//! Generic devices that are part of the kernel's driver model. //! //! C header: [`include/linux/device.h`](srctree/include/linux/device.h)
usecrate::{
bindings,
types::{ARef, ForeignOwnable, Opaque},
}; use core::{fmt, marker::PhantomData, ptr};
#[cfg(CONFIG_PRINTK)] usecrate::c_str;
pubmod property;
/// The core representation of a device in the kernel's driver model. /// /// This structure represents the Rust abstraction for a C `struct device`. A [`Device`] can either /// exist as temporary reference (see also [`Device::from_raw`]), which is only valid within a /// certain scope or as [`ARef<Device>`], owning a dedicated reference count. /// /// # Device Types /// /// A [`Device`] can represent either a bus device or a class device. /// /// ## Bus Devices /// /// A bus device is a [`Device`] that is associated with a physical or virtual bus. Examples of /// buses include PCI, USB, I2C, and SPI. Devices attached to a bus are registered with a specific /// bus type, which facilitates matching devices with appropriate drivers based on IDs or other /// identifying information. Bus devices are visible in sysfs under `/sys/bus/<bus-name>/devices/`. /// /// ## Class Devices /// /// A class device is a [`Device`] that is associated with a logical category of functionality /// rather than a physical bus. Examples of classes include block devices, network interfaces, sound /// cards, and input devices. Class devices are grouped under a common class and exposed to /// userspace via entries in `/sys/class/<class-name>/`. /// /// # Device Context /// /// [`Device`] references are generic over a [`DeviceContext`], which represents the type state of /// a [`Device`]. /// /// As the name indicates, this type state represents the context of the scope the [`Device`] /// reference is valid in. For instance, the [`Bound`] context guarantees that the [`Device`] is /// bound to a driver for the entire duration of the existence of a [`Device<Bound>`] reference. /// /// Other [`DeviceContext`] types besides [`Bound`] are [`Normal`], [`Core`] and [`CoreInternal`]. /// /// Unless selected otherwise [`Device`] defaults to the [`Normal`] [`DeviceContext`], which by /// itself has no additional requirements. /// /// It is always up to the caller of [`Device::from_raw`] to select the correct [`DeviceContext`] /// type for the corresponding scope the [`Device`] reference is created in. /// /// All [`DeviceContext`] types other than [`Normal`] are intended to be used with /// [bus devices](#bus-devices) only. /// /// # Implementing Bus Devices /// /// This section provides a guideline to implement bus specific devices, such as [`pci::Device`] or /// [`platform::Device`]. /// /// A bus specific device should be defined as follows. /// /// ```ignore /// #[repr(transparent)] /// pub struct Device<Ctx: device::DeviceContext = device::Normal>( /// Opaque<bindings::bus_device_type>, /// PhantomData<Ctx>, /// ); /// ``` /// /// Since devices are reference counted, [`AlwaysRefCounted`] should be implemented for `Device` /// (i.e. `Device<Normal>`). Note that [`AlwaysRefCounted`] must not be implemented for any other /// [`DeviceContext`], since all other device context types are only valid within a certain scope. /// /// In order to be able to implement the [`DeviceContext`] dereference hierarchy, bus device /// implementations should call the [`impl_device_context_deref`] macro as shown below. /// /// ```ignore /// // SAFETY: `Device` is a transparent wrapper of a type that doesn't depend on `Device`'s /// // generic argument. /// kernel::impl_device_context_deref!(unsafe { Device }); /// ``` /// /// In order to convert from a any [`Device<Ctx>`] to [`ARef<Device>`], bus devices can implement /// the following macro call. /// /// ```ignore /// kernel::impl_device_context_into_aref!(Device); /// ``` /// /// Bus devices should also implement the following [`AsRef`] implementation, such that users can /// easily derive a generic [`Device`] reference. /// /// ```ignore /// impl<Ctx: device::DeviceContext> AsRef<device::Device<Ctx>> for Device<Ctx> { /// fn as_ref(&self) -> &device::Device<Ctx> { /// ... /// } /// } /// ``` /// /// # Implementing Class Devices /// /// Class device implementations require less infrastructure and depend slightly more on the /// specific subsystem. /// /// An example implementation for a class device could look like this. /// /// ```ignore /// #[repr(C)] /// pub struct Device<T: class::Driver> { /// dev: Opaque<bindings::class_device_type>, /// data: T::Data, /// } /// ``` /// /// This class device uses the sub-classing pattern to embed the driver's private data within the /// allocation of the class device. For this to be possible the class device is generic over the /// class specific `Driver` trait implementation. /// /// Just like any device, class devices are reference counted and should hence implement /// [`AlwaysRefCounted`] for `Device`. /// /// Class devices should also implement the following [`AsRef`] implementation, such that users can /// easily derive a generic [`Device`] reference. /// /// ```ignore /// impl<T: class::Driver> AsRef<device::Device> for Device<T> { /// fn as_ref(&self) -> &device::Device { /// ... /// } /// } /// ``` /// /// An example for a class device implementation is #[cfg_attr(CONFIG_DRM = "y", doc = "[`drm::Device`](kernel::drm::Device).")] #[cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_DRM = "y"), doc = "`drm::Device`.")] /// /// # Invariants /// /// A `Device` instance represents a valid `struct device` created by the C portion of the kernel. /// /// Instances of this type are always reference-counted, that is, a call to `get_device` ensures /// that the allocation remains valid at least until the matching call to `put_device`. /// /// `bindings::device::release` is valid to be called from any thread, hence `ARef<Device>` can be /// dropped from any thread. /// /// [`AlwaysRefCounted`]: kernel::types::AlwaysRefCounted /// [`impl_device_context_deref`]: kernel::impl_device_context_deref /// [`pci::Device`]: kernel::pci::Device /// [`platform::Device`]: kernel::platform::Device #[repr(transparent)] pubstruct Device<Ctx: DeviceContext = Normal>(Opaque<bindings::device>, PhantomData<Ctx>);
impl Device { /// Creates a new reference-counted abstraction instance of an existing `struct device` pointer. /// /// # Safety /// /// Callers must ensure that `ptr` is valid, non-null, and has a non-zero reference count, /// i.e. it must be ensured that the reference count of the C `struct device` `ptr` points to /// can't drop to zero, for the duration of this function call. /// /// It must also be ensured that `bindings::device::release` can be called from any thread. /// While not officially documented, this should be the case for any `struct device`. pubunsafefn get_device(ptr: *mut bindings::device) -> ARef<Self> { // SAFETY: By the safety requirements ptr is valid unsafe { Self::from_raw(ptr) }.into()
}
/// Convert a [`&Device`](Device) into a [`&Device<Bound>`](Device<Bound>). /// /// # Safety /// /// The caller is responsible to ensure that the returned [`&Device<Bound>`](Device<Bound>) /// only lives as long as it can be guaranteed that the [`Device`] is actually bound. pubunsafefn as_bound(&self) -> &Device<Bound> { let ptr = core::ptr::from_ref(self);
// CAST: By the safety requirements the caller is responsible to guarantee that the // returned reference only lives as long as the device is actually bound. let ptr = ptr.cast();
// SAFETY: // - `ptr` comes from `from_ref(self)` above, hence it's guaranteed to be valid. // - Any valid `Device` pointer is also a valid pointer for `Device<Bound>`. unsafe { &*ptr }
}
}
impl Device<CoreInternal> { /// Store a pointer to the bound driver's private data. pubfn set_drvdata(&self, data: impl ForeignOwnable) { // SAFETY: By the type invariants, `self.as_raw()` is a valid pointer to a `struct device`. unsafe { bindings::dev_set_drvdata(self.as_raw(), data.into_foreign().cast()) }
}
/// Take ownership of the private data stored in this [`Device`]. /// /// # Safety /// /// - Must only be called once after a preceding call to [`Device::set_drvdata`]. /// - The type `T` must match the type of the `ForeignOwnable` previously stored by /// [`Device::set_drvdata`]. pubunsafefn drvdata_obtain<T: ForeignOwnable>(&self) -> T { // SAFETY: By the type invariants, `self.as_raw()` is a valid pointer to a `struct device`. let ptr = unsafe { bindings::dev_get_drvdata(self.as_raw()) };
// SAFETY: // - By the safety requirements of this function, `ptr` comes from a previous call to // `into_foreign()`. // - `dev_get_drvdata()` guarantees to return the same pointer given to `dev_set_drvdata()` // in `into_foreign()`. unsafe { T::from_foreign(ptr.cast()) }
}
/// Borrow the driver's private data bound to this [`Device`]. /// /// # Safety /// /// - Must only be called after a preceding call to [`Device::set_drvdata`] and before /// [`Device::drvdata_obtain`]. /// - The type `T` must match the type of the `ForeignOwnable` previously stored by /// [`Device::set_drvdata`]. pubunsafefn drvdata_borrow<T: ForeignOwnable>(&self) -> T::Borrowed<'_> { // SAFETY: By the type invariants, `self.as_raw()` is a valid pointer to a `struct device`. let ptr = unsafe { bindings::dev_get_drvdata(self.as_raw()) };
// SAFETY: // - By the safety requirements of this function, `ptr` comes from a previous call to // `into_foreign()`. // - `dev_get_drvdata()` guarantees to return the same pointer given to `dev_set_drvdata()` // in `into_foreign()`. unsafe { T::borrow(ptr.cast()) }
}
}
impl<Ctx: DeviceContext> Device<Ctx> { /// Obtain the raw `struct device *`. pub(crate) fn as_raw(&self) -> *mut bindings::device { self.0.get()
}
/// Returns a reference to the parent device, if any. #[cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_AUXILIARY_BUS), expect(dead_code))] pub(crate) fn parent(&self) -> Option<&Device> { // SAFETY: // - By the type invariant `self.as_raw()` is always valid. // - The parent device is only ever set at device creation. let parent = unsafe { (*self.as_raw()).parent };
if parent.is_null() {
None
} else { // SAFETY: // - Since `parent` is not NULL, it must be a valid pointer to a `struct device`. // - `parent` is valid for the lifetime of `self`, since a `struct device` holds a // reference count of its parent.
Some(unsafe { Device::from_raw(parent) })
}
}
/// Convert a raw C `struct device` pointer to a `&'a Device`. /// /// # Safety /// /// Callers must ensure that `ptr` is valid, non-null, and has a non-zero reference count, /// i.e. it must be ensured that the reference count of the C `struct device` `ptr` points to /// can't drop to zero, for the duration of this function call and the entire duration when the /// returned reference exists. pubunsafefn from_raw<'a>(ptr: *mut bindings::device) -> &'a Self { // SAFETY: Guaranteed by the safety requirements of the function. unsafe { &*ptr.cast() }
}
/// Prints an emergency-level message (level 0) prefixed with device information. /// /// More details are available from [`dev_emerg`]. /// /// [`dev_emerg`]: crate::dev_emerg pubfn pr_emerg(&self, args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated, uses one of the kernel constants. unsafe { self.printk(bindings::KERN_EMERG, args) };
}
/// Prints an alert-level message (level 1) prefixed with device information. /// /// More details are available from [`dev_alert`]. /// /// [`dev_alert`]: crate::dev_alert pubfn pr_alert(&self, args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated, uses one of the kernel constants. unsafe { self.printk(bindings::KERN_ALERT, args) };
}
/// Prints a critical-level message (level 2) prefixed with device information. /// /// More details are available from [`dev_crit`]. /// /// [`dev_crit`]: crate::dev_crit pubfn pr_crit(&self, args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated, uses one of the kernel constants. unsafe { self.printk(bindings::KERN_CRIT, args) };
}
/// Prints an error-level message (level 3) prefixed with device information. /// /// More details are available from [`dev_err`]. /// /// [`dev_err`]: crate::dev_err pubfn pr_err(&self, args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated, uses one of the kernel constants. unsafe { self.printk(bindings::KERN_ERR, args) };
}
/// Prints a warning-level message (level 4) prefixed with device information. /// /// More details are available from [`dev_warn`]. /// /// [`dev_warn`]: crate::dev_warn pubfn pr_warn(&self, args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated, uses one of the kernel constants. unsafe { self.printk(bindings::KERN_WARNING, args) };
}
/// Prints a notice-level message (level 5) prefixed with device information. /// /// More details are available from [`dev_notice`]. /// /// [`dev_notice`]: crate::dev_notice pubfn pr_notice(&self, args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated, uses one of the kernel constants. unsafe { self.printk(bindings::KERN_NOTICE, args) };
}
/// Prints an info-level message (level 6) prefixed with device information. /// /// More details are available from [`dev_info`]. /// /// [`dev_info`]: crate::dev_info pubfn pr_info(&self, args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated, uses one of the kernel constants. unsafe { self.printk(bindings::KERN_INFO, args) };
}
/// Prints a debug-level message (level 7) prefixed with device information. /// /// More details are available from [`dev_dbg`]. /// /// [`dev_dbg`]: crate::dev_dbg pubfn pr_dbg(&self, args: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { if cfg!(debug_assertions) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated, uses one of the kernel constants. unsafe { self.printk(bindings::KERN_DEBUG, args) };
}
}
/// Prints the provided message to the console. /// /// # Safety /// /// Callers must ensure that `klevel` is null-terminated; in particular, one of the /// `KERN_*`constants, for example, `KERN_CRIT`, `KERN_ALERT`, etc. #[cfg_attr(not(CONFIG_PRINTK), allow(unused_variables))] unsafefn printk(&self, klevel: &[u8], msg: fmt::Arguments<'_>) { // SAFETY: `klevel` is null-terminated and one of the kernel constants. `self.as_raw` // is valid because `self` is valid. The "%pA" format string expects a pointer to // `fmt::Arguments`, which is what we're passing as the last argument. #[cfg(CONFIG_PRINTK)] unsafe {
bindings::_dev_printk(
klevel.as_ptr().cast::<crate::ffi::c_char>(), self.as_raw(),
c_str!("%pA").as_char_ptr(),
core::ptr::from_ref(&msg).cast::<crate::ffi::c_void>(),
)
};
}
/// Obtain the [`FwNode`](property::FwNode) corresponding to this [`Device`]. pubfn fwnode(&self) -> Option<&property::FwNode> { // SAFETY: `self` is valid. let fwnode_handle = unsafe { bindings::__dev_fwnode(self.as_raw()) }; if fwnode_handle.is_null() { return None;
} // SAFETY: `fwnode_handle` is valid. Its lifetime is tied to `&self`. We // return a reference instead of an `ARef<FwNode>` because `dev_fwnode()` // doesn't increment the refcount. It is safe to cast from a // `struct fwnode_handle*` to a `*const FwNode` because `FwNode` is // defined as a `#[repr(transparent)]` wrapper around `fwnode_handle`.
Some(unsafe { &*fwnode_handle.cast() })
}
}
// SAFETY: `Device` is a transparent wrapper of a type that doesn't depend on `Device`'s generic // argument.
kernel::impl_device_context_deref!(unsafe { Device });
kernel::impl_device_context_into_aref!(Device);
// SAFETY: Instances of `Device` are always reference-counted. unsafeimplcrate::types::AlwaysRefCounted for Device { fn inc_ref(&self) { // SAFETY: The existence of a shared reference guarantees that the refcount is non-zero. unsafe { bindings::get_device(self.as_raw()) };
}
unsafefn dec_ref(obj: ptr::NonNull<Self>) { // SAFETY: The safety requirements guarantee that the refcount is non-zero. unsafe { bindings::put_device(obj.cast().as_ptr()) }
}
}
// SAFETY: As by the type invariant `Device` can be sent to any thread. unsafeimpl Send for Device {}
// SAFETY: `Device` can be shared among threads because all immutable methods are protected by the // synchronization in `struct device`. unsafeimpl Sync for Device {}
/// Marker trait for the context or scope of a bus specific device. /// /// [`DeviceContext`] is a marker trait for types representing the context of a bus specific /// [`Device`]. /// /// The specific device context types are: [`CoreInternal`], [`Core`], [`Bound`] and [`Normal`]. /// /// [`DeviceContext`] types are hierarchical, which means that there is a strict hierarchy that /// defines which [`DeviceContext`] type can be derived from another. For instance, any /// [`Device<Core>`] can dereference to a [`Device<Bound>`]. /// /// The following enumeration illustrates the dereference hierarchy of [`DeviceContext`] types. /// /// - [`CoreInternal`] => [`Core`] => [`Bound`] => [`Normal`] /// /// Bus devices can automatically implement the dereference hierarchy by using /// [`impl_device_context_deref`]. /// /// Note that the guarantee for a [`Device`] reference to have a certain [`DeviceContext`] comes /// from the specific scope the [`Device`] reference is valid in. /// /// [`impl_device_context_deref`]: kernel::impl_device_context_deref pubtrait DeviceContext: private::Sealed {}
/// The [`Normal`] context is the default [`DeviceContext`] of any [`Device`]. /// /// The normal context does not indicate any specific context. Any `Device<Ctx>` is also a valid /// [`Device<Normal>`]. It is the only [`DeviceContext`] for which it is valid to implement /// [`AlwaysRefCounted`] for. /// /// [`AlwaysRefCounted`]: kernel::types::AlwaysRefCounted pubstruct Normal;
/// The [`Core`] context is the context of a bus specific device when it appears as argument of /// any bus specific callback, such as `probe()`. /// /// The core context indicates that the [`Device<Core>`] reference's scope is limited to the bus /// callback it appears in. It is intended to be used for synchronization purposes. Bus device /// implementations can implement methods for [`Device<Core>`], such that they can only be called /// from bus callbacks. pubstruct Core;
/// Semantically the same as [`Core`], but reserved for internal usage of the corresponding bus /// abstraction. /// /// The internal core context is intended to be used in exactly the same way as the [`Core`] /// context, with the difference that this [`DeviceContext`] is internal to the corresponding bus /// abstraction. /// /// This context mainly exists to share generic [`Device`] infrastructure that should only be called /// from bus callbacks with bus abstractions, but without making them accessible for drivers. pubstruct CoreInternal;
/// The [`Bound`] context is the [`DeviceContext`] of a bus specific device when it is guaranteed to /// be bound to a driver. /// /// The bound context indicates that for the entire duration of the lifetime of a [`Device<Bound>`] /// reference, the [`Device`] is guaranteed to be bound to a driver. /// /// Some APIs, such as [`dma::CoherentAllocation`] or [`Devres`] rely on the [`Device`] to be bound, /// which can be proven with the [`Bound`] device context. /// /// Any abstraction that can guarantee a scope where the corresponding bus device is bound, should /// provide a [`Device<Bound>`] reference to its users for this scope. This allows users to benefit /// from optimizations for accessing device resources, see also [`Devres::access`]. /// /// [`Devres`]: kernel::devres::Devres /// [`Devres::access`]: kernel::devres::Devres::access /// [`dma::CoherentAllocation`]: kernel::dma::CoherentAllocation pubstruct Bound;
impl DeviceContext for Bound {} impl DeviceContext for Core {} impl DeviceContext for CoreInternal {} impl DeviceContext for Normal {}
/// # Safety /// /// The type given as `$device` must be a transparent wrapper of a type that doesn't depend on the /// generic argument of `$device`. #[doc(hidden)] #[macro_export]
macro_rules! __impl_device_context_deref {
(unsafe { $device:ident, $src:ty => $dst:ty }) => { impl ::core::ops::Deref for $device<$src> { type Target = $device<$dst>;
fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target { let ptr: *constSelf = self;
// CAST: `$device<$src>` and `$device<$dst>` transparently wrap the same type by the // safety requirement of the macro. let ptr = ptr.cast::<Self::Target>();
// SAFETY: `ptr` was derived from `&self`. unsafe { &*ptr }
}
}
};
}
/// Implement [`core::ops::Deref`] traits for allowed [`DeviceContext`] conversions of a (bus /// specific) device. /// /// # Safety /// /// The type given as `$device` must be a transparent wrapper of a type that doesn't depend on the /// generic argument of `$device`. #[macro_export]
macro_rules! impl_device_context_deref {
(unsafe { $device:ident }) => { // SAFETY: This macro has the exact same safety requirement as // `__impl_device_context_deref!`.
::kernel::__impl_device_context_deref!(unsafe {
$device,
$crate::device::CoreInternal => $crate::device::Core
});
// SAFETY: This macro has the exact same safety requirement as // `__impl_device_context_deref!`.
::kernel::__impl_device_context_deref!(unsafe {
$device,
$crate::device::Core => $crate::device::Bound
});
// SAFETY: This macro has the exact same safety requirement as // `__impl_device_context_deref!`.
::kernel::__impl_device_context_deref!(unsafe {
$device,
$crate::device::Bound => $crate::device::Normal
});
};
}
/// Implement [`core::convert::From`], such that all `&Device<Ctx>` can be converted to an /// `ARef<Device>`. #[macro_export]
macro_rules! impl_device_context_into_aref {
($device:tt) => {
::kernel::__impl_device_context_into_aref!($crate::device::CoreInternal, $device);
::kernel::__impl_device_context_into_aref!($crate::device::Core, $device);
::kernel::__impl_device_context_into_aref!($crate::device::Bound, $device);
};
}
/// Prints an emergency-level message (level 0) prefixed with device information. /// /// This level should be used if the system is unusable. /// /// Equivalent to the kernel's `dev_emerg` macro. /// /// Mimics the interface of [`std::print!`]. More information about the syntax is available from /// [`core::fmt`] and [`std::format!`]. /// /// [`std::print!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.print.html /// [`std::format!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.format.html /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::device::Device; /// /// fn example(dev: &Device) { /// dev_emerg!(dev, "hello {}\n", "there"); /// } /// ``` #[macro_export]
macro_rules! dev_emerg {
($($f:tt)*) => { $crate::dev_printk!(pr_emerg, $($f)*); }
}
/// Prints an alert-level message (level 1) prefixed with device information. /// /// This level should be used if action must be taken immediately. /// /// Equivalent to the kernel's `dev_alert` macro. /// /// Mimics the interface of [`std::print!`]. More information about the syntax is available from /// [`core::fmt`] and [`std::format!`]. /// /// [`std::print!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.print.html /// [`std::format!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.format.html /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::device::Device; /// /// fn example(dev: &Device) { /// dev_alert!(dev, "hello {}\n", "there"); /// } /// ``` #[macro_export]
macro_rules! dev_alert {
($($f:tt)*) => { $crate::dev_printk!(pr_alert, $($f)*); }
}
/// Prints a critical-level message (level 2) prefixed with device information. /// /// This level should be used in critical conditions. /// /// Equivalent to the kernel's `dev_crit` macro. /// /// Mimics the interface of [`std::print!`]. More information about the syntax is available from /// [`core::fmt`] and [`std::format!`]. /// /// [`std::print!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.print.html /// [`std::format!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.format.html /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::device::Device; /// /// fn example(dev: &Device) { /// dev_crit!(dev, "hello {}\n", "there"); /// } /// ``` #[macro_export]
macro_rules! dev_crit {
($($f:tt)*) => { $crate::dev_printk!(pr_crit, $($f)*); }
}
/// Prints an error-level message (level 3) prefixed with device information. /// /// This level should be used in error conditions. /// /// Equivalent to the kernel's `dev_err` macro. /// /// Mimics the interface of [`std::print!`]. More information about the syntax is available from /// [`core::fmt`] and [`std::format!`]. /// /// [`std::print!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.print.html /// [`std::format!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.format.html /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::device::Device; /// /// fn example(dev: &Device) { /// dev_err!(dev, "hello {}\n", "there"); /// } /// ``` #[macro_export]
macro_rules! dev_err {
($($f:tt)*) => { $crate::dev_printk!(pr_err, $($f)*); }
}
/// Prints a warning-level message (level 4) prefixed with device information. /// /// This level should be used in warning conditions. /// /// Equivalent to the kernel's `dev_warn` macro. /// /// Mimics the interface of [`std::print!`]. More information about the syntax is available from /// [`core::fmt`] and [`std::format!`]. /// /// [`std::print!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.print.html /// [`std::format!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.format.html /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::device::Device; /// /// fn example(dev: &Device) { /// dev_warn!(dev, "hello {}\n", "there"); /// } /// ``` #[macro_export]
macro_rules! dev_warn {
($($f:tt)*) => { $crate::dev_printk!(pr_warn, $($f)*); }
}
/// Prints a notice-level message (level 5) prefixed with device information. /// /// This level should be used in normal but significant conditions. /// /// Equivalent to the kernel's `dev_notice` macro. /// /// Mimics the interface of [`std::print!`]. More information about the syntax is available from /// [`core::fmt`] and [`std::format!`]. /// /// [`std::print!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.print.html /// [`std::format!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.format.html /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::device::Device; /// /// fn example(dev: &Device) { /// dev_notice!(dev, "hello {}\n", "there"); /// } /// ``` #[macro_export]
macro_rules! dev_notice {
($($f:tt)*) => { $crate::dev_printk!(pr_notice, $($f)*); }
}
/// Prints an info-level message (level 6) prefixed with device information. /// /// This level should be used for informational messages. /// /// Equivalent to the kernel's `dev_info` macro. /// /// Mimics the interface of [`std::print!`]. More information about the syntax is available from /// [`core::fmt`] and [`std::format!`]. /// /// [`std::print!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.print.html /// [`std::format!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.format.html /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::device::Device; /// /// fn example(dev: &Device) { /// dev_info!(dev, "hello {}\n", "there"); /// } /// ``` #[macro_export]
macro_rules! dev_info {
($($f:tt)*) => { $crate::dev_printk!(pr_info, $($f)*); }
}
/// Prints a debug-level message (level 7) prefixed with device information. /// /// This level should be used for debug messages. /// /// Equivalent to the kernel's `dev_dbg` macro, except that it doesn't support dynamic debug yet. /// /// Mimics the interface of [`std::print!`]. More information about the syntax is available from /// [`core::fmt`] and [`std::format!`]. /// /// [`std::print!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.print.html /// [`std::format!`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/std/macro.format.html /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # use kernel::device::Device; /// /// fn example(dev: &Device) { /// dev_dbg!(dev, "hello {}\n", "there"); /// } /// ``` #[macro_export]
macro_rules! dev_dbg {
($($f:tt)*) => { $crate::dev_printk!(pr_dbg, $($f)*); }
}
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