int;
} else { type initgroups_group_t = gid_t;
}
} let gid: gid_t = group.into(); let res = unsafe { libc::initgroups(user.as_ptr(), gid as initgroups_group_t) };
pubmod alarm { //! Alarm signal scheduling. //! //! Scheduling an alarm will trigger a `SIGALRM` signal when the time has //! elapsed, which has to be caught, because the default action for the //! signal is to terminate the program. This signal also can't be ignored //! because the system calls like `pause` will not be interrupted, see the //! second example below. //! //! # Examples //! //! Canceling an alarm: //! //! ``` //! use nix::unistd::alarm; //! //! // Set an alarm for 60 seconds from now. //! alarm::set(60); //! //! // Cancel the above set alarm, which returns the number of seconds left //! // of the previously set alarm. //! assert_eq!(alarm::cancel(), Some(60)); //! ``` //! //! Scheduling an alarm and waiting for the signal: //! #![cfg_attr(target_os = "redox", doc = " ```rust,ignore")] #![cfg_attr(not(target_os = "redox"), doc = " ```rust")] //! use std::time::{Duration, Instant}; //! //! use nix::unistd::{alarm, pause}; //! use nix::sys::signal::*; //! //! // We need to setup an empty signal handler to catch the alarm signal, //! // otherwise the program will be terminated once the signal is delivered. //! extern fn signal_handler(_: nix::libc::c_int) { } //! let sa = SigAction::new( //! SigHandler::Handler(signal_handler), //! SaFlags::SA_RESTART, //! SigSet::empty() //! ); //! unsafe { //! sigaction(Signal::SIGALRM, &sa); //! } //! //! let start = Instant::now(); //! //! // Set an alarm for 1 second from now. //! alarm::set(1); //! //! // Pause the process until the alarm signal is received. //! let mut sigset = SigSet::empty(); //! sigset.add(Signal::SIGALRM); //! sigset.wait(); //! //! assert!(start.elapsed() >= Duration::from_secs(1)); //! ``` //! //! # References //! //! See also [alarm(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/alarm.html).
/// Schedule an alarm signal. /// /// This will cause the system to generate a `SIGALRM` signal for the /// process after the specified number of seconds have elapsed. /// /// Returns the leftover time of a previously set alarm if there was one. pubfn set(secs: libc::c_uint) -> Option<libc::c_uint> {
assert!(secs != 0, "passing 0 to `alarm::set` is not allowed, to cancel an alarm use `alarm::cancel`");
alarm(secs)
}
/// Cancel an previously set alarm signal. /// /// Returns the leftover time of a previously set alarm if there was one. pubfn cancel() -> Option<libc::c_uint> {
alarm(0)
}
/// Process accounting #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))] pubmod acct { usecrate::errno::Errno; usecrate::{NixPath, Result}; use std::ptr;
/// Enable process accounting /// /// See also [acct(2)](https://linux.die.net/man/2/acct) pubfn enable<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(filename: &P) -> Result<()> { let res = filename
.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe { libc::acct(cstr.as_ptr()) })?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Disable process accounting pubfn disable() -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::acct(ptr::null()) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "fs"] /// Creates a regular file which persists even after process termination /// /// * `template`: a path whose 6 rightmost characters must be X, e.g. `/tmp/tmpfile_XXXXXX` /// * returns: tuple of file descriptor and filename /// /// Err is returned either if no temporary filename could be created or the template doesn't /// end with XXXXXX /// /// See also [mkstemp(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkstemp.html) /// /// # Example /// /// ```rust /// use nix::unistd; /// /// let _ = match unistd::mkstemp("/tmp/tempfile_XXXXXX") { /// Ok((fd, path)) => { /// unistd::unlink(path.as_path()).unwrap(); // flag file to be deleted at app termination /// fd /// } /// Err(e) => panic!("mkstemp failed: {}", e) /// }; /// // do something with fd /// ``` #[inline] pubfn mkstemp<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(template: &P) -> Result<(RawFd, PathBuf)> { letmut path =
template.with_nix_path(|path| path.to_bytes_with_nul().to_owned())?; let p = path.as_mut_ptr().cast(); let fd = unsafe { libc::mkstemp(p) }; let last = path.pop(); // drop the trailing nul
debug_assert!(last == Some(b'\0')); let pathname = OsString::from_vec(path);
Errno::result(fd)?;
Ok((fd, PathBuf::from(pathname)))
}
}
/// Creates a directory which persists even after process termination /// /// * `template`: a path whose rightmost characters contain some number of X, e.g. `/tmp/tmpdir_XXXXXX` /// * returns: filename /// /// Err is returned either if no temporary filename could be created or the template had insufficient X /// /// See also [mkstemp(2)](http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/mkdtemp.html) /// /// ``` /// use nix::unistd; /// /// match unistd::mkdtemp("/tmp/tempdir_XXXXXX") { /// Ok(_path) => { /// // do something with directory /// } /// Err(e) => panic!("mkdtemp failed: {}", e) /// }; /// ``` pubfn mkdtemp<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(template: &P) -> Result<PathBuf> { letmut path = template.with_nix_path(|path| {path.to_bytes_with_nul().to_owned()})?; let p = path.as_mut_ptr() as *mut _; let p = unsafe { libc::mkdtemp(p) }; if p.is_null() { return Err(Errno::last());
} let last = path.pop(); // drop the trailing nul
debug_assert!(last == Some(b'\0')); let pathname = OsString::from_vec(path);
Ok(PathBuf::from(pathname))
}
/// Variable names for `pathconf` /// /// Nix uses the same naming convention for these variables as the /// [getconf(1)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/getconf.html) utility. /// That is, `PathconfVar` variables have the same name as the abstract /// variables shown in the `pathconf(2)` man page. Usually, it's the same as /// the C variable name without the leading `_PC_`. /// /// POSIX 1003.1-2008 standardizes all of these variables, but some OSes choose /// not to implement variables that cannot change at runtime. /// /// # References /// /// - [pathconf(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pathconf.html) /// - [limits.h](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/limits.h.html) /// - [unistd.h](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/unistd.h.html) #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)] #[repr(i32)] #[non_exhaustive] pubenum PathconfVar { #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
netbsdlike,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "redox"
))] /// Minimum number of bits needed to represent, as a signed integer value, /// the maximum size of a regular file allowed in the specified directory.
FILESIZEBITS = libc::_PC_FILESIZEBITS, /// Maximum number of links to a single file.
LINK_MAX = libc::_PC_LINK_MAX, /// Maximum number of bytes in a terminal canonical input line.
MAX_CANON = libc::_PC_MAX_CANON, /// Minimum number of bytes for which space is available in a terminal input /// queue; therefore, the maximum number of bytes a conforming application /// may require to be typed as input before reading them.
MAX_INPUT = libc::_PC_MAX_INPUT, #[cfg(any(
apple_targets,
solarish,
freebsdlike,
target_os = "netbsd",
))] /// If a file system supports the reporting of holes (see lseek(2)), /// pathconf() and fpathconf() return a positive number that represents the /// minimum hole size returned in bytes. The offsets of holes returned will /// be aligned to this same value. A special value of 1 is returned if the /// file system does not specify the minimum hole size but still reports /// holes.
MIN_HOLE_SIZE = libc::_PC_MIN_HOLE_SIZE, /// Maximum number of bytes in a filename (not including the terminating /// null of a filename string).
NAME_MAX = libc::_PC_NAME_MAX, /// Maximum number of bytes the implementation will store as a pathname in a /// user-supplied buffer of unspecified size, including the terminating null /// character. Minimum number the implementation will accept as the maximum /// number of bytes in a pathname.
PATH_MAX = libc::_PC_PATH_MAX, /// Maximum number of bytes that is guaranteed to be atomic when writing to /// a pipe.
PIPE_BUF = libc::_PC_PIPE_BUF, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
solarish,
netbsdlike,
target_os = "dragonfly",
target_os = "redox",
))] /// Symbolic links can be created.
POSIX2_SYMLINKS = libc::_PC_2_SYMLINKS, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
target_os = "openbsd",
target_os = "redox"
))] /// Minimum number of bytes of storage actually allocated for any portion of /// a file.
POSIX_ALLOC_SIZE_MIN = libc::_PC_ALLOC_SIZE_MIN, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
linux_android,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// Recommended increment for file transfer sizes between the /// `POSIX_REC_MIN_XFER_SIZE` and `POSIX_REC_MAX_XFER_SIZE` values.
POSIX_REC_INCR_XFER_SIZE = libc::_PC_REC_INCR_XFER_SIZE, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
target_os = "openbsd",
target_os = "redox"
))] /// Maximum recommended file transfer size.
POSIX_REC_MAX_XFER_SIZE = libc::_PC_REC_MAX_XFER_SIZE, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
target_os = "openbsd",
target_os = "redox"
))] /// Minimum recommended file transfer size.
POSIX_REC_MIN_XFER_SIZE = libc::_PC_REC_MIN_XFER_SIZE, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
target_os = "openbsd",
target_os = "redox"
))] /// Recommended file transfer buffer alignment.
POSIX_REC_XFER_ALIGN = libc::_PC_REC_XFER_ALIGN, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
solarish,
netbsdlike,
target_os = "redox",
))] /// Maximum number of bytes in a symbolic link.
SYMLINK_MAX = libc::_PC_SYMLINK_MAX, /// The use of `chown` and `fchown` is restricted to a process with /// appropriate privileges, and to changing the group ID of a file only to /// the effective group ID of the process or to one of its supplementary /// group IDs.
_POSIX_CHOWN_RESTRICTED = libc::_PC_CHOWN_RESTRICTED, /// Pathname components longer than {NAME_MAX} generate an error.
_POSIX_NO_TRUNC = libc::_PC_NO_TRUNC, /// This symbol shall be defined to be the value of a character that shall /// disable terminal special character handling.
_POSIX_VDISABLE = libc::_PC_VDISABLE, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
solarish,
target_os = "openbsd",
target_os = "redox",
))] /// Asynchronous input or output operations may be performed for the /// associated file.
_POSIX_ASYNC_IO = libc::_PC_ASYNC_IO, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
solarish,
target_os = "openbsd",
target_os = "redox",
))] /// Prioritized input or output operations may be performed for the /// associated file.
_POSIX_PRIO_IO = libc::_PC_PRIO_IO, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
solarish,
netbsdlike,
target_os = "redox",
))] /// Synchronized input or output operations may be performed for the /// associated file.
_POSIX_SYNC_IO = libc::_PC_SYNC_IO, #[cfg(any(target_os = "dragonfly", target_os = "openbsd"))] /// The resolution in nanoseconds for all file timestamps.
_POSIX_TIMESTAMP_RESOLUTION = libc::_PC_TIMESTAMP_RESOLUTION,
}
/// Like `pathconf`, but works with file descriptors instead of paths (see /// [fpathconf(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pathconf.html)) /// /// # Parameters /// /// - `fd`: The file descriptor whose variable should be interrogated /// - `var`: The pathconf variable to lookup /// /// # Returns /// /// - `Ok(Some(x))`: the variable's limit (for limit variables) or its /// implementation level (for option variables). Implementation levels are /// usually a decimal-coded date, such as 200112 for POSIX 2001.12 /// - `Ok(None)`: the variable has no limit (for limit variables) or is /// unsupported (for option variables) /// - `Err(x)`: an error occurred pubfn fpathconf<F: AsFd>(fd: F, var: PathconfVar) -> Result<Option<c_long>> { let raw = unsafe {
Errno::clear();
libc::fpathconf(fd.as_fd().as_raw_fd(), var as c_int)
}; if raw == -1 { if Errno::last_raw() == 0 {
Ok(None)
} else {
Err(Errno::last())
}
} else {
Ok(Some(raw))
}
}
/// Get path-dependent configurable system variables (see /// [pathconf(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pathconf.html)) /// /// Returns the value of a path-dependent configurable system variable. Most /// supported variables also have associated compile-time constants, but POSIX /// allows their values to change at runtime. There are generally two types of /// `pathconf` variables: options and limits. See [pathconf(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/pathconf.html) for more details. /// /// # Parameters /// /// - `path`: Lookup the value of `var` for this file or directory /// - `var`: The `pathconf` variable to lookup /// /// # Returns /// /// - `Ok(Some(x))`: the variable's limit (for limit variables) or its /// implementation level (for option variables). Implementation levels are /// usually a decimal-coded date, such as 200112 for POSIX 2001.12 /// - `Ok(None)`: the variable has no limit (for limit variables) or is /// unsupported (for option variables) /// - `Err(x)`: an error occurred pubfn pathconf<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(
path: &P,
var: PathconfVar,
) -> Result<Option<c_long>> { let raw = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe {
Errno::clear();
libc::pathconf(cstr.as_ptr(), var as c_int)
})?; if raw == -1 { if Errno::last_raw() == 0 {
Ok(None)
} else {
Err(Errno::last())
}
} else {
Ok(Some(raw))
}
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "feature"]
/// Variable names for `sysconf` /// /// Nix uses the same naming convention for these variables as the /// [getconf(1)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/utilities/getconf.html) utility. /// That is, `SysconfVar` variables have the same name as the abstract variables /// shown in the `sysconf(3)` man page. Usually, it's the same as the C /// variable name without the leading `_SC_`. /// /// All of these symbols are standardized by POSIX 1003.1-2008, but haven't been /// implemented by all platforms. /// /// # References /// /// - [sysconf(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sysconf.html) /// - [unistd.h](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/unistd.h.html) /// - [limits.h](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/limits.h.html) #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, Hash, PartialEq)] #[repr(i32)] #[non_exhaustive] pubenum SysconfVar { /// Maximum number of I/O operations in a single list I/O call supported by /// the implementation. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
AIO_LISTIO_MAX = libc::_SC_AIO_LISTIO_MAX, /// Maximum number of outstanding asynchronous I/O operations supported by /// the implementation. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
AIO_MAX = libc::_SC_AIO_MAX, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The maximum amount by which a process can decrease its asynchronous I/O /// priority level from its own scheduling priority.
AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX = libc::_SC_AIO_PRIO_DELTA_MAX, /// Maximum length of argument to the exec functions including environment data.
ARG_MAX = libc::_SC_ARG_MAX, /// Maximum number of functions that may be registered with `atexit`. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
ATEXIT_MAX = libc::_SC_ATEXIT_MAX, /// Maximum obase values allowed by the bc utility. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
BC_BASE_MAX = libc::_SC_BC_BASE_MAX, /// Maximum number of elements permitted in an array by the bc utility. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
BC_DIM_MAX = libc::_SC_BC_DIM_MAX, /// Maximum scale value allowed by the bc utility. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
BC_SCALE_MAX = libc::_SC_BC_SCALE_MAX, /// Maximum length of a string constant accepted by the bc utility. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
BC_STRING_MAX = libc::_SC_BC_STRING_MAX, /// Maximum number of simultaneous processes per real user ID.
CHILD_MAX = libc::_SC_CHILD_MAX, /// The frequency of the statistics clock in ticks per second.
CLK_TCK = libc::_SC_CLK_TCK, /// Maximum number of weights that can be assigned to an entry of the /// LC_COLLATE order keyword in the locale definition file #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX = libc::_SC_COLL_WEIGHTS_MAX, /// Maximum number of timer expiration overruns. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
DELAYTIMER_MAX = libc::_SC_DELAYTIMER_MAX, /// Maximum number of expressions that can be nested within parentheses by /// the expr utility. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
EXPR_NEST_MAX = libc::_SC_EXPR_NEST_MAX, #[cfg(any(bsd, solarish, target_os = "linux"))] /// Maximum length of a host name (not including the terminating null) as /// returned from the `gethostname` function
HOST_NAME_MAX = libc::_SC_HOST_NAME_MAX, /// Maximum number of iovec structures that one process has available for /// use with `readv` or `writev`. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
IOV_MAX = libc::_SC_IOV_MAX, /// Unless otherwise noted, the maximum length, in bytes, of a utility's /// input line (either standard input or another file), when the utility is /// described as processing text files. The length includes room for the /// trailing newline. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
LINE_MAX = libc::_SC_LINE_MAX, /// Maximum length of a login name. #[cfg(not(target_os = "haiku"))]
LOGIN_NAME_MAX = libc::_SC_LOGIN_NAME_MAX, /// Maximum number of simultaneous supplementary group IDs per process.
NGROUPS_MAX = libc::_SC_NGROUPS_MAX, /// Initial size of `getgrgid_r` and `getgrnam_r` data buffers #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX = libc::_SC_GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX, /// Initial size of `getpwuid_r` and `getpwnam_r` data buffers #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX = libc::_SC_GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX, /// The maximum number of open message queue descriptors a process may hold. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
MQ_OPEN_MAX = libc::_SC_MQ_OPEN_MAX, /// The maximum number of message priorities supported by the implementation. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
MQ_PRIO_MAX = libc::_SC_MQ_PRIO_MAX, /// A value one greater than the maximum value that the system may assign to /// a newly-created file descriptor.
OPEN_MAX = libc::_SC_OPEN_MAX, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Advisory Information option.
_POSIX_ADVISORY_INFO = libc::_SC_ADVISORY_INFO, #[cfg(any(bsd, solarish, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports barriers.
_POSIX_BARRIERS = libc::_SC_BARRIERS, /// The implementation supports asynchronous input and output. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO = libc::_SC_ASYNCHRONOUS_IO, #[cfg(any(bsd, solarish, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports clock selection.
_POSIX_CLOCK_SELECTION = libc::_SC_CLOCK_SELECTION, #[cfg(any(bsd, solarish, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports the Process CPU-Time Clocks option.
_POSIX_CPUTIME = libc::_SC_CPUTIME, /// The implementation supports the File Synchronization option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_FSYNC = libc::_SC_FSYNC, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
solarish,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd",
))] /// The implementation supports the IPv6 option.
_POSIX_IPV6 = libc::_SC_IPV6, /// The implementation supports job control. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_JOB_CONTROL = libc::_SC_JOB_CONTROL, /// The implementation supports memory mapped Files. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_MAPPED_FILES = libc::_SC_MAPPED_FILES, /// The implementation supports the Process Memory Locking option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_MEMLOCK = libc::_SC_MEMLOCK, /// The implementation supports the Range Memory Locking option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_MEMLOCK_RANGE = libc::_SC_MEMLOCK_RANGE, /// The implementation supports memory protection. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_MEMORY_PROTECTION = libc::_SC_MEMORY_PROTECTION, /// The implementation supports the Message Passing option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_MESSAGE_PASSING = libc::_SC_MESSAGE_PASSING, /// The implementation supports the Monotonic Clock option. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_MONOTONIC_CLOCK = libc::_SC_MONOTONIC_CLOCK, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
solarish,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd",
))] /// The implementation supports the Prioritized Input and Output option.
_POSIX_PRIORITIZED_IO = libc::_SC_PRIORITIZED_IO, /// The implementation supports the Process Scheduling option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING = libc::_SC_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
solarish,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd",
))] /// The implementation supports the Raw Sockets option.
_POSIX_RAW_SOCKETS = libc::_SC_RAW_SOCKETS, #[cfg(any(
bsd,
solarish,
target_os = "linux",
))] /// The implementation supports read-write locks.
_POSIX_READER_WRITER_LOCKS = libc::_SC_READER_WRITER_LOCKS, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports realtime signals.
_POSIX_REALTIME_SIGNALS = libc::_SC_REALTIME_SIGNALS, #[cfg(any(
bsd,
solarish,
target_os = "linux",
))] /// The implementation supports the Regular Expression Handling option.
_POSIX_REGEXP = libc::_SC_REGEXP, /// Each process has a saved set-user-ID and a saved set-group-ID. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_SAVED_IDS = libc::_SC_SAVED_IDS, /// The implementation supports semaphores. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_SEMAPHORES = libc::_SC_SEMAPHORES, /// The implementation supports the Shared Memory Objects option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS = libc::_SC_SHARED_MEMORY_OBJECTS, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux",))] /// The implementation supports the POSIX shell.
_POSIX_SHELL = libc::_SC_SHELL, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux",))] /// The implementation supports the Spawn option.
_POSIX_SPAWN = libc::_SC_SPAWN, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux",))] /// The implementation supports spin locks.
_POSIX_SPIN_LOCKS = libc::_SC_SPIN_LOCKS, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Process Sporadic Server option.
_POSIX_SPORADIC_SERVER = libc::_SC_SPORADIC_SERVER, /// The number of replenishment operations that can be simultaneously pending for a particular /// sporadic server scheduler. #[cfg(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))]
_POSIX_SS_REPL_MAX = libc::_SC_SS_REPL_MAX, /// The implementation supports the Synchronized Input and Output option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_SYNCHRONIZED_IO = libc::_SC_SYNCHRONIZED_IO, /// The implementation supports the Thread Stack Address Attribute option. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR = libc::_SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKADDR, /// The implementation supports the Thread Stack Size Attribute option. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE = libc::_SC_THREAD_ATTR_STACKSIZE, #[cfg(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
netbsdlike,
))] /// The implementation supports the Thread CPU-Time Clocks option.
_POSIX_THREAD_CPUTIME = libc::_SC_THREAD_CPUTIME, /// The implementation supports the Non-Robust Mutex Priority Inheritance /// option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_THREAD_PRIO_INHERIT = libc::_SC_THREAD_PRIO_INHERIT, /// The implementation supports the Non-Robust Mutex Priority Protection option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_THREAD_PRIO_PROTECT = libc::_SC_THREAD_PRIO_PROTECT, /// The implementation supports the Thread Execution Scheduling option. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING = libc::_SC_THREAD_PRIORITY_SCHEDULING, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports the Thread Process-Shared Synchronization /// option.
_POSIX_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED = libc::_SC_THREAD_PROCESS_SHARED, #[cfg(any(
target_os = "dragonfly",
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Robust Mutex Priority Inheritance option.
_POSIX_THREAD_ROBUST_PRIO_INHERIT = libc::_SC_THREAD_ROBUST_PRIO_INHERIT, #[cfg(any(
target_os = "dragonfly",
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Robust Mutex Priority Protection option.
_POSIX_THREAD_ROBUST_PRIO_PROTECT = libc::_SC_THREAD_ROBUST_PRIO_PROTECT, /// The implementation supports thread-safe functions. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS = libc::_SC_THREAD_SAFE_FUNCTIONS, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Thread Sporadic Server option.
_POSIX_THREAD_SPORADIC_SERVER = libc::_SC_THREAD_SPORADIC_SERVER, /// The implementation supports threads. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_THREADS = libc::_SC_THREADS, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports timeouts.
_POSIX_TIMEOUTS = libc::_SC_TIMEOUTS, /// The implementation supports timers. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
_POSIX_TIMERS = libc::_SC_TIMERS, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Trace option.
_POSIX_TRACE = libc::_SC_TRACE, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Trace Event Filter option.
_POSIX_TRACE_EVENT_FILTER = libc::_SC_TRACE_EVENT_FILTER, /// Maximum size of a trace event name in characters. #[cfg(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))]
_POSIX_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX = libc::_SC_TRACE_EVENT_NAME_MAX, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Trace Inherit option.
_POSIX_TRACE_INHERIT = libc::_SC_TRACE_INHERIT, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Trace Log option.
_POSIX_TRACE_LOG = libc::_SC_TRACE_LOG, /// The length in bytes of a trace generation version string or a trace stream name. #[cfg(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))]
_POSIX_TRACE_NAME_MAX = libc::_SC_TRACE_NAME_MAX, /// Maximum number of times `posix_trace_create` may be called from the same or different /// processes. #[cfg(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))]
_POSIX_TRACE_SYS_MAX = libc::_SC_TRACE_SYS_MAX, /// Maximum number of user trace event type identifiers for a single process. #[cfg(any(
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))]
_POSIX_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX = libc::_SC_TRACE_USER_EVENT_MAX, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Typed Memory Objects option.
_POSIX_TYPED_MEMORY_OBJECTS = libc::_SC_TYPED_MEMORY_OBJECTS, /// Integer value indicating version of this standard (C-language binding) /// to which the implementation conforms. For implementations conforming to /// POSIX.1-2008, the value shall be 200809L.
_POSIX_VERSION = libc::_SC_VERSION, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with /// 32-bit `int`, `long`, `pointer`, and `off_t` types.
_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFF32 = libc::_SC_V6_ILP32_OFF32, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with /// 32-bit `int`, `long`, and pointer types and an `off_t` type using at /// least 64 bits.
_POSIX_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG = libc::_SC_V6_ILP32_OFFBIG, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with /// 32-bit `int` and 64-bit `long`, `pointer`, and `off_t` types.
_POSIX_V6_LP64_OFF64 = libc::_SC_V6_LP64_OFF64, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation provides a C-language compilation environment with an /// `int` type using at least 32 bits and `long`, pointer, and `off_t` types /// using at least 64 bits.
_POSIX_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG = libc::_SC_V6_LPBIG_OFFBIG, /// The implementation supports the C-Language Binding option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_C_BIND = libc::_SC_2_C_BIND, /// The implementation supports the C-Language Development Utilities option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_C_DEV = libc::_SC_2_C_DEV, /// The implementation supports the Terminal Characteristics option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_CHAR_TERM = libc::_SC_2_CHAR_TERM, /// The implementation supports the FORTRAN Development Utilities option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_FORT_DEV = libc::_SC_2_FORT_DEV, /// The implementation supports the FORTRAN Runtime Utilities option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_FORT_RUN = libc::_SC_2_FORT_RUN, /// The implementation supports the creation of locales by the localedef /// utility. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_LOCALEDEF = libc::_SC_2_LOCALEDEF, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports the Batch Environment Services and Utilities /// option.
_POSIX2_PBS = libc::_SC_2_PBS, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports the Batch Accounting option.
_POSIX2_PBS_ACCOUNTING = libc::_SC_2_PBS_ACCOUNTING, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports the Batch Checkpoint/Restart option.
_POSIX2_PBS_CHECKPOINT = libc::_SC_2_PBS_CHECKPOINT, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports the Locate Batch Job Request option.
_POSIX2_PBS_LOCATE = libc::_SC_2_PBS_LOCATE, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports the Batch Job Message Request option.
_POSIX2_PBS_MESSAGE = libc::_SC_2_PBS_MESSAGE, #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))] /// The implementation supports the Track Batch Job Request option.
_POSIX2_PBS_TRACK = libc::_SC_2_PBS_TRACK, /// The implementation supports the Software Development Utilities option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_SW_DEV = libc::_SC_2_SW_DEV, /// The implementation supports the User Portability Utilities option. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_UPE = libc::_SC_2_UPE, /// Integer value indicating version of the Shell and Utilities volume of /// POSIX.1 to which the implementation conforms. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_POSIX2_VERSION = libc::_SC_2_VERSION, /// The size of a system page in bytes. /// /// POSIX also defines an alias named `PAGESIZE`, but Rust does not allow two /// enum constants to have the same value, so nix omits `PAGESIZE`.
PAGE_SIZE = libc::_SC_PAGE_SIZE, /// Maximum number of attempts made to destroy a thread's thread-specific data values on thread /// exit. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
PTHREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS = libc::_SC_THREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS, /// Maximum number of data keys that can be created by a process. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
PTHREAD_KEYS_MAX = libc::_SC_THREAD_KEYS_MAX, /// Minimum size in bytes of thread stack storage. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
PTHREAD_STACK_MIN = libc::_SC_THREAD_STACK_MIN, /// Maximum number of threads that can be created per process. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
PTHREAD_THREADS_MAX = libc::_SC_THREAD_THREADS_MAX, /// The maximum number of repeated occurrences of a regular expression permitted when using /// interval notation. #[cfg(not(target_os = "haiku"))]
RE_DUP_MAX = libc::_SC_RE_DUP_MAX, /// Maximum number of realtime signals reserved for application use. #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))]
RTSIG_MAX = libc::_SC_RTSIG_MAX, /// Maximum number of semaphores that a process may have. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
SEM_NSEMS_MAX = libc::_SC_SEM_NSEMS_MAX, /// The maximum value a semaphore may have. #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))]
SEM_VALUE_MAX = libc::_SC_SEM_VALUE_MAX, /// Maximum number of queued signals that a process may send and have pending at the /// receiver(s) at any time. #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))]
SIGQUEUE_MAX = libc::_SC_SIGQUEUE_MAX, /// The minimum maximum number of streams that a process may have open at any one time.
STREAM_MAX = libc::_SC_STREAM_MAX, /// Maximum number of symbolic links that can be reliably traversed in the resolution of a /// pathname in the absence of a loop. #[cfg(any(bsd, target_os = "linux"))]
SYMLOOP_MAX = libc::_SC_SYMLOOP_MAX, /// Maximum number of timers per process supported. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))]
TIMER_MAX = libc::_SC_TIMER_MAX, /// Maximum length of terminal device name.
TTY_NAME_MAX = libc::_SC_TTY_NAME_MAX, /// The minimum maximum number of types supported for the name of a timezone.
TZNAME_MAX = libc::_SC_TZNAME_MAX, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the X/Open Encryption Option Group.
_XOPEN_CRYPT = libc::_SC_XOPEN_CRYPT, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the Issue 4, Version 2 Enhanced /// Internationalization Option Group.
_XOPEN_ENH_I18N = libc::_SC_XOPEN_ENH_I18N, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the XOpen Legacy Option group. /// /// See Also <https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/007904975/basedefs/xbd_chap02.html>
_XOPEN_LEGACY = libc::_SC_XOPEN_LEGACY, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the X/Open Realtime Option Group.
_XOPEN_REALTIME = libc::_SC_XOPEN_REALTIME, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the X/Open Realtime Threads Option Group.
_XOPEN_REALTIME_THREADS = libc::_SC_XOPEN_REALTIME_THREADS, /// The implementation supports the Issue 4, Version 2 Shared Memory Option /// Group. #[cfg(not(any(target_os = "redox", target_os = "haiku")))]
_XOPEN_SHM = libc::_SC_XOPEN_SHM, #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "linux",
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the XSI STREAMS Option Group.
_XOPEN_STREAMS = libc::_SC_XOPEN_STREAMS, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// The implementation supports the XSI option
_XOPEN_UNIX = libc::_SC_XOPEN_UNIX, #[cfg(any(
linux_android,
freebsdlike,
apple_targets,
target_os = "openbsd"
))] /// Integer value indicating version of the X/Open Portability Guide to /// which the implementation conforms.
_XOPEN_VERSION = libc::_SC_XOPEN_VERSION, /// The number of pages of physical memory. Note that it is possible for /// the product of this value to overflow. #[cfg(linux_android)]
_PHYS_PAGES = libc::_SC_PHYS_PAGES, /// The number of currently available pages of physical memory. #[cfg(linux_android)]
_AVPHYS_PAGES = libc::_SC_AVPHYS_PAGES, /// The number of processors configured. #[cfg(linux_android)]
_NPROCESSORS_CONF = libc::_SC_NPROCESSORS_CONF, /// The number of processors currently online (available). #[cfg(linux_android)]
_NPROCESSORS_ONLN = libc::_SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN,
}
/// Get configurable system variables (see /// [sysconf(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/sysconf.html)) /// /// Returns the value of a configurable system variable. Most supported /// variables also have associated compile-time constants, but POSIX /// allows their values to change at runtime. There are generally two types of /// sysconf variables: options and limits. See sysconf(3) for more details. /// /// # Returns /// /// - `Ok(Some(x))`: the variable's limit (for limit variables) or its /// implementation level (for option variables). Implementation levels are /// usually a decimal-coded date, such as 200112 for POSIX 2001.12 /// - `Ok(None)`: the variable has no limit (for limit variables) or is /// unsupported (for option variables) /// - `Err(x)`: an error occurred pubfn sysconf(var: SysconfVar) -> Result<Option<c_long>> { let raw = unsafe {
Errno::clear();
libc::sysconf(var as c_int)
}; if raw == -1 { if Errno::last_raw() == 0 {
Ok(None)
} else {
Err(Errno::last())
}
} else {
Ok(Some(raw))
}
}
}
#[cfg(linux_android)] #[cfg(feature = "fs")] mod pivot_root { usecrate::errno::Errno; usecrate::{NixPath, Result};
/// Change the root file system. /// /// See Also [`pivot_root`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/pivot_root.2.html) pubfn pivot_root<P1: ?Sized + NixPath, P2: ?Sized + NixPath>(
new_root: &P1,
put_old: &P2,
) -> Result<()> { let res = new_root.with_nix_path(|new_root| {
put_old.with_nix_path(|put_old| unsafe {
libc::syscall(
libc::SYS_pivot_root,
new_root.as_ptr(),
put_old.as_ptr(),
)
})
})??;
/// Sets the real, effective, and saved uid. /// ([see setresuid(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/setresuid.2.html)) /// /// * `ruid`: real user id /// * `euid`: effective user id /// * `suid`: saved user id /// * returns: Ok or libc error code. /// /// Err is returned if the user doesn't have permission to set this UID. #[inline] pubfn setresuid(ruid: Uid, euid: Uid, suid: Uid) -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::setresuid(ruid.into(), euid.into(), suid.into()) };
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Sets the real, effective, and saved gid. /// ([see setresuid(2)](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man2/setresuid.2.html)) /// /// * `rgid`: real group id /// * `egid`: effective group id /// * `sgid`: saved group id /// * returns: Ok or libc error code. /// /// Err is returned if the user doesn't have permission to set this GID. #[inline] pubfn setresgid(rgid: Gid, egid: Gid, sgid: Gid) -> Result<()> { let res = unsafe { libc::setresgid(rgid.into(), egid.into(), sgid.into()) };
#[cfg(feature = "process")] #[cfg(target_os = "freebsd")]
libc_bitflags! { /// Flags for [`rfork`] /// /// subset of flags supported by FreeBSD 12.x and onwards /// with a safe outcome, thus as `RFMEM` can possibly lead to undefined behavior, /// it is not in the list. And `rfork_thread` is deprecated. pubstruct RforkFlags: libc::c_int { /// creates a new process.
RFPROC; /// the child process will detach from the parent. /// however, no status will be emitted at child's exit.
RFNOWAIT; /// the file descriptor's table will be copied
RFFDG; /// a new file descriptor's table will be created
RFCFDG; /// force sharing the sigacts structure between /// the child and the parent.
RFSIGSHARE; /// enables kernel thread support.
RFTHREAD; /// sets a status to emit at child's exit.
RFTSIGZMB; /// linux's behavior compatibility setting. /// emits SIGUSR1 as opposed to SIGCHLD upon child's exit.
RFLINUXTHPN;
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "process"] #[cfg(target_os = "freebsd")] /// Like [`fork`], `rfork` can be used to have a tigher control about which /// resources child and parent process will be sharing, file descriptors, /// address spaces and child exit's behavior. /// /// # Safety /// /// The same restrictions apply as for [`fork`]. /// /// # See Also /// /// * [rfork(2)](https://man.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=rfork) pubunsafefn rfork(flags: RforkFlags) -> Result<ForkResult> { use ForkResult::*; let res = unsafe { libc::rfork(flags.bits()) };
Errno::result(res).map(|res| match res { 0 => Child,
res => Parent { child: Pid(res) },
})
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "fs")]
libc_bitflags! { /// Options for access() #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "fs")))] pubstruct AccessFlags : c_int { /// Test for existence of file.
F_OK; /// Test for read permission.
R_OK; /// Test for write permission.
W_OK; /// Test for execute (search) permission.
X_OK;
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "fs"]
/// Checks the file named by `path` for accessibility according to the flags given by `amode` /// See [access(2)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/access.html) pubfn access<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(path: &P, amode: AccessFlags) -> Result<()> { let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe {
libc::access(cstr.as_ptr(), amode.bits())
})?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Checks the file named by `path` for accessibility according to the flags given by `mode` /// /// If `dirfd` has a value, then `path` is relative to directory associated with the file descriptor. /// /// If `dirfd` is `None`, then `path` is relative to the current working directory. /// /// # References /// /// [faccessat(2)](http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/faccessat.html) // redox: does not appear to support the *at family of syscalls. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] pubfn faccessat<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(
dirfd: Option<RawFd>,
path: &P,
mode: AccessFlags,
flags: AtFlags,
) -> Result<()> { let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe {
libc::faccessat(
at_rawfd(dirfd),
cstr.as_ptr(),
mode.bits(),
flags.bits(),
)
})?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
/// Checks the file named by `path` for accessibility according to the flags given /// by `mode` using effective UID, effective GID and supplementary group lists. /// /// # References /// /// * [FreeBSD man page](https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=eaccess&sektion=2&n=1) /// * [Linux man page](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/euidaccess.3.html) #[cfg(any(
freebsdlike,
all(target_os = "linux", not(target_env = "uclibc")),
))] pubfn eaccess<P: ?Sized + NixPath>(path: &P, mode: AccessFlags) -> Result<()> { let res = path.with_nix_path(|cstr| unsafe {
libc::eaccess(cstr.as_ptr(), mode.bits())
})?;
Errno::result(res).map(drop)
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "user"]
/// Representation of a User, based on `libc::passwd` /// /// The reason some fields in this struct are `String` and others are `CString` is because some /// fields are based on the user's locale, which could be non-UTF8, while other fields are /// guaranteed to conform to [`NAME_REGEX`](https://serverfault.com/a/73101/407341), which only /// contains ASCII. #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] // RedoxFS does not support passwd #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)] pubstruct User { /// Username pub name: String, /// User password (probably hashed) pub passwd: CString, /// User ID pub uid: Uid, /// Group ID pub gid: Gid, /// User information #[cfg(not(all(target_os = "android", target_pointer_width = "32")))] pub gecos: CString, /// Home directory pub dir: PathBuf, /// Path to shell pub shell: PathBuf, /// Login class #[cfg(not(any(
linux_android,
solarish,
target_os = "aix",
target_os = "fuchsia",
target_os = "haiku",
target_os = "hurd",
)))] pub class: CString, /// Last password change #[cfg(not(any(
linux_android,
solarish,
target_os = "aix",
target_os = "fuchsia",
target_os = "haiku",
target_os = "hurd",
)))] pub change: libc::time_t, /// Expiration time of account #[cfg(not(any(
linux_android,
solarish,
target_os = "aix",
target_os = "fuchsia",
target_os = "haiku",
target_os = "hurd",
)))] pub expire: libc::time_t,
}
#[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] // RedoxFS does not support passwd impl User { /// # Safety /// /// If `f` writes to its `*mut *mut libc::passwd` parameter, then it must /// also initialize the value pointed to by its `*mut libc::group` /// parameter. unsafefn from_anything<F>(f: F) -> Result<Option<Self>> where
F: Fn(
*mut libc::passwd,
*mut c_char,
libc::size_t,
*mut *mut libc::passwd,
) -> libc::c_int,
{ let buflimit = 1048576; let bufsize = match sysconf(SysconfVar::GETPW_R_SIZE_MAX) {
Ok(Some(n)) => n as usize,
Ok(None) | Err(_) => 16384,
};
loop { let error = f(
pwd.as_mut_ptr(),
cbuf.as_mut_ptr(),
cbuf.capacity(),
&mut res,
); if error == 0 { if res.is_null() { return Ok(None);
} else { // SAFETY: `f` guarantees that `pwd` is initialized if `res` // is not null. let pwd = unsafe { pwd.assume_init() }; return Ok(Some(User::from(&pwd)));
}
} elseif Errno::last() == Errno::ERANGE { // Trigger the internal buffer resizing logic.
reserve_double_buffer_size(&mut cbuf, buflimit)?;
} else { return Err(Errno::last());
}
}
}
/// Get a user by UID. /// /// Internally, this function calls /// [getpwuid_r(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwuid_r.html) /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use nix::unistd::{Uid, User}; /// // Returns an Result<Option<User>>, thus the double unwrap. /// let res = User::from_uid(Uid::from_raw(0)).unwrap().unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(res.name, "root"); /// ``` pubfn from_uid(uid: Uid) -> Result<Option<Self>> { // SAFETY: `getpwuid_r` will write to `res` if it initializes the value // at `pwd`. unsafe {
User::from_anything(|pwd, cbuf, cap, res| {
libc::getpwuid_r(uid.0, pwd, cbuf, cap, res)
})
}
}
/// Get a user by name. /// /// Internally, this function calls /// [getpwnam_r(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwnam_r.html) /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use nix::unistd::User; /// // Returns an Result<Option<User>>, thus the double unwrap. /// let res = User::from_name("root").unwrap().unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(res.name, "root"); /// ``` pubfn from_name(name: &str) -> Result<Option<Self>> { let name = match CString::new(name) {
Ok(c_str) => c_str,
Err(_nul_error) => return Ok(None),
}; // SAFETY: `getpwnam_r` will write to `res` if it initializes the value // at `pwd`. unsafe {
User::from_anything(|pwd, cbuf, cap, res| {
libc::getpwnam_r(name.as_ptr(), pwd, cbuf, cap, res)
})
}
}
}
/// Representation of a Group, based on `libc::group` #[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] // RedoxFS does not support passwd #[derive(Debug, Clone, Eq, PartialEq)] pubstruct Group { /// Group name pub name: String, /// Group password pub passwd: CString, /// Group ID pub gid: Gid, /// List of Group members pub mem: Vec<String>,
}
#[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] // RedoxFS does not support passwd impl From<&libc::group> for Group { fn from(gr: &libc::group) -> Group { unsafe {
Group {
name: if gr.gr_name.is_null() {
Default::default()
} else {
CStr::from_ptr(gr.gr_name).to_string_lossy().into_owned()
},
passwd: if gr.gr_passwd.is_null() {
Default::default()
} else {
CString::new(CStr::from_ptr(gr.gr_passwd).to_bytes())
.unwrap()
},
gid: Gid::from_raw(gr.gr_gid),
mem: if gr.gr_mem.is_null() {
Default::default()
} else {
Group::members(gr.gr_mem)
},
}
}
}
}
#[cfg(not(target_os = "redox"))] // RedoxFS does not support passwd impl Group { unsafefn members(mem: *mut *mut c_char) -> Vec<String> { letmut ret = Vec::new();
for i in0.. { let u = unsafe { mem.offset(i).read_unaligned() }; if u.is_null() { break;
} else { let s = unsafe {CStr::from_ptr(u).to_string_lossy().into_owned()};
ret.push(s);
}
}
ret
} /// # Safety /// /// If `f` writes to its `*mut *mut libc::group` parameter, then it must /// also initialize the value pointed to by its `*mut libc::group` /// parameter. unsafefn from_anything<F>(f: F) -> Result<Option<Self>> where
F: Fn(
*mut libc::group,
*mut c_char,
libc::size_t,
*mut *mut libc::group,
) -> libc::c_int,
{ let buflimit = 1048576; let bufsize = match sysconf(SysconfVar::GETGR_R_SIZE_MAX) {
Ok(Some(n)) => n as usize,
Ok(None) | Err(_) => 16384,
};
loop { let error = f(
grp.as_mut_ptr(),
cbuf.as_mut_ptr(),
cbuf.capacity(),
&mut res,
); if error == 0 { if res.is_null() { return Ok(None);
} else { // SAFETY: `f` guarantees that `grp` is initialized if `res` // is not null. let grp = unsafe { grp.assume_init() }; return Ok(Some(Group::from(&grp)));
}
} elseif Errno::last() == Errno::ERANGE { // Trigger the internal buffer resizing logic.
reserve_double_buffer_size(&mut cbuf, buflimit)?;
} else { return Err(Errno::last());
}
}
}
/// Get a group by GID. /// /// Internally, this function calls /// [getgrgid_r(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwuid_r.html) /// /// # Examples /// // Disable this test on all OS except Linux as root group may not exist. #[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "linux"), doc = " ```no_run")] #[cfg_attr(target_os = "linux", doc = " ```")] /// use nix::unistd::{Gid, Group}; /// // Returns an Result<Option<Group>>, thus the double unwrap. /// let res = Group::from_gid(Gid::from_raw(0)).unwrap().unwrap(); /// assert!(res.name == "root"); /// ``` pubfn from_gid(gid: Gid) -> Result<Option<Self>> { // SAFETY: `getgrgid_r` will write to `res` if it initializes the value // at `grp`. unsafe {
Group::from_anything(|grp, cbuf, cap, res| {
libc::getgrgid_r(gid.0, grp, cbuf, cap, res)
})
}
}
/// Get a group by name. /// /// Internally, this function calls /// [getgrnam_r(3)](https://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/getpwuid_r.html) /// /// # Examples /// // Disable this test on all OS except Linux as root group may not exist. #[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "linux"), doc = " ```no_run")] #[cfg_attr(target_os = "linux", doc = " ```")] /// use nix::unistd::Group; /// // Returns an Result<Option<Group>>, thus the double unwrap. /// let res = Group::from_name("root").unwrap().unwrap(); /// assert!(res.name == "root"); /// ``` pubfn from_name(name: &str) -> Result<Option<Self>> { let name = match CString::new(name) {
Ok(c_str) => c_str,
Err(_nul_error) => return Ok(None),
}; // SAFETY: `getgrnam_r` will write to `res` if it initializes the value // at `grp`. unsafe {
Group::from_anything(|grp, cbuf, cap, res| {
libc::getgrnam_r(name.as_ptr(), grp, cbuf, cap, res)
})
}
}
}
}
feature! { #![feature = "term"]
/// Get the name of the terminal device that is open on file descriptor fd /// (see [`ttyname(3)`](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man3/ttyname.3.html)). #[cfg(not(target_os = "fuchsia"))] pubfn ttyname<F: AsFd>(fd: F) -> Result<PathBuf> { #[cfg(not(target_os = "hurd"))] const PATH_MAX: usize = libc::PATH_MAX as usize; #[cfg(target_os = "hurd")] const PATH_MAX: usize = 1024; // Hurd does not define a hard limit, so try a guess first letmut buf = vec![0_u8; PATH_MAX]; let c_buf = buf.as_mut_ptr().cast();
let ret = unsafe { libc::ttyname_r(fd.as_fd().as_raw_fd(), c_buf, buf.len()) }; if ret != 0 { return Err(Errno::from_raw(ret));
}
/// Get the effective user ID and group ID associated with a Unix domain socket. /// /// See also [getpeereid(3)](https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=getpeereid) #[cfg(bsd)] pubfn getpeereid<F: AsFd>(fd: F) -> Result<(Uid, Gid)> { letmut uid = 1; letmut gid = 1;
let ret = unsafe { libc::getpeereid(fd.as_fd().as_raw_fd(), &mutuid, &mut gid) };
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