Quelle sysfiles.c Sprache: C

/****************************************************************************
**
**  This file is part of GAP, a system for computational discrete algebra.
**
**  Copyright of GAP belongs to its developers, whose names are too numerous
**  to list here. Please refer to the COPYRIGHT file for details.
**
**  SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
**
**  This file implements operating system dependent functions dealing with
**  file and stream operations.
*/

// ensure we can access large files
#define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64

#include "sysfiles.h"

#include "bool.h"
#include "calls.h"
#include "error.h"
#include "gapstate.h"
#include "gaputils.h"
#include "gvars.h"
#include "io.h"
#include "lists.h"
#include "modules.h"
#include "plist.h"
#include "precord.h"
#include "read.h"
#include "records.h"
#include "stats.h"
#include "stringobj.h"
#include "sysopt.h"
#include "sysstr.h"
#include "system.h"

#include "hpc/thread.h"

#include "config.h"

#include <assert.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_WAIT_H
#include <sys/wait.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SELECT
// Only for the Hook handler calls:
#include <sys/time.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL_H                       // signal handling functions
#include <signal.h>
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H
#include <sys/ioctl.h>                  // for TIOCGWINSZ
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_LIBREADLINE
// the following two definitions silence some compiler warnings in the
// readline headers; the first one suppresses the definition of a few
// deprecated (!) and unused typedefs; the second indicates that stdarg.h is
// available (since compiling GAP requires C99, this is guaranteed)
#define _FUNCTION_DEF
#define HAVE_STDARG_H
#include <readline/readline.h>
#endif

#include <zlib.h>

#include <sys/utsname.h>

// 'EndLineHook' is a GAP-level variable which can be set to a function to be
// called at end of each command line (i.e. after the user presses enter).
// If not bound, nothing is done.
static Obj EndLineHook = 0;

/****************************************************************************
**
*V  syBuf . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  buffer and other info for files, local
**
**  'syBuf' is an array used as  buffers for  file I/O to   prevent the C I/O
**  routines  from   allocating their  buffers  using  'malloc',  which would
**  otherwise confuse Gasman.
**
**
**  Actually these days SyBuf just stores various file info. SyBuffers
**  stores buffers for the relatively few files that need them.
*/

// The type of file stored in a 'SYS_SY_BUF'
typedef enum {
    unused_socket,    // Socket is free
    raw_socket,       // Plain UNIX socket stored in 'fp'
    gzip_socket       // A gzFile handled by zlib stored in 'gzfp'
} GAPSocketType;

GAP_STATIC_ASSERT(unused_socket == 0, "unused_socket must be zero");

typedef struct {
    // gzfp is used if type == gzip_socket
    gzFile gzfp;

    // file descriptor for this file (only used if type == raw_socket)
    int fp;

    // file descriptor for the echo (only used if type == raw_socket)
    int echo;

    // file is either a plain descriptor, pipe or gzipped
    GAPSocketType type;

    // set to 1 by any read operation that hits eof; reset to 0 by a
    // subsequent successful read
    BOOL ateof;

    // records that last character read was \r for cygwin and other systems
    // that need end-of-line hackery
    BOOL crlast;

    // if non-negative then this file has a buffer in syBuffers[bufno]; if
    // negative, this file may not be buffered
    int bufno;

    // set when this fid is a *stdin* or *errin* and really is a tty
    BOOL isTTY;
} SYS_SY_BUF;

#define SYS_FILE_BUF_SIZE 20000

typedef struct {
    Char buf[SYS_FILE_BUF_SIZE];
    BOOL inuse;
    UInt bufstart;
    UInt buflen;
} SYS_SY_BUFFER;

static SYS_SY_BUF syBuf[256];

static SYS_SY_BUFFER syBuffers[32];

// utility to check return value of 'write'
static ssize_t echoandcheck(int fid, const char *buf, size_t count)
{
  int ret;
  if (syBuf[fid].type == gzip_socket) {
      ret = gzwrite(syBuf[fid].gzfp, buf, count);
      if (ret < 0) {
          ErrorQuit(
              "Could not write to compressed file, see 'LastSystemError();'\n",
              0, 0);
      }
  }
  else {
      ret = write(syBuf[fid].echo, buf, count);
      if (ret < 0) {
          if (syBuf[fid].echo == fileno(stdout)) {
              Panic("Could not write to stdout: %s (errno %d, fid %d)",
                    strerror(errno), errno, fid);
          }
          else if (syBuf[fid].echo == fileno(stderr)) {
              Panic("Could not write to stderr: %s (errno %d, fid %d)",
                    strerror(errno), errno, fid);
          }
          else {
              ErrorQuit("Could not write to file descriptor %d (fid %d), see "
                        "'LastSystemError();'\n",
                        syBuf[fid].echo, fid);
          }
      }
  }
  return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyGAPCRC( <name> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . crc of a GAP file
**
**  This function should  be clever and handle  white spaces and comments but
**  one has to make certain that such characters are not ignored in strings.
**
**  This function *never* returns a 0 unless an error occurred.
*/
static const UInt4 syCcitt32[ 256 ] =
{
0x00000000L, 0x77073096L, 0xee0e612cL, 0x990951baL, 0x076dc419L,
0x706af48fL, 0xe963a535L, 0x9e6495a3L, 0x0edb8832L, 0x79dcb8a4L, 0xe0d5e91eL,
0x97d2d988L, 0x09b64c2bL, 0x7eb17cbdL, 0xe7b82d07L, 0x90bf1d91L, 0x1db71064L,
0x6ab020f2L, 0xf3b97148L, 0x84be41deL, 0x1adad47dL, 0x6ddde4ebL, 0xf4d4b551L,
0x83d385c7L, 0x136c9856L, 0x646ba8c0L, 0xfd62f97aL, 0x8a65c9ecL, 0x14015c4fL,
0x63066cd9L, 0xfa0f3d63L, 0x8d080df5L, 0x3b6e20c8L, 0x4c69105eL, 0xd56041e4L,
0xa2677172L, 0x3c03e4d1L, 0x4b04d447L, 0xd20d85fdL, 0xa50ab56bL, 0x35b5a8faL,
0x42b2986cL, 0xdbbbc9d6L, 0xacbcf940L, 0x32d86ce3L, 0x45df5c75L, 0xdcd60dcfL,
0xabd13d59L, 0x26d930acL, 0x51de003aL, 0xc8d75180L, 0xbfd06116L, 0x21b4f4b5L,
0x56b3c423L, 0xcfba9599L, 0xb8bda50fL, 0x2802b89eL, 0x5f058808L, 0xc60cd9b2L,
0xb10be924L, 0x2f6f7c87L, 0x58684c11L, 0xc1611dabL, 0xb6662d3dL, 0x76dc4190L,
0x01db7106L, 0x98d220bcL, 0xefd5102aL, 0x71b18589L, 0x06b6b51fL, 0x9fbfe4a5L,
0xe8b8d433L, 0x7807c9a2L, 0x0f00f934L, 0x9609a88eL, 0xe10e9818L, 0x7f6a0dbbL,
0x086d3d2dL, 0x91646c97L, 0xe6635c01L, 0x6b6b51f4L, 0x1c6c6162L, 0x856530d8L,
0xf262004eL, 0x6c0695edL, 0x1b01a57bL, 0x8208f4c1L, 0xf50fc457L, 0x65b0d9c6L,
0x12b7e950L, 0x8bbeb8eaL, 0xfcb9887cL, 0x62dd1ddfL, 0x15da2d49L, 0x8cd37cf3L,
0xfbd44c65L, 0x4db26158L, 0x3ab551ceL, 0xa3bc0074L, 0xd4bb30e2L, 0x4adfa541L,
0x3dd895d7L, 0xa4d1c46dL, 0xd3d6f4fbL, 0x4369e96aL, 0x346ed9fcL, 0xad678846L,
0xda60b8d0L, 0x44042d73L, 0x33031de5L, 0xaa0a4c5fL, 0xdd0d7cc9L, 0x5005713cL,
0x270241aaL, 0xbe0b1010L, 0xc90c2086L, 0x5768b525L, 0x206f85b3L, 0xb966d409L,
0xce61e49fL, 0x5edef90eL, 0x29d9c998L, 0xb0d09822L, 0xc7d7a8b4L, 0x59b33d17L,
0x2eb40d81L, 0xb7bd5c3bL, 0xc0ba6cadL, 0xedb88320L, 0x9abfb3b6L, 0x03b6e20cL,
0x74b1d29aL, 0xead54739L, 0x9dd277afL, 0x04db2615L, 0x73dc1683L, 0xe3630b12L,
0x94643b84L, 0x0d6d6a3eL, 0x7a6a5aa8L, 0xe40ecf0bL, 0x9309ff9dL, 0x0a00ae27L,
0x7d079eb1L, 0xf00f9344L, 0x8708a3d2L, 0x1e01f268L, 0x6906c2feL, 0xf762575dL,
0x806567cbL, 0x196c3671L, 0x6e6b06e7L, 0xfed41b76L, 0x89d32be0L, 0x10da7a5aL,
0x67dd4accL, 0xf9b9df6fL, 0x8ebeeff9L, 0x17b7be43L, 0x60b08ed5L, 0xd6d6a3e8L,
0xa1d1937eL, 0x38d8c2c4L, 0x4fdff252L, 0xd1bb67f1L, 0xa6bc5767L, 0x3fb506ddL,
0x48b2364bL, 0xd80d2bdaL, 0xaf0a1b4cL, 0x36034af6L, 0x41047a60L, 0xdf60efc3L,
0xa867df55L, 0x316e8eefL, 0x4669be79L, 0xcb61b38cL, 0xbc66831aL, 0x256fd2a0L,
0x5268e236L, 0xcc0c7795L, 0xbb0b4703L, 0x220216b9L, 0x5505262fL, 0xc5ba3bbeL,
0xb2bd0b28L, 0x2bb45a92L, 0x5cb36a04L, 0xc2d7ffa7L, 0xb5d0cf31L, 0x2cd99e8bL,
0x5bdeae1dL, 0x9b64c2b0L, 0xec63f226L, 0x756aa39cL, 0x026d930aL, 0x9c0906a9L,
0xeb0e363fL, 0x72076785L, 0x05005713L, 0x95bf4a82L, 0xe2b87a14L, 0x7bb12baeL,
0x0cb61b38L, 0x92d28e9bL, 0xe5d5be0dL, 0x7cdcefb7L, 0x0bdbdf21L, 0x86d3d2d4L,
0xf1d4e242L, 0x68ddb3f8L, 0x1fda836eL, 0x81be16cdL, 0xf6b9265bL, 0x6fb077e1L,
0x18b74777L, 0x88085ae6L, 0xff0f6a70L, 0x66063bcaL, 0x11010b5cL, 0x8f659effL,
0xf862ae69L, 0x616bffd3L, 0x166ccf45L, 0xa00ae278L, 0xd70dd2eeL, 0x4e048354L,
0x3903b3c2L, 0xa7672661L, 0xd06016f7L, 0x4969474dL, 0x3e6e77dbL, 0xaed16a4aL,
0xd9d65adcL, 0x40df0b66L, 0x37d83bf0L, 0xa9bcae53L, 0xdebb9ec5L, 0x47b2cf7fL,
0x30b5ffe9L, 0xbdbdf21cL, 0xcabac28aL, 0x53b39330L, 0x24b4a3a6L, 0xbad03605L,
0xcdd70693L, 0x54de5729L, 0x23d967bfL, 0xb3667a2eL, 0xc4614ab8L, 0x5d681b02L,
0x2a6f2b94L, 0xb40bbe37L, 0xc30c8ea1L, 0x5a05df1bL, 0x2d02ef8dL
};

Int4 SyGAPCRC( const Char * name )
{
    UInt4       crc;
    UInt4       old;
    UInt4       new;
    Int4        ch;
    Int         fid;
    Int         seen_nl;

    // the CRC of a non existing file is 0
    fid = SyFopen(name, "r", TRUE);
    if ( fid == -1 ) {
        return 0;
    }

    // read in the file byte by byte and compute the CRC
    crc = 0x12345678L;
    seen_nl = 0;

    while ( (ch = SyGetch(fid) )!= EOF ) {
        if ( ch == '\377' || ch == '\n' || ch == '\r' )
            ch = '\n';
        if ( ch == '\n' ) {
            if ( seen_nl )
                continue;
            else
                seen_nl = 1;
        }
        else
            seen_nl = 0;
        old = (crc >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFFL;
        new = syCcitt32[ ( (UInt4)( crc ^ ch ) ) & 0xff ];
        crc = old ^ new;
    }
    if ( crc == 0 ) {
        crc = 1;
    }

    // and close it again
    SyFclose( fid );
    // Emulate a signed shift:
    if (crc & 0x80000000L)
        return (Int4) ((crc >> 4) | 0xF0000000L);
    else
        return (Int4) (crc >> 4);
}

/*
<#GAPDoc Label="CrcString">
<ManSection>
<Func Name="CrcString" Arg='str'/>
<Returns>an integer</Returns>

<Description>
<Index>hash function</Index>
<Index>checksum</Index>
This function computes a CRC (cyclic redundancy check) number from a string
<A>str</A>. See also <Ref Func="CrcFile"/> and <Ref Func="HexSHA256"/>.
<Example>
gap> CrcString("GAP example string");
-50451670
</Example>
</Description>
</ManSection>

<#/GAPDoc>
*/

// And here we include a variant working on a GAP string
static Obj FuncCrcString(Obj self, Obj str)
{
    UInt4       crc;
    UInt4       old;
    UInt4       new;
    UInt4       i, len;
    const Char  *ptr;
    Int4        ch;
    Int         seen_nl;

    RequireStringRep(SELF_NAME, str);

    ptr = CONST_CSTR_STRING(str);
    len = GET_LEN_STRING(str);
    crc = 0x12345678L;
    seen_nl = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
        ch = (Int4)(ptr[i]);
        if ( ch == '\377' || ch == '\n' || ch == '\r' )
            ch = '\n';
        if ( ch == '\n' ) {
            if ( seen_nl )
                continue;
            else
                seen_nl = 1;
        }
        else
            seen_nl = 0;
        old = (crc >> 8) & 0x00FFFFFFL;
        new = syCcitt32[ ( (UInt4)( crc ^ ch ) ) & 0xff ];
        crc = old ^ new;
    }
    if ( crc == 0 ) {
        crc = 1;
    }
    return INTOBJ_INT(((Int4) crc) >> 4);
}

// Get OS Kernel version. Used to discover if GAP is running inside
// 'Windows Subsystem for Linux'
Obj SyGetOsRelease(void)
{
    Obj            r = NEW_PREC(0);
    struct utsname buf;
    if (!uname(&buf)) {
        AssPRec(r, RNamName("sysname"), MakeImmString(buf.sysname));
        AssPRec(r, RNamName("nodename"), MakeImmString(buf.nodename));
        AssPRec(r, RNamName("release"), MakeImmString(buf.release));
        AssPRec(r, RNamName("version"), MakeImmString(buf.version));
        AssPRec(r, RNamName("machine"), MakeImmString(buf.machine));
    }

    return r;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * window handler * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
*/

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  IS_SEP( <C> ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  is <C> a separator
*/
#define IS_SEP(C)       (!IsAlpha(C) && !IsDigit(C) && (C)!='_')

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  CTR( <V> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  convert <V> into control-<V>
*/
#define CTR(C)          ((C) & 0x1F)    // <ctr> character

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  Esc( <V> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . convert <V> into escape-<V>
*/
#define Esc(C)          ((C) | 0x100)   // <esc> character

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  CTV( <V> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  convert <V> into quote <V>
*/
#define CTV(C)          ((C) | 0x200)   // <ctr>V quotes characters

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  syWinPut( <fid>, <cmd>, <str> ) . . . . send a line to the window handler
**
**  'syWinPut'  send the command   <cmd> and the  string  <str> to the window
**  handler associated with the  file identifier <fid>.   In the string <str>
**  '@'  characters are duplicated, and   control characters are converted to
**  '@<chr>', e.g., <newline> is converted to '@J'.
*/
void syWinPut (
    Int                 fid,
    const Char *        cmd,
    const Char *        str )
{
    Char                tmp [130];      // temporary buffer
    const Char *        s;              // pointer into the string
    Char *              t;              // pointer into the temporary

    // if not running under a window handler, don't do anything
    if (!SyWindow || 4 <= fid || syBuf[fid].type == gzip_socket)
        return;

    // print the cmd
    echoandcheck( fid, cmd, strlen(cmd) );

    // print the output line, duplicate '@' and handle <ctr>-<chr>
    s = str;  t = tmp;
    while ( *s != '\0' ) {
        if ( *s == '@' ) {
            *t++ = '@';  *t++ = *s++;
        }
        else if ( CTR('A') <= *s && *s <= CTR('Z') ) {
            *t++ = '@';  *t++ = *s++ - CTR('A') + 'A';
        }
        else {
            *t++ = *s++;
        }
        if ( 128 <= t-tmp ) {
            echoandcheck( fid, tmp, t-tmp );
            t = tmp;
        }
    }
    if ( 0 < t-tmp ) {
        echoandcheck( fid, tmp, t-tmp );
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyWinCmd( <str>, <len> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . .  execute a window cmd
**
**  'SyWinCmd' send   the  command <str> to  the   window  handler (<len>  is
**  ignored).  In the string <str> '@' characters are duplicated, and control
**  characters  are converted to  '@<chr>', e.g.,  <newline> is converted  to
**  '@J'.  Then  'SyWinCmd' waits for  the window handlers answer and returns
**  that string.
*/
static Char WinCmdBuffer[8000];

const Char * SyWinCmd (
    const Char *        str,
    UInt                len )
{
    Char                buf [130];      // temporary buffer
    const Char *        s;              // pointer into the string
    const Char *        bb;             // pointer into the temporary
    Char *              b;              // pointer into the temporary
    UInt                i;              // loop variable
#ifdef SYS_IS_CYGWIN32
    UInt                len1;           // temporary storage for len
#endif

    // if not running under a window handler, don't do nothing
    if ( ! SyWindow )
        return "I1+S52+No Window Handler Present";

    // compute the length of the (expanded) string (and ignore argument)
    len = 0;
    for ( s = str; *s != '\0'; s++ )
        len += 1 + (*s == '@' || (CTR('A') <= *s && *s <= CTR('Z')));

    // send the length to the window handler
    b = buf;
    for ( ; 0 < len;  len /= 10 ) {
        *b++ = (len % 10) + '0';
    }
    *b++ = '+';
    *b++ = '\0';
    syWinPut( 1, "@w", buf );

    // send the string to the window handler
    syWinPut( 1, "", str );

    // read the length of the answer
    b = WinCmdBuffer;
    i = 3;
    while ( 0 < i ) {
        len = read( 0, b, i );
        i  -= len;
        b  += len;
    }
    if ( WinCmdBuffer[0] != '@' || WinCmdBuffer[1] != 'a' )
        return "I1+S41+Illegal Answer";
    b = WinCmdBuffer+2;
    for ( i=1,len=0; '0' <= *b && *b <= '9';  i *= 10 ) {
        len += (*b-'0')*i;
        while ( read( 0, b, 1 ) != 1 )  ;
    }

    // read the arguments of the answer
    b = WinCmdBuffer;
    i = len;
#ifdef SYS_IS_CYGWIN32
    len1 = len;
    while ( 0 < i ) {
        len = read( 0, b, i );
        b += len;
        i  -= len;
        s  += len;
    }
    len = len1;
#else
    while ( 0 < i ) {
        len = read( 0, b, i );
        i  -= len;
        s  += len;
    }
#endif

    // shrink '@@' into '@'
    for ( bb = b = WinCmdBuffer;  0 < len;  len-- ) {
        if ( *bb == '@' ) {
            bb++;
            if ( *bb == '@' )
                *b++ = '@';
            else if ( 'A' <= *bb && *bb <= 'Z' )
                *b++ = CTR(*bb);
            bb++;
        }
        else {
            *b++ = *bb++;
        }
    }
    *b = 0;

    // return the string
    return WinCmdBuffer;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * open/close * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
*/

// Mark a member of syBuf as unused
static void SyBufMarkUnused(Int i)
{
    GAP_ASSERT(i >= 0 && i < ARRAY_SIZE(syBuf));
    memset(&(syBuf[i]), 0, sizeof(syBuf[i]));
    syBuf[i].type = unused_socket;
}

// There is no explicit method to mark syBufs as used,
// they are marked as used when created.

// Check if a member of syBuf is in use
static Int SyBufInUse(Int i)
{
    if (i >= 0 && i < ARRAY_SIZE(syBuf))
        return syBuf[i].type != unused_socket;
    return 0;
}

void SyRedirectStderrToStdOut(void)
{
    syBuf[2].fp = syBuf[0].fp;
    syBuf[2].echo = syBuf[0].echo;
    syBuf[2].isTTY = syBuf[0].isTTY;
    syBuf[3].fp = syBuf[1].fp;
    syBuf[3].echo = syBuf[1].echo;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyBufFileno( <fid> ) . . . . . . . . . . . .  get operating system fileno
**
**  Given a 'syBuf' buffer id, return the associated file descriptor, if any.
**  For gzipped files, -1 is returned.
*/
int SyBufFileno(Int fid)
{
    if (fid == -1)
        return -1;
    GAP_ASSERT(0 <= fid && fid < ARRAY_SIZE(syBuf));

    // fp is only valid in the raw case
    return (syBuf[fid].type == raw_socket) ? syBuf[fid].fp : -1;
}

BOOL SyBufIsTTY(Int fid)
{
    GAP_ASSERT(0 <= fid && fid < ARRAY_SIZE(syBuf));
    return syBuf[fid].isTTY;
}

void SyBufSetEOF(Int fid)
{
    GAP_ASSERT(0 <= fid && fid < ARRAY_SIZE(syBuf));
    syBuf[fid].ateof = TRUE;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyFopen( <name>, <mode>, <transparent_compress> )
*F                                             open the file with name <name>
**
**  The function 'SyFopen'  is called to open the file with the name  <name>.
**  If <mode> is "r" it is opened for reading, in this case  it  must  exist.
**  If <mode> is "w" it is opened for writing, it is created  if  necessary.
**  If <mode> is "a" it is opened for appending, i.e., it is  not  truncated.
**
**  'SyFopen' returns an integer used by the scanner to  identify  the  file.
**  'SyFopen' returns -1 if it cannot open the file.
**
**  The following standard files names and file identifiers  are  guaranteed:
**  'SyFopen( "*stdin*", "r", ..)' returns 0, the standard input file.
**  'SyFopen( "*stdout*","w", ..)' returns 1, the standard outpt file.
**  'SyFopen( "*errin*", "r", ..)' returns 2, the brk loop input file.
**  'SyFopen( "*errout*","w", ..)' returns 3, the error messages file.
**
**  If it is necessary  to adjust the filename  this should be done here, the
**  filename convention used in GAP is that '/' is the directory separator.
**
**  Right now GAP does not read nonascii files, but if this changes sometimes
**  'SyFopen' must adjust the mode argument to open the file in binary mode.
**
**  If <transparent_compress> is TRUE, files with names ending '.gz' will be
**  automatically compressed/decompressed using gzip.
*/

Int SyFopen(const Char * name, const Char * mode, BOOL transparent_compress)
{
    Int                 fid;
    Char                namegz [1024];
    int                 flags = 0;

    Char * terminator = strrchr(name, '.');
    BOOL   endsgz = terminator && (streq(terminator, ".gz"));

    // handle standard files
    if (streq(name, "*stdin*")) {
        return streq(mode, "r") ? 0 : -1;
    }
    else if (streq(name, "*stdout*")) {
        return streq(mode, "w") || streq(mode, "a") ? 1 : -1;
    }
    else if (streq(name, "*errin*")) {
        return (streq(mode, "r") && SyBufInUse(2)) ? 2 : -1;
    }
    else if (streq(name, "*errout*")) {
        return streq(mode, "w") || streq(mode, "a") ? 3 : -1;
    }

    HashLock(&syBuf);
    // try to find an unused file identifier
    for ( fid = 4; fid < ARRAY_SIZE(syBuf); ++fid )
        if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) )
          break;

    if ( fid == ARRAY_SIZE(syBuf) ) {
        HashUnlock(&syBuf);
        return (Int)-1;
    }

    // set up <namegz>
    gap_strlcpy(namegz, name, sizeof(namegz));
    if (gap_strlcat(namegz, ".gz", sizeof(namegz)) >= sizeof(namegz)) {
        // buffer was not big enough, give up
        namegz[0] = '\0';
    }
    if (*mode == 'r')
        flags = O_RDONLY;
    else if (*mode == 'w')
        flags = O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC;
    else if (*mode == 'a')
        flags = O_WRONLY | O_APPEND | O_CREAT;
    else {
        Panic("Unknown mode %s", mode);
    }

#ifdef SYS_IS_CYGWIN32
    if (strlen(mode) >= 2 && mode[1] == 'b')
        flags |= O_BINARY;
#endif

    // try to open the file
    if (endsgz && transparent_compress &&
        (syBuf[fid].gzfp = gzopen(name, mode))) {
        syBuf[fid].type = gzip_socket;
        syBuf[fid].fp = -1;
        syBuf[fid].bufno = -1;
    }
    else if (0 <= (syBuf[fid].fp = open(name, flags, 0644))) {
        syBuf[fid].type = raw_socket;
        syBuf[fid].echo = syBuf[fid].fp;
        syBuf[fid].bufno = -1;
    }
    else if (*mode == 'r' && transparent_compress &&
             SyIsReadableFile(namegz) == 0 &&
             (syBuf[fid].gzfp = gzopen(namegz, mode))) {
        syBuf[fid].type = gzip_socket;
        syBuf[fid].fp = -1;
        syBuf[fid].bufno = -1;
    }
    else {
        HashUnlock(&syBuf);
        return (Int)-1;
    }

    HashUnlock(&syBuf);

    if (*mode == 'r')
        SySetBuffering(fid);

    // return file identifier
    return fid;
}

// Lock on SyBuf for both SyBuf and SyBuffers

UInt SySetBuffering( UInt fid )
{
  UInt bufno;

  if (!SyBufInUse(fid))
    ErrorQuit("Can't set buffering for a closed stream", 0, 0);
  if (syBuf[fid].bufno >= 0)
    return 1;

  bufno = 0;
  HashLock(&syBuf);
  while (bufno < ARRAY_SIZE(syBuffers) && syBuffers[bufno].inuse)
    bufno++;
  if (bufno >= ARRAY_SIZE(syBuffers)) {
      HashUnlock(&syBuf);
      return 0;
  }
  syBuf[fid].bufno = bufno;
  syBuffers[bufno].inuse = TRUE;
  syBuffers[bufno].bufstart = 0;
  syBuffers[bufno].buflen = 0;
  HashUnlock(&syBuf);
  return 1;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyFclose( <fid> ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  close the file <fid>
**
**  'SyFclose' closes the file with the identifier <fid>  which  is  obtained
**  from 'SyFopen'.
*/
Int SyFclose (
    Int                 fid )
{
    // check file identifier
    if ( ARRAY_SIZE(syBuf) <= fid || fid < 0 ) {
        fputs("gap: panic 'SyFclose' asked to close illegal fid!\n",stderr);
        return -1;
    }
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        fputs("gap: panic 'SyFclose' asked to close closed file!\n",stderr);
        return -1;
    }

    // refuse to close the standard files
    if ( fid == 0 || fid == 1 || fid == 2 || fid == 3 ) {
        return -1;
    }
    HashLock(&syBuf);
    // try to close the file
    if (syBuf[fid].type == raw_socket && close(syBuf[fid].fp) == EOF) {
        fputs("gap: 'SyFclose' cannot close file, ",stderr);
        fputs("maybe your file system is full?\n",stderr);
        SyBufMarkUnused(fid);
        HashUnlock(&syBuf);
        return -1;
    }

    if (syBuf[fid].type == gzip_socket) {
        if (gzclose(syBuf[fid].gzfp) < 0) {
            fputs("gap: 'SyFclose' cannot close compressed file", stderr);
        }
    }

    // mark the buffer as unused
    if (syBuf[fid].bufno >= 0)
      syBuffers[syBuf[fid].bufno].inuse = FALSE;
    SyBufMarkUnused(fid);
    HashUnlock(&syBuf);
    return 0;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyIsEndOfFile( <fid> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . end of file reached
*/
Int SyIsEndOfFile (
    Int                 fid )
{
    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return -1;
    }

    // *stdin* and *errin* are never at end of file
    if ( fid < 4 )
        return 0;

    // How to detect end of file ??

    return syBuf[fid].ateof;
    /* return feof(syBuf[fid].fp);*/
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  syStartraw( <fid> ) . . . . . . start raw mode on input file <fid>, local
**
**  The  following four  functions are  the  actual system  dependent part of
**  'SyFgets'.
**
**  'syStartraw' tries to put the file with the file  identifier  <fid>  into
**  raw mode.  I.e.,  disabling  echo  and  any  buffering.  It also finds  a
**  place to put the echoing  for  'syEchoch'.  If  'syStartraw'  succeeds it
**  returns 1, otherwise, e.g., if the <fid> is not a terminal, it returns 0.
**
**  'syStopraw' stops the raw mode for the file  <fid>  again,  switching  it
**  back into whatever mode the terminal had before 'syStartraw'.
**
**  'syGetch' reads one character from the file <fid>, which must  have  been
**  turned into raw mode before, and returns it.
**
**  'syEchoch' puts the character <ch> to the file opened by 'syStartraw' for
**  echoing.  Note that if the user redirected 'stdout' but not 'stdin',  the
**  echo for 'stdin' must go to 'ttyname(fileno(stdin))' instead of 'stdout'.
*/

/****************************************************************************
**  For UNIX System V, input/output redirection and typeahead are  supported.
**  We  turn off input buffering  and canonical input editing and  also echo.
**  Because we leave the signals enabled  we  have  to disable the characters
**  for interrupt and quit, which are usually set to '<ctr>-C' and '<ctr>-B'.
**  We   also turn off the  xon/xoff  start  and  stop  characters, which are
**  usually set to  '<ctr>-S'  and '<ctr>-Q' so we  can get those characters.
**  We do  not turn of  signals  'ISIG' because  we want   to catch  stop and
**  continue signals if this particular version  of UNIX supports them, so we
**  can turn the terminal line back to cooked mode before stopping GAP.
*/
static struct termios   syOld, syNew;           // old and new terminal state

#ifdef SIGTSTP

static Int syFid;

static void syAnswerCont(int signr)
{
    syStartraw( syFid );
    signal( SIGCONT, SIG_DFL );
    kill( getpid(), SIGCONT );
}

static void syAnswerTstp(int signr)
{
    syStopraw( syFid );
    signal( SIGCONT, syAnswerCont );
    kill( getpid(), SIGTSTP );
}

#endif

UInt syStartraw ( Int fid )
{
    // if running under a window handler, tell it that we want to read
    if ( SyWindow ) {
        if      ( fid == 0 ) { syWinPut( fid, "@i", "" );  return 1; }
        else if ( fid == 2 ) { syWinPut( fid, "@e", "" );  return 1; }
        else {                                             return 0; }
    }

    // try to get the terminal attributes, will fail if not terminal
    const int fd = SyBufFileno(fid);
    GAP_ASSERT(fd >= 0);
    if ( tcgetattr( fd, &syOld) == -1 )
        return 0;

    // disable interrupt, quit, start and stop output characters
    syNew = syOld;
    syNew.c_cc[VINTR] = 0377;
    syNew.c_cc[VQUIT] = 0377;
    /*C 27-Nov-90 martin changing '<ctr>S' and '<ctr>Q' does not work      */
    /*C syNew.c_iflag    &= ~(IXON|INLCR|ICRNL);                           */
    syNew.c_iflag    &= ~(INLCR|ICRNL);

    // disable input buffering, line editing and echo
    syNew.c_cc[VMIN]  = 1;
    syNew.c_cc[VTIME] = 0;
    syNew.c_lflag    &= ~(ECHO|ICANON);

    if ( tcsetattr( fd, TCSANOW, &syNew) == -1 )
        return 0;

#ifdef SIGTSTP
    // install signal handler for stop
    syFid = fid;
    signal( SIGTSTP, syAnswerTstp );
#endif

    // indicate success
    return 1;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  syStopraw( <fid> )  . . . . . .  stop raw mode on input file <fid>, local
*/

void syStopraw (
    Int                 fid )
{
    // if running under a window handler, don't do nothing
    if ( SyWindow )
        return;

#ifdef SIGTSTP
    // remove signal handler for stop
    signal( SIGTSTP, SIG_DFL );
#endif

    // enable input buffering, line editing and echo again
    const int fd = SyBufFileno(fid);
    GAP_ASSERT(fd >= 0);
    if (tcsetattr(fd, TCSANOW, &syOld) == -1)
        fputs("gap: 'tcsetattr' could not turn off raw mode!\n",stderr);
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyIsIntr() . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . check whether user hit <ctr>-C
**
**  'SyIsIntr' is called from the evaluator at  regular  intervals  to  check
**  whether the user hit '<ctr>-C' to interrupt a computation.
**
**  'SyIsIntr' returns 1 if the user typed '<ctr>-C' and 0 otherwise.
*/

/****************************************************************************
**
*f  SyIsIntr()
**
**  For  UNIX  we  install 'syAnswerIntr' to  answer interrupt 'SIGINT'. If
**  two interrupts  occur within 1 second 'syAnswerIntr' exits GAP.
*/
#ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL

static UInt syLastIntr; // time of the last interrupt

#ifdef HAVE_LIBREADLINE
static Int doingReadline;
#endif

static void syAnswerIntr(int signr)
{
    UInt                nowIntr;

#ifdef HAVE_LIBREADLINE
    // ignore during readline
    if (doingReadline) return;
#endif

    // get the current wall clock time
    nowIntr = time(0);

    // if the last '<ctr>-C' was less than a second ago, exit GAP
    if ( syLastIntr && nowIntr-syLastIntr < 1 ) {
        fputs("gap: you hit '-C' twice in a second, goodbye.\n",stderr);
        SyExit( 1 );
    }

    // remember time of this interrupt
    syLastIntr = nowIntr;

#ifdef HAVE_SIGNAL
    // interrupt the executor
    InterruptExecStat();
#endif
}

void SyInstallAnswerIntr ( void )
{
    struct sigaction sa;

    sa.sa_handler = syAnswerIntr;
    sigemptyset(&(sa.sa_mask));
    sa.sa_flags = SA_RESTART;
    sigaction( SIGINT, &sa, NULL );
}

UInt SyIsIntr ( void )
{
    UInt                isIntr;

    isIntr = (syLastIntr != 0);
#ifdef HPCGAP
    /* The following write has to be conditional to avoid serious
     * performance degradation on shared memory (especially NUMA)
     * architectures when multiple threads all try to write to the same
     * location at the same time. Branch prediction can be expected to
     * be near perfect.
     */
    if (isIntr) syLastIntr = 0;
#else
    syLastIntr = 0;
#endif
    return isIntr;
}

#endif

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  InitWindowSize() . . . . . . . get screen size from termcap or TIOCGWINSZ
**
**  For UNIX  we  install 'syWindowChangeIntr' to answer 'SIGWINCH'.
*/

#ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
// signal routine: window size changed
void syWindowChangeIntr ( int signr )
{
    struct winsize win;
    if(ioctl(0, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *) &win) >= 0) {
        if(!SyNrRowsLocked && win.ws_row > 0)
            SyNrRows = win.ws_row;
        if(!SyNrColsLocked && win.ws_col > 0)
          SyNrCols = win.ws_col - 1;        // never trust last column
        if (SyNrCols < 20) SyNrCols = 20;
        if (SyNrCols > MAXLENOUTPUTLINE) SyNrCols = MAXLENOUTPUTLINE;
    }
}

#endif // TIOCGWINSZ

void InitWindowSize(void)
{
// it might be that SyNrRows, SyNrCols have been set by the user with -x, -y
// otherwise they are zero

// first strategy: try to ask the operating system
#ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
    if (SyNrRows <= 0 || SyNrCols <= 0) {
        struct winsize win;

        if(ioctl(0, TIOCGWINSZ, (char *) &win) >= 0) {
            if (SyNrRows <= 0)
                SyNrRows = win.ws_row;
            if (SyNrCols <= 0)
                SyNrCols = win.ws_col;
        }
        (void) signal(SIGWINCH, syWindowChangeIntr);
    }
#endif // TIOCGWINSZ

#ifdef USE_TERMCAP
// note that if we define TERMCAP, this has to be linked with -ltermcap
// maybe that is -ltermlib on some SYSV machines
    if (SyNrRows <= 0 || SyNrCols <= 0) {
              // this failed - next attempt: try to find info in TERMCAP
        char *sp;
        char bp[1024];

        if ((sp = getenv("TERM")) != NULL && tgetent(bp,sp) == 1) {
            if(SyNrRows <= 0)
                SyNrRows = tgetnum("li");
            if(SyNrCols <= 0)
                SyNrCols = tgetnum("co");
        }
    }
#endif

    // if nothing worked, use 80x24
    if (SyNrCols <= 0)
        SyNrCols = 80;
    if (SyNrRows <= 0)
        SyNrRows = 24;

    // reset SyNrCols if value is strange
    if (SyNrCols < 20) SyNrCols = 20;
    if (SyNrCols > MAXLENOUTPUTLINE) SyNrCols = MAXLENOUTPUTLINE;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * output * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
*/

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  syEchoch( <ch>, <fid> ) . . . . . . . . . . . echo a char to <fid>, local
*/

/****************************************************************************
**
*f  syEchoch( <ch>, <fid> )
*/
static void syEchoch(Int ch, Int fid)
{
    Char                ch2;

    // write the character to the associate echo output device
    ch2 = ch;
    echoandcheck( fid, (char*)&ch2, 1 );

    // if running under a window handler, duplicate '@'
    if ( SyWindow && ch == '@' ) {
        ch2 = ch;
        echoandcheck( fid, (char*)&ch2, 1 );
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyEchoch( <ch>, <fid> ) . . . . . . . . . . . . .  echo a char from <fid>
*/
Int SyEchoch (
    Int                 ch,
    Int                 fid )
{
    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return -1;
    }
    syEchoch(ch,fid);
    return 0;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  syEchos( <ch>, <fid> )  . . . . . . . . . . . echo a char to <fid>, local
*/

/****************************************************************************
**
*f  syEchos( <ch>, <fid> )
*/
static void syEchos(const Char * str, Int fid)
{
    // if running under a window handler, send the line to it
    if ( SyWindow && fid < 4 )
        syWinPut( fid, (fid == 1 ? "@n" : "@f"), str );

    // otherwise, write it to the associate echo output device
    else
        echoandcheck(fid, str, strlen(str) );
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyFputs( <line>, <fid> )  . . . . . . . .  write a line to the file <fid>
**
**  'SyFputs' is called to put the  <line>  to the file identified  by <fid>.
*/
static UInt syNrchar;                   // nr of chars already on the line
static Char syPrompt[MAXLENOUTPUTLINE]; // characters already on the line

/****************************************************************************
**
*f  SyFputs( <line>, <fid> )
*/
void SyFputs (
    const Char *        line,
    Int                 fid )
{
    UInt                i;

    // if outputting to the terminal compute the cursor position and length
    if ( fid == 1 || fid == 3 ) {
        syNrchar = 0;
        for ( i = 0; line[i] != '\0'; i++ ) {
            if ( line[i] == '\n' )  syNrchar = 0;
            else                    syPrompt[syNrchar++] = line[i];
        }
        syPrompt[syNrchar] = '\0';
    }

    // otherwise compute only the length
    else {
        i = strlen(line);
    }

    // if running under a window handler, send the line to it
    if ( SyWindow && fid < 4 )
        syWinPut( fid, (fid == 1 ? "@n" : "@f"), line );

    // otherwise, write it to the output file
    else
        echoandcheck(fid, line, i);
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * input  * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *
*/

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyFtell( <fid> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  position of stream
*/
Int SyFtell (
    Int                 fid )
{
    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return -1;
    }

    Int ret;

    switch (syBuf[fid].type) {
    case raw_socket:
        ret = (Int)lseek(syBuf[fid].fp, 0, SEEK_CUR);
        break;
    case gzip_socket:
        ret = (Int)gzseek(syBuf[fid].gzfp, 0, SEEK_CUR);
        break;
    case unused_socket:
    default:
        return -1;
    }

    // Need to account for characters in buffer
    if (syBuf[fid].bufno >= 0) {
        UInt bufno = syBuf[fid].bufno;
        ret -= syBuffers[bufno].buflen - syBuffers[bufno].bufstart;
    }
    return ret;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyFseek( <fid>, <pos> )   . . . . . . . . . . . seek a position of stream
*/
Int SyFseek (
    Int                 fid,
    Int                 pos )
{
    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (syBuf[fid].bufno >= 0) {
        UInt bufno = syBuf[fid].bufno;
        syBuffers[bufno].buflen = 0;
        syBuffers[bufno].bufstart = 0;
    }

    switch (syBuf[fid].type) {
    case raw_socket:
        return (Int)lseek(syBuf[fid].fp, pos, SEEK_SET);
    case gzip_socket:
        return (Int)gzseek(syBuf[fid].gzfp, pos, SEEK_SET);
    case unused_socket:
    default:
        return -1;
    }
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  syGetchTerm( <fid> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . get a char from <fid>
**
**  'SyGetchTerm' reads a character from <fid>, which is already switched
**  to raw mode if it is *stdin* or *errin*.

*/

/****************************************************************************
**
*f  syGetchTerm( <fid> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . UNIX
**
**  This version should be called if the input is stdin and command-line editing
**  etc. is switched on. It handles possible messages from xgap and systems
**  that return odd things rather than waiting for a key
**
*/

/* In the cygwin environment it is not predictable if text files get the
* '\r' in their line ends filtered out *before* GAP sees them. This leads
* to problem with continuation of strings or integers over several lines in
* GAP input. Therefore we introduce a hack which removes such '\r's
* before '\n's on such a system. Add here if there are other systems with
* a similar problem.
*/

#ifdef SYS_IS_CYGWIN32
#  define LINE_END_HACK 1
#endif

Int SyRead(Int fid, void * ptr, size_t len)
{
    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (syBuf[fid].type == gzip_socket) {
        return gzread(syBuf[fid].gzfp, ptr, len);
    }
    else {
        return read(syBuf[fid].fp, ptr, len);
    }
}

Int SyReadWithBuffer(Int fid, void * ptr, size_t len)
{
    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return -1;
    }

    // first drain the buffer
    if (syBuf[fid].bufno >= 0) {
        UInt   bufno = syBuf[fid].bufno;
        size_t avail = syBuffers[bufno].buflen - syBuffers[bufno].bufstart;
        if (avail > 0) {
            if (avail > len)
                avail = len;
            memcpy(ptr, syBuffers[bufno].buf + syBuffers[bufno].bufstart,
                   avail);
            syBuffers[bufno].bufstart += avail;
            return avail;
        }
    }

    return SyRead(fid, ptr, len);
}

Int SyWrite(Int fid, const void * ptr, size_t len)
{
    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return -1;
    }

    if (syBuf[fid].type == gzip_socket) {
        return gzwrite(syBuf[fid].gzfp, ptr, len);
    }
    else {
        return write(syBuf[fid].echo, ptr, len);
    }
}

static Int syGetchTerm(Int fid)
{
    UChar                ch;
    Char                str[2];
    Int ret;

    // retry on errors or end-of-file. Ignore 0 bytes

#ifdef LINE_END_HACK
tryagain:
#endif
    while ( (ret = SyRead( fid, &ch, 1 )) == -1 && errno == EAGAIN )
        ;
    if (ret <= 0) return EOF;

    // if running under a window handler, handle special characters
    if ( SyWindow && ch == '@' ) {
        do {
            while ( (ret = SyRead(fid, &ch, 1)) == -1 &&
                    errno == EAGAIN ) ;
            if (ret <= 0) return EOF;
        } while ( ch < '@' || 'z' < ch );
        if ( ch == 'y' ) {
            do {
                while ( (ret = SyRead(fid, &ch, 1)) == -1 &&
                        errno == EAGAIN );
                if (ret <= 0) return EOF;
            } while ( ch < '@' || 'z' < ch );
            str[0] = ch;
            str[1] = 0;
            syWinPut( syBuf[fid].echo, "@s", str );
            ch = syGetchTerm(fid);
        }
        else if ( 'A' <= ch && ch <= 'Z' )
            ch = CTR(ch);
    }

#ifdef LINE_END_HACK
    /* A hack for non ANSI-C confirming systems which deliver \r or \r\n
     * line ends. These are translated to \n here.
     */
    if (ch == '\n') {
        if (syBuf[fid].crlast) {
            syBuf[fid].crlast = FALSE;
            goto tryagain;
        } else
            return (UChar)'\n';
    }
    if (ch == '\r') {
        syBuf[fid].crlast = TRUE;
        return (Int)'\n';
    }
    // We saw a '\r' without a '\n'
    syBuf[fid].crlast = FALSE;
#endif  // line end hack

    // return the character
    return (Int)ch;
}

static Int syGetchNonTerm(Int fid)
{
    UChar               ch = 0;
    UInt                bufno;
    int                 ret;

    /* we jump back here if the byte we just read was the \n of \r\n, in which
       case it doesn't count */

#ifdef LINE_END_HACK
tryagain:
#endif
    if (syBuf[fid].bufno < 0)
        while ((ret = SyRead(fid, &ch, 1)) == -1 && errno == EAGAIN)
            ;
    else {
        bufno = syBuf[fid].bufno;
        if (syBuffers[bufno].bufstart < syBuffers[bufno].buflen) {
            ch = syBuffers[bufno].buf[syBuffers[bufno].bufstart++];
            ret = 1;
        } else {
            while ((ret = SyRead(fid, syBuffers[bufno].buf,
                                 SYS_FILE_BUF_SIZE)) == -1 &&
                   errno == EAGAIN)
                ;
            if (ret > 0) {
                ch = syBuffers[bufno].buf[0];
                syBuffers[bufno].bufstart = 1;
                syBuffers[bufno].buflen = ret;
            }
        }
    }

    if (ret < 1) {
        syBuf[fid].ateof = TRUE;
        return EOF;
    }

#ifdef LINE_END_HACK
    /* A hack for non ANSI-C confirming systems which deliver \r or \r\n
     * line ends. These are translated to \n here.
     */
    if (ch == '\n') {
        if (syBuf[fid].crlast) {
            syBuf[fid].crlast = FALSE;
            goto tryagain;
        } else
            return (UChar)'\n';
    }
    if (ch == '\r') {
        syBuf[fid].crlast = TRUE;
        return (Int)'\n';
    }
    // We saw a '\r' without a '\n'
    syBuf[fid].crlast = FALSE;
#endif  // line end hack

    // return the character
    return (Int)ch;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*f  syGetch( <fid> )
*/

static Int syGetch(Int fid)
{
    if (syBuf[fid].isTTY)
      return syGetchTerm(fid);
    else
      return syGetchNonTerm(fid);
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyGetch( <fid> )  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . get a char from <fid>
**
**  'SyGetch' reads a character from <fid>, which is switch to raw mode if it
**  is *stdin* or *errin*.
*/
Int SyGetch (
    Int                 fid )
{
    Int                 ch;

    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return -1;
    }

    // if we are reading stdin or errin use raw mode
    if ( fid == 0 || fid == 2 ) {
        syStartraw(fid);
    }
    ch = syGetch(fid);
    if ( fid == 0 || fid == 2 ) {
        syStopraw(fid);
    }
    return ch;
}

/****************************************************************************
**
*F  SyFgets( <line>, <length>, <fid> )  . . . . .  get a line from file <fid>
**
**  'SyFgets' is called to read a line from the file  with  identifier <fid>.
**  'SyFgets' (like 'fgets') reads characters until either  <length>-1  chars
**  have been read or until a <newline> or an <eof> character is encountered.
**  It retains the '\n' (unlike 'gets'), if any, and appends '\0' to  <line>.
**  'SyFgets' returns <line> if any char has been read, otherwise '(char*)0'.
**
**  'SyFgets'  allows to edit  the input line if the  file  <fid> refers to a
**  terminal with the following commands:
**
**      <ctr>-A move the cursor to the beginning of the line.
**      <esc>-B move the cursor to the beginning of the previous word.
**      <ctr>-B move the cursor backward one character.
**      <ctr>-F move the cursor forward  one character.
**      <esc>-F move the cursor to the end of the next word.
**      <ctr>-E move the cursor to the end of the line.
**
**      <ctr>-H, <del> delete the character left of the cursor.
**      <ctr>-D delete the character under the cursor.
**      <ctr>-K delete up to the end of the line.
**      <esc>-D delete forward to the end of the next word.
**      <esc>-<del> delete backward to the beginning of the last word.
**      <ctr>-X delete entire input line, and discard all pending input.
**      <ctr>-Y insert (yank) a just killed text.
**
**      <ctr>-T exchange (twiddle) current and previous character.
**      <esc>-U uppercase next word.
**      <esc>-L lowercase next word.
**      <esc>-C capitalize next word.
**
**      <tab>   complete the identifier before the cursor.
**      <ctr>-L insert last input line before current character.
**      <ctr>-P redisplay the last input line, another <ctr>-P will redisplay
**              the line before that, etc.  If the cursor is not in the first
**              column only the lines starting with the string to the left of
**              the cursor are taken. The history is limited to ~8000 chars.
**      <ctr>-N Like <ctr>-P but goes the other way round through the history
**      <esc>-< goes to the beginning of the history.
**      <esc>-> goes to the end of the history.
**      <ctr>-O accept this line and perform a <ctr>-N.
**
**      <ctr>-V enter next character literally.
**      <ctr>-U execute the next command 4 times.
**      <esc>-<num> execute the next command <num> times.
**      <esc>-<ctr>-L repaint input line.
**
**  Not yet implemented commands:
**
**      <ctr>-S search interactive for a string forward.
**      <ctr>-R search interactive for a string backward.
**      <esc>-Y replace yanked string with previously killed text.
**      <ctr>-_ undo a command.
**      <esc>-T exchange two words.
*/

static UInt syCTRO; // number of '<ctr>-O' pending
static UInt syESCN; // number of '<Esc>-N' pending

UInt FreezeStdin;    // When true, ignore if any new input from stdin
                            // This is used to stop HPC-GAP from reading stdin
                            // while forked subprocesses are running.

#ifdef HAVE_SELECT

static Obj OnCharReadHookActive = 0;  // if bound the hook is active
static Obj OnCharReadHookInFds = 0;   // a list of UNIX file descriptors for reading
static Obj OnCharReadHookInFuncs = 0; // a list of GAP functions with 0 args
static Obj OnCharReadHookOutFds = 0;  // a list of UNIX file descriptors for writing
static Obj OnCharReadHookOutFuncs = 0;// a list of GAP functions with 0 args
static Obj OnCharReadHookExcFds = 0;  // a list of UNIX file descriptors
static Obj OnCharReadHookExcFuncs = 0;// a list of GAP functions with 0 args

static Int OnCharReadHookActiveCheck(void)
{
    return OnCharReadHookActive != 0 || FreezeStdin != 0;
}

static void HandleCharReadHook(int stdinfd)
/* This is called directly before a character is read from stdin in the case
* of an interactive session with command line editing. We have to return
* as soon as stdin is ready to read! We just use `select' and care for
* handlers for streams. */
{
  fd_set infds,outfds,excfds;
  int n,maxfd;
  Int i,j;
  Obj o;
  static int WeAreAlreadyInHere = 0;

  // Just to make sure:
  if (WeAreAlreadyInHere) return;
  WeAreAlreadyInHere = 1;

  while (1) {  // breaks when fd becomes ready
    FD_ZERO(&infds);
    FD_ZERO(&outfds);
    FD_ZERO(&excfds);
    FD_SET(stdinfd,&infds);
    maxfd = stdinfd;
    // Handle input file descriptors:
    if (OnCharReadHookInFds != (Obj) 0 &&
        IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFds) &&
        OnCharReadHookInFuncs != (Obj) 0 &&
        IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFuncs)) {
      for (i = 1;i <= LEN_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFds);i++) {
        o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFds,i);
        if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_INTOBJ(o)) {
          j = INT_INTOBJ(o);  // a UNIX file descriptor
          FD_SET(j,&infds);
          if (j > maxfd) maxfd = j;
        }
      }
    }
    // Handle output file descriptors:
    if (OnCharReadHookOutFds != (Obj) 0 &&
        IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFds) &&
        OnCharReadHookOutFuncs != (Obj) 0 &&
        IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFuncs)) {
      for (i = 1;i <= LEN_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFds);i++) {
        o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFds,i);
        if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_INTOBJ(o)) {
          j = INT_INTOBJ(o);  // a UNIX file descriptor
          FD_SET(j,&outfds);
          if (j > maxfd) maxfd = j;
        }
      }
    }
    // Handle exception file descriptors:
    if (OnCharReadHookExcFds != (Obj) 0 &&
        IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFds) &&
        OnCharReadHookExcFuncs != (Obj) 0 &&
        IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFuncs)) {
      for (i = 1;i <= LEN_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFds);i++) {
        o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFds,i);
        if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_INTOBJ(o)) {
          j = INT_INTOBJ(o);  // a UNIX file descriptor
          FD_SET(j,&excfds);
          if (j > maxfd) maxfd = j;
        }
      }
    }

    n = select(maxfd+1,&infds,&outfds,&excfds,NULL);
    if (n >= 0) {
      // Now run through the lists and call functions if ready:

      if (OnCharReadHookInFds != (Obj) 0 &&
          IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFds) &&
          OnCharReadHookInFuncs != (Obj) 0 &&
          IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFuncs)) {
        for (i = 1;i <= LEN_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFds);i++) {
          o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFds,i);
          if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_INTOBJ(o)) {
            j = INT_INTOBJ(o);  // a UNIX file descriptor
            if (FD_ISSET(j,&infds)) {
              o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookInFuncs,i);
              if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_FUNC(o))
                Call1ArgsInNewReader(o,INTOBJ_INT(i));
            }
          }
        }
      }
      // Handle output file descriptors:
      if (OnCharReadHookOutFds != (Obj) 0 &&
          IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFds) &&
          OnCharReadHookOutFuncs != (Obj) 0 &&
          IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFuncs)) {
        for (i = 1;i <= LEN_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFds);i++) {
          o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFds,i);
          if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_INTOBJ(o)) {
            j = INT_INTOBJ(o);  // a UNIX file descriptor
            if (FD_ISSET(j,&outfds)) {
              o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookOutFuncs,i);
              if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_FUNC(o))
                Call1ArgsInNewReader(o,INTOBJ_INT(i));
            }
          }
        }
      }
      // Handle exception file descriptors:
      if (OnCharReadHookExcFds != (Obj) 0 &&
          IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFds) &&
          OnCharReadHookExcFuncs != (Obj) 0 &&
          IS_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFuncs)) {
        for (i = 1;i <= LEN_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFds);i++) {
          o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFds,i);
          if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_INTOBJ(o)) {
            j = INT_INTOBJ(o);  // a UNIX file descriptor
            if (FD_ISSET(j,&excfds)) {
              o = ELM_PLIST(OnCharReadHookExcFuncs,i);
              if (o != (Obj) 0 && IS_FUNC(o))
                Call1ArgsInNewReader(o,INTOBJ_INT(i));
            }
          }
        }
      }

      // Return if there is input to read from stdin,
      // and FreezeStdin is false.
      if (FD_ISSET(stdinfd, &infds) && !FreezeStdin) {
          WeAreAlreadyInHere = 0;
          break;
      }
    } else
      break;
  } // while (1)
}
#endif   // HAVE_SELECT

/***************************************************************************
**
*F HasAvailableBytes( <fid> ) returns positive if  a subsequent read to <fid>
**                            will read at least one byte without blocking
**
*/

Int HasAvailableBytes( UInt fid )
{
  UInt bufno;
  if (!SyBufInUse(fid))
    return -1;

  if (syBuf[fid].bufno >= 0)
    {
      bufno = syBuf[fid].bufno;
      if (syBuffers[bufno].bufstart < syBuffers[bufno].buflen)
        return 1;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_SELECT
  // All sockets other than raw sockets are always ready
  if (syBuf[fid].type == raw_socket) {
    fd_set set;
    struct timeval tv;
    FD_ZERO( &set);
    FD_SET( syBuf[fid].fp, &set );
    tv.tv_sec = 0;
    tv.tv_usec = 0;
    return select( syBuf[fid].fp + 1, &set, NULL, NULL, &tv);
  }
#endif
  // best guess
  Int ret = SyIsEndOfFile(fid);
  return (ret != -1 && ret != 1);
}

static Char * syFgetsNoEdit(Char * line, UInt length, Int fid, UInt block)
{
  UInt x = 0;
  int ret = 0;

  /* if stream is buffered, and the buffer has a full line,
   * grab it -- we could make more use of the buffer, but
   * this covers the majority of cases simply. */
#ifndef LINE_END_HACK
  UInt bufno;
  Char* newlinepos;
  Char* bufstart;
  int buflen;
  if(!syBuf[fid].isTTY && syBuf[fid].bufno >= 0) {
    bufno = syBuf[fid].bufno;
    if (syBuffers[bufno].bufstart < syBuffers[bufno].buflen) {
      bufstart = syBuffers[bufno].buf + syBuffers[bufno].bufstart;
      buflen = syBuffers[bufno].buflen - syBuffers[bufno].bufstart;
      newlinepos = memchr(bufstart, '\n', buflen);
      if(newlinepos && (newlinepos - bufstart) < length - 2) {
          newlinepos++;
          memcpy(line, bufstart, newlinepos - bufstart);
          line[newlinepos - bufstart] = '\0';
          syBuffers[bufno].bufstart += (newlinepos - bufstart);
          return line;
      }
    }
  }
#endif

  while (x < length -1) {
    if (!block && x && !HasAvailableBytes( fid ))
      {
        break;
      }
    ret = syGetch(fid);
    if (ret == EOF)
      break;
    if ((line[x++] = ret) == '\n')
      break;
  }
  line[x] = '\0';
  syBuf[fid].ateof = (ret == EOF);
  if (x)
    return line;
  else
    return NULL;
}

/* will be imported from library, first is generic function which does some
   checks before returning result to kernel, the second is the list of handler
   functions which do the actual work. */
static Obj LineEditKeyHandler;
static Obj LineEditKeyHandlers;
static Obj GAPInfo;

#ifdef HAVE_LIBREADLINE

// we import GAP level functions from GAPInfo components
static Obj CLEFuncs;
static Obj KeyHandler;

static int GAPMacroNumber = 0;

static int GAP_set_macro(int count, int key)
{
GAPMacroNumber = count;
return 0;
}
// a generic rl_command_func_t that delegates to GAP level
static int GAP_rl_func(int count, int key)
{
   Obj   rldata, linestr, okey, res, obj, data, beginchange, endchange, m;
   Int   len, n, hook, dlen, max, i;

   // we shift indices 0-based on C-level and 1-based on GAP level
   linestr = MakeString(rl_line_buffer);
   okey = INTOBJ_INT(key + 1000*GAPMacroNumber);
   GAPMacroNumber = 0;
   rldata = NEW_PLIST(T_PLIST, 6);
   if (GAP_rl_func == rl_last_func) {
     SET_LEN_PLIST(rldata, 6);
     SET_ELM_PLIST(rldata, 6, True);
   }
   else
     SET_LEN_PLIST(rldata, 5);
   SET_ELM_PLIST(rldata, 1, INTOBJ_INT(count));
   SET_ELM_PLIST(rldata, 2, okey);
   SET_ELM_PLIST(rldata, 3, linestr);
   SET_ELM_PLIST(rldata, 4, INTOBJ_INT(rl_point+1));
   SET_ELM_PLIST(rldata, 5, INTOBJ_INT(rl_mark+1));
   res = Call1ArgsInNewReader(KeyHandler, rldata);
   if (!res) return 0;
   if (!IS_LIST(res)) return 0;
   len = LEN_LIST(res);
   if (len == 0) return 0;
   obj = ELM_LIST(res, 1);
   if (IsStringConv(obj)) {
      // insert txt
      rl_insert_text(CONST_CSTR_STRING(obj));
      n = 1;
   } else if ((obj == True || obj == False) && len > 2) {
      // kill or delete text
      beginchange = ELM_LIST(res, 2);
      if (!IS_INTOBJ(beginchange)) return 0;
      endchange = ELM_LIST(res, 3);
      if (!IS_INTOBJ(endchange)) return 0;
      if (obj == True)
         rl_kill_text(INT_INTOBJ(beginchange)-1, INT_INTOBJ(endchange)-1);
      else
         rl_delete_text(INT_INTOBJ(beginchange)-1, INT_INTOBJ(endchange)-1);
      n = 3;
   }  else if (IS_INTOBJ(obj) && len > 2) {
      // delete some text and insert
      beginchange = obj;
      endchange = ELM_LIST(res, 2);
      if (!IS_INTOBJ(endchange)) return 0;
      obj = ELM_LIST(res, 3);
      if (!IsStringConv(obj)) return 0;
      rl_begin_undo_group();
      rl_delete_text(INT_INTOBJ(beginchange)-1, INT_INTOBJ(endchange)-1);
      rl_point = INT_INTOBJ(beginchange)-1;
      rl_insert_text(CONST_CSTR_STRING(obj));
      rl_end_undo_group();
      n = 3;
   } else if (IS_INTOBJ(obj) && len == 2) {
      // several hooks to particular rl_ functions with data
      hook = INT_INTOBJ(obj);
      data = ELM_LIST(res, 2);
      if (hook == 1) {
         // display matches
         if (!IS_LIST(data)) return 0;
         // -1, because first is word to be completed
         dlen = LEN_LIST(data)-1;
         // +2, must be in 'argv' format, terminated by 0
         char **strs = (char**)calloc(dlen+2, sizeof(char*));
         max = 0;
         for (i=0; i <= dlen; i++) {
            if (!IsStringConv(ELM_LIST(data, i+1))) {
               free(strs);
               return 0;
            }
            strs[i] = CSTR_STRING(ELM_LIST(data, i+1));
            if (max < strlen(strs[i])) max = strlen(strs[i]);
         }
         rl_display_match_list(strs, dlen, max);
         free(strs);
         rl_on_new_line();
      }
      else if (hook == 2) {
         // put these characters into sequence of input keys
         if (!IsStringConv(data)) return 0;
         dlen = strlen(CSTR_STRING(data));
         for (i=0; i < dlen; i++)
             rl_stuff_char(CSTR_STRING(data)[i]);
      }
      n = 2;
   } else if (IS_INTOBJ(obj) && len == 1) {
      // several hooks to particular rl_ functions with no data
      hook = INT_INTOBJ(obj);
      // ring bell
      if (hook == 100) rl_ding();
      // return line (execute Ctrl-m)
      else if (hook == 101) rl_execute_next(13);
      n = 1;
   } else
      n = 0;

   // optionally we can return the new point, or new point and mark
   if (len > n) {
      n++;
      m = ELM_LIST(res, n);
      if (IS_INTOBJ(m))
          rl_point = INT_INTOBJ(m) - 1;
   }
   if (len > n) {
      n++;
      m = ELM_LIST(res, n);
      if (IS_INTOBJ(m))
          rl_mark = INT_INTOBJ(m) - 1;
   }
   return 0;
}

static Obj FuncBINDKEYSTOGAPHANDLER(Obj self, Obj keys)
{
  Char*  seq;

  if (!IsStringConv(keys)) return False;
  seq = CSTR_STRING(keys);
  rl_bind_keyseq(seq, GAP_rl_func);

  return True;
}

static Obj FuncBINDKEYSTOMACRO(Obj self, Obj keys, Obj macro)
{
  Char   *seq, *macr;

  if (!IsStringConv(keys)) return False;
  if (!IsStringConv(macro)) return False;
  seq = CSTR_STRING(keys);
  macr = CSTR_STRING(macro);
  rl_generic_bind(ISMACR, seq, macr, rl_get_keymap());
  return True;
}

static Obj FuncREADLINEINITLINE(Obj self, Obj line)
{
  Char   *cline;

  if (!IsStringConv(line)) return False;
  cline = CSTR_STRING(line);
  rl_parse_and_bind(cline);
  return True;
}

// init is needed once
static Int ISINITREADLINE = 0;
// a hook function called regularly while waiting on input
static Int current_rl_fid;
static int charreadhook_rl(void)
{
#ifdef HAVE_SELECT
    if (OnCharReadHookActiveCheck())
        HandleCharReadHook(syBuf[current_rl_fid].fp);
#endif
  return 0;
}

static void initreadline(void)
{

  /* allows users to configure GAP specific settings in their ~/.inputrc like:
       $if GAP
          ....
       $endif                                                             */
  rl_readline_name = "GAP";
  // this should pipe signals through to GAP
  rl_already_prompted = 1 ;

  rl_catch_signals = 0;
  rl_catch_sigwinch = 1;
  // hook to read from other channels
  rl_event_hook = 0;
  // give GAP_rl_func a name that can be used in .inputrc
  rl_add_defun( "handled-by-GAP", GAP_rl_func, -1 );

  rl_bind_keyseq("\\C-x\\C-g", GAP_set_macro);

  // disable bracketed paste mode by default: it interferes with our handling
  // of pastes of data involving REPL prompts "gap>"
  rl_variable_bind("enable-bracketed-paste", "off");

  CLEFuncs = ELM_REC(GAPInfo, RNamName("CommandLineEditFunctions"));
  KeyHandler = ELM_REC(CLEFuncs, RNamName("KeyHandler"));
  ISINITREADLINE = 1;
}

static Char * readlineFgets(Char * line, UInt length, Int fid, UInt block)
{
  char *                 rlres = (char*)NULL;

  current_rl_fid = fid;
  if (!ISINITREADLINE) initreadline();

  // read at most as much as we can buffer
  rl_num_chars_to_read = length-2;
#ifdef HAVE_SELECT
  // hook to read from other channels
  rl_event_hook = (OnCharReadHookActiveCheck()) ? charreadhook_rl : 0;
#endif
  // now do the real work
  doingReadline = 1;
  rlres = readline(STATE(Prompt));
  doingReadline = 0;
  // we get a NULL pointer on EOF, say by pressing Ctr-d
  if (!rlres) {
    if (!SyCTRD) {
      while (!rlres)
        rlres = readline(STATE(Prompt));
    }
    else {
      printf("\n");fflush(stdout);
      line[0] = '\0';
      return (Char*)0;
    }
  }
  // maybe add to history, we use key 0 for this function
  GAP_rl_func(0, 0);
  gap_strlcpy(line, rlres, length);
  // FIXME: handle the case where rlres contains more than length
  // characters better?
  free(rlres);
  gap_strlcat(line, "\n", length);

  // send the whole line (unclipped) to the window handler
  syWinPut( fid, (*line != '\0' ? "@r" : "@x"), line );

  return line;
}

#endif

#ifdef HPCGAP

static GVarDescriptor GVarBeginEdit, GVarEndEdit;

static Int syBeginEdit(Int fid)
{
  Obj func = GVarFunction(&GVarBeginEdit);
  Obj result;
  if (!func)
    return syStartraw(fid);
  result = CALL_1ARGS(func, INTOBJ_INT(fid));
  return result != False && result != Fail && result != INTOBJ_INT(0);
}

static Int syEndEdit(Int fid)
{
  Obj func = GVarFunction(&GVarEndEdit);
  Obj result;
  if (!func) {
    syStopraw(fid);
    return 1;
  }
  result = CALL_1ARGS(func, INTOBJ_INT(fid));
  return result != False && result != Fail && result != INTOBJ_INT(0);
}

#else

#define syBeginEdit(fid)    syStartraw(fid)
#define syEndEdit(fid)      syStopraw(fid)

#endif

static Char * syFgets(Char * line, UInt length, Int fid, UInt block)
{
    Int                 ch,  ch2,  ch3, last;
    Char                * p,  * q,  * r,  * s,  * t;
    static Char         yank [32768];
    Char                old [512],  new [512];
    Int                 oldc,  newc;
    Int                 rep, len;
    Char                buffer [512];
    Int                 rn;
    Int                 rubdel;
    Obj                 linestr, yankstr, args, res;

    // check file identifier
    if ( !SyBufInUse(fid) ) {
        return (Char*)0;
    }

    // no line editing if the file is not '*stdin*' or '*errin*'
    if ( fid != 0 && fid != 2 ) {
      p = syFgetsNoEdit(line, length, fid, block);

        return p;
    }

    /* no line editing if the user disabled it
       or we can't make it into raw mode */
    if ( SyLineEdit == 0 || ! syBeginEdit(fid) ) {
        p = syFgetsNoEdit(line, length, fid, block );
        return p;
    }

#ifdef HAVE_LIBREADLINE
    if (SyUseReadline) {
      // switch back to cooked mode
      if ( SyLineEdit )
          syEndEdit(fid);

      p = readlineFgets(line, length, fid, block);

      if ( EndLineHook ) Call0ArgsInNewReader( EndLineHook );
      if (!p)
        return p;
      else
        return line;
    }
#endif

    /* In line editing mode 'length' is not allowed bigger than the
      yank buffer (= length of line buffer for input files).*/
    if (length > 32768)
       ErrorQuit("Cannot handle lines with more than 32768 characters in line edit mode.",0,0);

    // the line starts out blank
    line[0] = '\0';  p = line;
    for ( q = old; q < old+sizeof(old); ++q )  *q = ' ';
    oldc = 0;
    last = 0;
    ch = 0;
    rubdel=0; // do we want to east a `del' character?

    while ( 1 ) {

        // get a character, handle <ctr>V<chr>, <esc><num> and <ctr>U<num>
        rep = 1; ch2 = 0;
        do {
--> --------------------

--> maximum size reached

--> --------------------

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Beweissystem der NASA

Beweissystem Isabelle

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Cephes Mathematical Library

Wiener Entwicklungsmethode

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