// Copyright 2018 Developers of the Rand project. // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 <LICENSE-APACHE or // https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license // <LICENSE-MIT or https://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your // option. This file may not be copied, modified, or distributed // except according to those terms.
//! The `BlockRngCore` trait and implementation helpers //! //! The [`BlockRngCore`] trait exists to assist in the implementation of RNGs //! which generate a block of data in a cache instead of returning generated //! values directly. //! //! Usage of this trait is optional, but provides two advantages: //! implementations only need to concern themselves with generation of the //! block, not the various [`RngCore`] methods (especially [`fill_bytes`], where //! the optimal implementations are not trivial), and this allows //! `ReseedingRng` (see [`rand`](https://docs.rs/rand) crate) perform periodic //! reseeding with very low overhead. //! //! # Example //! //! ```no_run //! use rand_core::{RngCore, SeedableRng}; //! use rand_core::block::{BlockRngCore, BlockRng}; //! //! struct MyRngCore; //! //! impl BlockRngCore for MyRngCore { //! type Item = u32; //! type Results = [u32; 16]; //! //! fn generate(&mut self, results: &mut Self::Results) { //! unimplemented!() //! } //! } //! //! impl SeedableRng for MyRngCore { //! type Seed = [u8; 32]; //! fn from_seed(seed: Self::Seed) -> Self { //! unimplemented!() //! } //! } //! //! // optionally, also implement CryptoRng for MyRngCore //! //! // Final RNG. //! let mut rng = BlockRng::<MyRngCore>::seed_from_u64(0); //! println!("First value: {}", rng.next_u32()); //! ``` //! //! [`BlockRngCore`]: crate::block::BlockRngCore //! [`fill_bytes`]: RngCore::fill_bytes
usecrate::impls::{fill_via_u32_chunks, fill_via_u64_chunks}; usecrate::{CryptoRng, Error, RngCore, SeedableRng}; use core::convert::AsRef; use core::fmt; #[cfg(feature = "serde1")] use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
/// A trait for RNGs which do not generate random numbers individually, but in /// blocks (typically `[u32; N]`). This technique is commonly used by /// cryptographic RNGs to improve performance. /// /// See the [module][crate::block] documentation for details. pubtrait BlockRngCore { /// Results element type, e.g. `u32`. type Item;
/// Results type. This is the 'block' an RNG implementing `BlockRngCore` /// generates, which will usually be an array like `[u32; 16]`. type Results: AsRef<[Self::Item]> + AsMut<[Self::Item]> + Default;
/// Generate a new block of results. fn generate(&mutself, results: &mutSelf::Results);
}
/// A wrapper type implementing [`RngCore`] for some type implementing /// [`BlockRngCore`] with `u32` array buffer; i.e. this can be used to implement /// a full RNG from just a `generate` function. /// /// The `core` field may be accessed directly but the results buffer may not. /// PRNG implementations can simply use a type alias /// (`pub type MyRng = BlockRng<MyRngCore>;`) but might prefer to use a /// wrapper type (`pub struct MyRng(BlockRng<MyRngCore>);`); the latter must /// re-implement `RngCore` but hides the implementation details and allows /// extra functionality to be defined on the RNG /// (e.g. `impl MyRng { fn set_stream(...){...} }`). /// /// `BlockRng` has heavily optimized implementations of the [`RngCore`] methods /// reading values from the results buffer, as well as /// calling [`BlockRngCore::generate`] directly on the output array when /// [`fill_bytes`] / [`try_fill_bytes`] is called on a large array. These methods /// also handle the bookkeeping of when to generate a new batch of values. /// /// No whole generated `u32` values are thrown away and all values are consumed /// in-order. [`next_u32`] simply takes the next available `u32` value. /// [`next_u64`] is implemented by combining two `u32` values, least /// significant first. [`fill_bytes`] and [`try_fill_bytes`] consume a whole /// number of `u32` values, converting each `u32` to a byte slice in /// little-endian order. If the requested byte length is not a multiple of 4, /// some bytes will be discarded. /// /// See also [`BlockRng64`] which uses `u64` array buffers. Currently there is /// no direct support for other buffer types. /// /// For easy initialization `BlockRng` also implements [`SeedableRng`]. /// /// [`next_u32`]: RngCore::next_u32 /// [`next_u64`]: RngCore::next_u64 /// [`fill_bytes`]: RngCore::fill_bytes /// [`try_fill_bytes`]: RngCore::try_fill_bytes #[derive(Clone)] #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde1", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))] #[cfg_attr(
feature = "serde1",
serde(
bound = "for<'x> R: Serialize + Deserialize<'x> + Sized, for<'x> R::Results: Serialize + Deserialize<'x>"
)
)] pubstruct BlockRng<R: BlockRngCore + ?Sized> {
results: R::Results,
index: usize, /// The *core* part of the RNG, implementing the `generate` function. pub core: R,
}
// Custom Debug implementation that does not expose the contents of `results`. impl<R: BlockRngCore + fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for BlockRng<R> { fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
fmt.debug_struct("BlockRng")
.field("core", &self.core)
.field("result_len", &self.results.as_ref().len())
.field("index", &self.index)
.finish()
}
}
impl<R: BlockRngCore> BlockRng<R> { /// Create a new `BlockRng` from an existing RNG implementing /// `BlockRngCore`. Results will be generated on first use. #[inline] pubfn new(core: R) -> BlockRng<R> { let results_empty = R::Results::default();
BlockRng {
core,
index: results_empty.as_ref().len(),
results: results_empty,
}
}
/// Get the index into the result buffer. /// /// If this is equal to or larger than the size of the result buffer then /// the buffer is "empty" and `generate()` must be called to produce new /// results. #[inline(always)] pubfn index(&self) -> usize { self.index
}
/// Reset the number of available results. /// This will force a new set of results to be generated on next use. #[inline] pubfn reset(&mutself) { self.index = self.results.as_ref().len();
}
/// Generate a new set of results immediately, setting the index to the /// given value. #[inline] pubfn generate_and_set(&mutself, index: usize) {
assert!(index < self.results.as_ref().len()); self.core.generate(&mutself.results); self.index = index;
}
}
impl<R: BlockRngCore<Item = u32>> RngCore for BlockRng<R> where
<R as BlockRngCore>::Results: AsRef<[u32]> + AsMut<[u32]>,
{ #[inline] fn next_u32(&mutself) -> u32 { ifself.index >= self.results.as_ref().len() { self.generate_and_set(0);
}
let value = self.results.as_ref()[self.index]; self.index += 1;
value
}
#[inline] fn next_u64(&mutself) -> u64 { let read_u64 = |results: &[u32], index| { let data = &results[index..=index + 1];
u64::from(data[1]) << 32 | u64::from(data[0])
};
let len = self.results.as_ref().len();
let index = self.index; if index < len - 1 { self.index += 2; // Read an u64 from the current index
read_u64(self.results.as_ref(), index)
} elseif index >= len { self.generate_and_set(2);
read_u64(self.results.as_ref(), 0)
} else { let x = u64::from(self.results.as_ref()[len - 1]); self.generate_and_set(1); let y = u64::from(self.results.as_ref()[0]);
(y << 32) | x
}
}
/// A wrapper type implementing [`RngCore`] for some type implementing /// [`BlockRngCore`] with `u64` array buffer; i.e. this can be used to implement /// a full RNG from just a `generate` function. /// /// This is similar to [`BlockRng`], but specialized for algorithms that operate /// on `u64` values. /// /// No whole generated `u64` values are thrown away and all values are consumed /// in-order. [`next_u64`] simply takes the next available `u64` value. /// [`next_u32`] is however a bit special: half of a `u64` is consumed, leaving /// the other half in the buffer. If the next function called is [`next_u32`] /// then the other half is then consumed, however both [`next_u64`] and /// [`fill_bytes`] discard the rest of any half-consumed `u64`s when called. /// /// [`fill_bytes`] and [`try_fill_bytes`] consume a whole number of `u64` /// values. If the requested length is not a multiple of 8, some bytes will be /// discarded. /// /// [`next_u32`]: RngCore::next_u32 /// [`next_u64`]: RngCore::next_u64 /// [`fill_bytes`]: RngCore::fill_bytes /// [`try_fill_bytes`]: RngCore::try_fill_bytes #[derive(Clone)] #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde1", derive(Serialize, Deserialize))] pubstruct BlockRng64<R: BlockRngCore + ?Sized> {
results: R::Results,
index: usize,
half_used: bool, // true if only half of the previous result is used /// The *core* part of the RNG, implementing the `generate` function. pub core: R,
}
// Custom Debug implementation that does not expose the contents of `results`. impl<R: BlockRngCore + fmt::Debug> fmt::Debug for BlockRng64<R> { fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
fmt.debug_struct("BlockRng64")
.field("core", &self.core)
.field("result_len", &self.results.as_ref().len())
.field("index", &self.index)
.field("half_used", &self.half_used)
.finish()
}
}
impl<R: BlockRngCore> BlockRng64<R> { /// Create a new `BlockRng` from an existing RNG implementing /// `BlockRngCore`. Results will be generated on first use. #[inline] pubfn new(core: R) -> BlockRng64<R> { let results_empty = R::Results::default();
BlockRng64 {
core,
index: results_empty.as_ref().len(),
half_used: false,
results: results_empty,
}
}
/// Get the index into the result buffer. /// /// If this is equal to or larger than the size of the result buffer then /// the buffer is "empty" and `generate()` must be called to produce new /// results. #[inline(always)] pubfn index(&self) -> usize { self.index
}
/// Reset the number of available results. /// This will force a new set of results to be generated on next use. #[inline] pubfn reset(&mutself) { self.index = self.results.as_ref().len(); self.half_used = false;
}
/// Generate a new set of results immediately, setting the index to the /// given value. #[inline] pubfn generate_and_set(&mutself, index: usize) {
assert!(index < self.results.as_ref().len()); self.core.generate(&mutself.results); self.index = index; self.half_used = false;
}
}
impl<R: BlockRngCore<Item = u64>> RngCore for BlockRng64<R> where
<R as BlockRngCore>::Results: AsRef<[u64]> + AsMut<[u64]>,
{ #[inline] fn next_u32(&mutself) -> u32 { letmut index = self.index - self.half_used as usize; if index >= self.results.as_ref().len() { self.core.generate(&mutself.results); self.index = 0;
index = 0; // `self.half_used` is by definition `false` self.half_used = false;
}
let shift = 32 * (self.half_used as usize);
self.half_used = !self.half_used; self.index += self.half_used as usize;
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