//! Macro to define register layout and accessors. //! //! A single register typically includes several fields, which are accessed through a combination //! of bit-shift and mask operations that introduce a class of potential mistakes, notably because //! not all possible field values are necessarily valid. //! //! The macro in this module allow to define, using an intruitive and readable syntax, a dedicated //! type for each register with its own field accessors that can return an error is a field's value //! is invalid.
/// Defines a dedicated type for a register with an absolute offset, alongside with getter and /// setter methods for its fields and methods to read and write it from an `Io` region. /// /// Example: /// /// ```no_run /// register!(BOOT_0 @ 0x00000100, "Basic revision information about the GPU" { /// 3:0 minor_revision as u8, "Minor revision of the chip"; /// 7:4 major_revision as u8, "Major revision of the chip"; /// 28:20 chipset as u32 ?=> Chipset, "Chipset model"; /// }); /// ``` /// /// This defines a `BOOT_0` type which can be read or written from offset `0x100` of an `Io` /// region. It is composed of 3 fields, for instance `minor_revision` is made of the 4 less /// significant bits of the register. Each field can be accessed and modified using accessor /// methods: /// /// ```no_run /// // Read from the register's defined offset (0x100). /// let boot0 = BOOT_0::read(&bar); /// pr_info!("chip revision: {}.{}", boot0.major_revision(), boot0.minor_revision()); /// /// // `Chipset::try_from` will be called with the value of the field and returns an error if the /// // value is invalid. /// let chipset = boot0.chipset()?; /// /// // Update some fields and write the value back. /// boot0.set_major_revision(3).set_minor_revision(10).write(&bar); /// /// // Or just read and update the register in a single step: /// BOOT_0::alter(&bar, |r| r.set_major_revision(3).set_minor_revision(10)); /// ``` /// /// Fields can be defined as follows: /// /// - `as <type>` simply returns the field value casted as the requested integer type, typically /// `u32`, `u16`, `u8` or `bool`. Note that `bool` fields must have a range of 1 bit. /// - `as <type> => <into_type>` calls `<into_type>`'s `From::<<type>>` implementation and returns /// the result. /// - `as <type> ?=> <try_into_type>` calls `<try_into_type>`'s `TryFrom::<<type>>` implementation /// and returns the result. This is useful on fields for which not all values are value. /// /// The documentation strings are optional. If present, they will be added to the type's /// definition, or the field getter and setter methods they are attached to. /// /// Putting a `+` before the address of the register makes it relative to a base: the `read` and /// `write` methods take a `base` argument that is added to the specified address before access, /// and `try_read` and `try_write` methods are also created, allowing access with offsets unknown /// at compile-time: /// /// ```no_run /// register!(CPU_CTL @ +0x0000010, "CPU core control" { /// 0:0 start as bool, "Start the CPU core"; /// }); /// /// // Flip the `start` switch for the CPU core which base address is at `CPU_BASE`. /// let cpuctl = CPU_CTL::read(&bar, CPU_BASE); /// pr_info!("CPU CTL: {:#x}", cpuctl); /// cpuctl.set_start(true).write(&bar, CPU_BASE); /// ``` /// /// It is also possible to create a alias register by using the `=> ALIAS` syntax. This is useful /// for cases where a register's interpretation depends on the context: /// /// ```no_run /// register!(SCRATCH_0 @ 0x0000100, "Scratch register 0" { /// 31:0 value as u32, "Raw value"; /// /// register!(SCRATCH_0_BOOT_STATUS => SCRATCH_0, "Boot status of the firmware" { /// 0:0 completed as bool, "Whether the firmware has completed booting"; /// ``` /// /// In this example, `SCRATCH_0_BOOT_STATUS` uses the same I/O address as `SCRATCH_0`, while also /// providing its own `completed` method.
macro_rules! register { // Creates a register at a fixed offset of the MMIO space.
(
$name:ident @ $offset:literal $(, $comment:literal)? {
$($fields:tt)*
}
) => {
register!(@common $name @ $offset $(, $comment)?);
register!(@field_accessors $name { $($fields)* });
register!(@io $name @ $offset);
};
// Creates a alias register of fixed offset register `alias` with its own fields.
(
$name:ident => $alias:ident $(, $comment:literal)? {
$($fields:tt)*
}
) => {
register!(@common $name @ $alias::OFFSET $(, $comment)?);
register!(@field_accessors $name { $($fields)* });
register!(@io $name @ $alias::OFFSET);
};
// Creates a register at a relative offset from a base address.
(
$name:ident @ + $offset:literal $(, $comment:literal)? {
$($fields:tt)*
}
) => {
register!(@common $name @ $offset $(, $comment)?);
register!(@field_accessors $name { $($fields)* });
register!(@io$name @ + $offset);
};
// Creates a alias register of relative offset register `alias` with its own fields.
(
$name:ident => + $alias:ident $(, $comment:literal)? {
$($fields:tt)*
}
) => {
register!(@common $name @ $alias::OFFSET $(, $comment)?);
register!(@field_accessors $name { $($fields)* });
register!(@io $name @ + $alias::OFFSET);
};
// All rules below are helpers.
// Defines the wrapper `$name` type, as well as its relevant implementations (`Debug`, `BitOr`, // and conversion to regular `u32`).
(@common $name:ident @ $offset:expr $(, $comment:literal)?) => {
$( #[doc=$comment]
)? #[repr(transparent)] #[derive(Clone, Copy, Default)] pub(crate) struct $name(u32);
// TODO[REGA]: display the raw hex value, then the value of all the fields. This requires // matching the fields, which will complexify the syntax considerably... impl ::core::fmt::Debug for $name { fn fmt(&self, f: &mut ::core::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> ::core::fmt::Result {
f.debug_tuple(stringify!($name))
.field(&format_args!("0x{0:x}", &self.0))
.finish()
}
}
impl ::core::ops::BitOr for $name { type Output = Self;
// Boolean fields must have `$hi == $lo`.
(@check_field_bounds $hi:tt:$lo:tt $field:ident as bool) => { #[allow(clippy::eq_op)] const _: () = {
::kernel::build_assert!(
$hi == $lo,
concat!("boolean field `", stringify!($field), "` covers more than one bit")
);
};
};
// Non-boolean fields must have `$hi >= $lo`.
(@check_field_bounds $hi:tt:$lo:tt $field:ident as $type:tt) => { #[allow(clippy::eq_op)] const _: () = {
::kernel::build_assert!(
$hi >= $lo,
concat!("field `", stringify!($field), "`'s MSB is smaller than its LSB")
);
};
};
// Catches fields defined as `bool` and convert them into a boolean value.
(
@field_accessor $name:ident $hi:tt:$lo:tt $field:ident as bool => $into_type:ty
$(, $comment:literal)?;
) => {
register!(
@leaf_accessor $name $hi:$lo $field as bool
{ |f| <$into_type>::from(if f != 0 { true } else { false }) }
$into_type => $into_type $(, $comment)?;
);
};
// Shortcut for fields defined as `bool` without the `=>` syntax.
(
@field_accessor $name:ident $hi:tt:$lo:tt $field:ident as bool $(, $comment:literal)?;
) => {
register!(@field_accessor $name $hi:$lo $field as bool => bool $(, $comment)?;);
};
// Catches the `?=>` syntax for non-boolean fields.
(
@field_accessor $name:ident $hi:tt:$lo:tt $field:ident as $type:tt ?=> $try_into_type:ty
$(, $comment:literal)?;
) => {
register!(@leaf_accessor $name $hi:$lo $field as $type
{ |f| <$try_into_type>::try_from(f as $type) } $try_into_type =>
::core::result::Result<
$try_into_type,
<$try_into_type as ::core::convert::TryFrom<$type>>::Error
>
$(, $comment)?;);
};
// Catches the `=>` syntax for non-boolean fields.
(
@field_accessor $name:ident $hi:tt:$lo:tt $field:ident as $type:tt => $into_type:ty
$(, $comment:literal)?;
) => {
register!(@leaf_accessor $name $hi:$lo $field as $type
{ |f| <$into_type>::from(f as $type) } $into_type => $into_type $(, $comment)?;);
};
// Shortcut for fields defined as non-`bool` without the `=>` or `?=>` syntax.
(
@field_accessor $name:ident $hi:tt:$lo:tt $field:ident as $type:tt
$(, $comment:literal)?;
) => {
register!(@field_accessor $name $hi:$lo $field as $type => $type $(, $comment)?;);
};
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