usecrate::imp::Box; usecrate::{AsImpl, IUnknown, IUnknownImpl, Interface, InterfaceRef}; use core::any::Any; use core::borrow::Borrow; use core::ops::Deref; use core::ptr::NonNull;
/// Identifies types that can be placed in [`ComObject`]. /// /// This trait links types that can be placed in `ComObject` with the types generated by the /// `#[implement]` macro. The `#[implement]` macro generates implementations of this trait. /// The generated types contain the vtable layouts and refcount-related fields for the COM /// object implementation. /// /// This trait is an implementation detail of the Windows crates. /// User code should not deal directly with this trait. /// /// This trait is sort of the reverse of [`IUnknownImpl`]. This trait allows user code to use /// [`ComObject<T>`] instead of `ComObject<T_Impl>`. pubtrait ComObjectInner: Sized { /// The generated `<foo>_Impl` type (aka the "boxed" type or "outer" type). type Outer: IUnknownImpl<Impl = Self>;
/// Moves an instance of this type into a new ComObject box and returns it. /// /// # Safety /// /// It is important that safe Rust code never be able to acquire an owned instance of a /// generated "outer" COM object type, e.g. `<foo>_Impl`. This would be unsafe because the /// `<foo>_Impl` object contains a reference count field and provides methods that adjust /// the reference count, and destroy the object when the reference count reaches zero. /// /// Safe Rust code must only be able to interact with these values by accessing them via a /// `ComObject` reference. `ComObject` handles adjusting reference counts and associates the /// lifetime of a `&<foo>_Impl` with the lifetime of the related `ComObject`. /// /// The `#[implement]` macro generates the implementation of this `into_object` method. /// The generated `into_object` method encapsulates the construction of the `<foo>_Impl` /// object and immediately places it into the heap and returns a `ComObject` reference to it. /// This ensures that our requirement -- that safe Rust code never own a `<foo>_Impl` value /// directly -- is met. fn into_object(self) -> ComObject<Self>;
}
/// Describes the COM interfaces implemented by a specific COM object. /// /// The `#[implement]` macro generates implementations of this trait. Implementations are attached /// to the "outer" types generated by `#[implement]`, e.g. the `MyApp_Impl` type. Each /// implementation knows how to locate the interface-specific field within `MyApp_Impl`. /// /// This trait is an implementation detail of the Windows crates. /// User code should not deal directly with this trait. pubtrait ComObjectInterface<I: Interface> { /// Gets a borrowed interface that is implemented by `T`. fn as_interface_ref(&self) -> InterfaceRef<'_, I>;
}
/// A counted pointer to a type that implements COM interfaces, where the object has been /// placed in the heap (boxed). /// /// This type exists so that you can place an object into the heap and query for COM interfaces, /// without losing the safe reference to the implementation object. /// /// Because the pointer inside this type is known to be non-null, `Option<ComObject<T>>` should /// always have the same size as a single pointer. /// /// # Safety /// /// The contained `ptr` field is an owned, reference-counted pointer to a _pinned_ `Pin<Box<T::Outer>>`. /// Although this code does not currently use `Pin<T>`, it takes care not to expose any unsafe semantics /// to safe code. However, code that calls unsafe functions on [`ComObject`] must, like all unsafe code, /// understand and preserve invariants. #[repr(transparent)] pubstruct ComObject<T: ComObjectInner> {
ptr: NonNull<T::Outer>,
}
impl<T: ComObjectInner> ComObject<T> { /// Allocates a heap cell (box) and moves `value` into it. Returns a counted pointer to `value`. pubfn new(value: T) -> Self {
T::into_object(value)
}
/// Creates a new `ComObject` that points to an existing boxed instance. /// /// # Safety /// /// The caller must ensure that `ptr` points to a valid, heap-allocated instance of `T::Outer`. /// Normally, this pointer comes from using `Box::into_raw(Box::new(...))`. /// /// The pointed-to box must have a reference count that is greater than zero. /// /// This function takes ownership of the existing pointer; it does not call `AddRef`. /// The reference count must accurately reflect all outstanding references to the box, /// including `ptr` in the count. pubunsafefn from_raw(ptr: NonNull<T::Outer>) -> Self { Self { ptr }
}
/// Gets a reference to the shared object stored in the box. /// /// [`ComObject`] also implements [`Deref`], so you can often deref directly into the object. /// For those situations where using the [`Deref`] impl is inconvenient, you can use /// this method to explicitly get a reference to the contents. #[inline(always)] pubfn get(&self) -> &T { self.get_box().get_impl()
}
/// Gets a reference to the shared object's heap box. #[inline(always)] fn get_box(&self) -> &T::Outer { unsafe { self.ptr.as_ref() }
}
// Note that we _do not_ provide a way to get a mutable reference to the outer box. // It's ok to return `&mut T`, but not `&mut T::Outer`. That would allow someone to replace the // contents of the entire object (box and reference count), which could lead to UB. // This could maybe be solved by returning `Pin<&mut T::Outer>`, but that requires some // additional thinking.
/// Gets a mutable reference to the object stored in the box, if the reference count /// is exactly 1. If there are multiple references to this object then this returns `None`. #[inline(always)] pubfn get_mut(&mutself) -> Option<&mut T> { ifself.is_reference_count_one() { // SAFETY: We must only return &mut T, *NOT* &mut T::Outer. // Returning T::Outer would allow swapping the contents of the object, which would // allow (incorrectly) modifying the reference count. unsafe { Some(self.ptr.as_mut().get_impl_mut()) }
} else {
None
}
}
/// If this object has only a single object reference (i.e. this [`ComObject`] is the only /// reference to the heap allocation), then this method will extract the inner `T` /// (and return it in an `Ok`) and then free the heap allocation. /// /// If there is more than one reference to this object, then this returns `Err(self)`. #[inline(always)] pubfn take(self) -> Result<T, Self> { ifself.is_reference_count_one() { let outer_box: Box<T::Outer> = unsafe { core::mem::transmute(self) };
Ok(outer_box.into_inner())
} else {
Err(self)
}
}
/// Casts to a given interface type. /// /// This always performs a `QueryInterface`, even if `T` is known to implement `I`. /// If you know that `T` implements `I`, then use [`Self::as_interface`] or [`Self::to_interface`] because /// those functions do not require a dynamic `QueryInterface` call. #[inline(always)] pubfn cast<I: Interface>(&self) -> windows_core::Result<I> where
T::Outer: ComObjectInterface<IUnknown>,
{ let unknown = self.as_interface::<IUnknown>();
unknown.cast()
}
/// Gets a borrowed reference to an interface that is implemented by `T`. /// /// The returned reference does not have an additional reference count. /// You can AddRef it by calling [`InterfaceRef::to_owned`]. #[inline(always)] pubfn as_interface<I: Interface>(&self) -> InterfaceRef<'_, I> where
T::Outer: ComObjectInterface<I>,
{ self.get_box().as_interface_ref()
}
/// Gets an owned (counted) reference to an interface that is implemented by this [`ComObject`]. #[inline(always)] pubfn to_interface<I: Interface>(&self) -> I where
T::Outer: ComObjectInterface<I>,
{ self.as_interface::<I>().to_owned()
}
/// Converts `self` into an interface that it implements. /// /// This does not need to adjust reference counts because `self` is consumed. #[inline(always)] pubfn into_interface<I: Interface>(self) -> I where
T::Outer: ComObjectInterface<I>,
{ unsafe { let raw = self.get_box().as_interface_ref().as_raw();
core::mem::forget(self);
I::from_raw(raw)
}
}
/// This casts the given COM interface to [`&dyn Any`]. It returns a reference to the "outer" /// object, e.g. `MyApp_Impl`, not the inner `MyApp` object. /// /// `T` must be a type that has been annotated with `#[implement]`; this is checked at /// compile-time by the generic constraints of this method. However, note that the /// returned `&dyn Any` refers to the _outer_ implementation object that was generated by /// `#[implement]`, i.e. the `MyApp_Impl` type, not the inner `MyApp` type. /// /// If the given object is not a Rust object, or is a Rust object but not `T`, or is a Rust /// object that contains non-static lifetimes, then this function will return `Err(E_NOINTERFACE)`. /// /// The returned value is an owned (counted) reference; this function calls `AddRef` on the /// underlying COM object. If you do not need an owned reference, then you can use the /// [`Interface::cast_object_ref`] method instead, and avoid the cost of `AddRef` / `Release`. pubfn cast_from<I>(interface: &I) -> crate::Result<Self> where
I: Interface,
T::Outer: Any + 'static + IUnknownImpl<Impl = T>,
{
interface.cast_object()
}
}
// There is no DerefMut implementation because we cannot statically guarantee // that the reference count is 1, which is a requirement for getting exclusive // access to the contents of the object. Use get_mut() for dynamically-checked // exclusive access.
// If T is Send (or Sync) then the ComObject<T> is also Send (or Sync). // Since the actual object storage is in the heap, the object is never moved. unsafeimpl<T: ComObjectInner + Send> Send for ComObject<T> {} unsafeimpl<T: ComObjectInner + Sync> Sync for ComObject<T> {}
impl<T: ComObjectInner + PartialEq> PartialEq for ComObject<T> { fn eq(&self, other: &ComObject<T>) -> bool { let inner_self: &T = self.get(); let other_self: &T = other.get();
inner_self == other_self
}
}
impl<T: ComObjectInner + Eq> Eq for ComObject<T> {}
impl<T: ComObjectInner + PartialOrd> PartialOrd for ComObject<T> { fn partial_cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> Option<core::cmp::Ordering> { let inner_self: &T = self.get(); let other_self: &T = other.get();
<T as PartialOrd>::partial_cmp(inner_self, other_self)
}
}
impl<T: ComObjectInner + Ord> Ord for ComObject<T> { fn cmp(&self, other: &Self) -> core::cmp::Ordering { let inner_self: &T = self.get(); let other_self: &T = other.get();
<T as Ord>::cmp(inner_self, other_self)
}
}
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