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< title>GAP (GaussForHomalg) - Chapter 4: Example</ title>
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<div class="ChapSects"><a href="chap4.html#X85861B017AEEC50B">4 <span class="Heading">Example</span></a>
<div class="ContSect"><span class="tocline"><span class="nocss"> </span><a href="chap4.html#X791E21F47805048A">4.1 <span class="Heading">HomHom</span></a>
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<h3>4 <span class="Heading">Example</span></h3>
<p><a id="X791E21F47805048A" name="X791E21F47805048A"></a></p>
<h4>4.1 <span class="Heading">HomHom</span></h4>
<p>The following example is taken from Section 2 of <a href="chapBib.html#biBBREACA">[BR06]</a>. <br /> <br /> The computation takes place over the ring <span class="SimpleMath">R=ℤ/2^8ℤ</span>, which is directly supported by the package <strong class="pkg">Gauss</strong>.</p>
<p>Here we compute the (infinite) long exact homology sequence of the covariant functor <span class="SimpleMath">Hom(Hom(-,ℤ/2^7ℤ),ℤ/2^4ℤ)</span> (and its left derived functors) applied to the short exact sequence<br /> <br /> <span class="SimpleMath">0 -> M_=ℤ/2^2ℤ --alpha_1--> M=ℤ/2^5ℤ --alpha_2--> _M=ℤ/2^3ℤ -> 0</span>.</p>
<div class="example"><pre>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">LoadPackage( "Modules", ">= 2023.10-01" );</span>
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">R := HomalgRingOfIntegers( 2^8 );</span>
Z/256Z
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Display( R );</span>
<An internal ring>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">M := LeftPresentation( [ 2^5 ], R );</span>
<A cyclic left module presented by 1 relation for a cyclic generator>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Display( M );</span>
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(32,256) >
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">M;</span>
<A cyclic left module presented by 1 relation for a cyclic generator>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">_M := LeftPresentation( [ 2^3 ], R );</span>
<A cyclic left module presented by 1 relation for a cyclic generator>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Display( _M );</span>
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">_M;</span>
<A cyclic left module presented by 1 relation for a cyclic generator>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">alpha2 := HomalgMap( [ 1 ], M, _M );</span>
<A "homomorphism" of left modules>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">IsMorphism( alpha2 );</span>
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">alpha2;</span>
<A homomorphism of left modules>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Display( alpha2 );</span>
1
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">M_ := Kernel( alpha2 );</span>
<A cyclic left module presented by yet unknown relations for a cyclic generato\
r>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">alpha1 := KernelEmb( alpha2 );</span>
<A monomorphism of left modules>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">seq := HomalgComplex( alpha2 );</span>
<An acyclic complex containing a single morphism of left modules at degrees
[ 0 .. 1 ]>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Add( seq, alpha1 );</span>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">seq;</span>
<A sequence containing 2 morphisms of left modules at degrees [ 0 .. 2 ]>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">IsShortExactSequence( seq );</span>
true
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">seq;</span>
<A short exact sequence containing 2 morphisms of left modules at degrees
[ 0 .. 2 ]>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Display( seq );</span>
-------------------------
at homology degree: 2
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(4,256) >
-------------------------
8
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 1
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(32,256) >
-------------------------
1
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 0
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">K := LeftPresentation( [ 2^7 ], R );</span>
<A cyclic left module presented by 1 relation for a cyclic generator>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">L := RightPresentation( [ 2^4 ], R );</span>
<A cyclic right module on a cyclic generator satisfying 1 relation>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">triangle := LHomHom( 4, seq, K, L, "t" );</span>
<An exact triangle containing 3 morphisms of left complexes at degrees
[ 1, 2, 3, 1 ]>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">lehs := LongSequence( triangle );</span>
<A sequence containing 14 morphisms of left modules at degrees [ 0 .. 14 ]>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">ByASmallerPresentation( lehs );</span>
<A non-zero sequence containing 14 morphisms of left modules at degrees
[ 0 .. 14 ]>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">IsExactSequence( lehs );</span>
false
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">lehs;</span>
<A non-zero left acyclic complex containing
14 morphisms of left modules at degrees [ 0 .. 14 ]>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Assert( 0, IsLeftAcyclic( lehs ) );</span>
<span class="GAPprompt">gap></span> <span class="GAPinput">Display( lehs );</span>
-------------------------
at homology degree: 14
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(4,256) >
-------------------------
4
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 13
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
2
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 12
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
2
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 11
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(4,256) >
-------------------------
4
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 10
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
2
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 9
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
2
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 8
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(4,256) >
-------------------------
4
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 7
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
2
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 6
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
2
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 5
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(4,256) >
-------------------------
4
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 4
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
2
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 3
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
2
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 2
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(4,256) >
-------------------------
8
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 1
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(16,256) >
-------------------------
1
the map is currently represented by the above 1 x 1 matrix
------------v------------
at homology degree: 0
Z/256Z/< ZmodnZObj(8,256) >
-------------------------
</pre></div>
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