// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
/*
* SMsC 37 B787 Watchdog Timer driver for Linux 2 . 6 . x . x
*
* Based on acquirewdt . c by Alan Cox < alan @ lxorguk . ukuu . org . uk >
* and some other existing drivers
*
* The authors do NOT admit liability nor provide warranty for
* any of this software . This material is provided " AS - IS " in
* the hope that it may be useful for others .
*
* ( C ) Copyright 2003 - 2006 Sven Anders < anders @ anduras . de >
*
* History :
* 2003 - Created version 1 . 0 for Linux 2 . 4 . x .
* 2006 - Ported to Linux 2 . 6 , added nowayout and MAGICCLOSE
* features . Released version 1 . 1
*
* Theory of operation :
*
* A Watchdog Timer ( WDT ) is a hardware circuit that can
* reset the computer system in case of a software fault .
* You probably knew that already .
*
* Usually a userspace daemon will notify the kernel WDT driver
* via the / dev / watchdog special device file that userspace is
* still alive , at regular intervals . When such a notification
* occurs , the driver will usually tell the hardware watchdog
* that everything is in order , and that the watchdog should wait
* for yet another little while to reset the system .
* If userspace fails ( RAM error , kernel bug , whatever ) , the
* notifications cease to occur , and the hardware watchdog will
* reset the system ( causing a reboot ) after the timeout occurs .
*
* Create device with :
* mknod / dev / watchdog c 10 130
*
* For an example userspace keep - alive daemon , see :
* Documentation / watchdog / wdt . rst
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/miscdevice.h>
#include <linux/watchdog.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/fs.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/notifier.h>
#include <linux/reboot.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/spinlock.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/uaccess.h>
/* enable support for minutes as units? */
/* (does not always work correctly, so disabled by default!) */
#define SMSC_SUPPORT_MINUTES
#undef SMSC_SUPPORT_MINUTES
#define MAX_TIMEOUT 255
#define UNIT_SECOND 0
#define UNIT_MINUTE 1
#define VERSION "1.1"
#define IOPORT 0 x3F0
#define IOPORT_SIZE 2
#define IODEV_NO 8
static int unit = UNIT_SECOND; /* timer's unit */
static int timeout = 60 ; /* timeout value: default is 60 "units" */
static unsigned long timer_enabled; /* is the timer enabled? */
static char expect_close; /* is the close expected? */
static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(io_lock);/* to guard the watchdog from io races */
static bool nowayout = WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT;
/* -- Low level function ----------------------------------------*/
/* unlock the IO chip */
static inline void open_io_config(void )
{
outb(0 x55, IOPORT);
mdelay(1 );
outb(0 x55, IOPORT);
}
/* lock the IO chip */
static inline void close_io_config(void )
{
outb(0 xAA, IOPORT);
}
/* select the IO device */
static inline void select_io_device(unsigned char devno)
{
outb(0 x07, IOPORT);
outb(devno, IOPORT+1 );
}
/* write to the control register */
static inline void write_io_cr(unsigned char reg, unsigned char data)
{
outb(reg, IOPORT);
outb(data, IOPORT+1 );
}
/* read from the control register */
static inline char read_io_cr(unsigned char reg)
{
outb(reg, IOPORT);
return inb(IOPORT+1 );
}
/* -- Medium level functions ------------------------------------*/
static inline void gpio_bit12(unsigned char reg)
{
/* -- General Purpose I/O Bit 1.2 --
* Bit 0 , In / Out : 0 = Output , 1 = Input
* Bit 1 , Polarity : 0 = No Invert , 1 = Invert
* Bit 2 , Group Enable Intr . : 0 = Disable , 1 = Enable
* Bit 3 / 4 , Function select : 00 = GPI / O , 01 = WDT , 10 = P17 ,
* 11 = Either Edge Triggered Intr . 2
* Bit 5 / 6 ( Reserved )
* Bit 7 , Output Type : 0 = Push Pull Bit , 1 = Open Drain
*/
write_io_cr(0 xE2, reg);
}
static inline void gpio_bit13(unsigned char reg)
{
/* -- General Purpose I/O Bit 1.3 --
* Bit 0 , In / Out : 0 = Output , 1 = Input
* Bit 1 , Polarity : 0 = No Invert , 1 = Invert
* Bit 2 , Group Enable Intr . : 0 = Disable , 1 = Enable
* Bit 3 , Function select : 0 = GPI / O , 1 = LED
* Bit 4 - 6 ( Reserved )
* Bit 7 , Output Type : 0 = Push Pull Bit , 1 = Open Drain
*/
write_io_cr(0 xE3, reg);
}
static inline void wdt_timer_units(unsigned char new_units)
{
/* -- Watchdog timer units --
* Bit 0 - 6 ( Reserved )
* Bit 7 , WDT Time - out Value Units Select
* ( 0 = Minutes , 1 = Seconds )
*/
write_io_cr(0 xF1, new_units);
}
static inline void wdt_timeout_value(unsigned char new_timeout)
{
/* -- Watchdog Timer Time-out Value --
* Bit 0 - 7 Binary coded units ( 0 = Disabled , 1 . . 255 )
*/
write_io_cr(0 xF2, new_timeout);
}
static inline void wdt_timer_conf(unsigned char conf)
{
/* -- Watchdog timer configuration --
* Bit 0 Joystick enable : 0 * = No Reset , 1 = Reset WDT upon
* Gameport I / O
* Bit 1 Keyboard enable : 0 * = No Reset , 1 = Reset WDT upon KBD Intr .
* Bit 2 Mouse enable : 0 * = No Reset , 1 = Reset WDT upon Mouse Intr
* Bit 3 Reset the timer
* ( Wrong in SMsC documentation ? Given as : PowerLED Timout
* Enabled )
* Bit 4 - 7 WDT Interrupt Mapping : ( 0000 * = Disabled ,
* 0001 = IRQ1 , 0010 = ( Invalid ) , 0011 = IRQ3 to 1111 = IRQ15 )
*/
write_io_cr(0 xF3, conf);
}
static inline void wdt_timer_ctrl(unsigned char reg)
{
/* -- Watchdog timer control --
* Bit 0 Status Bit : 0 = Timer counting , 1 = Timeout occurred
* Bit 1 Power LED Toggle : 0 = Disable Toggle , 1 = Toggle at 1 Hz
* Bit 2 Force Timeout : 1 = Forces WD timeout event ( self - cleaning )
* Bit 3 P20 Force Timeout enabled :
* 0 = P20 activity does not generate the WD timeout event
* 1 = P20 Allows rising edge of P20 , from the keyboard
* controller , to force the WD timeout event .
* Bit 4 ( Reserved )
* - - Soft power management - -
* Bit 5 Stop Counter : 1 = Stop software power down counter
* set via register 0 xB8 , ( self - cleaning )
* ( Upon read : 0 = Counter running , 1 = Counter stopped )
* Bit 6 Restart Counter : 1 = Restart software power down counter
* set via register 0 xB8 , ( self - cleaning )
* Bit 7 SPOFF : 1 = Force software power down ( self - cleaning )
*/
write_io_cr(0 xF4, reg);
}
/* -- Higher level functions ------------------------------------*/
/* initialize watchdog */
static void wb_smsc_wdt_initialize(void )
{
unsigned char old;
spin_lock(&io_lock);
open_io_config();
select_io_device(IODEV_NO);
/* enable the watchdog */
gpio_bit13(0 x08); /* Select pin 80 = LED not GPIO */
gpio_bit12(0 x0A); /* Set pin 79 = WDT not
GPIO/Output/Polarity=Invert */
/* disable the timeout */
wdt_timeout_value(0 );
/* reset control register */
wdt_timer_ctrl(0 x00);
/* reset configuration register */
wdt_timer_conf(0 x00);
/* read old (timer units) register */
old = read_io_cr(0 xF1) & 0 x7F;
if (unit == UNIT_SECOND)
old |= 0 x80; /* set to seconds */
/* set the watchdog timer units */
wdt_timer_units(old);
close_io_config();
spin_unlock(&io_lock);
}
/* shutdown the watchdog */
static void wb_smsc_wdt_shutdown(void )
{
spin_lock(&io_lock);
open_io_config();
select_io_device(IODEV_NO);
/* disable the watchdog */
gpio_bit13(0 x09);
gpio_bit12(0 x09);
/* reset watchdog config register */
wdt_timer_conf(0 x00);
/* reset watchdog control register */
wdt_timer_ctrl(0 x00);
/* disable timeout */
wdt_timeout_value(0 x00);
close_io_config();
spin_unlock(&io_lock);
}
/* set timeout => enable watchdog */
static void wb_smsc_wdt_set_timeout(unsigned char new_timeout)
{
spin_lock(&io_lock);
open_io_config();
select_io_device(IODEV_NO);
/* set Power LED to blink, if we enable the timeout */
wdt_timer_ctrl((new_timeout == 0 ) ? 0 x00 : 0 x02);
/* set timeout value */
wdt_timeout_value(new_timeout);
close_io_config();
spin_unlock(&io_lock);
}
/* get timeout */
static unsigned char wb_smsc_wdt_get_timeout(void )
{
unsigned char set_timeout;
spin_lock(&io_lock);
open_io_config();
select_io_device(IODEV_NO);
set_timeout = read_io_cr(0 xF2);
close_io_config();
spin_unlock(&io_lock);
return set_timeout;
}
/* disable watchdog */
static void wb_smsc_wdt_disable(void )
{
/* set the timeout to 0 to disable the watchdog */
wb_smsc_wdt_set_timeout(0 );
}
/* enable watchdog by setting the current timeout */
static void wb_smsc_wdt_enable(void )
{
/* set the current timeout... */
wb_smsc_wdt_set_timeout(timeout);
}
/* reset the timer */
static void wb_smsc_wdt_reset_timer(void )
{
spin_lock(&io_lock);
open_io_config();
select_io_device(IODEV_NO);
/* reset the timer */
wdt_timeout_value(timeout);
wdt_timer_conf(0 x08);
close_io_config();
spin_unlock(&io_lock);
}
/* return, if the watchdog is enabled (timeout is set...) */
static int wb_smsc_wdt_status(void )
{
return (wb_smsc_wdt_get_timeout() == 0 ) ? 0 : WDIOF_KEEPALIVEPING;
}
/* -- File operations -------------------------------------------*/
/* open => enable watchdog and set initial timeout */
static int wb_smsc_wdt_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
/* /dev/watchdog can only be opened once */
if (test_and_set_bit(0 , &timer_enabled))
return -EBUSY;
if (nowayout)
__module_get(THIS_MODULE);
/* Reload and activate timer */
wb_smsc_wdt_enable();
pr_info("Watchdog enabled. Timeout set to %d %s\n" ,
timeout, (unit == UNIT_SECOND) ? "second(s)" : "minute(s)" );
return stream_open(inode, file);
}
/* close => shut off the timer */
static int wb_smsc_wdt_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{
/* Shut off the timer. */
if (expect_close == 42 ) {
wb_smsc_wdt_disable();
pr_info("Watchdog disabled, sleeping again...\n" );
} else {
pr_crit("Unexpected close, not stopping watchdog!\n" );
wb_smsc_wdt_reset_timer();
}
clear_bit(0 , &timer_enabled);
expect_close = 0 ;
return 0 ;
}
/* write => update the timer to keep the machine alive */
static ssize_t wb_smsc_wdt_write(struct file *file, const char __user *data,
size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
{
/* See if we got the magic character 'V' and reload the timer */
if (len) {
if (!nowayout) {
size_t i;
/* reset expect flag */
expect_close = 0 ;
/* scan to see whether or not we got the
magic character */
for (i = 0 ; i != len; i++) {
char c;
if (get_user(c, data + i))
return -EFAULT;
if (c == 'V' )
expect_close = 42 ;
}
}
/* someone wrote to us, we should reload the timer */
wb_smsc_wdt_reset_timer();
}
return len;
}
/* ioctl => control interface */
static long wb_smsc_wdt_ioctl(struct file *file,
unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
{
int new_timeout;
union {
struct watchdog_info __user *ident;
int __user *i;
} uarg;
static const struct watchdog_info ident = {
.options = WDIOF_KEEPALIVEPING |
WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT |
WDIOF_MAGICCLOSE,
.firmware_version = 0 ,
.identity = "SMsC 37B787 Watchdog" ,
};
uarg.i = (int __user *)arg;
switch (cmd) {
case WDIOC_GETSUPPORT:
return copy_to_user(uarg.ident, &ident, sizeof (ident))
? -EFAULT : 0 ;
case WDIOC_GETSTATUS:
return put_user(wb_smsc_wdt_status(), uarg.i);
case WDIOC_GETBOOTSTATUS:
return put_user(0 , uarg.i);
case WDIOC_SETOPTIONS:
{
int options, retval = -EINVAL;
if (get_user(options, uarg.i))
return -EFAULT;
if (options & WDIOS_DISABLECARD) {
wb_smsc_wdt_disable();
retval = 0 ;
}
if (options & WDIOS_ENABLECARD) {
wb_smsc_wdt_enable();
retval = 0 ;
}
return retval;
}
case WDIOC_KEEPALIVE:
wb_smsc_wdt_reset_timer();
return 0 ;
case WDIOC_SETTIMEOUT:
if (get_user(new_timeout, uarg.i))
return -EFAULT;
/* the API states this is given in secs */
if (unit == UNIT_MINUTE)
new_timeout /= 60 ;
if (new_timeout < 0 || new_timeout > MAX_TIMEOUT)
return -EINVAL;
timeout = new_timeout;
wb_smsc_wdt_set_timeout(timeout);
fallthrough; /* and return the new timeout */
case WDIOC_GETTIMEOUT:
new_timeout = timeout;
if (unit == UNIT_MINUTE)
new_timeout *= 60 ;
return put_user(new_timeout, uarg.i);
default :
return -ENOTTY;
}
}
/* -- Notifier functions -----------------------------------------*/
static int wb_smsc_wdt_notify_sys(struct notifier_block *this ,
unsigned long code, void *unused)
{
if (code == SYS_DOWN || code == SYS_HALT) {
/* set timeout to 0, to avoid possible race-condition */
timeout = 0 ;
wb_smsc_wdt_disable();
}
return NOTIFY_DONE;
}
/* -- Module's structures ---------------------------------------*/
static const struct file_operations wb_smsc_wdt_fops = {
.owner = THIS_MODULE,
.write = wb_smsc_wdt_write,
.unlocked_ioctl = wb_smsc_wdt_ioctl,
.compat_ioctl = compat_ptr_ioctl,
.open = wb_smsc_wdt_open,
.release = wb_smsc_wdt_release,
};
static struct notifier_block wb_smsc_wdt_notifier = {
.notifier_call = wb_smsc_wdt_notify_sys,
};
static struct miscdevice wb_smsc_wdt_miscdev = {
.minor = WATCHDOG_MINOR,
.name = "watchdog" ,
.fops = &wb_smsc_wdt_fops,
};
/* -- Module init functions -------------------------------------*/
/* module's "constructor" */
static int __init wb_smsc_wdt_init(void )
{
int ret;
pr_info("SMsC 37B787 watchdog component driver "
VERSION " initialising...\n" );
if (!request_region(IOPORT, IOPORT_SIZE, "SMsC 37B787 watchdog" )) {
pr_err("Unable to register IO port %#x\n" , IOPORT);
ret = -EBUSY;
goto out_pnp;
}
/* set new maximum, if it's too big */
if (timeout > MAX_TIMEOUT)
timeout = MAX_TIMEOUT;
/* init the watchdog timer */
wb_smsc_wdt_initialize();
ret = register_reboot_notifier(&wb_smsc_wdt_notifier);
if (ret) {
pr_err("Unable to register reboot notifier err = %d\n" , ret);
goto out_io;
}
ret = misc_register(&wb_smsc_wdt_miscdev);
if (ret) {
pr_err("Unable to register miscdev on minor %d\n" ,
WATCHDOG_MINOR);
goto out_rbt;
}
/* output info */
pr_info("Timeout set to %d %s\n" ,
timeout, (unit == UNIT_SECOND) ? "second(s)" : "minute(s)" );
pr_info("Watchdog initialized and sleeping (nowayout=%d)...\n" ,
nowayout);
out_clean:
return ret;
out_rbt:
unregister_reboot_notifier(&wb_smsc_wdt_notifier);
out_io:
release_region(IOPORT, IOPORT_SIZE);
out_pnp:
goto out_clean;
}
/* module's "destructor" */
static void __exit wb_smsc_wdt_exit(void )
{
/* Stop the timer before we leave */
if (!nowayout) {
wb_smsc_wdt_shutdown();
pr_info("Watchdog disabled\n" );
}
misc_deregister(&wb_smsc_wdt_miscdev);
unregister_reboot_notifier(&wb_smsc_wdt_notifier);
release_region(IOPORT, IOPORT_SIZE);
pr_info("SMsC 37B787 watchdog component driver removed\n" );
}
module_init(wb_smsc_wdt_init);
module_exit(wb_smsc_wdt_exit);
MODULE_AUTHOR("Sven Anders <anders@anduras.de>" );
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Driver for SMsC 37B787 watchdog component (Version "
VERSION ")" );
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL" );
#ifdef SMSC_SUPPORT_MINUTES
module_param(unit, int , 0 );
MODULE_PARM_DESC(unit,
"set unit to use, 0=seconds or 1=minutes, default is 0" );
#endif
module_param(timeout, int , 0 );
MODULE_PARM_DESC(timeout, "range is 1-255 units, default is 60" );
module_param(nowayout, bool , 0 );
MODULE_PARM_DESC(nowayout,
"Watchdog cannot be stopped once started (default="
__MODULE_STRING(WATCHDOG_NOWAYOUT) ")" );
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