/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*
* joinrels . c
* Routines to determine which relations should be joined
*
* Portions Copyright ( c ) 1996 - 2025 , PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright ( c ) 1994 , Regents of the University of California
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
* src / backend / optimizer / path / joinrels . c
*
* - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
*/
#include "postgres.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "optimizer/appendinfo.h"
#include "optimizer/joininfo.h"
#include "optimizer/pathnode.h"
#include "optimizer/paths.h"
#include "partitioning/partbounds.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"
static void make_rels_by_clause_joins(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *old_rel,
List *other_rels,
int first_rel_idx);
static void make_rels_by_clauseless_joins(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *old_rel,
List *other_rels);
static bool has_join_restriction(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel);
static bool has_legal_joinclause(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel);
static bool restriction_is_constant_false(List *restrictlist,
RelOptInfo *joinrel,
bool only_pushed_down);
static void populate_joinrel_with_paths(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel1,
RelOptInfo *rel2, RelOptInfo *joinrel,
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo, List *restrictlist);
static void try_partitionwise_join(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel1,
RelOptInfo *rel2, RelOptInfo *joinrel,
SpecialJoinInfo *parent_sjinfo,
List *parent_restrictlist);
static SpecialJoinInfo *build_child_join_sjinfo(PlannerInfo *root,
SpecialJoinInfo *parent_sjinfo,
Relids left_relids, Relids right_relids);
static void free_child_join_sjinfo(SpecialJoinInfo *child_sjinfo,
SpecialJoinInfo *parent_sjinfo);
static void compute_partition_bounds(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel1,
RelOptInfo *rel2, RelOptInfo *joinrel,
SpecialJoinInfo *parent_sjinfo,
List **parts1, List **parts2);
static void get_matching_part_pairs(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *joinrel,
RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2,
List **parts1, List **parts2);
/*
* join_search_one_level
* Consider ways to produce join relations containing exactly ' level '
* jointree items . ( This is one step of the dynamic - programming method
* embodied in standard_join_search . ) Join rel nodes for each feasible
* combination of lower - level rels are created and returned in a list .
* Implementation paths are created for each such joinrel , too .
*
* level : level of rels we want to make this time
* root - > join_rel_level [ j ] , 1 < = j < level , is a list of rels containing j items
*
* The result is returned in root - > join_rel_level [ level ] .
*/
void
join_search_one_level(PlannerInfo *root, int level)
{
List **joinrels = root->join_rel_level;
ListCell *r;
int k;
Assert(joinrels[level] == NIL);
/* Set join_cur_level so that new joinrels are added to proper list */
root->join_cur_level = level;
/*
* First , consider left - sided and right - sided plans , in which rels of
* exactly level - 1 member relations are joined against initial relations .
* We prefer to join using join clauses , but if we find a rel of level - 1
* members that has no join clauses , we will generate Cartesian - product
* joins against all initial rels not already contained in it .
*/
foreach(r, joinrels[level - 1 ])
{
RelOptInfo *old_rel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(r);
if (old_rel->joininfo != NIL || old_rel->has_eclass_joins ||
has_join_restriction(root, old_rel))
{
int first_rel;
/*
* There are join clauses or join order restrictions relevant to
* this rel , so consider joins between this rel and ( only ) those
* initial rels it is linked to by a clause or restriction .
*
* At level 2 this condition is symmetric , so there is no need to
* look at initial rels before this one in the list ; we already
* considered such joins when we were at the earlier rel . ( The
* mirror - image joins are handled automatically by make_join_rel . )
* In later passes ( level > 2 ) , we join rels of the previous level
* to each initial rel they don ' t already include but have a join
* clause or restriction with .
*/
if (level == 2 ) /* consider remaining initial rels */
first_rel = foreach_current_index(r) + 1 ;
else
first_rel = 0 ;
make_rels_by_clause_joins(root, old_rel, joinrels[1 ], first_rel);
}
else
{
/*
* Oops , we have a relation that is not joined to any other
* relation , either directly or by join - order restrictions .
* Cartesian product time .
*
* We consider a cartesian product with each not - already - included
* initial rel , whether it has other join clauses or not . At
* level 2 , if there are two or more clauseless initial rels , we
* will redundantly consider joining them in both directions ; but
* such cases aren ' t common enough to justify adding complexity to
* avoid the duplicated effort .
*/
make_rels_by_clauseless_joins(root,
old_rel,
joinrels[1 ]);
}
}
/*
* Now , consider " bushy plans " in which relations of k initial rels are
* joined to relations of level - k initial rels , for 2 < = k < = level - 2 .
*
* We only consider bushy - plan joins for pairs of rels where there is a
* suitable join clause ( or join order restriction ) , in order to avoid
* unreasonable growth of planning time .
*/
for (k = 2 ;; k++)
{
int other_level = level - k;
/*
* Since make_join_rel ( x , y ) handles both x , y and y , x cases , we only
* need to go as far as the halfway point .
*/
if (k > other_level)
break ;
foreach(r, joinrels[k])
{
RelOptInfo *old_rel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(r);
int first_rel;
ListCell *r2;
/*
* We can ignore relations without join clauses here , unless they
* participate in join - order restrictions - - - then we might have
* to force a bushy join plan .
*/
if (old_rel->joininfo == NIL && !old_rel->has_eclass_joins &&
!has_join_restriction(root, old_rel))
continue ;
if (k == other_level) /* only consider remaining rels */
first_rel = foreach_current_index(r) + 1 ;
else
first_rel = 0 ;
for_each_from(r2, joinrels[other_level], first_rel)
{
RelOptInfo *new_rel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(r2);
if (!bms_overlap(old_rel->relids, new_rel->relids))
{
/*
* OK , we can build a rel of the right level from this
* pair of rels . Do so if there is at least one relevant
* join clause or join order restriction .
*/
if (have_relevant_joinclause(root, old_rel, new_rel) ||
have_join_order_restriction(root, old_rel, new_rel))
{
(void ) make_join_rel(root, old_rel, new_rel);
}
}
}
}
}
/*----------
* Last - ditch effort : if we failed to find any usable joins so far , force
* a set of cartesian - product joins to be generated . This handles the
* special case where all the available rels have join clauses but we
* cannot use any of those clauses yet . This can only happen when we are
* considering a join sub - problem ( a sub - joinlist ) and all the rels in the
* sub - problem have only join clauses with rels outside the sub - problem .
* An example is
*
* SELECT . . . FROM a INNER JOIN b ON TRUE , c , d , . . .
* WHERE a . w = c . x and b . y = d . z ;
*
* If the " a INNER JOIN b " sub - problem does not get flattened into the
* upper level , we must be willing to make a cartesian join of a and b ;
* but the code above will not have done so , because it thought that both
* a and b have joinclauses . We consider only left - sided and right - sided
* cartesian joins in this case ( no bushy ) .
* - - - - - - - - - -
*/
if (joinrels[level] == NIL)
{
/*
* This loop is just like the first one , except we always call
* make_rels_by_clauseless_joins ( ) .
*/
foreach(r, joinrels[level - 1 ])
{
RelOptInfo *old_rel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(r);
make_rels_by_clauseless_joins(root,
old_rel,
joinrels[1 ]);
}
/*----------
* When special joins are involved , there may be no legal way
* to make an N - way join for some values of N . For example consider
*
* SELECT . . . FROM t1 WHERE
* x IN ( SELECT . . . FROM t2 , t3 WHERE . . . ) AND
* y IN ( SELECT . . . FROM t4 , t5 WHERE . . . )
*
* We will flatten this query to a 5 - way join problem , but there are
* no 4 - way joins that join_is_legal ( ) will consider legal . We have
* to accept failure at level 4 and go on to discover a workable
* bushy plan at level 5 .
*
* However , if there are no special joins and no lateral references
* then join_is_legal ( ) should never fail , and so the following sanity
* check is useful .
* - - - - - - - - - -
*/
if (joinrels[level] == NIL &&
root->join_info_list == NIL &&
!root->hasLateralRTEs)
elog(ERROR, "failed to build any %d-way joins" , level);
}
}
/*
* make_rels_by_clause_joins
* Build joins between the given relation ' old_rel ' and other relations
* that participate in join clauses that ' old_rel ' also participates in
* ( or participate in join - order restrictions with it ) .
* The join rels are returned in root - > join_rel_level [ join_cur_level ] .
*
* Note : at levels above 2 we will generate the same joined relation in
* multiple ways - - - for example ( a join b ) join c is the same RelOptInfo as
* ( b join c ) join a , though the second case will add a different set of Paths
* to it . This is the reason for using the join_rel_level mechanism , which
* automatically ensures that each new joinrel is only added to the list once .
*
* ' old_rel ' is the relation entry for the relation to be joined
* ' other_rels ' : a list containing the other rels to be considered for joining
* ' first_rel_idx ' : the first rel to be considered in ' other_rels '
*
* Currently , this is only used with initial rels in other_rels , but it
* will work for joining to joinrels too .
*/
static void
make_rels_by_clause_joins(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *old_rel,
List *other_rels,
int first_rel_idx)
{
ListCell *l;
for_each_from(l, other_rels, first_rel_idx)
{
RelOptInfo *other_rel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(l);
if (!bms_overlap(old_rel->relids, other_rel->relids) &&
(have_relevant_joinclause(root, old_rel, other_rel) ||
have_join_order_restriction(root, old_rel, other_rel)))
{
(void ) make_join_rel(root, old_rel, other_rel);
}
}
}
/*
* make_rels_by_clauseless_joins
* Given a relation ' old_rel ' and a list of other relations
* ' other_rels ' , create a join relation between ' old_rel ' and each
* member of ' other_rels ' that isn ' t already included in ' old_rel ' .
* The join rels are returned in root - > join_rel_level [ join_cur_level ] .
*
* ' old_rel ' is the relation entry for the relation to be joined
* ' other_rels ' : a list containing the other rels to be considered for joining
*
* Currently , this is only used with initial rels in other_rels , but it would
* work for joining to joinrels too .
*/
static void
make_rels_by_clauseless_joins(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *old_rel,
List *other_rels)
{
ListCell *l;
foreach(l, other_rels)
{
RelOptInfo *other_rel = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(l);
if (!bms_overlap(other_rel->relids, old_rel->relids))
{
(void ) make_join_rel(root, old_rel, other_rel);
}
}
}
/*
* join_is_legal
* Determine whether a proposed join is legal given the query ' s
* join order constraints ; and if it is , determine the join type .
*
* Caller must supply not only the two rels , but the union of their relids .
* ( We could simplify the API by computing joinrelids locally , but this
* would be redundant work in the normal path through make_join_rel .
* Note that this value does NOT include the RT index of any outer join that
* might need to be performed here , so it ' s not the canonical identifier
* of the join relation . )
*
* On success , * sjinfo_p is set to NULL if this is to be a plain inner join ,
* else it ' s set to point to the associated SpecialJoinInfo node . Also ,
* * reversed_p is set true if the given relations need to be swapped to
* match the SpecialJoinInfo node .
*/
static bool
join_is_legal(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2,
Relids joinrelids,
SpecialJoinInfo **sjinfo_p, bool *reversed_p)
{
SpecialJoinInfo *match_sjinfo;
bool reversed;
bool unique_ified;
bool must_be_leftjoin;
ListCell *l;
/*
* Ensure output params are set on failure return . This is just to
* suppress uninitialized - variable warnings from overly anal compilers .
*/
*sjinfo_p = NULL;
*reversed_p = false ;
/*
* If we have any special joins , the proposed join might be illegal ; and
* in any case we have to determine its join type . Scan the join info
* list for matches and conflicts .
*/
match_sjinfo = NULL;
reversed = false ;
unique_ified = false ;
must_be_leftjoin = false ;
foreach(l, root->join_info_list)
{
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo = (SpecialJoinInfo *) lfirst(l);
/*
* This special join is not relevant unless its RHS overlaps the
* proposed join . ( Check this first as a fast path for dismissing
* most irrelevant SJs quickly . )
*/
if (!bms_overlap(sjinfo->min_righthand, joinrelids))
continue ;
/*
* Also , not relevant if proposed join is fully contained within RHS
* ( ie , we ' re still building up the RHS ) .
*/
if (bms_is_subset(joinrelids, sjinfo->min_righthand))
continue ;
/*
* Also , not relevant if SJ is already done within either input .
*/
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel1->relids) &&
bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel1->relids))
continue ;
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel2->relids) &&
bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel2->relids))
continue ;
/*
* If it ' s a semijoin and we already joined the RHS to any other rels
* within either input , then we must have unique - ified the RHS at that
* point ( see below ) . Therefore the semijoin is no longer relevant in
* this join path .
*/
if (sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_SEMI)
{
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->syn_righthand, rel1->relids) &&
!bms_equal(sjinfo->syn_righthand, rel1->relids))
continue ;
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->syn_righthand, rel2->relids) &&
!bms_equal(sjinfo->syn_righthand, rel2->relids))
continue ;
}
/*
* If one input contains min_lefthand and the other contains
* min_righthand , then we can perform the SJ at this join .
*
* Reject if we get matches to more than one SJ ; that implies we ' re
* considering something that ' s not really valid .
*/
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel1->relids) &&
bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel2->relids))
{
if (match_sjinfo)
return false ; /* invalid join path */
match_sjinfo = sjinfo;
reversed = false ;
}
else if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel2->relids) &&
bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel1->relids))
{
if (match_sjinfo)
return false ; /* invalid join path */
match_sjinfo = sjinfo;
reversed = true ;
}
else if (sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_SEMI &&
bms_equal(sjinfo->syn_righthand, rel2->relids) &&
create_unique_path(root, rel2, rel2->cheapest_total_path,
sjinfo) != NULL)
{
/*----------
* For a semijoin , we can join the RHS to anything else by
* unique - ifying the RHS ( if the RHS can be unique - ified ) .
* We will only get here if we have the full RHS but less
* than min_lefthand on the LHS .
*
* The reason to consider such a join path is exemplified by
* SELECT . . . FROM a , b WHERE ( a . x , b . y ) IN ( SELECT c1 , c2 FROM c )
* If we insist on doing this as a semijoin we will first have
* to form the cartesian product of A * B . But if we unique - ify
* C then the semijoin becomes a plain innerjoin and we can join
* in any order , eg C to A and then to B . When C is much smaller
* than A and B this can be a huge win . So we allow C to be
* joined to just A or just B here , and then make_join_rel has
* to handle the case properly .
*
* Note that actually we ' ll allow unique - ified C to be joined to
* some other relation D here , too . That is legal , if usually not
* very sane , and this routine is only concerned with legality not
* with whether the join is good strategy .
* - - - - - - - - - -
*/
if (match_sjinfo)
return false ; /* invalid join path */
match_sjinfo = sjinfo;
reversed = false ;
unique_ified = true ;
}
else if (sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_SEMI &&
bms_equal(sjinfo->syn_righthand, rel1->relids) &&
create_unique_path(root, rel1, rel1->cheapest_total_path,
sjinfo) != NULL)
{
/* Reversed semijoin case */
if (match_sjinfo)
return false ; /* invalid join path */
match_sjinfo = sjinfo;
reversed = true ;
unique_ified = true ;
}
else
{
/*
* Otherwise , the proposed join overlaps the RHS but isn ' t a valid
* implementation of this SJ . But don ' t panic quite yet : the RHS
* violation might have occurred previously , in one or both input
* relations , in which case we must have previously decided that
* it was OK to commute some other SJ with this one . If we need
* to perform this join to finish building up the RHS , rejecting
* it could lead to not finding any plan at all . ( This can occur
* because of the heuristics elsewhere in this file that postpone
* clauseless joins : we might not consider doing a clauseless join
* within the RHS until after we ' ve performed other , validly
* commutable SJs with one or both sides of the clauseless join . )
* This consideration boils down to the rule that if both inputs
* overlap the RHS , we can allow the join - - - they are either
* fully within the RHS , or represent previously - allowed joins to
* rels outside it .
*/
if (bms_overlap(rel1->relids, sjinfo->min_righthand) &&
bms_overlap(rel2->relids, sjinfo->min_righthand))
continue ; /* assume valid previous violation of RHS */
/*
* The proposed join could still be legal , but only if we ' re
* allowed to associate it into the RHS of this SJ . That means
* this SJ must be a LEFT join ( not SEMI or ANTI , and certainly
* not FULL ) and the proposed join must not overlap the LHS .
*/
if (sjinfo->jointype != JOIN_LEFT ||
bms_overlap(joinrelids, sjinfo->min_lefthand))
return false ; /* invalid join path */
/*
* To be valid , the proposed join must be a LEFT join ; otherwise
* it can ' t associate into this SJ ' s RHS . But we may not yet have
* found the SpecialJoinInfo matching the proposed join , so we
* can ' t test that yet . Remember the requirement for later .
*/
must_be_leftjoin = true ;
}
}
/*
* Fail if violated any SJ ' s RHS and didn ' t match to a LEFT SJ : the
* proposed join can ' t associate into an SJ ' s RHS .
*
* Also , fail if the proposed join ' s predicate isn ' t strict ; we ' re
* essentially checking to see if we can apply outer - join identity 3 , and
* that ' s a requirement . ( This check may be redundant with checks in
* make_outerjoininfo , but I ' m not quite sure , and it ' s cheap to test . )
*/
if (must_be_leftjoin &&
(match_sjinfo == NULL ||
match_sjinfo->jointype != JOIN_LEFT ||
!match_sjinfo->lhs_strict))
return false ; /* invalid join path */
/*
* We also have to check for constraints imposed by LATERAL references .
*/
if (root->hasLateralRTEs)
{
bool lateral_fwd;
bool lateral_rev;
Relids join_lateral_rels;
/*
* The proposed rels could each contain lateral references to the
* other , in which case the join is impossible . If there are lateral
* references in just one direction , then the join has to be done with
* a nestloop with the lateral referencer on the inside . If the join
* matches an SJ that cannot be implemented by such a nestloop , the
* join is impossible .
*
* Also , if the lateral reference is only indirect , we should reject
* the join ; whatever rel ( s ) the reference chain goes through must be
* joined to first .
*/
lateral_fwd = bms_overlap(rel1->relids, rel2->lateral_relids);
lateral_rev = bms_overlap(rel2->relids, rel1->lateral_relids);
if (lateral_fwd && lateral_rev)
return false ; /* have lateral refs in both directions */
if (lateral_fwd)
{
/* has to be implemented as nestloop with rel1 on left */
if (match_sjinfo &&
(reversed ||
unique_ified ||
match_sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_FULL))
return false ; /* not implementable as nestloop */
/* check there is a direct reference from rel2 to rel1 */
if (!bms_overlap(rel1->relids, rel2->direct_lateral_relids))
return false ; /* only indirect refs, so reject */
}
else if (lateral_rev)
{
/* has to be implemented as nestloop with rel2 on left */
if (match_sjinfo &&
(!reversed ||
unique_ified ||
match_sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_FULL))
return false ; /* not implementable as nestloop */
/* check there is a direct reference from rel1 to rel2 */
if (!bms_overlap(rel2->relids, rel1->direct_lateral_relids))
return false ; /* only indirect refs, so reject */
}
/*
* LATERAL references could also cause problems later on if we accept
* this join : if the join ' s minimum parameterization includes any rels
* that would have to be on the inside of an outer join with this join
* rel , then it ' s never going to be possible to build the complete
* query using this join . We should reject this join not only because
* it ' ll save work , but because if we don ' t , the clauseless - join
* heuristics might think that legality of this join means that some
* other join rel need not be formed , and that could lead to failure
* to find any plan at all . We have to consider not only rels that
* are directly on the inner side of an OJ with the joinrel , but also
* ones that are indirectly so , so search to find all such rels .
*/
join_lateral_rels = min_join_parameterization(root, joinrelids,
rel1, rel2);
if (join_lateral_rels)
{
Relids join_plus_rhs = bms_copy(joinrelids);
bool more;
do
{
more = false ;
foreach(l, root->join_info_list)
{
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo = (SpecialJoinInfo *) lfirst(l);
/* ignore full joins --- their ordering is predetermined */
if (sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_FULL)
continue ;
if (bms_overlap(sjinfo->min_lefthand, join_plus_rhs) &&
!bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, join_plus_rhs))
{
join_plus_rhs = bms_add_members(join_plus_rhs,
sjinfo->min_righthand);
more = true ;
}
}
} while (more);
if (bms_overlap(join_plus_rhs, join_lateral_rels))
return false ; /* will not be able to join to some RHS rel */
}
}
/* Otherwise, it's a valid join */
*sjinfo_p = match_sjinfo;
*reversed_p = reversed;
return true ;
}
/*
* init_dummy_sjinfo
* Populate the given SpecialJoinInfo for a plain inner join between the
* left and right relations specified by left_relids and right_relids
* respectively .
*
* Normally , an inner join does not have a SpecialJoinInfo node associated with
* it . But some functions involved in join planning require one containing at
* least the information of which relations are being joined . So we initialize
* that information here .
*/
void
init_dummy_sjinfo(SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo, Relids left_relids,
Relids right_relids)
{
sjinfo->type = T_SpecialJoinInfo;
sjinfo->min_lefthand = left_relids;
sjinfo->min_righthand = right_relids;
sjinfo->syn_lefthand = left_relids;
sjinfo->syn_righthand = right_relids;
sjinfo->jointype = JOIN_INNER;
sjinfo->ojrelid = 0 ;
sjinfo->commute_above_l = NULL;
sjinfo->commute_above_r = NULL;
sjinfo->commute_below_l = NULL;
sjinfo->commute_below_r = NULL;
/* we don't bother trying to make the remaining fields valid */
sjinfo->lhs_strict = false ;
sjinfo->semi_can_btree = false ;
sjinfo->semi_can_hash = false ;
sjinfo->semi_operators = NIL;
sjinfo->semi_rhs_exprs = NIL;
}
/*
* make_join_rel
* Find or create a join RelOptInfo that represents the join of
* the two given rels , and add to it path information for paths
* created with the two rels as outer and inner rel .
* ( The join rel may already contain paths generated from other
* pairs of rels that add up to the same set of base rels . )
*
* NB : will return NULL if attempted join is not valid . This can happen
* when working with outer joins , or with IN or EXISTS clauses that have been
* turned into joins .
*/
RelOptInfo *
make_join_rel(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2)
{
Relids joinrelids;
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo;
bool reversed;
List *pushed_down_joins = NIL;
SpecialJoinInfo sjinfo_data;
RelOptInfo *joinrel;
List *restrictlist;
/* We should never try to join two overlapping sets of rels. */
Assert(!bms_overlap(rel1->relids, rel2->relids));
/* Construct Relids set that identifies the joinrel (without OJ as yet). */
joinrelids = bms_union(rel1->relids, rel2->relids);
/* Check validity and determine join type. */
if (!join_is_legal(root, rel1, rel2, joinrelids,
&sjinfo, &reversed))
{
/* invalid join path */
bms_free(joinrelids);
return NULL;
}
/*
* Add outer join relid ( s ) to form the canonical relids . Any added outer
* joins besides sjinfo itself are appended to pushed_down_joins .
*/
joinrelids = add_outer_joins_to_relids(root, joinrelids, sjinfo,
&pushed_down_joins);
/* Swap rels if needed to match the join info. */
if (reversed)
{
RelOptInfo *trel = rel1;
rel1 = rel2;
rel2 = trel;
}
/*
* If it ' s a plain inner join , then we won ' t have found anything in
* join_info_list . Make up a SpecialJoinInfo so that selectivity
* estimation functions will know what ' s being joined .
*/
if (sjinfo == NULL)
{
sjinfo = &sjinfo_data;
init_dummy_sjinfo(sjinfo, rel1->relids, rel2->relids);
}
/*
* Find or build the join RelOptInfo , and compute the restrictlist that
* goes with this particular joining .
*/
joinrel = build_join_rel(root, joinrelids, rel1, rel2,
sjinfo, pushed_down_joins,
&restrictlist);
/*
* If we ' ve already proven this join is empty , we needn ' t consider any
* more paths for it .
*/
if (is_dummy_rel(joinrel))
{
bms_free(joinrelids);
return joinrel;
}
/* Add paths to the join relation. */
populate_joinrel_with_paths(root, rel1, rel2, joinrel, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
bms_free(joinrelids);
return joinrel;
}
/*
* add_outer_joins_to_relids
* Add relids to input_relids to represent any outer joins that will be
* calculated at this join .
*
* input_relids is the union of the relid sets of the two input relations .
* Note that we modify this in - place and return it ; caller must bms_copy ( )
* it first , if a separate value is desired .
*
* sjinfo represents the join being performed .
*
* If the current join completes the calculation of any outer joins that
* have been pushed down per outer - join identity 3 , those relids will be
* added to the result along with sjinfo ' s own relid . If pushed_down_joins
* is not NULL , then also the SpecialJoinInfos for such added outer joins will
* be appended to * pushed_down_joins ( so caller must initialize it to NIL ) .
*/
Relids
add_outer_joins_to_relids(PlannerInfo *root, Relids input_relids,
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo,
List **pushed_down_joins)
{
/* Nothing to do if this isn't an outer join with an assigned relid. */
if (sjinfo == NULL || sjinfo->ojrelid == 0 )
return input_relids;
/*
* If it ' s not a left join , we have no rules that would permit executing
* it in non - syntactic order , so just form the syntactic relid set . ( This
* is just a quick - exit test ; we ' d come to the same conclusion anyway ,
* since its commute_below_l and commute_above_l sets must be empty . )
*/
if (sjinfo->jointype != JOIN_LEFT)
return bms_add_member(input_relids, sjinfo->ojrelid);
/*
* We cannot add the OJ relid if this join has been pushed into the RHS of
* a syntactically - lower left join per OJ identity 3 . ( If it has , then we
* cannot claim that its outputs represent the final state of its RHS . )
* There will not be any other OJs that can be added either , so we ' re
* done .
*/
if (!bms_is_subset(sjinfo->commute_below_l, input_relids))
return input_relids;
/* OK to add OJ's own relid */
input_relids = bms_add_member(input_relids, sjinfo->ojrelid);
/*
* Contrariwise , if we are now forming the final result of such a commuted
* pair of OJs , it ' s time to add the relid ( s ) of the pushed - down join ( s ) .
* We can skip this if this join was never a candidate to be pushed up .
*/
if (sjinfo->commute_above_l)
{
Relids commute_above_rels = bms_copy(sjinfo->commute_above_l);
ListCell *lc;
/*
* The current join could complete the nulling of more than one
* pushed - down join , so we have to examine all the SpecialJoinInfos .
* Because join_info_list was built in bottom - up order , it ' s
* sufficient to traverse it once : an ojrelid we add in one loop
* iteration would not have affected decisions of earlier iterations .
*/
foreach(lc, root->join_info_list)
{
SpecialJoinInfo *othersj = (SpecialJoinInfo *) lfirst(lc);
if (othersj == sjinfo ||
othersj->ojrelid == 0 || othersj->jointype != JOIN_LEFT)
continue ; /* definitely not interesting */
if (!bms_is_member(othersj->ojrelid, commute_above_rels))
continue ;
/* Add it if not already present but conditions now satisfied */
if (!bms_is_member(othersj->ojrelid, input_relids) &&
bms_is_subset(othersj->min_lefthand, input_relids) &&
bms_is_subset(othersj->min_righthand, input_relids) &&
bms_is_subset(othersj->commute_below_l, input_relids))
{
input_relids = bms_add_member(input_relids, othersj->ojrelid);
/* report such pushed down outer joins, if asked */
if (pushed_down_joins != NULL)
*pushed_down_joins = lappend(*pushed_down_joins, othersj);
/*
* We must also check any joins that othersj potentially
* commutes with . They likewise must appear later in
* join_info_list than othersj itself , so we can visit them
* later in this loop .
*/
commute_above_rels = bms_add_members(commute_above_rels,
othersj->commute_above_l);
}
}
}
return input_relids;
}
/*
* populate_joinrel_with_paths
* Add paths to the given joinrel for given pair of joining relations . The
* SpecialJoinInfo provides details about the join and the restrictlist
* contains the join clauses and the other clauses applicable for given pair
* of the joining relations .
*/
static void
populate_joinrel_with_paths(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel1,
RelOptInfo *rel2, RelOptInfo *joinrel,
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo, List *restrictlist)
{
/*
* Consider paths using each rel as both outer and inner . Depending on
* the join type , a provably empty outer or inner rel might mean the join
* is provably empty too ; in which case throw away any previously computed
* paths and mark the join as dummy . ( We do it this way since it ' s
* conceivable that dummy - ness of a multi - element join might only be
* noticeable for certain construction paths . )
*
* Also , a provably constant - false join restriction typically means that
* we can skip evaluating one or both sides of the join . We do this by
* marking the appropriate rel as dummy . For outer joins , a
* constant - false restriction that is pushed down still means the whole
* join is dummy , while a non - pushed - down one means that no inner rows
* will join so we can treat the inner rel as dummy .
*
* We need only consider the jointypes that appear in join_info_list , plus
* JOIN_INNER .
*/
switch (sjinfo->jointype)
{
case JOIN_INNER:
if (is_dummy_rel(rel1) || is_dummy_rel(rel2) ||
restriction_is_constant_false(restrictlist, joinrel, false ))
{
mark_dummy_rel(joinrel);
break ;
}
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel1, rel2,
JOIN_INNER, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel2, rel1,
JOIN_INNER, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
break ;
case JOIN_LEFT:
if (is_dummy_rel(rel1) ||
restriction_is_constant_false(restrictlist, joinrel, true ))
{
mark_dummy_rel(joinrel);
break ;
}
if (restriction_is_constant_false(restrictlist, joinrel, false ) &&
bms_is_subset(rel2->relids, sjinfo->syn_righthand))
mark_dummy_rel(rel2);
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel1, rel2,
JOIN_LEFT, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel2, rel1,
JOIN_RIGHT, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
break ;
case JOIN_FULL:
if ((is_dummy_rel(rel1) && is_dummy_rel(rel2)) ||
restriction_is_constant_false(restrictlist, joinrel, true ))
{
mark_dummy_rel(joinrel);
break ;
}
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel1, rel2,
JOIN_FULL, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel2, rel1,
JOIN_FULL, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
/*
* If there are join quals that aren ' t mergeable or hashable , we
* may not be able to build any valid plan . Complain here so that
* we can give a somewhat - useful error message . ( Since we have no
* flexibility of planning for a full join , there ' s no chance of
* succeeding later with another pair of input rels . )
*/
if (joinrel->pathlist == NIL)
ereport(ERROR,
(errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
errmsg("FULL JOIN is only supported with merge-joinable or hash-joinable join conditions" )));
break ;
case JOIN_SEMI:
/*
* We might have a normal semijoin , or a case where we don ' t have
* enough rels to do the semijoin but can unique - ify the RHS and
* then do an innerjoin ( see comments in join_is_legal ) . In the
* latter case we can ' t apply JOIN_SEMI joining .
*/
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel1->relids) &&
bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel2->relids))
{
if (is_dummy_rel(rel1) || is_dummy_rel(rel2) ||
restriction_is_constant_false(restrictlist, joinrel, false ))
{
mark_dummy_rel(joinrel);
break ;
}
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel1, rel2,
JOIN_SEMI, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel2, rel1,
JOIN_RIGHT_SEMI, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
}
/*
* If we know how to unique - ify the RHS and one input rel is
* exactly the RHS ( not a superset ) we can consider unique - ifying
* it and then doing a regular join . ( The create_unique_path
* check here is probably redundant with what join_is_legal did ,
* but if so the check is cheap because it ' s cached . So test
* anyway to be sure . )
*/
if (bms_equal(sjinfo->syn_righthand, rel2->relids) &&
create_unique_path(root, rel2, rel2->cheapest_total_path,
sjinfo) != NULL)
{
if (is_dummy_rel(rel1) || is_dummy_rel(rel2) ||
restriction_is_constant_false(restrictlist, joinrel, false ))
{
mark_dummy_rel(joinrel);
break ;
}
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel1, rel2,
JOIN_UNIQUE_INNER, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel2, rel1,
JOIN_UNIQUE_OUTER, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
}
break ;
case JOIN_ANTI:
if (is_dummy_rel(rel1) ||
restriction_is_constant_false(restrictlist, joinrel, true ))
{
mark_dummy_rel(joinrel);
break ;
}
if (restriction_is_constant_false(restrictlist, joinrel, false ) &&
bms_is_subset(rel2->relids, sjinfo->syn_righthand))
mark_dummy_rel(rel2);
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel1, rel2,
JOIN_ANTI, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
add_paths_to_joinrel(root, joinrel, rel2, rel1,
JOIN_RIGHT_ANTI, sjinfo,
restrictlist);
break ;
default :
/* other values not expected here */
elog(ERROR, "unrecognized join type: %d" , (int ) sjinfo->jointype);
break ;
}
/* Apply partitionwise join technique, if possible. */
try_partitionwise_join(root, rel1, rel2, joinrel, sjinfo, restrictlist);
}
/*
* have_join_order_restriction
* Detect whether the two relations should be joined to satisfy
* a join - order restriction arising from special or lateral joins .
*
* In practice this is always used with have_relevant_joinclause ( ) , and so
* could be merged with that function , but it seems clearer to separate the
* two concerns . We need this test because there are degenerate cases where
* a clauseless join must be performed to satisfy join - order restrictions .
* Also , if one rel has a lateral reference to the other , or both are needed
* to compute some PHV , we should consider joining them even if the join would
* be clauseless .
*
* Note : this is only a problem if one side of a degenerate outer join
* contains multiple rels , or a clauseless join is required within an
* IN / EXISTS RHS ; else we will find a join path via the " last ditch " case in
* join_search_one_level ( ) . We could dispense with this test if we were
* willing to try bushy plans in the " last ditch " case , but that seems much
* less efficient .
*/
bool
have_join_order_restriction(PlannerInfo *root,
RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2)
{
bool result = false ;
ListCell *l;
/*
* If either side has a direct lateral reference to the other , attempt the
* join regardless of outer - join considerations .
*/
if (bms_overlap(rel1->relids, rel2->direct_lateral_relids) ||
bms_overlap(rel2->relids, rel1->direct_lateral_relids))
return true ;
/*
* Likewise , if both rels are needed to compute some PlaceHolderVar ,
* attempt the join regardless of outer - join considerations . ( This is not
* very desirable , because a PHV with a large eval_at set will cause a lot
* of probably - useless joins to be considered , but failing to do this can
* cause us to fail to construct a plan at all . )
*/
foreach(l, root->placeholder_list)
{
PlaceHolderInfo *phinfo = (PlaceHolderInfo *) lfirst(l);
if (bms_is_subset(rel1->relids, phinfo->ph_eval_at) &&
bms_is_subset(rel2->relids, phinfo->ph_eval_at))
return true ;
}
/*
* It ' s possible that the rels correspond to the left and right sides of a
* degenerate outer join , that is , one with no joinclause mentioning the
* non - nullable side ; in which case we should force the join to occur .
*
* Also , the two rels could represent a clauseless join that has to be
* completed to build up the LHS or RHS of an outer join .
*/
foreach(l, root->join_info_list)
{
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo = (SpecialJoinInfo *) lfirst(l);
/* ignore full joins --- other mechanisms handle them */
if (sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_FULL)
continue ;
/* Can we perform the SJ with these rels? */
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel1->relids) &&
bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel2->relids))
{
result = true ;
break ;
}
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel2->relids) &&
bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel1->relids))
{
result = true ;
break ;
}
/*
* Might we need to join these rels to complete the RHS ? We have to
* use " overlap " tests since either rel might include a lower SJ that
* has been proven to commute with this one .
*/
if (bms_overlap(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel1->relids) &&
bms_overlap(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel2->relids))
{
result = true ;
break ;
}
/* Likewise for the LHS. */
if (bms_overlap(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel1->relids) &&
bms_overlap(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel2->relids))
{
result = true ;
break ;
}
}
/*
* We do not force the join to occur if either input rel can legally be
* joined to anything else using joinclauses . This essentially means that
* clauseless bushy joins are put off as long as possible . The reason is
* that when there is a join order restriction high up in the join tree
* ( that is , with many rels inside the LHS or RHS ) , we would otherwise
* expend lots of effort considering very stupid join combinations within
* its LHS or RHS .
*/
if (result)
{
if (has_legal_joinclause(root, rel1) ||
has_legal_joinclause(root, rel2))
result = false ;
}
return result;
}
/*
* has_join_restriction
* Detect whether the specified relation has join - order restrictions ,
* due to being inside an outer join or an IN ( sub - SELECT ) ,
* or participating in any LATERAL references or multi - rel PHVs .
*
* Essentially , this tests whether have_join_order_restriction ( ) could
* succeed with this rel and some other one . It ' s OK if we sometimes
* say " true " incorrectly . ( Therefore , we don ' t bother with the relatively
* expensive has_legal_joinclause test . )
*/
static bool
has_join_restriction(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel)
{
ListCell *l;
if (rel->lateral_relids != NULL || rel->lateral_referencers != NULL)
return true ;
foreach(l, root->placeholder_list)
{
PlaceHolderInfo *phinfo = (PlaceHolderInfo *) lfirst(l);
if (bms_is_subset(rel->relids, phinfo->ph_eval_at) &&
!bms_equal(rel->relids, phinfo->ph_eval_at))
return true ;
}
foreach(l, root->join_info_list)
{
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo = (SpecialJoinInfo *) lfirst(l);
/* ignore full joins --- other mechanisms preserve their ordering */
if (sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_FULL)
continue ;
/* ignore if SJ is already contained in rel */
if (bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel->relids) &&
bms_is_subset(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel->relids))
continue ;
/* restricted if it overlaps LHS or RHS, but doesn't contain SJ */
if (bms_overlap(sjinfo->min_lefthand, rel->relids) ||
bms_overlap(sjinfo->min_righthand, rel->relids))
return true ;
}
return false ;
}
/*
* has_legal_joinclause
* Detect whether the specified relation can legally be joined
* to any other rels using join clauses .
*
* We consider only joins to single other relations in the current
* initial_rels list . This is sufficient to get a " true " result in most real
* queries , and an occasional erroneous " false " will only cost a bit more
* planning time . The reason for this limitation is that considering joins to
* other joins would require proving that the other join rel can legally be
* formed , which seems like too much trouble for something that ' s only a
* heuristic to save planning time . ( Note : we must look at initial_rels
* and not all of the query , since when we are planning a sub - joinlist we
* may be forced to make clauseless joins within initial_rels even though
* there are join clauses linking to other parts of the query . )
*/
static bool
has_legal_joinclause(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel)
{
ListCell *lc;
foreach(lc, root->initial_rels)
{
RelOptInfo *rel2 = (RelOptInfo *) lfirst(lc);
/* ignore rels that are already in "rel" */
if (bms_overlap(rel->relids, rel2->relids))
continue ;
if (have_relevant_joinclause(root, rel, rel2))
{
Relids joinrelids;
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo;
bool reversed;
/* join_is_legal needs relids of the union */
joinrelids = bms_union(rel->relids, rel2->relids);
if (join_is_legal(root, rel, rel2, joinrelids,
&sjinfo, &reversed))
{
/* Yes, this will work */
bms_free(joinrelids);
return true ;
}
bms_free(joinrelids);
}
}
return false ;
}
/*
* is_dummy_rel - - - has relation been proven empty ?
*/
bool
is_dummy_rel(RelOptInfo *rel)
{
Path *path;
/*
* A rel that is known dummy will have just one path that is a childless
* Append . ( Even if somehow it has more paths , a childless Append will
* have cost zero and hence should be at the front of the pathlist . )
*/
if (rel->pathlist == NIL)
return false ;
path = (Path *) linitial(rel->pathlist);
/*
* Initially , a dummy path will just be a childless Append . But in later
* planning stages we might stick a ProjectSetPath and / or ProjectionPath
* on top , since Append can ' t project . Rather than make assumptions about
* which combinations can occur , just descend through whatever we find .
*/
for (;;)
{
if (IsA(path, ProjectionPath))
path = ((ProjectionPath *) path)->subpath;
else if (IsA(path, ProjectSetPath))
path = ((ProjectSetPath *) path)->subpath;
else
break ;
}
if (IS_DUMMY_APPEND(path))
return true ;
return false ;
}
/*
* Mark a relation as proven empty .
*
* During GEQO planning , this can get invoked more than once on the same
* baserel struct , so it ' s worth checking to see if the rel is already marked
* dummy .
*
* Also , when called during GEQO join planning , we are in a short - lived
* memory context . We must make sure that the dummy path attached to a
* baserel survives the GEQO cycle , else the baserel is trashed for future
* GEQO cycles . On the other hand , when we are marking a joinrel during GEQO ,
* we don ' t want the dummy path to clutter the main planning context . Upshot
* is that the best solution is to explicitly make the dummy path in the same
* context the given RelOptInfo is in .
*/
void
mark_dummy_rel(RelOptInfo *rel)
{
MemoryContext oldcontext;
/* Already marked? */
if (is_dummy_rel(rel))
return ;
/* No, so choose correct context to make the dummy path in */
oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(GetMemoryChunkContext(rel));
/* Set dummy size estimate */
rel->rows = 0 ;
/* Evict any previously chosen paths */
rel->pathlist = NIL;
rel->partial_pathlist = NIL;
/* Set up the dummy path */
add_path(rel, (Path *) create_append_path(NULL, rel, NIL, NIL,
NIL, rel->lateral_relids,
0 , false , -1 ));
/* Set or update cheapest_total_path and related fields */
set_cheapest(rel);
MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
}
/*
* restriction_is_constant_false - - - is a restrictlist just FALSE ?
*
* In cases where a qual is provably constant FALSE , eval_const_expressions
* will generally have thrown away anything that ' s ANDed with it . In outer
* join situations this will leave us computing cartesian products only to
* decide there ' s no match for an outer row , which is pretty stupid . So ,
* we need to detect the case .
*
* If only_pushed_down is true , then consider only quals that are pushed - down
* from the point of view of the joinrel .
*/
static bool
restriction_is_constant_false(List *restrictlist,
RelOptInfo *joinrel,
bool only_pushed_down)
{
ListCell *lc;
/*
* Despite the above comment , the restriction list we see here might
* possibly have other members besides the FALSE constant , since other
* quals could get " pushed down " to the outer join level . So we check
* each member of the list .
*/
foreach(lc, restrictlist)
{
RestrictInfo *rinfo = lfirst_node(RestrictInfo, lc);
if (only_pushed_down && !RINFO_IS_PUSHED_DOWN(rinfo, joinrel->relids))
continue ;
if (rinfo->clause && IsA(rinfo->clause, Const ))
{
Const *con = (Const *) rinfo->clause;
/* constant NULL is as good as constant FALSE for our purposes */
if (con->constisnull)
return true ;
if (!DatumGetBool(con->constvalue))
return true ;
}
}
return false ;
}
/*
* Assess whether join between given two partitioned relations can be broken
* down into joins between matching partitions ; a technique called
* " partitionwise join "
*
* Partitionwise join is possible when a . Joining relations have same
* partitioning scheme b . There exists an equi - join between the partition keys
* of the two relations .
*
* Partitionwise join is planned as follows ( details : optimizer / README . )
*
* 1 . Create the RelOptInfos for joins between matching partitions i . e
* child - joins and add paths to them .
*
* 2 . Construct Append or MergeAppend paths across the set of child joins .
* This second phase is implemented by generate_partitionwise_join_paths ( ) .
*
* The RelOptInfo , SpecialJoinInfo and restrictlist for each child join are
* obtained by translating the respective parent join structures .
*/
static void
try_partitionwise_join(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2,
RelOptInfo *joinrel, SpecialJoinInfo *parent_sjinfo,
List *parent_restrictlist)
{
bool rel1_is_simple = IS_SIMPLE_REL(rel1);
bool rel2_is_simple = IS_SIMPLE_REL(rel2);
List *parts1 = NIL;
List *parts2 = NIL;
ListCell *lcr1 = NULL;
ListCell *lcr2 = NULL;
int cnt_parts;
/* Guard against stack overflow due to overly deep partition hierarchy. */
check_stack_depth();
/* Nothing to do, if the join relation is not partitioned. */
if (joinrel->part_scheme == NULL || joinrel->nparts == 0 )
return ;
/* The join relation should have consider_partitionwise_join set. */
Assert(joinrel->consider_partitionwise_join);
/*
* We can not perform partitionwise join if either of the joining
* relations is not partitioned .
*/
if (!IS_PARTITIONED_REL(rel1) || !IS_PARTITIONED_REL(rel2))
return ;
Assert(REL_HAS_ALL_PART_PROPS(rel1) && REL_HAS_ALL_PART_PROPS(rel2));
/* The joining relations should have consider_partitionwise_join set. */
Assert(rel1->consider_partitionwise_join &&
rel2->consider_partitionwise_join);
/*
* The partition scheme of the join relation should match that of the
* joining relations .
*/
Assert(joinrel->part_scheme == rel1->part_scheme &&
joinrel->part_scheme == rel2->part_scheme);
Assert(!(joinrel->partbounds_merged && (joinrel->nparts <= 0 )));
compute_partition_bounds(root, rel1, rel2, joinrel, parent_sjinfo,
&parts1, &parts2);
if (joinrel->partbounds_merged)
{
lcr1 = list_head(parts1);
lcr2 = list_head(parts2);
}
/*
* Create child - join relations for this partitioned join , if those don ' t
* exist . Add paths to child - joins for a pair of child relations
* corresponding to the given pair of parent relations .
*/
for (cnt_parts = 0 ; cnt_parts < joinrel->nparts; cnt_parts++)
{
RelOptInfo *child_rel1;
RelOptInfo *child_rel2;
bool rel1_empty;
bool rel2_empty;
SpecialJoinInfo *child_sjinfo;
List *child_restrictlist;
RelOptInfo *child_joinrel;
AppendRelInfo **appinfos;
int nappinfos;
Relids child_relids;
if (joinrel->partbounds_merged)
{
child_rel1 = lfirst_node(RelOptInfo, lcr1);
child_rel2 = lfirst_node(RelOptInfo, lcr2);
lcr1 = lnext(parts1, lcr1);
lcr2 = lnext(parts2, lcr2);
}
else
{
child_rel1 = rel1->part_rels[cnt_parts];
child_rel2 = rel2->part_rels[cnt_parts];
}
rel1_empty = (child_rel1 == NULL || IS_DUMMY_REL(child_rel1));
rel2_empty = (child_rel2 == NULL || IS_DUMMY_REL(child_rel2));
/*
* Check for cases where we can prove that this segment of the join
* returns no rows , due to one or both inputs being empty ( including
* inputs that have been pruned away entirely ) . If so just ignore it .
* These rules are equivalent to populate_joinrel_with_paths ' s rules
* for dummy input relations .
*/
switch (parent_sjinfo->jointype)
{
case JOIN_INNER:
case JOIN_SEMI:
if (rel1_empty || rel2_empty)
continue ; /* ignore this join segment */
break ;
case JOIN_LEFT:
case JOIN_ANTI:
if (rel1_empty)
continue ; /* ignore this join segment */
break ;
case JOIN_FULL:
if (rel1_empty && rel2_empty)
continue ; /* ignore this join segment */
break ;
default :
/* other values not expected here */
elog(ERROR, "unrecognized join type: %d" ,
(int ) parent_sjinfo->jointype);
break ;
}
/*
* If a child has been pruned entirely then we can ' t generate paths
* for it , so we have to reject partitionwise joining unless we were
* able to eliminate this partition above .
*/
if (child_rel1 == NULL || child_rel2 == NULL)
{
/*
* Mark the joinrel as unpartitioned so that later functions treat
* it correctly .
*/
joinrel->nparts = 0 ;
return ;
}
/*
* If a leaf relation has consider_partitionwise_join = false , it means
* that it ' s a dummy relation for which we skipped setting up tlist
* expressions and adding EC members in set_append_rel_size ( ) , so
* again we have to fail here .
*/
if (rel1_is_simple && !child_rel1->consider_partitionwise_join)
{
Assert(child_rel1->reloptkind == RELOPT_OTHER_MEMBER_REL);
Assert(IS_DUMMY_REL(child_rel1));
joinrel->nparts = 0 ;
return ;
}
if (rel2_is_simple && !child_rel2->consider_partitionwise_join)
{
Assert(child_rel2->reloptkind == RELOPT_OTHER_MEMBER_REL);
Assert(IS_DUMMY_REL(child_rel2));
joinrel->nparts = 0 ;
return ;
}
/* We should never try to join two overlapping sets of rels. */
Assert(!bms_overlap(child_rel1->relids, child_rel2->relids));
/*
* Construct SpecialJoinInfo from parent join relations ' s
* SpecialJoinInfo .
*/
child_sjinfo = build_child_join_sjinfo(root, parent_sjinfo,
child_rel1->relids,
child_rel2->relids);
/* Find the AppendRelInfo structures */
child_relids = bms_union(child_rel1->relids, child_rel2->relids);
appinfos = find_appinfos_by_relids(root, child_relids,
&nappinfos);
/*
* Construct restrictions applicable to the child join from those
* applicable to the parent join .
*/
child_restrictlist =
(List *) adjust_appendrel_attrs(root,
(Node *) parent_restrictlist,
nappinfos, appinfos);
/* Find or construct the child join's RelOptInfo */
child_joinrel = joinrel->part_rels[cnt_parts];
if (!child_joinrel)
{
child_joinrel = build_child_join_rel(root, child_rel1, child_rel2,
joinrel, child_restrictlist,
child_sjinfo, nappinfos, appinfos);
joinrel->part_rels[cnt_parts] = child_joinrel;
joinrel->live_parts = bms_add_member(joinrel->live_parts, cnt_parts);
joinrel->all_partrels = bms_add_members(joinrel->all_partrels,
child_joinrel->relids);
}
/* Assert we got the right one */
Assert(bms_equal(child_joinrel->relids,
adjust_child_relids(joinrel->relids,
nappinfos, appinfos)));
/* And make paths for the child join */
populate_joinrel_with_paths(root, child_rel1, child_rel2,
child_joinrel, child_sjinfo,
child_restrictlist);
/*
* When there are thousands of partitions involved , this loop will
* accumulate a significant amount of memory usage from objects that
* are only needed within the loop . Free these local objects eagerly
* at the end of each iteration .
*/
pfree(appinfos);
bms_free(child_relids);
free_child_join_sjinfo(child_sjinfo, parent_sjinfo);
}
}
/*
* Construct the SpecialJoinInfo for a child - join by translating
* SpecialJoinInfo for the join between parents . left_relids and right_relids
* are the relids of left and right side of the join respectively .
*
* If translations are added to or removed from this function , consider
* updating free_child_join_sjinfo ( ) accordingly .
*/
static SpecialJoinInfo *
build_child_join_sjinfo(PlannerInfo *root, SpecialJoinInfo *parent_sjinfo,
Relids left_relids, Relids right_relids)
{
SpecialJoinInfo *sjinfo = makeNode(SpecialJoinInfo);
AppendRelInfo **left_appinfos;
int left_nappinfos;
AppendRelInfo **right_appinfos;
int right_nappinfos;
/* Dummy SpecialJoinInfos can be created without any translation. */
if (parent_sjinfo->jointype == JOIN_INNER)
{
Assert(parent_sjinfo->ojrelid == 0 );
init_dummy_sjinfo(sjinfo, left_relids, right_relids);
return sjinfo;
}
memcpy(sjinfo, parent_sjinfo, sizeof (SpecialJoinInfo));
left_appinfos = find_appinfos_by_relids(root, left_relids,
&left_nappinfos);
right_appinfos = find_appinfos_by_relids(root, right_relids,
&right_nappinfos);
sjinfo->min_lefthand = adjust_child_relids(sjinfo->min_lefthand,
left_nappinfos, left_appinfos);
sjinfo->min_righthand = adjust_child_relids(sjinfo->min_righthand,
right_nappinfos,
right_appinfos);
sjinfo->syn_lefthand = adjust_child_relids(sjinfo->syn_lefthand,
left_nappinfos, left_appinfos);
sjinfo->syn_righthand = adjust_child_relids(sjinfo->syn_righthand,
right_nappinfos,
right_appinfos);
/* outer-join relids need no adjustment */
sjinfo->semi_rhs_exprs = (List *) adjust_appendrel_attrs(root,
(Node *) sjinfo->semi_rhs_exprs,
right_nappinfos,
right_appinfos);
pfree(left_appinfos);
pfree(right_appinfos);
return sjinfo;
}
/*
* free_child_join_sjinfo
* Free memory consumed by a SpecialJoinInfo created by
* build_child_join_sjinfo ( )
*
* Only members that are translated copies of their counterpart in the parent
* SpecialJoinInfo are freed here .
*/
static void
free_child_join_sjinfo(SpecialJoinInfo *child_sjinfo,
SpecialJoinInfo *parent_sjinfo)
{
/*
* Dummy SpecialJoinInfos of inner joins do not have any translated fields
* and hence no fields that to be freed .
*/
if (child_sjinfo->jointype != JOIN_INNER)
{
if (child_sjinfo->min_lefthand != parent_sjinfo->min_lefthand)
bms_free(child_sjinfo->min_lefthand);
if (child_sjinfo->min_righthand != parent_sjinfo->min_righthand)
bms_free(child_sjinfo->min_righthand);
if (child_sjinfo->syn_lefthand != parent_sjinfo->syn_lefthand)
bms_free(child_sjinfo->syn_lefthand);
if (child_sjinfo->syn_righthand != parent_sjinfo->syn_righthand)
bms_free(child_sjinfo->syn_righthand);
Assert(child_sjinfo->commute_above_l == parent_sjinfo->commute_above_l);
Assert(child_sjinfo->commute_above_r == parent_sjinfo->commute_above_r);
Assert(child_sjinfo->commute_below_l == parent_sjinfo->commute_below_l);
Assert(child_sjinfo->commute_below_r == parent_sjinfo->commute_below_r);
Assert(child_sjinfo->semi_operators == parent_sjinfo->semi_operators);
/*
* semi_rhs_exprs may in principle be freed , but a simple pfree ( ) does
* not suffice , so we leave it alone .
*/
}
pfree(child_sjinfo);
}
/*
* compute_partition_bounds
* Compute the partition bounds for a join rel from those for inputs
*/
static void
compute_partition_bounds(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *rel1,
RelOptInfo *rel2, RelOptInfo *joinrel,
SpecialJoinInfo *parent_sjinfo,
List **parts1, List **parts2)
{
/*
* If we don ' t have the partition bounds for the join rel yet , try to
* compute those along with pairs of partitions to be joined .
*/
if (joinrel->nparts == -1 )
{
PartitionScheme part_scheme = joinrel->part_scheme;
PartitionBoundInfo boundinfo = NULL;
int nparts = 0 ;
Assert(joinrel->boundinfo == NULL);
Assert(joinrel->part_rels == NULL);
/*
* See if the partition bounds for inputs are exactly the same , in
* which case we don ' t need to work hard : the join rel will have the
* same partition bounds as inputs , and the partitions with the same
* cardinal positions will form the pairs .
*
* Note : even in cases where one or both inputs have merged bounds , it
* would be possible for both the bounds to be exactly the same , but
* it seems unlikely to be worth the cycles to check .
*/
if (!rel1->partbounds_merged &&
!rel2->partbounds_merged &&
rel1->nparts == rel2->nparts &&
partition_bounds_equal(part_scheme->partnatts,
part_scheme->parttyplen,
part_scheme->parttypbyval,
rel1->boundinfo, rel2->boundinfo))
{
boundinfo = rel1->boundinfo;
nparts = rel1->nparts;
}
else
{
/* Try merging the partition bounds for inputs. */
boundinfo = partition_bounds_merge(part_scheme->partnatts,
part_scheme->partsupfunc,
part_scheme->partcollation,
rel1, rel2,
parent_sjinfo->jointype,
parts1, parts2);
if (boundinfo == NULL)
{
joinrel->nparts = 0 ;
return ;
}
nparts = list_length(*parts1);
joinrel->partbounds_merged = true ;
}
Assert(nparts > 0 );
joinrel->boundinfo = boundinfo;
joinrel->nparts = nparts;
joinrel->part_rels =
(RelOptInfo **) palloc0(sizeof (RelOptInfo *) * nparts);
}
else
{
Assert(joinrel->nparts > 0 );
Assert(joinrel->boundinfo);
Assert(joinrel->part_rels);
/*
* If the join rel ' s partbounds_merged flag is true , it means inputs
* are not guaranteed to have the same partition bounds , therefore we
* can ' t assume that the partitions at the same cardinal positions
* form the pairs ; let get_matching_part_pairs ( ) generate the pairs .
* Otherwise , nothing to do since we can assume that .
*/
if (joinrel->partbounds_merged)
{
get_matching_part_pairs(root, joinrel, rel1, rel2,
parts1, parts2);
Assert(list_length(*parts1) == joinrel->nparts);
Assert(list_length(*parts2) == joinrel->nparts);
}
}
}
/*
* get_matching_part_pairs
* Generate pairs of partitions to be joined from inputs
*/
static void
get_matching_part_pairs(PlannerInfo *root, RelOptInfo *joinrel,
RelOptInfo *rel1, RelOptInfo *rel2,
List **parts1, List **parts2)
{
bool rel1_is_simple = IS_SIMPLE_REL(rel1);
bool rel2_is_simple = IS_SIMPLE_REL(rel2);
int cnt_parts;
*parts1 = NIL;
*parts2 = NIL;
for (cnt_parts = 0 ; cnt_parts < joinrel->nparts; cnt_parts++)
{
RelOptInfo *child_joinrel = joinrel->part_rels[cnt_parts];
RelOptInfo *child_rel1;
RelOptInfo *child_rel2;
Relids child_relids1;
Relids child_relids2;
/*
* If this segment of the join is empty , it means that this segment
* was ignored when previously creating child - join paths for it in
* try_partitionwise_join ( ) as it would not contribute to the join
* result , due to one or both inputs being empty ; add NULL to each of
* the given lists so that this segment will be ignored again in that
* function .
*/
if (!child_joinrel)
{
*parts1 = lappend(*parts1, NULL);
*parts2 = lappend(*parts2, NULL);
continue ;
}
/*
* Get a relids set of partition ( s ) involved in this join segment that
* are from the rel1 side .
*/
child_relids1 = bms_intersect(child_joinrel->relids,
rel1->all_partrels);
Assert(bms_num_members(child_relids1) == bms_num_members(rel1->relids));
/*
* Get a child rel for rel1 with the relids . Note that we should have
* the child rel even if rel1 is a join rel , because in that case the
* partitions specified in the relids would have matching / overlapping
* boundaries , so the specified partitions should be considered as
* ones to be joined when planning partitionwise joins of rel1 ,
* meaning that the child rel would have been built by the time we get
* here .
*/
if (rel1_is_simple)
{
int varno = bms_singleton_member(child_relids1);
child_rel1 = find_base_rel(root, varno);
}
else
child_rel1 = find_join_rel(root, child_relids1);
Assert(child_rel1);
/*
* Get a relids set of partition ( s ) involved in this join segment that
* are from the rel2 side .
*/
child_relids2 = bms_intersect(child_joinrel->relids,
rel2->all_partrels);
Assert(bms_num_members(child_relids2) == bms_num_members(rel2->relids));
/*
* Get a child rel for rel2 with the relids . See above comments .
*/
if (rel2_is_simple)
{
int varno = bms_singleton_member(child_relids2);
child_rel2 = find_base_rel(root, varno);
}
else
child_rel2 = find_join_rel(root, child_relids2);
Assert(child_rel2);
/*
* The join of rel1 and rel2 is legal , so is the join of the child
* rels obtained above ; add them to the given lists as a join pair
* producing this join segment .
*/
*parts1 = lappend(*parts1, child_rel1);
*parts2 = lappend(*parts2, child_rel2);
}
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=94 H=94 G=93
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.78 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-08-08)
¤
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