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<div class="ChapSects" ><a href="chap5.html#X8371E66387CB2E49" >5 <span class="Heading" >Groebner Basis</span ></a>
<div class="ContSect" ><span class="tocline" ><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X850B47047FD4D709" >5.1 <span class="Heading" >Constructing a Groebner Basis</span ></a>
</span >
<div class="ContSSBlock" >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X8451936885F68598" >5.1-1 InfoGroebnerBasis</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7A43611E876B7560" >5.1-2 GroebnerBasis</a></span >
</div ></div >
<div class="ContSect" ><span class="tocline" ><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X79C7DC5D873A14D0" >5.2 <span class="Heading" >Categories and Properties of Groebner
Basis</span ></a>
</span >
<div class="ContSSBlock" >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X85C0C1CD87C70AAA" >5.2-1 IsCompletelyReducedGroebnerBasis</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X86E7D0AE87CA048D" >5.2-2 IsCompleteGroebnerBasis</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7BFD28E687AADFBB" >5.2-3 IsGroebnerBasis</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X799FD421784D1FFC" >5.2-4 IsHomogeneousGroebnerBasis</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X8592E4C87E41A15A" >5.2-5 IsTipReducedGroebnerBasis</a></span >
</div ></div >
<div class="ContSect" ><span class="tocline" ><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X84EF455882169920" >5.3 <span class="Heading" >Attributes and Operations for Groebner Basis</span ></a>
</span >
<div class="ContSSBlock" >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X8722C1577C236116" >5.3-1 AdmitsFinitelyManyNontips</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X878AC1107E9671BA" >5.3-2 CompletelyReduce</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7FF28B7B80759D24" >5.3-3 CompletelyReduceGroebnerBasis</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7EF8910F82B45EC7" >5.3-4 Enumerator</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X8137C99A7934C1CA" >5.3-5 IsPrefixOfTipInTipIdeal</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X83ADF8287ED0668E" >5.3-6 Iterator</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7EAA029F8071ACC6" >5.3-7 Nontips</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7840F54D8240C288" >5.3-8 NontipSize</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7C6CD739788E7F59" >5.3-9 TipReduce</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7B4F38D6852DF8B6" >5.3-10 TipReduceGroebnerBasis</a></span >
</div ></div >
<div class="ContSect" ><span class="tocline" ><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X82C1C09486934532" >5.4 <span class="Heading" >Right Groebner Basis</span ></a>
</span >
<div class="ContSSBlock" >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X86EC39527F33EABE" >5.4-1 IsRightGroebnerBasis</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X7B29B9207D20EA9E" >5.4-2 RightGroebnerBasis</a></span >
<span class="ContSS" ><br /><span class="nocss" > </span ><a href="chap5.html#X812BFF79867FF73A" >5.4-3 RightGroebnerBasisOfIdeal</a></span >
</div ></div >
</div >
<h3>5 <span class="Heading" >Groebner Basis</span ></h3>
<p>This chapter contains the declarations and implementations needed for Groebner basis. Currently, we do not provide algorithms to actually compute Groebner basis; instead, the declarations and implementations are provided here for <strong class="pkg" >GAP</strong > objects and the actual elements of Groebner basis are computed by the <strong class="pkg" >GBNP</strong > package.</p>
<p><a id="X850B47047FD4D709" name="X850B47047FD4D709" ></a></p>
<h4>5.1 <span class="Heading" >Constructing a Groebner Basis</span ></h4>
<p><a id="X8451936885F68598" name="X8451936885F68598" ></a></p>
<h5>5.1-1 InfoGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ InfoGroebnerBasis</code ></td ><td class="tdright" >( info class )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>is the info class for functions dealing with Groebner basis.</p>
<p><a id="X7A43611E876B7560" name="X7A43611E876B7560" ></a></p>
<h5>5.1-2 GroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ GroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >I</var >, <var class="Arg" >rels</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >I</var > -- an ideal, <var class="Arg" >rels</var > -- a list of relations generating <var class="Arg" >I</var >.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: an object <var class="Arg" >GB</var > in the <code class="func" >IsGroebnerBasis</code > (<a href="chap5.html#X7BFD28E687AADFBB" ><span class="RefLink" >5.2-3</span ></a>) category with <code class="func" >IsCompleteGroebnerBasis</code > (<a href="chap5.html#X86E7D0AE87CA048D" ><span class="RefLink" >5.2-2</span ></a>) property set on true.</p>
<p>Sets also <var class="Arg" >GB</var > as a value of the attribute <code class="func" >GroebnerBasisOfIdeal</code > (<a href="chap4.html#X7D2896F27C976231" ><span class="RefLink" >4.10-1</span ></a>) for <var class="Arg" >I</var > (so one has an access to it by calling GroebnerBasisOfIdeal(<var class="Arg" >I</var >)).<br /> There are absolutely no computations and no checks for correctness in this function. Giving a set of relations that does not form a Groebner basis may result in incorrect answers or unexpected errors. This function is intended to be used by packages providing access to external Groebner basis programs and should be invoked before further computations on Groebner basis or ideal I (cf. also <code class="func" >IsCompleteGroebnerBasis</code > (<a href="chap5.html#X86E7D0AE87CA048D" ><span class="RefLink" >5.2-2</span ></a>)).</p>
<p><a id="X79C7DC5D873A14D0" name="X79C7DC5D873A14D0" ></a></p>
<h4>5.2 <span class="Heading" >Categories and Properties of Groebner
Basis</span ></h4>
<p><a id="X85C0C1CD87C70AAA" name="X85C0C1CD87C70AAA" ></a></p>
<h5>5.2-1 IsCompletelyReducedGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ IsCompletelyReducedGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >gb</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( property )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: true when <var class="Arg" >GB</var > is a Groebner basis which is completely reduced.</p>
<p><a id="X86E7D0AE87CA048D" name="X86E7D0AE87CA048D" ></a></p>
<h5>5.2-2 IsCompleteGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ IsCompleteGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >gb</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( property )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: true when <var class="Arg" >GB</var > is a complete Groebner basis.</p>
<p>While philosophically something that isn't a complete Groebner basis isn' t a Groebner basis at all, this property can be used in conjunction with other properties to see if the the Groebner basis contains enough information for computations. An example of a system that creates incomplete Groebner bases is `Opal'. Note: The current package used for creating Groebner bases is GBNP , and this package does not create incomplete Groebner bases.
<p><a id="X7BFD28E687AADFBB" name="X7BFD28E687AADFBB" ></a></p>
<h5>5.2-3 IsGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ IsGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >object </var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( category )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >object </var > -- any object in <strong class="pkg" >GAP</strong >. <br /></p>
<p>Returns: true when <var class="Arg" >object </var > is a Groebner basis and false otherwise.</p>
<p>The function only returns true for Groebner bases that has been set as such using the <code class="code" >GroebnerBasis</code > function, as illustrated in the following example.</p>
<p><a id="X799FD421784D1FFC" name="X799FD421784D1FFC" ></a></p>
<h5>5.2-4 IsHomogeneousGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ IsHomogeneousGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >gb</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( property )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: true when <var class="Arg" >GB</var > is a Groebner basis which is homogeneous.</p>
<div class="example" ><pre >
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >Q := Quiver( 3, [ [1,2,"a" ], [2,3,"b" ] ] );</span >
<quiver with 3 vertices and 2 arrows>
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >PA := PathAlgebra( Rationals, Q );</span >
<Rationals[<quiver with 3 vertices and 2 arrows>]>
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >rels := [ PA.a*PA.b ];</span >
[ (1)*a*b ]
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >gb := GBNPGroebnerBasis( rels, PA );</span >
[ (1)*a*b ]
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >I := Ideal( PA, gb );</span >
<two-sided ideal in <Rationals[<quiver with 3 vertices and 2 arrows>]>
, (1 generators)>
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >grb := GroebnerBasis( I, gb );</span >
<complete two-sided Groebner basis containing 1 elements>
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >alg := PA/I;</span >
<Rationals[<quiver with 3 vertices and 2 arrows>]/
<two-sided ideal in <Rationals[<quiver with 3 vertices and 2 arrows>]>
, (1 generators)>>
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >IsGroebnerBasis(gb);</span >
false
<span class="GAPprompt" >gap></span > <span class="GAPinput" >IsGroebnerBasis(grb);</span >
true
</pre ></div >
<p><a id="X8592E4C87E41A15A" name="X8592E4C87E41A15A" ></a></p>
<h5>5.2-5 IsTipReducedGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ IsTipReducedGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >gb</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( property )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner Basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: true when <var class="Arg" >GB</var > is a Groebner basis which is tip reduced.</p>
<p><a id="X84EF455882169920" name="X84EF455882169920" ></a></p>
<h4>5.3 <span class="Heading" >Attributes and Operations for Groebner Basis</span ></h4>
<p><a id="X8722C1577C236116" name="X8722C1577C236116" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-1 AdmitsFinitelyManyNontips</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ AdmitsFinitelyManyNontips</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a complete Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: true if the Groebner basis admits only finitely many nontips and false otherwise.</p>
<p><a id="X878AC1107E9671BA" name="X878AC1107E9671BA" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-2 CompletelyReduce</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ CompletelyReduce</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var >, <var class="Arg" >a</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis, <var class="Arg" >a</var > -- an element in a path algebra.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: <var class="Arg" >a</var > reduced by <var class="Arg" >GB</var >.</p>
<p>If <var class="Arg" >a</var > is already completely reduced, the original element <var class="Arg" >a</var > is returned.</p>
<p><a id="X7FF28B7B80759D24" name="X7FF28B7B80759D24" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-3 CompletelyReduceGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ CompletelyReduceGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: the completely reduced Groebner basis of the ideal generated by <var class="Arg" >GB</var >.</p>
<p>The operation modifies a Groebner basis <var class="Arg" >GB</var > such that each relation in <var class="Arg" >GB</var > is completely reduced. The <code class="code" >IsCompletelyReducedGroebnerBasis</code > and <code class="code" >IsTipReducedGroebnerBasis</code > properties are set as a result of this operation. The resulting relations will be placed in sorted order according to the ordering of <var class="Arg" >GB</var >.</p>
<p><a id="X7EF8910F82B45EC7" name="X7EF8910F82B45EC7" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-4 Enumerator</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ Enumerator</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis. <br /></p>
<p>Returns: an enumerat that enumerates the relations making up the Groebner basis.</p>
<p>These relations should be enumerated in ascending order with respect to the ordering for the family the elements are contained in.</p>
<p><a id="X8137C99A7934C1CA" name="X8137C99A7934C1CA" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-5 IsPrefixOfTipInTipIdeal</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ IsPrefixOfTipInTipIdeal</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var >, <var class="Arg" >R</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis, <var class="Arg" >R</var > -- a relation.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: true if the tip of the relation <var class="Arg" >R</var > is in the tip ideal generated by the tips of <var class="Arg" >GB</var >.</p>
<p>This is used mainly for the construction of right Groebner basis, but is made available for general use in case there are other unforeseen applications.</p>
<p><a id="X83ADF8287ED0668E" name="X83ADF8287ED0668E" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-6 Iterator</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ Iterator</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: an iterator (in the IsIterator category, see the <strong class="pkg" >GAP</strong > manual, chapter 28.7).</p>
<p>Creates an iterator that iterates over the relations making up the Groebner basis. These relations are iterated over in ascending order with respect to the ordering for the family the elements are contained in.</p>
<p><a id="X7EAA029F8071ACC6" name="X7EAA029F8071ACC6" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-7 Nontips</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ Nontips</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( attribute )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: a list of nontip elements for <var class="Arg" >GB</var >.</p>
<p>In order to compute the nontip elements, the Groebner basis must be complete and tip reduced, and there must be a finite number of nontips. If there are an infinite number of nontips, the operation returns `fail'.
<p><a id="X7840F54D8240C288" name="X7840F54D8240C288" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-8 NontipSize</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ NontipSize</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a complete Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: the number of nontips admitted by <var class="Arg" >GB</var >.</p>
<p><a id="X7C6CD739788E7F59" name="X7C6CD739788E7F59" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-9 TipReduce</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ TipReduce</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var >, <var class="Arg" >a</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis, <var class="Arg" >a</var > - an element in a path algebra. <br /></p>
<p>Returns: the element <var class="Arg" >a</var > tip reduced by the Groebner basis.</p>
<p>If <var class="Arg" >a</var > is already tip reduced, then the original <var class="Arg" >a</var > is returned.</p>
<p><a id="X7B4F38D6852DF8B6" name="X7B4F38D6852DF8B6" ></a></p>
<h5>5.3-10 TipReduceGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ TipReduceGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >GB</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >GB</var > -- a Groebner basis.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: a tip reduced Groebner basis.</p>
<p>The returned Groebner basis is equivalent to <var class="Arg" >GB</var > If <var class="Arg" >GB</var > is already tip reduced, this function returns the original object <var class="Arg" >GB</var >, possibly with the addition of the `IsTipReduced`' property set.
<p><a id="X82C1C09486934532" name="X82C1C09486934532" ></a></p>
<h4>5.4 <span class="Heading" >Right Groebner Basis</span ></h4>
<p>In this section we support right Groebner basis for two-sided ideals with Groebner basis. More general cases may be supported in the future.</p>
<p><a id="X86EC39527F33EABE" name="X86EC39527F33EABE" ></a></p>
<h5>5.4-1 IsRightGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ IsRightGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >object </var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( property )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >object </var > -- any object in <strong class="pkg" >GAP</strong >.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: true when <var class="Arg" >object </var > is a right Groebner basis.</p>
<p><a id="X7B29B9207D20EA9E" name="X7B29B9207D20EA9E" ></a></p>
<h5>5.4-2 RightGroebnerBasis</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ RightGroebnerBasis</code >( <var class="Arg" >I</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( operation )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >I</var > -- a right ideal.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: a right Groebner basis for <var class="Arg" >I</var >, which must support a right Groebner basis theory. Right now, this requires that <var class="Arg" >I</var > has a complete Groebner basis.</p>
<p><a id="X812BFF79867FF73A" name="X812BFF79867FF73A" ></a></p>
<h5>5.4-3 RightGroebnerBasisOfIdeal</h5>
<div class="func" ><table class="func" width="100%" ><tr ><td class="tdleft" ><code class="func" >‣ RightGroebnerBasisOfIdeal</code >( <var class="Arg" >I</var > )</td ><td class="tdright" >( attribute )</td ></tr ></table ></div >
<p>Arguments: <var class="Arg" >I</var > -- a right ideal.<br /></p>
<p>Returns: a right Groebner basis of a right ideal, <var class="Arg" >I</var >, if one has been computed.</p>
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