By a utility function we mean a ⪆ function which is
<List>
<Item>
needed by other functions in this package,
</Item>
<Item>
not (as far as we know) provided by the standard &GAP; library,
</Item>
<Item>
more suitable for inclusion in the main library than in this package.
</Item>
</List>
Sections on <E>Printing Lists</E> and
<E>Distinct and Common Representatives</E>
were moved to the <Package>Utils</Package> package with version2.56.
The following two functions have been moved to the
<Package>gpd</Package> package, but are still documented here.
<ManSection>
<Oper Name="InclusionMappingGroups"
Arg="G H" />
<Oper Name="MappingToOne"
Arg="G H" />
<Description>
This set of utilities concerns mappings.
The map <C>incd8</C> is the inclusion of <C>d8</C> in <C>d16</C>
used in Section <Ref Sect="sect-oper-mor" />.
<C>MappingToOne(G,H)</C> maps the whole of <M>G</M> to the identity element
in <M>H</M>.
</Description>
</ManSection>
<P/>
<Example>
<![CDATA[
gap> Print( incd8, "\n" );
[ (11,13,15,17)(12,14,16,18), (11,18)(12,17)(13,16)(14,15) ] ->
[ (11,13,15,17)(12,14,16,18), (11,18)(12,17)(13,16)(14,15) ]
gap> imd8 := Image( incd8 );;
gap> MappingToOne( c4, imd8 );
[ (11,13,15,17)(12,14,16,18) ] -> [ () ]
]]>
</Example>
<ManSection>
<Oper Name="InnerAutomorphismsByNormalSubgroup"
Arg="G N" />
<Description>
Inner automorphisms of a group <C>G</C>
by the elements of a normal subgroup <C>N</C> are calculated,
often with <C>G</C> = <C>N</C>.
</Description>
</ManSection>
<P/>
<Example>
<![CDATA[
gap> autd8 := AutomorphismGroup( d8 );;
gap> innd8 := InnerAutomorphismsByNormalSubgroup( d8, d8 );;
gap> GeneratorsOfGroup( innd8 );
[ ^(1,2,3,4), ^(1,3) ]
]]>
</Example>
<ManSection>
<Prop Name="IsGroupOfAutomorphisms"
Arg="A" />
<Description>
Tests whether the elements of a group are automorphisms.
</Description>
</ManSection>
<P/>
<Example>
<![CDATA[
gap> IsGroupOfAutomorphisms( innd8 );
true
]]>
</Example>
</Section>
<ManSection>
<Oper Name="AbelianModuleObject"
Arg="grp act" />
<Prop Name="IsAbelianModule"
Arg="obj" />
<Attr Name="AbelianModuleGroup"
Arg="obj" />
<Attr Name="AbelianModuleAction"
Arg="obj" />
<Description>
An abelian module is an abelian group together with a group action.
These are used by the crossed module constructor
<Ref Oper="XModByAbelianModule"/>.
<P/>
The resulting <C>Xabmod</C> is isomorphic to the output from
<C>XModByAutomorphismGroup( k4 );</C>.
</Description>
</ManSection>
<P/>
<Example>
<![CDATA[
gap> x := (6,7)(8,9);; y := (6,8)(7,9);; z := (6,9)(7,8);;
gap> k4a := Group( x, y );; SetName( k4a, "k4a" );
gap> gens3a := [ (1,2), (2,3) ];;
gap> s3a := Group( gens3a );; SetName( s3a, "s3a" );
gap> alpha := GroupHomomorphismByImages( k4a, k4a, [x,y], [y,x] );;
gap> beta := GroupHomomorphismByImages( k4a, k4a, [x,y], [x,z] );;
gap> auta := Group( alpha, beta );;
gap> acta := GroupHomomorphismByImages( s3a, auta, gens3a, [alpha,beta] );;
gap> abmod := AbelianModuleObject( k4a, acta );;
gap> Xabmod := XModByAbelianModule( abmod );
[k4a->s3a]
gap> Display( Xabmod );
Crossed module [k4a->s3a] :-
: Source group k4a has generators:
[ (6,7)(8,9), (6,8)(7,9) ]
: Range group s3a has generators:
[ (1,2), (2,3) ]
: Boundary homomorphism maps source generators to:
[ (), () ]
: Action homomorphism maps range generators to automorphisms:
(1,2) --> { source gens --> [ (6,8)(7,9), (6,7)(8,9) ] }
(2,3) --> { source gens --> [ (6,7)(8,9), (6,9)(7,8) ] }
These 2 automorphisms generate the group of automorphisms.
]]>
</Example>
</Section>
</Chapter>
Messung V0.5 in Prozent
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(vorverarbeitet am 2026-06-06)
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Bemerkung:
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