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<div class="chlinktop"><span class="chlink1">Goto Chapter: </span><a href="chap0.html">Top</a>  <a href="chap1.html">1</a>  <a href="chap2.html">2</a>  <a href="chap3.html">3</a>  <a href="chap4.html">4</a>  <a href="chap5.html">5</a>  <a href="chap6.html">6</a>  <a href="chap7.html">7</a>  <a href="chap8.html">8</a>  <a href="chap9.html">9</a>  <a href="chapBib.html">Bib</a>  <a href="chapInd.html">Ind</a>  </div>

<div class="chlinkprevnexttop"> <a href="chap0.html">[Top of Book]</a>   <a href="chap0.html#contents">[Contents]</a>    <a href="chap1.html">[Previous Chapter]</a>    <a href="chap3.html">[Next Chapter]</a>   </div>

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<p><a id="X81904A7583751067" name="X81904A7583751067"></a></p>
<div class="ChapSects"><a href="chap2.html#X81904A7583751067">2 <span class="Heading">A First Tutorial in <strong class="pkg">GUAVA</strong></span></a>
<div class="ContSect"><span class="tocline"><span class="nocss"> </span><a href="chap2.html#X7B4C487180E9CBCD">2.1 <span class="Heading">Working with codewords</span></a>
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<div class="ContSect"><span class="tocline"><span class="nocss"> </span><a href="chap2.html#X7DEC2B677A1F2B03">2.2 <span class="Heading">Calculations with codes</span></a>
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<h3>2 <span class="Heading">A First Tutorial in <strong class="pkg">GUAVA</strong></span></h3>

<p>An error-correcting code is essentially just a subset of the set of all possible messages of a given length over some finite "alphabet."</p>

<p>In algebraic coding theory, the "alphabet" is usually some

<<head

<p>That process is called "decoding." Developing codes that have efficient decoding algorithms is one of the central problems of algebraic coding theory.</p>

<p><a id="X7B4C487180E9CBCD" name="X7B4C487180E9CBCD"></a></p>

<h4>2.1 <span class="Heading">Working with codewords</span></h4>

<p>So let's play around a bit.



<p>Start <strong class="pkg">GAP</strong> in a terminal<linkrel"stylesheet" type"text/css" href="manual.css" />


<div class="example"><pre>
<span class=GAPpromptgap;</> <span="GAPinput">LoadPackage"script type=ext/avascript">();<script
true http-equivcontent-typecontent="
</pre></div>

<p><meta="" ="GAPDoc2HTML">


<div
< classGAPprompt>gap;<span<panclass"GAPinput>:Codeword("01111)<span
[ typetext"();
<span class="GAPprompt">gapgt<
[ Z(2)^,Z()0 Z(^,Z2^,Z2^,Z2^,Z2^,Z2^,Z(2^ ]
<span <span class
[ 11
sjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
[ 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 ]
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Weight(c1);</span>
5
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Weight(c2);</span>
9
<span classdiv=>a=chap2# ="Heading> Tutorial in< =pkg>/>/>
4
</pre></div>

<p>The div class"ContSect"divclass">span class="tocline"> class="">nbsp;span>21 span"">Working codewords></>

<p>The <em>Hamming distance</em> is used class"< class=""&;a ="
chap2#X7DEC2B677A1F2B03>. spanHeading  <>/>


<div class="example"><pre>
<span="GAPprompt">gap;</span>span="GAPinput">DistanceCodeword, c2;/>
4
</pre></div>

<p>Notep>An error-correcting  is  justsubset  the ofall possible messages  a given<div

<p>A codeword alsojava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0


<java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
<span class="GAPprompt>gap&> span <

x_1
<span>a idX7B4C487180E9CBCD nameX7B4C487180E9CBCD<a</>
x^h4<
<span="GAPprompt">gap;</span< class="APinput"VectorCodeword;/>
<an GF2 vector length&;
<java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 1 out of bounds for length 0
[java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [4, 3) out of bounds for length 66
<> <span=GAPinput>5:(1,,,,];<span>
[ 1 0true
<span ="java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [0, 1) out of bounds for length 0
x_1^6+Z(2)^0
<prediv>

<pspan classGAPprompt></java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0

<h4>2.2 <span 0 Z()^,Z()^0 ZspanclassGAPprompt>gt/>  classGAPinput>LoadPackageguava/pan>

<>Acode fundamentally a collection of. Sometimescode merely<m></em> codewordstrue

< class"GAPprompt>ap>spanclass=="GAPinput>c3c1c2<span


<divlassexample">pre>>
<span java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 1 out of bounds for length 1
ptgap></ <span class""m=(,F2);/>
[ [ 1 1 1 0 0 0 ], [9
 1 , [span=""gap<span span="c1=Codeword("10101)</pan
class&;<span=">>/>span="v:2)[1,1,1,1,1,1,,1,1];
a  6,8,1.62..a (6,8,1..6)2..3 
< class"gap> :=odeword()
<pre<spanclass"GAPprompt">&&;</> span=="GAPinput>istanceCodewordc1, c2)

<>  example[ 0 0 1  01 11 ]

<p>A very useful feature of <strong class="pkg">GUAVA</strongjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 3 out of bounds for length 3


<<div
<spanclassGAPpromptspanclass"GAPprompt">apgt<span><spanclass"Display;/>
a classgappre
<

<>  codepropertieswellnumbers    java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0

<p>One of thejava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0


<div class="example"><pre
<spanjava.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
3
</pre></div

<p>java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Range [0, 7) out of bounds for length 0

<p


<div class="example"><pre>
<java.lang.StringIndexOutOfBoundsException: Index 0 out of bounds for length 0
[1 ,,6 4,1,0]
</pre></div>


<div class[ 11 10   ,[0111</>< class=GAPinput:IndeterminateGF);/>


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