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Spracherkennung für: .out vermutete Sprache: Unknown {[0] [0] [0]} [Methode: Schwerpunktbildung, einfache Gewichte, sechs Dimensionen] -- =================================================================== -- create FDW objects -- =================================================================== CREATE EXTENSION postgres_fdw; CREATE SERVER testserver1 FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw; DO $d$ BEGIN EXECUTE $$CREATE SERVER loopback FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw OPTIONS (dbname '$$||current_database()||$$', port '$$||current_setting('port')||$$' )$$; EXECUTE $$CREATE SERVER loopback2 FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw OPTIONS (dbname '$$||current_database()||$$', port '$$||current_setting('port')||$$' )$$; EXECUTE $$CREATE SERVER loopback3 FOREIGN DATA WRAPPER postgres_fdw OPTIONS (dbname '$$||current_database()||$$', port '$$||current_setting('port')||$$' )$$; END; $d$; CREATE USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (user 'value', password 'value'); CREATE USER MAPPING FOR CURRENT_USER SERVER loopback; CREATE USER MAPPING FOR CURRENT_USER SERVER loopback2; CREATE USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER loopback3; -- =================================================================== -- create objects used through FDW loopback server -- =================================================================== CREATE TYPE user_enum AS ENUM ('foo', 'bar', 'buz'); CREATE SCHEMA "S 1"; CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 1" ( "C 1" int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, c3 text, c4 timestamptz, c5 timestamp, c6 varchar(10), c7 char(10), c8 user_enum, CONSTRAINT t1_pkey PRIMARY KEY ("C 1") ); CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 2" ( c1 int NOT NULL, c2 text, CONSTRAINT t2_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1) ); CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 3" ( c1 int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, c3 text, CONSTRAINT t3_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1) ); CREATE TABLE "S 1"."T 4" ( c1 int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, c3 text, CONSTRAINT t4_pkey PRIMARY KEY (c1) ); -- Disable autovacuum for these tables to avoid unexpected effects of that ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 1" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false'); ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 2" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false'); ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 3" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false'); ALTER TABLE "S 1"."T 4" SET (autovacuum_enabled = 'false'); INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 1" SELECT id, id % 10, to_char(id, 'FM00000'), '1970-01-01'::timestamptz + ((id % 100) || ' days')::interval, '1970-01-01'::timestamp + ((id % 100) || ' days')::interval, id % 10, id % 10, 'foo'::user_enum FROM generate_series(1, 1000) id; INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 2" SELECT id, 'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000') FROM generate_series(1, 100) id; INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 3" SELECT id, id + 1, 'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000') FROM generate_series(1, 100) id; DELETE FROM "S 1"."T 3" WHERE c1 % 2 != 0; -- delete for outer join tests INSERT INTO "S 1"."T 4" SELECT id, id + 1, 'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000') FROM generate_series(1, 100) id; DELETE FROM "S 1"."T 4" WHERE c1 % 3 != 0; -- delete for outer join tests ANALYZE "S 1"."T 1"; ANALYZE "S 1"."T 2"; ANALYZE "S 1"."T 3"; ANALYZE "S 1"."T 4"; -- =================================================================== -- create foreign tables -- =================================================================== CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft1 ( c0 int, c1 int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, c3 text, c4 timestamptz, c5 timestamp, c6 varchar(10), c7 char(10) default 'ft1', c8 user_enum ) SERVER loopback; ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 DROP COLUMN c0; CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft2 ( c1 int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, cx int, c3 text, c4 timestamptz, c5 timestamp, c6 varchar(10), c7 char(10) default 'ft2', c8 user_enum ) SERVER loopback; ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 DROP COLUMN cx; CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft4 ( c1 int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, c3 text ) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 3'); CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft5 ( c1 int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, c3 text ) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4'); CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft6 ( c1 int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, c3 text ) SERVER loopback2 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4'); CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft7 ( c1 int NOT NULL, c2 int NOT NULL, c3 text ) SERVER loopback3 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4'); -- =================================================================== -- tests for validator -- =================================================================== -- requiressl and some other parameters are omitted because -- valid values for them depend on configure options ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS ( use_remote_estimate 'false', updatable 'true', fdw_startup_cost '123.456', fdw_tuple_cost '0.123', service 'value', connect_timeout 'value', dbname 'value', host 'value', hostaddr 'value', port 'value', --client_encoding 'value', application_name 'value', --fallback_application_name 'value', keepalives 'value', keepalives_idle 'value', keepalives_interval 'value', tcp_user_timeout 'value', -- requiressl 'value', sslcompression 'value', sslmode 'value', sslcert 'value', sslkey 'value', sslrootcert 'value', sslcrl 'value', --requirepeer 'value', krbsrvname 'value', gsslib 'value', gssdelegation 'value' --replication 'value' ); -- Error, invalid list syntax ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD extensions 'foo; bar'); ERROR: parameter "extensions" must be a list of extension names -- OK but gets a warning ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD extensions 'foo, bar'); WARNING: extension "foo" is not installed WARNING: extension "bar" is not installed ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (DROP extensions); ALTER USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (DROP user, DROP password); -- Attempt to add a valid option that's not allowed in a user mapping ALTER USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD sslmode 'require'); ERROR: invalid option "sslmode" -- But we can add valid ones fine ALTER USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD sslpassword 'dummy'); -- Ensure valid options we haven't used in a user mapping yet are -- permitted to check validation. ALTER USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD sslkey 'value', ADD sslcert 'value'); -- OAuth options are not allowed in either context ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD oauth_issuer 'https://example.com'); ERROR: invalid option "oauth_issuer" ALTER SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD oauth_client_id 'myID'); ERROR: invalid option "oauth_client_id" ALTER USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD oauth_issuer 'https://example.com'); ERROR: invalid option "oauth_issuer" ALTER USER MAPPING FOR public SERVER testserver1 OPTIONS (ADD oauth_client_id 'myID'); ERROR: invalid option "oauth_client_id" ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 1'); ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 OPTIONS (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 1'); ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft1 ALTER COLUMN c1 OPTIONS (column_name 'C 1'); ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 ALTER COLUMN c1 OPTIONS (column_name 'C 1'); \det+ List of foreign tables Schema | Table | Server | FDW options | Description --------+-------+-----------+---------------------------------------+----------- public | ft1 | loopback | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 1') | public | ft2 | loopback | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 1') | public | ft4 | loopback | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 3') | public | ft5 | loopback | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4') | public | ft6 | loopback2 | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4') | public | ft7 | loopback3 | (schema_name 'S 1', table_name 'T 4') | (6 rows) -- Test that alteration of server options causes reconnection -- Remote's errors might be non-English, so hide them to ensure stable results \set VERBOSITY terse SELECT c3, c4 FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 LIMIT 1; -- should work c3 | c4 -------+------------------------------ 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST (1 row) ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET dbname 'no such database'); SELECT c3, c4 FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 LIMIT 1; -- should fail ERROR: could not connect to server "loopback" DO $d$ BEGIN EXECUTE $$ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (SET dbname '$$||current_database()||$$')$$; END; $d$; SELECT c3, c4 FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 LIMIT 1; -- should work again c3 | c4 -------+------------------------------ 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST (1 row) -- Test that alteration of user mapping options causes reconnection ALTER USER MAPPING FOR CURRENT_USER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (ADD user 'no such user'); SELECT c3, c4 FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 LIMIT 1; -- should fail ERROR: could not connect to server "loopback" ALTER USER MAPPING FOR CURRENT_USER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (DROP user); SELECT c3, c4 FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 LIMIT 1; -- should work again c3 | c4 -------+------------------------------ 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST (1 row) \set VERBOSITY default -- Now we should be able to run ANALYZE. -- To exercise multiple code paths, we use local stats on ft1 -- and remote-estimate mode on ft2. ANALYZE ft1; ALTER FOREIGN TABLE ft2 OPTIONS (use_remote_estimate 'true'); -- =================================================================== -- test error case for create publication on foreign table -- =================================================================== CREATE PUBLICATION testpub_ftbl FOR TABLE ft1; -- should fail ERROR: cannot add relation "ft1" to publication DETAIL: This operation is not supported for foreign tables. -- =================================================================== -- simple queries -- =================================================================== -- single table without alias EXPLAIN (COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; QUERY PLAN --------------------- Foreign Scan on ft1 (1 row) SELECT * FROM ft1 ORDER BY c3, c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 -----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+--- 101 | 1 | 00101 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo 102 | 2 | 00102 | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 | 2 | 2 | foo 103 | 3 | 00103 | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 | 3 | 3 | foo 104 | 4 | 00104 | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 | 4 | 4 | foo 105 | 5 | 00105 | Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970 | 5 | 5 | foo 106 | 6 | 00106 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo 107 | 7 | 00107 | Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970 | 7 | 7 | foo 108 | 8 | 00108 | Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970 | 8 | 8 | foo 109 | 9 | 00109 | Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970 | 9 | 9 | foo 110 | 0 | 00110 | Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970 | 0 | 0 | foo (10 rows) -- single table with alias - also test that tableoid sort is not pushed to remote side EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1, t1.tableoid OFFSET 100 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, tableoid -> Sort Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, tableoid Sort Key: t1.c3, t1.c1, t1.tableoid -> Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, tableoid Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" (8 rows) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1, t1.tableoid OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 -----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+--- 101 | 1 | 00101 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo 102 | 2 | 00102 | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 | 2 | 2 | foo 103 | 3 | 00103 | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 | 3 | 3 | foo 104 | 4 | 00104 | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 | 4 | 4 | foo 105 | 5 | 00105 | Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970 | 5 | 5 | foo 106 | 6 | 00106 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo 107 | 7 | 00107 | Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970 | 7 | 7 | foo 108 | 8 | 00108 | Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970 | 8 | 8 | foo 109 | 9 | 00109 | Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970 | 9 | 9 | foo 110 | 0 | 00110 | Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970 | 0 | 0 | foo (10 rows) -- whole-row reference EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1 FROM ft1 t1 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: t1.*, c3, c1 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" ORDER BY c3 ASC NULLS LAST, "C 1" (3 rows) SELECT t1 FROM ft1 t1 ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; t1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- (101,1,00101,"Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST","Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970",1,"1 ",foo) (102,2,00102,"Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 PST","Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970",2,"2 ",foo) (103,3,00103,"Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 PST","Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970",3,"3 ",foo) (104,4,00104,"Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 PST","Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970",4,"4 ",foo) (105,5,00105,"Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970 PST","Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970",5,"5 ",foo) (106,6,00106,"Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST","Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970",6,"6 ",foo) (107,7,00107,"Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970 PST","Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970",7,"7 ",foo) (108,8,00108,"Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970 PST","Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970",8,"8 ",foo) (109,9,00109,"Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970 PST","Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970",9,"9 ",foo) (110,0,00110,"Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970 PST","Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970",0,"0 ",foo) (10 rows) -- empty result SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE false; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 ----+----+----+----+----+----+----+---- (0 rows) -- with WHERE clause EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = 101 AND t1.c6 = '1' AND t1.c7 >= '1'; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((c7 >= '1')) AND (("C 1" = 1 (3 rows) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = 101 AND t1.c6 = '1' AND t1.c7 >= '1'; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 -----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+--- 101 | 1 | 00101 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo (1 row) -- with FOR UPDATE/SHARE EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 101 FOR UPDATE; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, t1.* Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = 101)) FOR UPDATE (3 rows) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 101 FOR UPDATE; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 -----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+--- 101 | 1 | 00101 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo (1 row) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 102 FOR SHARE; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, t1.* Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = 102)) FOR SHARE (3 rows) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 102 FOR SHARE; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 -----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+--- 102 | 2 | 00102 | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 | 2 | 2 | foo (1 row) -- aggregate SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ft1 t1; count ------- 1000 (1 row) -- subquery SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c3 IN (SELECT c3 FROM ft2 t2 WHERE c1 <= 10) ORDER BY c1; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 ----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+---- 1 | 1 | 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo 2 | 2 | 00002 | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 | 2 | 2 | foo 3 | 3 | 00003 | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 | 3 | 3 | foo 4 | 4 | 00004 | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 | 4 | 4 | foo 5 | 5 | 00005 | Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970 | 5 | 5 | foo 6 | 6 | 00006 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo 7 | 7 | 00007 | Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970 | 7 | 7 | foo 8 | 8 | 00008 | Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970 | 8 | 8 | foo 9 | 9 | 00009 | Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970 | 9 | 9 | foo 10 | 0 | 00010 | Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970 | 0 | 0 | foo (10 rows) -- subquery+MAX SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c3 = (SELECT MAX(c3) FROM ft2 t2) ORDER BY c1; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 ------+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+-- 1000 | 0 | 01000 | Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 | 0 | 0 | foo (1 row) -- used in CTE WITH t1 AS (SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE c1 <= 10) SELECT t2.c1, t2.c2, t2.c3, t2.c4 FROM t1, ft2 t2 WHERE c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 ----+----+-------+------------------------------ 1 | 1 | 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST 2 | 2 | 00002 | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 PST 3 | 3 | 00003 | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 PST 4 | 4 | 00004 | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 PST 5 | 5 | 00005 | Tue Jan 06 00:00:00 1970 PST 6 | 6 | 00006 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST 7 | 7 | 00007 | Thu Jan 08 00:00:00 1970 PST 8 | 8 | 00008 | Fri Jan 09 00:00:00 1970 PST 9 | 9 | 00009 | Sat Jan 10 00:00:00 1970 PST 10 | 0 | 00010 | Sun Jan 11 00:00:00 1970 PST (10 rows) -- fixed values SELECT 'fixed', NULL FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = 1; ?column? | ?column? ----------+---------- fixed | (1 row) -- Test forcing the remote server to produce sorted data for a merge join. SET enable_hashjoin TO false; SET enable_nestloop TO false; -- inner join; expressions in the clauses appear in the equivalence class list EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2."C 1" FROM ft2 t1 JOIN "S 1"."T 1" t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit Output: t1.c1, t2."C 1" -> Merge Join Output: t1.c1, t2."C 1" Inner Unique: true Merge Cond: (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 t1 Output: t1.c1 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" ORDER BY "C 1" ASC NULLS LAST -> Index Only Scan using t1_pkey on "S 1"."T 1" t2 Output: t2."C 1" (11 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2."C 1" FROM ft2 t1 JOIN "S 1"."T 1" t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10; c1 | C 1 -----+----- 101 | 101 102 | 102 103 | 103 104 | 104 105 | 105 106 | 106 107 | 107 108 | 108 109 | 109 110 | 110 (10 rows) -- outer join; expressions in the clauses do not appear in equivalence class -- list but no output change as compared to the previous query EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2."C 1" FROM ft2 t1 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 1" t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit Output: t1.c1, t2."C 1" -> Merge Left Join Output: t1.c1, t2."C 1" Inner Unique: true Merge Cond: (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 t1 Output: t1.c1 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" ORDER BY "C 1" ASC NULLS LAST -> Index Only Scan using t1_pkey on "S 1"."T 1" t2 Output: t2."C 1" (11 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2."C 1" FROM ft2 t1 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 1" t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2."C 1") OFFSET 100 LIMIT 10 c1 | C 1 -----+----- 101 | 101 102 | 102 103 | 103 104 | 104 105 | 105 106 | 106 107 | 107 108 | 108 109 | 109 110 | 110 (10 rows) -- A join between local table and foreign join. ORDER BY clause is added to the -- foreign join so that the local table can be joined using merge join strategy. EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1."C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1 left join ft1 t2 join ft2 t3 on (t2.c1 = t3.c1) on (t3.c1 = t1."C 1 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit Output: t1."C 1" -> Merge Right Join Output: t1."C 1" Inner Unique: true Merge Cond: (t3.c1 = t1."C 1") -> Foreign Scan Output: t3.c1 Relations: (public.ft1 t2) INNER JOIN (public.ft2 t3) Remote SQL: SELECT r3."C 1" FROM ("S 1"."T 1" r2 INNER JOIN "S 1"."T 1" r3 ON (((r3."C 1" = r2."C 1") -> Index Only Scan using t1_pkey on "S 1"."T 1" t1 Output: t1."C 1" (12 rows) SELECT t1."C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1 left join ft1 t2 join ft2 t3 on (t2.c1 = t3.c1) on (t3.c1 = t1."C 1 C 1 ----- 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 (10 rows) -- Test similar to above, except that the full join prevents any equivalence -- classes from being merged. This produces single relation equivalence classes -- included in join restrictions. EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1."C 1", t2.c1, t3.c1 FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1 left join ft1 t2 full join ft2 t3 on (t2.c1 = t3.c1 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit Output: t1."C 1", t2.c1, t3.c1 -> Merge Right Join Output: t1."C 1", t2.c1, t3.c1 Inner Unique: true Merge Cond: (t3.c1 = t1."C 1") -> Foreign Scan Output: t3.c1, t2.c1 Relations: (public.ft2 t3) LEFT JOIN (public.ft1 t2) Remote SQL: SELECT r3."C 1", r2."C 1" FROM ("S 1"."T 1" r3 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 1" r2 ON (((r2."C 1" = r -> Index Only Scan using t1_pkey on "S 1"."T 1" t1 Output: t1."C 1" (12 rows) SELECT t1."C 1", t2.c1, t3.c1 FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1 left join ft1 t2 full join ft2 t3 on (t2.c1 = t3.c1 C 1 | c1 | c1 -----+-----+----- 101 | 101 | 101 102 | 102 | 102 103 | 103 | 103 104 | 104 | 104 105 | 105 | 105 106 | 106 | 106 107 | 107 | 107 108 | 108 | 108 109 | 109 | 109 110 | 110 | 110 (10 rows) -- Test similar to above with all full outer joins EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1."C 1", t2.c1, t3.c1 FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1 full join ft1 t2 full join ft2 t3 on (t2.c1 = t3.c1 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit Output: t1."C 1", t2.c1, t3.c1 -> Merge Full Join Output: t1."C 1", t2.c1, t3.c1 Inner Unique: true Merge Cond: (t3.c1 = t1."C 1") -> Foreign Scan Output: t2.c1, t3.c1 Relations: (public.ft1 t2) FULL JOIN (public.ft2 t3) Remote SQL: SELECT r2."C 1", r3."C 1" FROM ("S 1"."T 1" r2 FULL JOIN "S 1"."T 1" r3 ON (((r2."C 1" = r -> Index Only Scan using t1_pkey on "S 1"."T 1" t1 Output: t1."C 1" (12 rows) SELECT t1."C 1", t2.c1, t3.c1 FROM "S 1"."T 1" t1 full join ft1 t2 full join ft2 t3 on (t2.c1 = t3.c1 C 1 | c1 | c1 -----+-----+----- 101 | 101 | 101 102 | 102 | 102 103 | 103 | 103 104 | 104 | 104 105 | 105 | 105 106 | 106 | 106 107 | 107 | 107 108 | 108 | 108 109 | 109 | 109 110 | 110 | 110 (10 rows) RESET enable_hashjoin; RESET enable_nestloop; -- Test executing assertion in estimate_path_cost_size() that makes sure that -- retrieved_rows for foreign rel re-used to cost pre-sorted foreign paths is -- a sensible value even when the rel has tuples=0 CREATE TABLE loct_empty (c1 int NOT NULL, c2 text); CREATE FOREIGN TABLE ft_empty (c1 int NOT NULL, c2 text) SERVER loopback OPTIONS (table_name 'loct_empty'); INSERT INTO loct_empty SELECT id, 'AAA' || to_char(id, 'FM000') FROM generate_series(1, 100) id; DELETE FROM loct_empty; ANALYZE ft_empty; EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft_empty ORDER BY c1; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft_empty Output: c1, c2 Remote SQL: SELECT c1, c2 FROM public.loct_empty ORDER BY c1 ASC NULLS LAST (3 rows) -- test restriction on non-system foreign tables. SET restrict_nonsystem_relation_kind TO 'foreign-table'; SELECT * from ft1 where c1 < 1; -- ERROR ERROR: access to non-system foreign table is restricted INSERT INTO ft1 (c1) VALUES (1); -- ERROR ERROR: access to non-system foreign table is restricted DELETE FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = 1; -- ERROR ERROR: access to non-system foreign table is restricted TRUNCATE ft1; -- ERROR ERROR: access to non-system foreign table is restricted RESET restrict_nonsystem_relation_kind; -- =================================================================== -- WHERE with remotely-executable conditions -- =================================================================== EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = 1; -- Var, OpExpr(b), Const QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = 1)) (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = 100 AND t1.c2 = 0; -- BoolExpr QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = 100)) AND ((c2 = 0 (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c3 IS NULL; -- NullTest QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((c3 IS NULL)) (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c3 IS NOT NULL; -- NullTest QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((c3 IS NOT NULL)) (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE round(abs(c1), 0) = 1; -- FuncExpr QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((round(abs("C 1"), 0) = (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = -c1; -- OpExpr(l) QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = (- "C 1"))) (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE (c1 IS NOT NULL) IS DISTINCT FROM (c1 IS NO QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((("C 1" IS NOT NULL) IS DI (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = ANY(ARRAY[c2, 1, c1 + 0]); -- ScalarA QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = ANY (ARRAY[c2, 1 (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c1 = (ARRAY[c1,c2,3])[1]; -- Subscript QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = ((ARRAY["C 1", c (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c6 = E'foo''s\\bar'; -- check special ch QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((c6 = E'foo''s\\bar')) (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE c8 = 'foo'; -- can't be sent to remote QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Filter: (t1.c8 = 'foo'::user_enum) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" (4 rows) -- parameterized remote path for foreign table EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM "S 1"."T 1" a, ft2 b WHERE a."C 1" = 47 AND b.c1 = a.c2; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nested Loop Output: a."C 1", a.c2, a.c3, a.c4, a.c5, a.c6, a.c7, a.c8, b.c1, b.c2, b.c3, b.c4, b.c5, b.c6, b -> Index Scan using t1_pkey on "S 1"."T 1" a Output: a."C 1", a.c2, a.c3, a.c4, a.c5, a.c6, a.c7, a.c8 Index Cond: (a."C 1" = 47) -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 b Output: b.c1, b.c2, b.c3, b.c4, b.c5, b.c6, b.c7, b.c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = $1::integer)) (8 rows) SELECT * FROM "S 1"."T 1" a, ft2 b WHERE a."C 1" = 47 AND b.c1 = a.c2; C 1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 -----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+--- 47 | 7 | 00047 | Tue Feb 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Feb 17 00:00:00 1970 | 7 | 7 | foo | 7 | 7 | 00007 | Thu Jan (1 row) -- check both safe and unsafe join conditions EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft2 a, ft2 b WHERE a.c2 = 6 AND b.c1 = a.c1 AND a.c8 = 'foo' AND b.c7 = upper(a.c7); QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nested Loop Output: a.c1, a.c2, a.c3, a.c4, a.c5, a.c6, a.c7, a.c8, b.c1, b.c2, b.c3, b.c4, b.c5, b.c6, b.c -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 a Output: a.c1, a.c2, a.c3, a.c4, a.c5, a.c6, a.c7, a.c8 Filter: (a.c8 = 'foo'::user_enum) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((c2 = 6)) -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 b Output: b.c1, b.c2, b.c3, b.c4, b.c5, b.c6, b.c7, b.c8 Filter: ((b.c7)::text = upper((a.c7)::text)) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (($1::integer = "C 1")) (10 rows) SELECT * FROM ft2 a, ft2 b WHERE a.c2 = 6 AND b.c1 = a.c1 AND a.c8 = 'foo' AND b.c7 = upper(a.c7); c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 | c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 -----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+--- 6 | 6 | 00006 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 6 | 6 | 00006 | Wed Jan 0 16 | 6 | 00016 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 16 | 6 | 00016 | Sat Ja 26 | 6 | 00026 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 26 | 6 | 00026 | Tue Ja 36 | 6 | 00036 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 36 | 6 | 00036 | Fri Fe 46 | 6 | 00046 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 46 | 6 | 00046 | Mon Fe 56 | 6 | 00056 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 56 | 6 | 00056 | Thu Fe 66 | 6 | 00066 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 66 | 6 | 00066 | Sun Ma 76 | 6 | 00076 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 76 | 6 | 00076 | Wed Ma 86 | 6 | 00086 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 86 | 6 | 00086 | Sat Ma 96 | 6 | 00096 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 96 | 6 | 00096 | Tue Ap 106 | 6 | 00106 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 106 | 6 | 00106 | Wed 116 | 6 | 00116 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 116 | 6 | 00116 | Sat 126 | 6 | 00126 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 126 | 6 | 00126 | Tue 136 | 6 | 00136 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 136 | 6 | 00136 | Fri 146 | 6 | 00146 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 146 | 6 | 00146 | Mon 156 | 6 | 00156 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 156 | 6 | 00156 | Thu 166 | 6 | 00166 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 166 | 6 | 00166 | Sun 176 | 6 | 00176 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 176 | 6 | 00176 | Wed 186 | 6 | 00186 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 186 | 6 | 00186 | Sat 196 | 6 | 00196 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 196 | 6 | 00196 | Tue 206 | 6 | 00206 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 206 | 6 | 00206 | Wed 216 | 6 | 00216 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 216 | 6 | 00216 | Sat 226 | 6 | 00226 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 226 | 6 | 00226 | Tue 236 | 6 | 00236 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 236 | 6 | 00236 | Fri 246 | 6 | 00246 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 246 | 6 | 00246 | Mon 256 | 6 | 00256 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 256 | 6 | 00256 | Thu 266 | 6 | 00266 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 266 | 6 | 00266 | Sun 276 | 6 | 00276 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 276 | 6 | 00276 | Wed 286 | 6 | 00286 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 286 | 6 | 00286 | Sat 296 | 6 | 00296 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 296 | 6 | 00296 | Tue 306 | 6 | 00306 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 306 | 6 | 00306 | Wed 316 | 6 | 00316 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 316 | 6 | 00316 | Sat 326 | 6 | 00326 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 326 | 6 | 00326 | Tue 336 | 6 | 00336 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 336 | 6 | 00336 | Fri 346 | 6 | 00346 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 346 | 6 | 00346 | Mon 356 | 6 | 00356 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 356 | 6 | 00356 | Thu 366 | 6 | 00366 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 366 | 6 | 00366 | Sun 376 | 6 | 00376 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 376 | 6 | 00376 | Wed 386 | 6 | 00386 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 386 | 6 | 00386 | Sat 396 | 6 | 00396 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 396 | 6 | 00396 | Tue 406 | 6 | 00406 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 406 | 6 | 00406 | Wed 416 | 6 | 00416 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 416 | 6 | 00416 | Sat 426 | 6 | 00426 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 426 | 6 | 00426 | Tue 436 | 6 | 00436 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 436 | 6 | 00436 | Fri 446 | 6 | 00446 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 446 | 6 | 00446 | Mon 456 | 6 | 00456 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 456 | 6 | 00456 | Thu 466 | 6 | 00466 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 466 | 6 | 00466 | Sun 476 | 6 | 00476 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 476 | 6 | 00476 | Wed 486 | 6 | 00486 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 486 | 6 | 00486 | Sat 496 | 6 | 00496 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 496 | 6 | 00496 | Tue 506 | 6 | 00506 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 506 | 6 | 00506 | Wed 516 | 6 | 00516 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 516 | 6 | 00516 | Sat 526 | 6 | 00526 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 526 | 6 | 00526 | Tue 536 | 6 | 00536 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 536 | 6 | 00536 | Fri 546 | 6 | 00546 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 546 | 6 | 00546 | Mon 556 | 6 | 00556 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 556 | 6 | 00556 | Thu 566 | 6 | 00566 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 566 | 6 | 00566 | Sun 576 | 6 | 00576 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 576 | 6 | 00576 | Wed 586 | 6 | 00586 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 586 | 6 | 00586 | Sat 596 | 6 | 00596 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 596 | 6 | 00596 | Tue 606 | 6 | 00606 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 606 | 6 | 00606 | Wed 616 | 6 | 00616 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 616 | 6 | 00616 | Sat 626 | 6 | 00626 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 626 | 6 | 00626 | Tue 636 | 6 | 00636 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 636 | 6 | 00636 | Fri 646 | 6 | 00646 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 646 | 6 | 00646 | Mon 656 | 6 | 00656 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 656 | 6 | 00656 | Thu 666 | 6 | 00666 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 666 | 6 | 00666 | Sun 676 | 6 | 00676 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 676 | 6 | 00676 | Wed 686 | 6 | 00686 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 686 | 6 | 00686 | Sat 696 | 6 | 00696 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 696 | 6 | 00696 | Tue 706 | 6 | 00706 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 706 | 6 | 00706 | Wed 716 | 6 | 00716 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 716 | 6 | 00716 | Sat 726 | 6 | 00726 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 726 | 6 | 00726 | Tue 736 | 6 | 00736 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 736 | 6 | 00736 | Fri 746 | 6 | 00746 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 746 | 6 | 00746 | Mon 756 | 6 | 00756 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 756 | 6 | 00756 | Thu 766 | 6 | 00766 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 766 | 6 | 00766 | Sun 776 | 6 | 00776 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 776 | 6 | 00776 | Wed 786 | 6 | 00786 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 786 | 6 | 00786 | Sat 796 | 6 | 00796 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 796 | 6 | 00796 | Tue 806 | 6 | 00806 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 806 | 6 | 00806 | Wed 816 | 6 | 00816 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 816 | 6 | 00816 | Sat 826 | 6 | 00826 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 826 | 6 | 00826 | Tue 836 | 6 | 00836 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 836 | 6 | 00836 | Fri 846 | 6 | 00846 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 846 | 6 | 00846 | Mon 856 | 6 | 00856 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 856 | 6 | 00856 | Thu 866 | 6 | 00866 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 866 | 6 | 00866 | Sun 876 | 6 | 00876 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 876 | 6 | 00876 | Wed 886 | 6 | 00886 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 886 | 6 | 00886 | Sat 896 | 6 | 00896 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 896 | 6 | 00896 | Tue 906 | 6 | 00906 | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Jan 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 906 | 6 | 00906 | Wed 916 | 6 | 00916 | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 17 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 916 | 6 | 00916 | Sat 926 | 6 | 00926 | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Jan 27 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 926 | 6 | 00926 | Tue 936 | 6 | 00936 | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Feb 06 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 936 | 6 | 00936 | Fri 946 | 6 | 00946 | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Feb 16 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 946 | 6 | 00946 | Mon 956 | 6 | 00956 | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 PST | Thu Feb 26 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 956 | 6 | 00956 | Thu 966 | 6 | 00966 | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Mar 08 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 966 | 6 | 00966 | Sun 976 | 6 | 00976 | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 PST | Wed Mar 18 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 976 | 6 | 00976 | Wed 986 | 6 | 00986 | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Mar 28 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 986 | 6 | 00986 | Sat 996 | 6 | 00996 | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 PST | Tue Apr 07 00:00:00 1970 | 6 | 6 | foo | 996 | 6 | 00996 | Tue (100 rows) -- bug before 9.3.5 due to sloppy handling of remote-estimate parameters SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = ANY (ARRAY(SELECT c1 FROM ft2 WHERE c1 < 5)); c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 ----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+---- 1 | 1 | 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo 2 | 2 | 00002 | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 | 2 | 2 | foo 3 | 3 | 00003 | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 | 3 | 3 | foo 4 | 4 | 00004 | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 | 4 | 4 | foo (4 rows) SELECT * FROM ft2 WHERE c1 = ANY (ARRAY(SELECT c1 FROM ft1 WHERE c1 < 5)); c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 ----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+---- 1 | 1 | 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo 2 | 2 | 00002 | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sat Jan 03 00:00:00 1970 | 2 | 2 | foo 3 | 3 | 00003 | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 PST | Sun Jan 04 00:00:00 1970 | 3 | 3 | foo 4 | 4 | 00004 | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 PST | Mon Jan 05 00:00:00 1970 | 4 | 4 | foo (4 rows) -- user-defined operator/function CREATE FUNCTION postgres_fdw_abs(int) RETURNS int AS $$ BEGIN RETURN abs($1); END $$ LANGUAGE plpgsql IMMUTABLE; CREATE OPERATOR === ( LEFTARG = int, RIGHTARG = int, PROCEDURE = int4eq, COMMUTATOR = === ); -- built-in operators and functions can be shipped for remote execution EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = abs(t1.c2); QUERY PLAN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: (count(c3)) Relations: Aggregate on (public.ft1 t1) Remote SQL: SELECT count(c3) FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = abs(c2))) (4 rows) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = abs(t1.c2); count ------- 9 (1 row) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = t1.c2; QUERY PLAN ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: (count(c3)) Relations: Aggregate on (public.ft1 t1) Remote SQL: SELECT count(c3) FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = c2)) (4 rows) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = t1.c2; count ------- 9 (1 row) -- by default, user-defined ones cannot EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2); QUERY PLAN ----------------------------------------------------------- Aggregate Output: count(c3) -> Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c3 Filter: (t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2)) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3 FROM "S 1"."T 1" (6 rows) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2); count ------- 9 (1 row) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2; QUERY PLAN ----------------------------------------------------------- Aggregate Output: count(c3) -> Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c3 Filter: (t1.c1 === t1.c2) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3 FROM "S 1"."T 1" (6 rows) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2; count ------- 9 (1 row) -- ORDER BY can be shipped, though EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2 order by t1.c2 limit 1; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 -> Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Filter: (t1.c1 === t1.c2) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" ORDER BY c2 ASC NULLS LAST (6 rows) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2 order by t1.c2 limit 1; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 ----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+---- 1 | 1 | 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo (1 row) -- but let's put them in an extension ... ALTER EXTENSION postgres_fdw ADD FUNCTION postgres_fdw_abs(int); ALTER EXTENSION postgres_fdw ADD OPERATOR === (int, int); ALTER SERVER loopback OPTIONS (ADD extensions 'postgres_fdw'); -- ... now they can be shipped EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2); QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: (count(c3)) Relations: Aggregate on (public.ft1 t1) Remote SQL: SELECT count(c3) FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = public.postgres_fdw_abs(c2))) (4 rows) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 = postgres_fdw_abs(t1.c2); count ------- 9 (1 row) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: (count(c3)) Relations: Aggregate on (public.ft1 t1) Remote SQL: SELECT count(c3) FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" OPERATOR(public.===) c2)) (4 rows) SELECT count(c3) FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2; count ------- 9 (1 row) -- and both ORDER BY and LIMIT can be shipped EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2 order by t1.c2 limit 1; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" OPERATOR(public (3 rows) SELECT * FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 === t1.c2 order by t1.c2 limit 1; c1 | c2 | c3 | c4 | c5 | c6 | c7 | c8 ----+----+-------+------------------------------+--------------------------+---- 1 | 1 | 00001 | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 PST | Fri Jan 02 00:00:00 1970 | 1 | 1 | foo (1 row) -- Ensure we don't ship FETCH FIRST .. WITH TIES EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c2 FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 > 960 ORDER BY t1.c2 FETCH FIRST 2 ROWS WITH TIES; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Limit Output: c2 -> Foreign Scan on public.ft1 t1 Output: c2 Remote SQL: SELECT c2 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" > 960)) ORDER BY c2 ASC NULLS LAST (5 rows) SELECT t1.c2 FROM ft1 t1 WHERE t1.c1 > 960 ORDER BY t1.c2 FETCH FIRST 2 ROWS WITH TIES; c2 ---- 0 0 0 0 (4 rows) -- Test CASE pushdown EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT c1,c2,c3 FROM ft2 WHERE CASE WHEN c1 > 990 THEN c1 END < 1000 ORDER BY c1; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft2 Output: c1, c2, c3 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (((CASE WHEN ("C 1" > 990) THEN "C 1" ELSE NULL (3 rows) SELECT c1,c2,c3 FROM ft2 WHERE CASE WHEN c1 > 990 THEN c1 END < 1000 ORDER BY c1; c1 | c2 | c3 -----+----+------- 991 | 1 | 00991 992 | 2 | 00992 993 | 3 | 00993 994 | 4 | 00994 995 | 5 | 00995 996 | 6 | 00996 997 | 7 | 00997 998 | 8 | 00998 999 | 9 | 00999 (9 rows) -- Nested CASE EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT c1,c2,c3 FROM ft2 WHERE CASE CASE WHEN c2 > 0 THEN c2 END WHEN 100 THEN 601 WHEN c2 THEN c2 ELSE QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft2 Output: c1, c2, c3 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (((CASE (CASE WHEN (c2 > 0) THEN c2 ELSE NULL: (3 rows) SELECT c1,c2,c3 FROM ft2 WHERE CASE CASE WHEN c2 > 0 THEN c2 END WHEN 100 THEN 601 WHEN c2 THEN c2 ELSE c1 | c2 | c3 ----+----+---- (0 rows) -- CASE arg WHEN EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE c1 > (CASE mod(c1, 4) WHEN 0 THEN 1 WHEN 2 THEN 50 ELSE 100 END); QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" > (CASE mod("C 1", 4 (3 rows) -- CASE cannot be pushed down because of unshippable arg clause EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE c1 > (CASE random()::integer WHEN 0 THEN 1 WHEN 2 THEN 50 ELSE 100 END); QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Filter: (ft1.c1 > CASE (random())::integer WHEN 0 THEN 1 WHEN 2 THEN 50 ELSE 100 END) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" (4 rows) -- these are shippable EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE CASE c6 WHEN 'foo' THEN true ELSE c3 < 'bar' END; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((CASE c6 WHEN 'foo'::te (3 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE CASE c3 WHEN c6 THEN true ELSE c3 < 'bar' END; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE ((CASE c3 WHEN c6 THEN tru (3 rows) -- but this is not because of collation EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft1 WHERE CASE c3 COLLATE "C" WHEN c6 THEN true ELSE c3 < 'bar' END; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 Filter: CASE (ft1.c3)::text WHEN ft1.c6 THEN true ELSE (ft1.c3 < 'bar'::text) END Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" (4 rows) -- a regconfig constant referring to this text search configuration -- is initially unshippable CREATE TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION public.custom_search (COPY = pg_catalog.english); EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT c1, to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3) FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = 642 AND length(to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3)) > 0; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: c1, to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3) Filter: (length(to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, ft1.c3)) > 0) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c3 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = 642)) (4 rows) SELECT c1, to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3) FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = 642 AND length(to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3)) > 0; c1 | to_tsvector -----+------------- 642 | '00642':1 (1 row) -- but if it's in a shippable extension, it can be shipped ALTER EXTENSION postgres_fdw ADD TEXT SEARCH CONFIGURATION public.custom_search; -- however, that doesn't flush the shippability cache, so do a quick reconnect \c - EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT c1, to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3) FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = 642 AND length(to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3)) > 0; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: c1, to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3) Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c3 FROM "S 1"."T 1" WHERE (("C 1" = 642)) AND ((length(to_tsvector('pu (3 rows) SELECT c1, to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3) FROM ft1 WHERE c1 = 642 AND length(to_tsvector('custom_search'::regconfig, c3)) > 0; c1 | to_tsvector -----+------------- 642 | '00642':1 (1 row) -- =================================================================== -- ORDER BY queries -- =================================================================== -- we should not push order by clause with volatile expressions or unsafe -- collations EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft2 ORDER BY ft2.c1, random(); QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, (random()) Sort Key: ft2.c1, (random()) -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, random() Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" (6 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ft2 ORDER BY ft2.c1, ft2.c3 collate "C"; QUERY PLAN ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sort Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, ((c3)::text) Sort Key: ft2.c1, ft2.c3 COLLATE "C" -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 Output: c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8, c3 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1", c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7, c8 FROM "S 1"."T 1" (6 rows) -- Ensure we don't push ORDER BY expressions which are Consts at the UNION -- child level to the foreign server. EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ( SELECT 1 AS type,c1 FROM ft1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 AS type,c1 FROM ft2 ) a ORDER BY type,c1; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Merge Append Sort Key: (1), ft1.c1 -> Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: 1, ft1.c1 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" ORDER BY "C 1" ASC NULLS LAST -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 Output: 2, ft2.c1 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" ORDER BY "C 1" ASC NULLS LAST (8 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT * FROM ( SELECT 1 AS type,c1 FROM ft1 UNION ALL SELECT 2 AS type,c1 FROM ft2 ) a ORDER BY type; QUERY PLAN --------------------------------------------------- Merge Append Sort Key: (1) -> Foreign Scan on public.ft1 Output: 1, ft1.c1 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" -> Foreign Scan on public.ft2 Output: 2, ft2.c1 Remote SQL: SELECT "C 1" FROM "S 1"."T 1" (8 rows) -- =================================================================== -- JOIN queries -- =================================================================== -- Analyze ft4 and ft5 so that we have better statistics. These tables do not -- have use_remote_estimate set. ANALYZE ft4; ANALYZE ft5; -- join two tables EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIM QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t2.c1, t1.c3 Relations: (public.ft1 t1) INNER JOIN (public.ft2 t2) Remote SQL: SELECT r1."C 1", r2."C 1", r1.c3 FROM ("S 1"."T 1" r1 INNER JOIN "S 1"."T 1" r2 ON (((r2 (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c3, t1.c1 OFFSET 100 LIM c1 | c1 -----+----- 101 | 101 102 | 102 103 | 103 104 | 104 105 | 105 106 | 106 107 | 107 108 | 108 109 | 109 110 | 110 (10 rows) -- join three tables EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) JOIN ft4 t3 ON (t3.c1 = t1.c1) QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3, t1.c3 Relations: ((public.ft1 t1) INNER JOIN (public.ft2 t2)) INNER JOIN (public.ft4 t3) Remote SQL: SELECT r1."C 1", r2.c2, r4.c3, r1.c3 FROM (("S 1"."T 1" r1 INNER JOIN "S 1"."T 1" r2 ON (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 FROM ft1 t1 JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) JOIN ft4 t3 ON (t3.c1 = t1.c1) c1 | c2 | c3 ----+----+-------- 22 | 2 | AAA022 24 | 4 | AAA024 26 | 6 | AAA026 28 | 8 | AAA028 30 | 0 | AAA030 32 | 2 | AAA032 34 | 4 | AAA034 36 | 6 | AAA036 38 | 8 | AAA038 40 | 0 | AAA040 (10 rows) -- left outer join EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 10 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t2.c1 Relations: (public.ft4 t1) LEFT JOIN (public.ft5 t2) Remote SQL: SELECT r1.c1, r2.c1 FROM ("S 1"."T 3" r1 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 4" r2 ON (((r1.c1 = r2.c1)) (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 10 c1 | c1 ----+---- 22 | 24 | 24 26 | 28 | 30 | 30 32 | 34 | 36 | 36 38 | 40 | (10 rows) -- left outer join three tables EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 FROM ft2 t1 LEFT JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) LEFT JOIN ft4 t3 ON (t2.c QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 Relations: ((public.ft2 t1) LEFT JOIN (public.ft2 t2)) LEFT JOIN (public.ft4 t3) Remote SQL: SELECT r1."C 1", r2.c2, r4.c3 FROM (("S 1"."T 1" r1 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 1" r2 ON (((r1." (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 FROM ft2 t1 LEFT JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) LEFT JOIN ft4 t3 ON (t2.c c1 | c2 | c3 ----+----+-------- 11 | 1 | 12 | 2 | AAA012 13 | 3 | 14 | 4 | AAA014 15 | 5 | 16 | 6 | AAA016 17 | 7 | 18 | 8 | AAA018 19 | 9 | 20 | 0 | AAA020 (10 rows) -- left outer join + placement of clauses. -- clauses within the nullable side are not pulled up, but top level clause on -- non-nullable side is pushed into non-nullable side EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t1.c2, t2.c1, t2.c2 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM ft5 WHERE c1 < 10) t2 ON (t1.c QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t1.c2, ft5.c1, ft5.c2 Relations: (public.ft4 t1) LEFT JOIN (public.ft5) Remote SQL: SELECT r1.c1, r1.c2, r4.c1, r4.c2 FROM ("S 1"."T 3" r1 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 4" r4 ON (((r (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t1.c2, t2.c1, t2.c2 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM ft5 WHERE c1 < 10) t2 ON (t1.c c1 | c2 | c1 | c2 ----+----+----+---- 2 | 3 | | 4 | 5 | | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 8 | 9 | | (4 rows) -- clauses within the nullable side are not pulled up, but the top level clause -- on nullable side is not pushed down into nullable side EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t1.c2, t2.c1, t2.c2 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM ft5 WHERE c1 < 10) t2 ON (t1.c WHERE (t2.c1 < 10 OR t2.c1 IS NULL) AND t1.c1 < 10; QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t1.c2, ft5.c1, ft5.c2 Relations: (public.ft4 t1) LEFT JOIN (public.ft5) Remote SQL: SELECT r1.c1, r1.c2, r4.c1, r4.c2 FROM ("S 1"."T 3" r1 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 4" r4 ON (((r (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t1.c2, t2.c1, t2.c2 FROM ft4 t1 LEFT JOIN (SELECT * FROM ft5 WHERE c1 < 10) t2 ON (t1.c WHERE (t2.c1 < 10 OR t2.c1 IS NULL) AND t1.c1 < 10; c1 | c2 | c1 | c2 ----+----+----+---- 2 | 3 | | 4 | 5 | | 6 | 7 | 6 | 7 8 | 9 | | (4 rows) -- right outer join EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft5 t1 RIGHT JOIN ft4 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t2.c1, t1.c1 OFFSET 1 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t2.c1 Relations: (public.ft4 t2) LEFT JOIN (public.ft5 t1) Remote SQL: SELECT r1.c1, r2.c1 FROM ("S 1"."T 3" r2 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 4" r1 ON (((r1.c1 = r2.c1)) (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft5 t1 RIGHT JOIN ft4 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t2.c1, t1.c1 OFFSET 1 c1 | c1 ----+---- | 22 24 | 24 | 26 | 28 30 | 30 | 32 | 34 36 | 36 | 38 | 40 (10 rows) -- right outer join three tables EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 FROM ft2 t1 RIGHT JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) RIGHT JOIN ft4 t3 ON (t2 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 Relations: ((public.ft4 t3) LEFT JOIN (public.ft2 t2)) LEFT JOIN (public.ft2 t1) Remote SQL: SELECT r1."C 1", r2.c2, r4.c3 FROM (("S 1"."T 3" r4 LEFT JOIN "S 1"."T 1" r2 ON (((r2." (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c2, t3.c3 FROM ft2 t1 RIGHT JOIN ft2 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) RIGHT JOIN ft4 t3 ON (t2 c1 | c2 | c3 ----+----+-------- 22 | 2 | AAA022 24 | 4 | AAA024 26 | 6 | AAA026 28 | 8 | AAA028 30 | 0 | AAA030 32 | 2 | AAA032 34 | 4 | AAA034 36 | 6 | AAA036 38 | 8 | AAA038 40 | 0 | AAA040 (10 rows) -- full outer join EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 FULL JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 45 QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: t1.c1, t2.c1 Relations: (public.ft4 t1) FULL JOIN (public.ft5 t2) Remote SQL: SELECT r1.c1, r2.c1 FROM ("S 1"."T 3" r1 FULL JOIN "S 1"."T 4" r2 ON (((r1.c1 = r2.c1)) (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM ft4 t1 FULL JOIN ft5 t2 ON (t1.c1 = t2.c1) ORDER BY t1.c1, t2.c1 OFFSET 45 c1 | c1 -----+---- 92 | 94 | 96 | 96 98 | 100 | | 3 | 9 | 15 | 21 | 27 (10 rows) -- full outer join with restrictions on the joining relations -- a. the joining relations are both base relations EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM (SELECT c1 FROM ft4 WHERE c1 between 50 and 60) t1 FULL JOIN (SELECT c1 FR QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: ft4.c1, ft5.c1 Relations: (public.ft4) FULL JOIN (public.ft5) Remote SQL: SELECT s4.c1, s5.c1 FROM ((SELECT c1 FROM "S 1"."T 3" WHERE ((c1 >= 50)) AND ((c1 <= 60)) (4 rows) SELECT t1.c1, t2.c1 FROM (SELECT c1 FROM ft4 WHERE c1 between 50 and 60) t1 FULL JOIN (SELECT c1 FR c1 | c1 ----+---- 50 | 52 | 54 | 54 56 | 58 | 60 | 60 | 51 | 57 (8 rows) EXPLAIN (VERBOSE, COSTS OFF) SELECT 1 FROM (SELECT c1 FROM ft4 WHERE c1 between 50 and 60) t1 FULL JOIN (SELECT c1 FROM ft5 WHERE QUERY PLAN -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Foreign Scan Output: 1 Relations: (public.ft4) FULL JOIN (public.ft5) Remote SQL: SELECT NULL FROM ((SELECT NULL FROM "S 1"."T 3" WHERE ((c1 >= 50)) AND ((c1 <= 60))) s4 FU |