// Copyright 2021 Developers of the Rand project. // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or // https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license // <LICENSE-MIT or https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed // except according to those terms.
usecrate::distributions::{Distribution, Uniform};
/// A distribution to sample items uniformly from a slice. /// /// [`Slice::new`] constructs a distribution referencing a slice and uniformly /// samples references from the items in the slice. It may do extra work up /// front to make sampling of multiple values faster; if only one sample from /// the slice is required, [`SliceRandom::choose`] can be more efficient. /// /// Steps are taken to avoid bias which might be present in naive /// implementations; for example `slice[rng.gen() % slice.len()]` samples from /// the slice, but may be more likely to select numbers in the low range than /// other values. /// /// This distribution samples with replacement; each sample is independent. /// Sampling without replacement requires state to be retained, and therefore /// cannot be handled by a distribution; you should instead consider methods /// on [`SliceRandom`], such as [`SliceRandom::choose_multiple`]. /// /// # Example /// /// ``` /// use rand::Rng; /// use rand::distributions::Slice; /// /// let vowels = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u']; /// let vowels_dist = Slice::new(&vowels).unwrap(); /// let rng = rand::thread_rng(); /// /// // build a string of 10 vowels /// let vowel_string: String = rng /// .sample_iter(&vowels_dist) /// .take(10) /// .collect(); /// /// println!("{}", vowel_string); /// assert_eq!(vowel_string.len(), 10); /// assert!(vowel_string.chars().all(|c| vowels.contains(&c))); /// ``` /// /// For a single sample, [`SliceRandom::choose`][crate::seq::SliceRandom::choose] /// may be preferred: /// /// ``` /// use rand::seq::SliceRandom; /// /// let vowels = ['a', 'e', 'i', 'o', 'u']; /// let mut rng = rand::thread_rng(); /// /// println!("{}", vowels.choose(&mut rng).unwrap()) /// ``` /// /// [`SliceRandom`]: crate::seq::SliceRandom /// [`SliceRandom::choose`]: crate::seq::SliceRandom::choose /// [`SliceRandom::choose_multiple`]: crate::seq::SliceRandom::choose_multiple #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)] pubstruct Slice<'a, T> {
slice: &'a [T],
range: Uniform<usize>,
}
impl<'a, T> Slice<'a, T> { /// Create a new `Slice` instance which samples uniformly from the slice. /// Returns `Err` if the slice is empty. pubfn new(slice: &'a [T]) -> Result<Self, EmptySlice> { match slice.len() { 0 => Err(EmptySlice),
len => Ok(Self {
slice,
range: Uniform::new(0, len),
}),
}
}
}
impl<'a, T> Distribution<&'a T> for Slice<'a, T> { fn sample<R: crate::Rng + ?Sized>(&self, rng: &mut R) -> &'a T { let idx = self.range.sample(rng);
// Safety: at construction time, it was ensured that the slice was // non-empty, and that the `Uniform` range produces values in range // for the slice unsafe { self.slice.get_unchecked(idx) }
}
}
/// Error type indicating that a [`Slice`] distribution was improperly /// constructed with an empty slice. #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)] pubstruct EmptySlice;
impl core::fmt::Display for EmptySlice { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> core::fmt::Result {
write!(
f, "Tried to create a `distributions::Slice` with an empty slice"
)
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "std")] impl std::error::Error for EmptySlice {}
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