(* Title: HOL/MicroJava/BV/Semilat.thy
Author: Tobias Nipkow
Copyright 2000 TUM
Semilattices.
*)
chapter ‹Bytecode Verifier \label{cha:bv}›
section ‹Semilattices›
theory Semilat
imports Main "HOL-Library.While_Combinator"
begin
type_synonym 'a ord = "'a → 'a → bool"
type_synonym 'a binop = "'a → 'a → 'a"
type_synonym 'a sl = "'a set × 'a ord × 'a binop"
definition lesub :: "'a → 'a ord → 'a → bool"
where "lesub x r y ⟷ r x y"
definition lesssub :: "'a → 'a ord → 'a → bool"
where "lesssub x r y ⟷ lesub x r y ∧ x ≠ y"
definition plussub :: "'a → ('a → 'b → 'c) → 'b → 'c"
where "plussub x f y = f x y"
notation (ASCII)
"lesub" (‹(_ /<='__ _)› [50, 1000, 51] 50) and
"lesssub" (‹(_ /<'__ _)› [50, 1000, 51] 50) and
"plussub" (‹(_ /+'__ _)› [65, 1000, 66] 65)
notation
"lesub" (‹(_ /⊑ _)› [50, 0, 51] 50) and
"lesssub" (‹(_ /⊏ _)› [50, 0, 51] 50) and
"plussub" (‹(_ /⊔ _)› [65, 0, 66] 65)
(* allow \<sub> instead of \<bsub>..\<esub> *)
abbreviation (input)
lesub1 :: "'a → 'a ord → 'a → bool" (‹(_ /⊑_ _)› [50, 1000, 51] 50)
where "x ⊑r y == x ⊑ y"
abbreviation (input)
lesssub1 :: "'a → 'a ord → 'a → bool" (‹(_ /⊏_ _)› [50, 1000, 51] 50)
where "x ⊏r y == x ⊏ y"
abbreviation (input)
plussub1 :: "'a → ('a → 'b → 'c) → 'b → 'c" (‹(_ /⊔_ _)› [65, 1000, 66] 65)
where "x ⊔f y == x ⊔ y"
definition ord :: "('a × 'a) set → 'a ord"
where
"ord r = (λx y. (x,y) ∈ r)"
definition order :: "'a ord → 'a set → bool"
where
"order r A ⟷ (∀x∈A. x ⊑r x) ∧ (∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. x ⊑r y ∧ y ⊑r x ⟶ x=y) ∧ (∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. ∀z∈A. x ⊑r y ∧ y ⊑r z ⟶ x ⊑r z)"
definition top :: "'a ord → 'a → bool"
where
"top r T ⟷ (∀x. x ⊑r T)"
definition acc :: "'a ord → bool"
where
"acc r ⟷ wf {(y,x). x ⊏r y}"
definition closed :: "'a set → 'a binop → bool"
where
"closed A f ⟷ (∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. x ⊔f y ∈ A)"
definition semilat :: "'a sl → bool"
where
"semilat = (λ(A,r,f). order r A ∧ closed A f ∧
(∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. x ⊑r x ⊔f y) ∧
(∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. y ⊑r x ⊔f y) ∧
(∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. ∀z∈A. x ⊑r z ∧ y ⊑r z ⟶ x ⊔f y ⊑r z))"
definition is_ub :: "('a × 'a) set → 'a → 'a → 'a → bool"
where
"is_ub r x y u ⟷ (x,u)∈r ∧ (y,u)∈r"
definition is_lub :: "('a × 'a) set → 'a → 'a → 'a → bool"
where
"is_lub r x y u ⟷ is_ub r x y u ∧ (∀z. is_ub r x y z ⟶ (u,z)∈r)"
definition some_lub :: "('a × 'a) set → 'a → 'a → 'a"
where
"some_lub r x y = (SOME z. is_lub r x y z)"
locale Semilat =
fixes A :: "'a set"
fixes r :: "'a ord"
fixes f :: "'a binop"
assumes semilat: "semilat (A, r, f)"
lemma order_refl [simp, intro]: "order r A ==> x ∈ A ==> x ⊑r x"
(*<*) by (unfold order_def) (simp (no_asm_simp)) (*>*)
lemma order_antisym: "[ order r A; x ⊑r y; y ⊑r x; x ∈ A; y ∈ A ] ==> x = y"
(*<*) by (unfold order_def) ( simp (no_asm_simp)) (*>*)
lemma order_trans: "[ order r A; x ⊑r y; y ⊑r z; x ∈ A; y ∈ A; z ∈ A ] ==> x ⊑r z"
(*<*) by (unfold order_def) blast (*>*)
lemma order_less_irrefl [intro, simp]: "order r A ==> x ∈ A ==> ¬ x ⊏r x"
(*<*) by (unfold order_def lesssub_def) blast (*>*)
lemma order_less_trans: "[ order r A; x ⊏r y; y ⊏r z; x ∈ A; y ∈ A; z ∈ A ] ==> x ⊏r z"
(*<*) by (unfold order_def lesssub_def) blast (*>*)
lemma topD [simp, intro]: "top r T ==> x ⊑r T"
(*<*) by (simp add: top_def) (*>*)
lemma top_le_conv [simp]: "[ order r A; top r T; x ∈ A; T ∈ A] ==> (T ⊑r x) = (x = T)"
(*<*) by (blast intro: order_antisym) (*>*)
lemma semilat_Def:
"semilat(A,r,f) ⟷ order r A ∧ closed A f ∧
(∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. x ⊑r x ⊔f y) ∧
(∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. y ⊑r x ⊔f y) ∧
(∀x∈A. ∀y∈A. ∀z∈A. x ⊑r z ∧ y ⊑r z ⟶ x ⊔f y ⊑r z)"
(*<*) by (unfold semilat_def) clarsimp (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) orderI [simp, intro]: "order r A"
(*<*) using semilat by (simp add: semilat_Def) (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) closedI [simp, intro]: "closed A f"
(*<*) using semilat by (simp add: semilat_Def) (*>*)
lemma closedD: "[ closed A f; x∈A; y∈A ] ==> x ⊔f y ∈ A"
(*<*) by (unfold closed_def) blast (*>*)
lemma closed_UNIV [simp]: "closed UNIV f"
(*<*) by (simp add: closed_def) (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) closed_f [simp, intro]: "[x ∈ A; y ∈ A] ==> x ⊔f y ∈ A"
(*<*) by (simp add: closedD [OF closedI]) (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) refl_r [intro, simp]: "x ∈ A ==> x ⊑r x" by auto
lemma (in Semilat) antisym_r [intro?]: "[ x ⊑r y; y ⊑r x; x ∈ A; y ∈ A ] ==> x = y"
(*<*) by (rule order_antisym) auto (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) trans_r [trans, intro?]: "[x ⊑r y; y ⊑r z; x ∈ A; y ∈ A; z ∈ A ] ==> x ⊑r z"
(*<*) by (auto intro: order_trans) (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) ub1 [simp, intro?]: "[ x ∈ A; y ∈ A ] ==> x ⊑r x ⊔f y"
(*<*) by (insert semilat) (unfold semilat_Def, simp) (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) ub2 [simp, intro?]: "[ x ∈ A; y ∈ A ] ==> y ⊑r x ⊔f y"
(*<*) by (insert semilat) (unfold semilat_Def, simp) (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) lub [simp, intro?]:
"[ x ⊑r z; y ⊑r z; x ∈ A; y ∈ A; z ∈ A ] ==> x ⊔f y ⊑r z"
(*<*) by (insert semilat) (unfold semilat_Def, simp) (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) plus_le_conv [simp]:
"[ x ∈ A; y ∈ A; z ∈ A ] ==> (x ⊔f y ⊑r z) = (x ⊑r z ∧ y ⊑r z)"
(*<*) by (blast intro: ub1 ub2 lub order_trans) (*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) le_iff_plus_unchanged:
assumes "x ∈ A" and "y ∈ A"
shows "x ⊑r y ⟷ x ⊔f y = y" (is "?P ⟷ ?Q")
(*<*)
proof
assume ?P
with assms show ?Q by (blast intro: antisym_r lub ub2)
next
assume ?Q
then have "y = x ⊔ y" by simp
moreover from assms have "x ⊑ x ⊔ y" by simp
ultimately show ?P by simp
qed
(*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) le_iff_plus_unchanged2:
assumes "x ∈ A" and "y ∈ A"
shows "x ⊑r y ⟷ y ⊔f x = y" (is "?P ⟷ ?Q")
(*<*)
proof
assume ?P
with assms show ?Q by (blast intro: antisym_r lub ub1)
next
assume ?Q
then have "y = y ⊔ x" by simp
moreover from assms have "x ⊑ y ⊔ x" by simp
ultimately show ?P by simp
qed
(*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) plus_assoc [simp]:
assumes a: "a ∈ A" and b: "b ∈ A" and c: "c ∈ A"
shows "a ⊔f (b ⊔f c) = a ⊔f b ⊔f c"
(*<*)
proof -
from a b have ab: "a ⊔f b ∈ A" ..
from this c have abc: "(a ⊔f b) ⊔f c ∈ A" ..
from b c have bc: "b ⊔f c ∈ A" ..
from a this have abc': "a ⊔f (b ⊔f c) ∈ A" ..
show ?thesis
proof
show "a ⊔f (b ⊔f c) ⊑r (a ⊔f b) ⊔f c"
proof -
from a b have 1: "a ⊑r a ⊔f b" ..
from ab c have 2: "… ⊑r … ⊔f c" ..
with 1 have "a<": "a ⊑r (a ⊔f b) ⊔f c" using a ab abc by (rule trans_r)
from a b have 11: "b ⊑r a ⊔f b" ..
hence "b<": "b ⊑r (a ⊔f b) ⊔f c" using 2 b ab abc by (rule trans_r)
from ab c have "c<": "c ⊑r (a ⊔f b) ⊔f c" ..
from "b<" "c<" b c abc have "b ⊔f c ⊑r (a ⊔f b) ⊔f c" ..
from "a<" this a bc abc show ?thesis ..
qed
show "(a ⊔f b) ⊔f c ⊑r a ⊔f (b ⊔f c)"
proof -
from b c have 3:"b ⊑r b ⊔f c" ..
from a bc have bc_abc: "… ⊑r a ⊔f …" ..
with 3 have "b<": "b ⊑r a ⊔f (b ⊔f c)"using b bc abc' by (rule trans_r)
from b c have 4: "c ⊑r b ⊔f c" ..
hence "c<": "c ⊑r a ⊔f (b ⊔f c)"using bc_abc c bc abc' by (rule trans_r)
from a bc have "a<": "a ⊑r a ⊔f (b ⊔f c)" ..
from "a<" "b<" a b abc' have "a ⊔f b ⊑r a ⊔f (b ⊔f c)" ..
from this "c<" ab c abc' show ?thesis ..
qed
next
show "a ⊔ (b ⊔ c) ∈ A" using abc' by auto
next
show "a ⊔ b ⊔ c ∈ A" using abc by auto
qed
qed
(*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) plus_com_lemma:
"[a ∈ A; b ∈ A] ==> a ⊔f b ⊑r b ⊔f a"
(*<*)
proof -
assume a: "a ∈ A" and b: "b ∈ A"
from b a have "a ⊑r b ⊔f a" ..
moreover from b a have "b ⊑r b ⊔f a" ..
moreover note a b
moreover from b a have "b ⊔f a ∈ A" ..
ultimately show ?thesis ..
qed
(*>*)
lemma (in Semilat) plus_commutative:
"[a ∈ A; b ∈ A] ==> a ⊔f b = b ⊔f a"
(*<*) by(blast intro: order_antisym plus_com_lemma) (*>*)
lemma is_lubD:
"is_lub r x y u ==> is_ub r x y u ∧ (∀z. is_ub r x y z ⟶ (u,z) ∈ r)"
(*<*) by (simp add: is_lub_def) (*>*)
lemma is_ubI:
"[ (x,u) ∈ r; (y,u) ∈ r ] ==> is_ub r x y u"
(*<*) by (simp add: is_ub_def) (*>*)
lemma is_ubD:
"is_ub r x y u ==> (x,u) ∈ r ∧ (y,u) ∈ r"
(*<*) by (simp add: is_ub_def) (*>*)
lemma is_lub_bigger1 [iff]:
"is_lub (r^* ) x y y = ((x,y)∈r^* )"
(*<*)
apply (unfold is_lub_def is_ub_def)
apply blast
done
(*>*)
lemma is_lub_bigger2 [iff]:
"is_lub (r^* ) x y x = ((y,x)∈r^* )"
(*<*)
apply (unfold is_lub_def is_ub_def)
apply blast
done
(*>*)
lemma extend_lub:
"[ single_valued r; is_lub (r^* ) x y u; (x',x) ∈ r ]
==> ∃v. is_lub (r^* ) x' y v"
(*<*)
apply (unfold is_lub_def is_ub_def)
apply (case_tac "(y,x) ∈ r^*")
apply (case_tac "(y,x') ∈ r^*")
apply blast
apply (blast elim: converse_rtranclE dest: single_valuedD)
apply (rule exI)
apply (rule conjI)
apply (blast intro: converse_rtrancl_into_rtrancl dest: single_valuedD)
apply (blast intro: rtrancl_into_rtrancl converse_rtrancl_into_rtrancl
elim: converse_rtranclE dest: single_valuedD)
done
(*>*)
lemma single_valued_has_lubs [rule_format]:
"[ single_valued r; (x,u) ∈ r^* ] ==> (∀y. (y,u) ∈ r^* ⟶
(∃z. is_lub (r^* ) x y z))"
(*<*)
apply (erule converse_rtrancl_induct)
apply clarify
apply (erule converse_rtrancl_induct)
apply blast
apply (blast intro: converse_rtrancl_into_rtrancl)
apply (blast intro: extend_lub)
done
(*>*)
lemma some_lub_conv:
"[ acyclic r; is_lub (r^* ) x y u ] ==> some_lub (r^* ) x y = u"
(*<*)
apply (simp only: some_lub_def is_lub_def)
apply (rule someI2)
apply (simp only: is_lub_def)
apply (blast intro: antisymD dest!: acyclic_impl_antisym_rtrancl)
done
(*>*)
lemma is_lub_some_lub:
"[ single_valued r; acyclic r; (x,u)∈r^*; (y,u)∈r^* ]
==> is_lub (r^* ) x y (some_lub (r^* ) x y)"
(*<*) by (fastforce dest: single_valued_has_lubs simp add: some_lub_conv) (*>*)
subsection‹An executable lub-finder›
definition exec_lub :: "('a * 'a) set → ('a → 'a) → 'a binop"
where
"exec_lub r f x y = while (λz. (x,z) ∉ r*) f y"
lemma exec_lub_refl: "exec_lub r f T T = T"
by (simp add: exec_lub_def while_unfold)
lemma acyclic_single_valued_finite:
"[acyclic r; single_valued r; (x,y) ∈ r*]
==> finite (r ∩ {a. (x, a) ∈ r*} × {b. (b, y) ∈ r*})"
(*<*)
apply(erule converse_rtrancl_induct)
apply(rule_tac B = "{}" in finite_subset)
apply(simp only:acyclic_def)
apply(blast intro:rtrancl_into_trancl2 rtrancl_trancl_trancl)
apply simp
apply(rename_tac x x')
apply(subgoal_tac "r ∩ {a. (x,a) ∈ r*} × {b. (b,y) ∈ r*} =
insert (x,x') (r ∩ {a. (x', a) ∈ r*} × {b. (b, y) ∈ r*})")
apply simp
apply(blast intro:converse_rtrancl_into_rtrancl
elim:converse_rtranclE dest:single_valuedD)
done
(*>*)
lemma exec_lub_conv:
"[ acyclic r; ∀x y. (x,y) ∈ r ⟶ f x = y; is_lub (r*) x y u ] ==>
exec_lub r f x y = u"
(*<*)
apply(unfold exec_lub_def)
apply(rule_tac P = "λz. (y,z) ∈ r* ∧ (z,u) ∈ r*" and
r = "(r ∩ {(a,b). (y,a) ∈ r* ∧ (b,u) ∈ r*})^-1" in while_rule)
apply(blast dest: is_lubD is_ubD)
apply(erule conjE)
apply(erule_tac z = u in converse_rtranclE)
apply(blast dest: is_lubD is_ubD)
apply(blast dest:rtrancl_into_rtrancl)
apply(rename_tac s)
apply(subgoal_tac "is_ub (r*) x y s")
prefer 2 apply(simp add:is_ub_def)
apply(subgoal_tac "(u, s) ∈ r*")
prefer 2 apply(blast dest:is_lubD)
apply(erule converse_rtranclE)
apply blast
apply(simp only:acyclic_def)
apply(blast intro:rtrancl_into_trancl2 rtrancl_trancl_trancl)
apply(rule finite_acyclic_wf)
apply simp
apply(erule acyclic_single_valued_finite)
apply(blast intro:single_valuedI)
apply(simp add:is_lub_def is_ub_def)
apply simp
apply(erule acyclic_subset)
apply blast
apply simp
apply(erule conjE)
apply(erule_tac z = u in converse_rtranclE)
apply(blast dest: is_lubD is_ubD)
apply(blast dest:rtrancl_into_rtrancl)
done
(*>*)
lemma is_lub_exec_lub:
"[ single_valued r; acyclic r; (x,u):r^*; (y,u):r^*; ∀x y. (x,y) ∈ r ⟶ f x = y ]
==> is_lub (r^* ) x y (exec_lub r f x y)"
(*<*) by (fastforce dest: single_valued_has_lubs simp add: exec_lub_conv) (*>*)
end
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(vorverarbeitet am 2026-11-04)
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