//! Time related primitives. //! //! This module contains the kernel APIs related to time and timers that //! have been ported or wrapped for usage by Rust code in the kernel. //! //! There are two types in this module: //! //! - The [`Instant`] type represents a specific point in time. //! - The [`Delta`] type represents a span of time. //! //! Note that the C side uses `ktime_t` type to represent both. However, timestamp //! and timedelta are different. To avoid confusion, we use two different types. //! //! A [`Instant`] object can be created by calling the [`Instant::now()`] function. //! It represents a point in time at which the object was created. //! By calling the [`Instant::elapsed()`] method, a [`Delta`] object representing //! the elapsed time can be created. The [`Delta`] object can also be created //! by subtracting two [`Instant`] objects. //! //! A [`Delta`] type supports methods to retrieve the duration in various units. //! //! C header: [`include/linux/jiffies.h`](srctree/include/linux/jiffies.h). //! C header: [`include/linux/ktime.h`](srctree/include/linux/ktime.h).
use core::marker::PhantomData;
pubmod delay; pubmod hrtimer;
/// The number of nanoseconds per microsecond. pubconst NSEC_PER_USEC: i64 = bindings::NSEC_PER_USEC as i64;
/// The number of nanoseconds per millisecond. pubconst NSEC_PER_MSEC: i64 = bindings::NSEC_PER_MSEC as i64;
/// The number of nanoseconds per second. pubconst NSEC_PER_SEC: i64 = bindings::NSEC_PER_SEC as i64;
/// The time unit of Linux kernel. One jiffy equals (1/HZ) second. pubtype Jiffies = crate::ffi::c_ulong;
/// The millisecond time unit. pubtype Msecs = crate::ffi::c_uint;
/// Converts milliseconds to jiffies. #[inline] pubfn msecs_to_jiffies(msecs: Msecs) -> Jiffies { // SAFETY: The `__msecs_to_jiffies` function is always safe to call no // matter what the argument is. unsafe { bindings::__msecs_to_jiffies(msecs) }
}
/// Trait for clock sources. /// /// Selection of the clock source depends on the use case. In some cases the usage of a /// particular clock is mandatory, e.g. in network protocols, filesystems. In other /// cases the user of the clock has to decide which clock is best suited for the /// purpose. In most scenarios clock [`Monotonic`] is the best choice as it /// provides a accurate monotonic notion of time (leap second smearing ignored). pubtrait ClockSource { /// The kernel clock ID associated with this clock source. /// /// This constant corresponds to the C side `clockid_t` value. const ID: bindings::clockid_t;
/// Get the current time from the clock source. /// /// The function must return a value in the range from 0 to `KTIME_MAX`. fn ktime_get() -> bindings::ktime_t;
}
/// A monotonically increasing clock. /// /// A nonsettable system-wide clock that represents monotonic time since as /// described by POSIX, "some unspecified point in the past". On Linux, that /// point corresponds to the number of seconds that the system has been /// running since it was booted. /// /// The CLOCK_MONOTONIC clock is not affected by discontinuous jumps in the /// CLOCK_REAL (e.g., if the system administrator manually changes the /// clock), but is affected by frequency adjustments. This clock does not /// count time that the system is suspended. pubstruct Monotonic;
impl ClockSource for Monotonic { const ID: bindings::clockid_t = bindings::CLOCK_MONOTONIC as bindings::clockid_t;
fn ktime_get() -> bindings::ktime_t { // SAFETY: It is always safe to call `ktime_get()` outside of NMI context. unsafe { bindings::ktime_get() }
}
}
/// A settable system-wide clock that measures real (i.e., wall-clock) time. /// /// Setting this clock requires appropriate privileges. This clock is /// affected by discontinuous jumps in the system time (e.g., if the system /// administrator manually changes the clock), and by frequency adjustments /// performed by NTP and similar applications via adjtime(3), adjtimex(2), /// clock_adjtime(2), and ntp_adjtime(3). This clock normally counts the /// number of seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 Coordinated Universal Time /// (UTC) except that it ignores leap seconds; near a leap second it may be /// adjusted by leap second smearing to stay roughly in sync with UTC. Leap /// second smearing applies frequency adjustments to the clock to speed up /// or slow down the clock to account for the leap second without /// discontinuities in the clock. If leap second smearing is not applied, /// the clock will experience discontinuity around leap second adjustment. pubstruct RealTime;
impl ClockSource for RealTime { const ID: bindings::clockid_t = bindings::CLOCK_REALTIME as bindings::clockid_t;
fn ktime_get() -> bindings::ktime_t { // SAFETY: It is always safe to call `ktime_get_real()` outside of NMI context. unsafe { bindings::ktime_get_real() }
}
}
/// A monotonic that ticks while system is suspended. /// /// A nonsettable system-wide clock that is identical to CLOCK_MONOTONIC, /// except that it also includes any time that the system is suspended. This /// allows applications to get a suspend-aware monotonic clock without /// having to deal with the complications of CLOCK_REALTIME, which may have /// discontinuities if the time is changed using settimeofday(2) or similar. pubstruct BootTime;
impl ClockSource for BootTime { const ID: bindings::clockid_t = bindings::CLOCK_BOOTTIME as bindings::clockid_t;
fn ktime_get() -> bindings::ktime_t { // SAFETY: It is always safe to call `ktime_get_boottime()` outside of NMI context. unsafe { bindings::ktime_get_boottime() }
}
}
/// International Atomic Time. /// /// A system-wide clock derived from wall-clock time but counting leap seconds. /// /// This clock is coupled to CLOCK_REALTIME and will be set when CLOCK_REALTIME is /// set, or when the offset to CLOCK_REALTIME is changed via adjtimex(2). This /// usually happens during boot and **should** not happen during normal operations. /// However, if NTP or another application adjusts CLOCK_REALTIME by leap second /// smearing, this clock will not be precise during leap second smearing. /// /// The acronym TAI refers to International Atomic Time. pubstruct Tai;
impl ClockSource for Tai { const ID: bindings::clockid_t = bindings::CLOCK_TAI as bindings::clockid_t;
fn ktime_get() -> bindings::ktime_t { // SAFETY: It is always safe to call `ktime_get_tai()` outside of NMI context. unsafe { bindings::ktime_get_clocktai() }
}
}
/// A specific point in time. /// /// # Invariants /// /// The `inner` value is in the range from 0 to `KTIME_MAX`. #[repr(transparent)] #[derive(PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord)] pubstruct Instant<C: ClockSource> {
inner: bindings::ktime_t,
_c: PhantomData<C>,
}
impl<C: ClockSource> Instant<C> { /// Get the current time from the clock source. #[inline] pubfn now() -> Self { // INVARIANT: The `ClockSource::ktime_get()` function returns a value in the range // from 0 to `KTIME_MAX`. Self {
inner: C::ktime_get(),
_c: PhantomData,
}
}
/// Return the amount of time elapsed since the [`Instant`]. #[inline] pubfn elapsed(&self) -> Delta { Self::now() - *self
}
impl<C: ClockSource> core::ops::Sub for Instant<C> { type Output = Delta;
// By the type invariant, it never overflows. #[inline] fn sub(self, other: Instant<C>) -> Delta {
Delta {
nanos: self.inner - other.inner,
}
}
}
/// A span of time. /// /// This struct represents a span of time, with its value stored as nanoseconds. /// The value can represent any valid i64 value, including negative, zero, and /// positive numbers. #[derive(Copy, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Eq, Ord, Debug)] pubstruct Delta {
nanos: i64,
}
impl Delta { /// A span of time equal to zero. pubconst ZERO: Self = Self { nanos: 0 };
/// Create a new [`Delta`] from a number of microseconds. /// /// The `micros` can range from -9_223_372_036_854_775 to 9_223_372_036_854_775. /// If `micros` is outside this range, `i64::MIN` is used for negative values, /// and `i64::MAX` is used for positive values due to saturation. #[inline] pubconstfn from_micros(micros: i64) -> Self { Self {
nanos: micros.saturating_mul(NSEC_PER_USEC),
}
}
/// Create a new [`Delta`] from a number of milliseconds. /// /// The `millis` can range from -9_223_372_036_854 to 9_223_372_036_854. /// If `millis` is outside this range, `i64::MIN` is used for negative values, /// and `i64::MAX` is used for positive values due to saturation. #[inline] pubconstfn from_millis(millis: i64) -> Self { Self {
nanos: millis.saturating_mul(NSEC_PER_MSEC),
}
}
/// Create a new [`Delta`] from a number of seconds. /// /// The `secs` can range from -9_223_372_036 to 9_223_372_036. /// If `secs` is outside this range, `i64::MIN` is used for negative values, /// and `i64::MAX` is used for positive values due to saturation. #[inline] pubconstfn from_secs(secs: i64) -> Self { Self {
nanos: secs.saturating_mul(NSEC_PER_SEC),
}
}
/// Return `true` if the [`Delta`] spans no time. #[inline] pubfn is_zero(self) -> bool { self.as_nanos() == 0
}
/// Return `true` if the [`Delta`] spans a negative amount of time. #[inline] pubfn is_negative(self) -> bool { self.as_nanos() < 0
}
/// Return the number of nanoseconds in the [`Delta`]. #[inline] pubconstfn as_nanos(self) -> i64 { self.nanos
}
/// Return the smallest number of microseconds greater than or equal /// to the value in the [`Delta`]. #[inline] pubfn as_micros_ceil(self) -> i64 { #[cfg(CONFIG_64BIT)]
{ self.as_nanos().saturating_add(NSEC_PER_USEC - 1) / NSEC_PER_USEC
}
#[cfg(not(CONFIG_64BIT))] // SAFETY: It is always safe to call `ktime_to_us()` with any value. unsafe {
bindings::ktime_to_us(self.as_nanos().saturating_add(NSEC_PER_USEC - 1))
}
}
/// Return the number of milliseconds in the [`Delta`]. #[inline] pubfn as_millis(self) -> i64 { #[cfg(CONFIG_64BIT)]
{ self.as_nanos() / NSEC_PER_MSEC
}
#[cfg(not(CONFIG_64BIT))] // SAFETY: It is always safe to call `ktime_to_ms()` with any value. unsafe {
bindings::ktime_to_ms(self.as_nanos())
}
}
}
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