//! Generic support for drivers of different buses (e.g., PCI, Platform, Amba, etc.). //! //! This documentation describes how to implement a bus specific driver API and how to align it with //! the design of (bus specific) devices. //! //! Note: Readers are expected to know the content of the documentation of [`Device`] and //! [`DeviceContext`]. //! //! # Driver Trait //! //! The main driver interface is defined by a bus specific driver trait. For instance: //! //! ```ignore //! pub trait Driver: Send { //! /// The type holding information about each device ID supported by the driver. //! type IdInfo: 'static; //! //! /// The table of OF device ids supported by the driver. //! const OF_ID_TABLE: Option<of::IdTable<Self::IdInfo>> = None; //! //! /// The table of ACPI device ids supported by the driver. //! const ACPI_ID_TABLE: Option<acpi::IdTable<Self::IdInfo>> = None; //! //! /// Driver probe. //! fn probe(dev: &Device<device::Core>, id_info: &Self::IdInfo) -> Result<Pin<KBox<Self>>>; //! //! /// Driver unbind (optional). //! fn unbind(dev: &Device<device::Core>, this: Pin<&Self>) { //! let _ = (dev, this); //! } //! } //! ``` //! //! For specific examples see [`auxiliary::Driver`], [`pci::Driver`] and [`platform::Driver`]. //! //! The `probe()` callback should return a `Result<Pin<KBox<Self>>>`, i.e. the driver's private //! data. The bus abstraction should store the pointer in the corresponding bus device. The generic //! [`Device`] infrastructure provides common helpers for this purpose on its //! [`Device<CoreInternal>`] implementation. //! //! All driver callbacks should provide a reference to the driver's private data. Once the driver //! is unbound from the device, the bus abstraction should take back the ownership of the driver's //! private data from the corresponding [`Device`] and [`drop`] it. //! //! All driver callbacks should provide a [`Device<Core>`] reference (see also [`device::Core`]). //! //! # Adapter //! //! The adapter implementation of a bus represents the abstraction layer between the C bus //! callbacks and the Rust bus callbacks. It therefore has to be generic over an implementation of //! the [driver trait](#driver-trait). //! //! ```ignore //! pub struct Adapter<T: Driver>; //! ``` //! //! There's a common [`Adapter`] trait that can be implemented to inherit common driver //! infrastructure, such as finding the ID info from an [`of::IdTable`] or [`acpi::IdTable`]. //! //! # Driver Registration //! //! In order to register C driver types (such as `struct platform_driver`) the [adapter](#adapter) //! should implement the [`RegistrationOps`] trait. //! //! This trait implementation can be used to create the actual registration with the common //! [`Registration`] type. //! //! Typically, bus abstractions want to provide a bus specific `module_bus_driver!` macro, which //! creates a kernel module with exactly one [`Registration`] for the bus specific adapter. //! //! The generic driver infrastructure provides a helper for this with the [`module_driver`] macro. //! //! # Device IDs //! //! Besides the common device ID types, such as [`of::DeviceId`] and [`acpi::DeviceId`], most buses //! may need to implement their own device ID types. //! //! For this purpose the generic infrastructure in [`device_id`] should be used. //! //! [`auxiliary::Driver`]: kernel::auxiliary::Driver //! [`Core`]: device::Core //! [`Device`]: device::Device //! [`Device<Core>`]: device::Device<device::Core> //! [`Device<CoreInternal>`]: device::Device<device::CoreInternal> //! [`DeviceContext`]: device::DeviceContext //! [`device_id`]: kernel::device_id //! [`module_driver`]: kernel::module_driver //! [`pci::Driver`]: kernel::pci::Driver //! [`platform::Driver`]: kernel::platform::Driver
usecrate::error::{Error, Result}; usecrate::{acpi, device, of, str::CStr, try_pin_init, types::Opaque, ThisModule}; use core::pin::Pin; use pin_init::{pin_data, pinned_drop, PinInit};
/// The [`RegistrationOps`] trait serves as generic interface for subsystems (e.g., PCI, Platform, /// Amba, etc.) to provide the corresponding subsystem specific implementation to register / /// unregister a driver of the particular type (`RegType`). /// /// For instance, the PCI subsystem would set `RegType` to `bindings::pci_driver` and call /// `bindings::__pci_register_driver` from `RegistrationOps::register` and /// `bindings::pci_unregister_driver` from `RegistrationOps::unregister`. /// /// # Safety /// /// A call to [`RegistrationOps::unregister`] for a given instance of `RegType` is only valid if a /// preceding call to [`RegistrationOps::register`] has been successful. pubunsafetrait RegistrationOps { /// The type that holds information about the registration. This is typically a struct defined /// by the C portion of the kernel. type RegType: Default;
/// Registers a driver. /// /// # Safety /// /// On success, `reg` must remain pinned and valid until the matching call to /// [`RegistrationOps::unregister`]. unsafefn register(
reg: &Opaque<Self::RegType>,
name: &'static CStr,
module: &'static ThisModule,
) -> Result;
/// Unregisters a driver previously registered with [`RegistrationOps::register`]. /// /// # Safety /// /// Must only be called after a preceding successful call to [`RegistrationOps::register`] for /// the same `reg`. unsafefn unregister(reg: &Opaque<Self::RegType>);
}
/// A [`Registration`] is a generic type that represents the registration of some driver type (e.g. /// `bindings::pci_driver`). Therefore a [`Registration`] must be initialized with a type that /// implements the [`RegistrationOps`] trait, such that the generic `T::register` and /// `T::unregister` calls result in the subsystem specific registration calls. /// ///Once the `Registration` structure is dropped, the driver is unregistered. #[pin_data(PinnedDrop)] pubstruct Registration<T: RegistrationOps> { #[pin]
reg: Opaque<T::RegType>,
}
// SAFETY: `Registration` has no fields or methods accessible via `&Registration`, so it is safe to // share references to it with multiple threads as nothing can be done. unsafeimpl<T: RegistrationOps> Sync for Registration<T> {}
// SAFETY: Both registration and unregistration are implemented in C and safe to be performed from // any thread, so `Registration` is `Send`. unsafeimpl<T: RegistrationOps> Send for Registration<T> {}
impl<T: RegistrationOps> Registration<T> { /// Creates a new instance of the registration object. pubfn new(name: &'static CStr, module: &'static ThisModule) -> impl PinInit<Self, Error> {
try_pin_init!(Self {
reg <- Opaque::try_ffi_init(|ptr: *mut T::RegType| { // SAFETY: `try_ffi_init` guarantees that `ptr` is valid for write. unsafe { ptr.write(T::RegType::default()) };
// SAFETY: `try_ffi_init` guarantees that `ptr` is valid for write, and it has // just been initialised above, so it's also valid for read. let drv = unsafe { &*(ptr as *const Opaque<T::RegType>) };
// SAFETY: `drv` is guaranteed to be pinned until `T::unregister`. unsafe { T::register(drv, name, module) }
}),
})
}
}
#[pinned_drop] impl<T: RegistrationOps> PinnedDrop for Registration<T> { fn drop(self: Pin<&mutSelf>) { // SAFETY: The existence of `self` guarantees that `self.reg` has previously been // successfully registered with `T::register` unsafe { T::unregister(&self.reg) };
}
}
/// Declares a kernel module that exposes a single driver. /// /// It is meant to be used as a helper by other subsystems so they can more easily expose their own /// macros. #[macro_export]
macro_rules! module_driver {
(<$gen_type:ident>, $driver_ops:ty, { type: $type:ty, $($f:tt)* }) => { type Ops<$gen_type> = $driver_ops;
/// The bus independent adapter to match a drivers and a devices. /// /// This trait should be implemented by the bus specific adapter, which represents the connection /// of a device and a driver. /// /// It provides bus independent functions for device / driver interactions. pubtrait Adapter { /// The type holding driver private data about each device id supported by the driver. type IdInfo: 'static;
/// The [`acpi::IdTable`] of the corresponding driver fn acpi_id_table() -> Option<acpi::IdTable<Self::IdInfo>>;
/// Returns the driver's private data from the matching entry in the [`acpi::IdTable`], if any. /// /// If this returns `None`, it means there is no match with an entry in the [`acpi::IdTable`]. fn acpi_id_info(dev: &device::Device) -> Option<&'static Self::IdInfo> { #[cfg(not(CONFIG_ACPI))]
{ let _ = dev;
None
}
#[cfg(CONFIG_ACPI)]
{ let table = Self::acpi_id_table()?;
// SAFETY: // - `table` has static lifetime, hence it's valid for read, // - `dev` is guaranteed to be valid while it's alive, and so is `dev.as_raw()`. let raw_id = unsafe { bindings::acpi_match_device(table.as_ptr(), dev.as_raw()) };
if raw_id.is_null() {
None
} else { // SAFETY: `DeviceId` is a `#[repr(transparent)]` wrapper of `struct acpi_device_id` // and does not add additional invariants, so it's safe to transmute. let id = unsafe { &*raw_id.cast::<acpi::DeviceId>() };
/// The [`of::IdTable`] of the corresponding driver. fn of_id_table() -> Option<of::IdTable<Self::IdInfo>>;
/// Returns the driver's private data from the matching entry in the [`of::IdTable`], if any. /// /// If this returns `None`, it means there is no match with an entry in the [`of::IdTable`]. fn of_id_info(dev: &device::Device) -> Option<&'static Self::IdInfo> { #[cfg(not(CONFIG_OF))]
{ let _ = dev;
None
}
#[cfg(CONFIG_OF)]
{ let table = Self::of_id_table()?;
// SAFETY: // - `table` has static lifetime, hence it's valid for read, // - `dev` is guaranteed to be valid while it's alive, and so is `dev.as_raw()`. let raw_id = unsafe { bindings::of_match_device(table.as_ptr(), dev.as_raw()) };
if raw_id.is_null() {
None
} else { // SAFETY: `DeviceId` is a `#[repr(transparent)]` wrapper of `struct of_device_id` // and does not add additional invariants, so it's safe to transmute. let id = unsafe { &*raw_id.cast::<of::DeviceId>() };
/// Returns the driver's private data from the matching entry of any of the ID tables, if any. /// /// If this returns `None`, it means that there is no match in any of the ID tables directly /// associated with a [`device::Device`]. fn id_info(dev: &device::Device) -> Option<&'static Self::IdInfo> { let id = Self::acpi_id_info(dev); if id.is_some() { return id;
}
let id = Self::of_id_info(dev); if id.is_some() { return id;
}
None
}
}
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