(* Title: HOL/Algebra/FiniteProduct.thy Author: Clemens Ballarin, started 19 November 2002 This file is largely based on HOL/Finite_Set.thy. *)
theory FiniteProduct imports Group begin
subsection‹Product Operator for Commutative Monoids›
subsubsection ‹Inductive Definition of a Relation for Products over Sets›
text‹Instantiation of locale ‹LC›of theory ‹Finite_Set› is not possible, because here we have explicit typing rules like ‹x ∈ carrier G›. We introduce an explicit argument for the domain ‹D›.›
inductive_set
foldSetD :: "['a set, 'b ==> 'a ==> 'a, 'a] ==> ('b set * 'a) set" for D :: "'a set"and f :: "'b ==> 'a ==> 'a"and e :: 'a where
emptyI [intro]: "e ∈ D ==> ({}, e) ∈ foldSetD D f e"
| insertI [intro]: "[x ∉ A; f x y ∈ D; (A, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e]==> (insert x A, f x y) ∈ foldSetD D f e"
inductive_cases empty_foldSetDE [elim!]: "({}, x) ∈ foldSetD D f e"
definition
foldD :: "['a set, 'b ==> 'a ==> 'a, 'a, 'b set] ==> 'a" where"foldD D f e A = (THE x. (A, x) ∈ foldSetD D f e)"
lemma foldSetD_closed: "(A, z) ∈ foldSetD D f e ==> z ∈ D" by (erule foldSetD.cases) auto
lemma Diff1_foldSetD: "[(A - {x}, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e; x ∈ A; f x y ∈ D]==> (A, f x y) ∈ foldSetD D f e" by (metis Diff_insert_absorb foldSetD.insertI mk_disjoint_insert)
lemma foldSetD_imp_finite [simp]: "(A, x) ∈ foldSetD D f e ==> finite A" by (induct set: foldSetD) auto
lemma finite_imp_foldSetD: "[finite A; e ∈ D; ∧x y. [x ∈ A; y ∈ D]==> f x y ∈ D] ==>∃x. (A, x) ∈ foldSetD D f e" proof (induct set: finite) case empty thenshow ?caseby auto next case (insert x F) thenobtain y where y: "(F, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e"by auto with insert have"y ∈ D"by (auto dest: foldSetD_closed) with y and insert have"(insert x F, f x y) ∈ foldSetD D f e" by (intro foldSetD.intros) auto thenshow ?case .. qed
lemma foldSetD_backwards: assumes"A ≠ {}""(A, z) ∈ foldSetD D f e" shows"∃x y. x ∈ A ∧ (A - { x }, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e ∧ z = f x y" using assms(2) by (cases) (simp add: assms(1), metis Diff_insert_absorb insertI1)
subsubsection ‹Left-Commutative Operations›
locale LCD = fixes B :: "'b set" and D :: "'a set" and f :: "'b ==> 'a ==> 'a" (infixl‹⋅› 70) assumes left_commute: "[x ∈ B; y ∈ B; z ∈ D]==> x ⋅ (y ⋅ z) = y ⋅ (x ⋅ z)" and f_closed [simp, intro!]: "!!x y. [x ∈ B; y ∈ D]==> f x y ∈ D"
lemma (in LCD) foldSetD_closed [dest]: "(A, z) ∈ foldSetD D f e ==> z ∈ D" by (erule foldSetD.cases) auto
lemma (in LCD) Diff1_foldSetD: "[(A - {x}, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e; x ∈ A; A ⊆ B]==> (A, f x y) ∈ foldSetD D f e" by (meson Diff1_foldSetD f_closed local.foldSetD_closed subsetCE)
lemma (in LCD) finite_imp_foldSetD: "[finite A; A ⊆ B; e ∈ D]==>∃x. (A, x) ∈ foldSetD D f e" proof (induct set: finite) case empty thenshow ?caseby auto next case (insert x F) thenobtain y where y: "(F, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e"by auto with insert have"y ∈ D"by auto with y and insert have"(insert x F, f x y) ∈ foldSetD D f e" by (intro foldSetD.intros) auto thenshow ?case .. qed
lemma (in LCD) foldSetD_determ_aux: assumes"e ∈ D"and A: "card A < n""A ⊆ B""(A, x) ∈ foldSetD D f e""(A, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e" shows"y = x" using A proof (induction n arbitrary: A x y) case 0 thenshow ?case by auto next case (Suc n) then consider "card A = n" | "card A < n" by linarith thenshow ?case proof cases case 1 show ?thesis using foldSetD.cases [OF ‹(A,x) ∈ foldSetD D (⋅) e›] proof cases case 1 thenshow ?thesis using‹(A,y) ∈ foldSetD D (⋅) e›by auto next case A': (2 x' A' y') show ?thesis using foldSetD.cases [OF ‹(A,y) ∈ foldSetD D (⋅) e›] proof cases case 1 thenshow ?thesis using‹(A,x) ∈ foldSetD D (⋅) e›by auto next case A'': (2 x'' A'' y'') show ?thesis proof (cases "x' = x''") case True show ?thesis proof (cases "y' = y''") case True thenshow ?thesis using A' A'' ‹x' = x''›by (blast elim!: equalityE) next case False thenshow ?thesis using A' A'' ‹x' = x''› by (metis ‹card A = n› Suc.IH Suc.prems(2) card_insert_disjoint foldSetD_imp_finite insert_eq_iff insert_subset lessI) qed next case False thenhave *: "A' - {x''} = A'' - {x'}""x'' ∈ A'""x' ∈ A''" using A' A'' by fastforce+ thenhave"A' = insert x'' A'' - {x'}" using‹x' ∉ A'›by blast thenhave card: "card A' ≤ card A''" using A' A'' * by (metis card_Suc_Diff1 eq_refl foldSetD_imp_finite) obtain u where u: "(A' - {x''}, u) ∈ foldSetD D (⋅) e" using finite_imp_foldSetD [of "A' - {x''}"] A' Diff_insert ‹A ⊆ B›‹e ∈ D›by fastforce have"y' = f x'' u" using Diff1_foldSetD [OF u] ‹x'' ∈ A'›‹card A = n› A' Suc.IH ‹A ⊆ B›by auto thenhave"(A'' - {x'}, u) ∈ foldSetD D f e" using"*"(1) u by auto thenhave"y'' = f x' u" using A'' by (metis * ‹card A = n› A'(1) Diff1_foldSetD Suc.IH ‹A ⊆ B›
card card_Suc_Diff1 card_insert_disjoint foldSetD_imp_finite insert_subset le_imp_less_Suc) thenshow ?thesis using A' A'' by (metis ‹A ⊆ B›‹y' = x'' ⋅ u› insert_subset left_commute local.foldSetD_closed u) qed qed qed next case 2 with Suc show ?thesis by blast qed qed
lemma (in LCD) foldSetD_determ: "[(A, x) ∈ foldSetD D f e; (A, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e; e ∈ D; A ⊆ B] ==> y = x" by (blast intro: foldSetD_determ_aux [rule_format])
lemma (in LCD) foldD_equality: "[(A, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e; e ∈ D; A ⊆ B]==> foldD D f e A = y" by (unfold foldD_def) (blast intro: foldSetD_determ)
lemma foldD_empty [simp]: "e ∈ D ==> foldD D f e {} = e" by (unfold foldD_def) blast
lemma (in LCD) foldD_insert_aux: "[x ∉ A; x ∈ B; e ∈ D; A ⊆ B] ==> ((insert x A, v) ∈ foldSetD D f e) ⟷ (∃y. (A, y) ∈ foldSetD D f e ∧ v = f x y)" apply auto by (metis Diff_insert_absorb f_closed finite_Diff foldSetD.insertI foldSetD_determ foldSetD_imp_finite insert_subset local.finite_imp_foldSetD local.foldSetD_closed)
lemma (in LCD) foldD_insert: assumes"finite A""x ∉ A""x ∈ B""e ∈ D""A ⊆ B" shows"foldD D f e (insert x A) = f x (foldD D f e A)" proof - have"(THE v. ∃y. (A, y) ∈ foldSetD D (⋅) e ∧ v = x ⋅ y) = x ⋅ (THE y. (A, y) ∈ foldSetD D (⋅) e)" by (rule the_equality) (use assms foldD_def foldD_equality foldD_def finite_imp_foldSetD in‹metis+›) thenshow ?thesis unfolding foldD_def using assms by (simp add: foldD_insert_aux) qed
lemma (in LCD) foldD_closed [simp]: "[finite A; e ∈ D; A ⊆ B]==> foldD D f e A ∈ D" proof (induct set: finite) case empty thenshow ?caseby simp next case insert thenshow ?caseby (simp add: foldD_insert) qed
lemma (in LCD) foldD_commute: "[finite A; x ∈ B; e ∈ D; A ⊆ B]==> f x (foldD D f e A) = foldD D f (f x e) A" by (induct set: finite) (auto simp add: left_commute foldD_insert)
lemma Int_mono2: "[A ⊆ C; B ⊆ C]==> A Int B ⊆ C" by blast
lemma (in LCD) foldD_nest_Un_Int: "[finite A; finite C; e ∈ D; A ⊆ B; C ⊆ B]==> foldD D f (foldD D f e C) A = foldD D f (foldD D f e (A Int C)) (A Un C)" proof (induction set: finite) case (insert x F) thenshow ?case by (simp add: foldD_insert foldD_commute Int_insert_left insert_absorb Int_mono2) qed simp
lemma (in LCD) foldD_nest_Un_disjoint: "[finite A; finite B; A Int B = {}; e ∈ D; A ⊆ B; C ⊆ B] ==> foldD D f e (A Un B) = foldD D f (foldD D f e B) A" by (simp add: foldD_nest_Un_Int)
text‹ We enter a more restrictive context, with ‹f :: 'a ==> 'a ==> 'a› instead of ‹'b ==> 'a ==> 'a›. ›
locale ACeD = fixes D :: "'a set" and f :: "'a ==> 'a ==> 'a" (infixl‹⋅› 70) and e :: 'a assumes ident [simp]: "x ∈ D ==> x ⋅ e = x" and commute: "[x ∈ D; y ∈ D]==> x ⋅ y = y ⋅ x" and assoc: "[x ∈ D; y ∈ D; z ∈ D]==> (x ⋅ y) ⋅ z = x ⋅ (y ⋅ z)" and e_closed [simp]: "e ∈ D" and f_closed [simp]: "[x ∈ D; y ∈ D]==> x ⋅ y ∈ D"
lemma (in ACeD) left_commute: "[x ∈ D; y ∈ D; z ∈ D]==> x ⋅ (y ⋅ z) = y ⋅ (x ⋅ z)" proof - assume D: "x ∈ D""y ∈ D""z ∈ D" thenhave"x ⋅ (y ⋅ z) = (y ⋅ z) ⋅ x"by (simp add: commute) alsofrom D have"... = y ⋅ (z ⋅ x)"by (simp add: assoc) alsofrom D have"z ⋅ x = x ⋅ z"by (simp add: commute) finallyshow ?thesis . qed
lemmas (in ACeD) AC = assoc commute left_commute
lemma (in ACeD) left_ident [simp]: "x ∈ D ==> e ⋅ x = x" proof - assume"x ∈ D" thenhave"x ⋅ e = x"by (rule ident) with‹x ∈ D›show ?thesis by (simp add: commute) qed
lemma (in ACeD) foldD_Un_Int: "[finite A; finite B; A ⊆ D; B ⊆ D]==> foldD D f e A ⋅ foldD D f e B = foldD D f e (A Un B) ⋅ foldD D f e (A Int B)" proof (induction set: finite) case empty thenshow ?case by(simp add: left_commute LCD.foldD_closed [OF LCD.intro [of D]]) next case (insert x F) thenshow ?case by(simp add: AC insert_absorb Int_insert_left Int_mono2
LCD.foldD_insert [OF LCD.intro [of D]]
LCD.foldD_closed [OF LCD.intro [of D]]) qed
lemma (in ACeD) foldD_Un_disjoint: "[finite A; finite B; A Int B = {}; A ⊆ D; B ⊆ D]==> foldD D f e (A Un B) = foldD D f e A ⋅ foldD D f e B" by (simp add: foldD_Un_Int
left_commute LCD.foldD_closed [OF LCD.intro [of D]])
subsubsection ‹Products over Finite Sets›
definition
finprod :: "[('b, 'm) monoid_scheme, 'a ==> 'b, 'a set] ==> 'b" where"finprod G f A = (if finite A then foldD (carrier G) (mult G ∘ f) 1🪙G🪙 A else 1🪙G🪙)"
syntax "_finprod" :: "index ==> idt ==> 'a set ==> 'b ==> 'b"
(‹(‹indent=3 notation=‹binder ⨂›\›\⨂__∈_. _)› [1000, 0, 51, 10] 10)
syntax_consts "_finprod"⇌ finprod translations "⨂🪙G🪙i∈A. b"⇌"CONST finprod G (%i. b) A" 🍋‹Beware of argument permutation!›
lemma (in comm_monoid) finprod_empty [simp]: "finprod G f {} = 1" by (simp add: finprod_def)
lemma (in comm_monoid) finprod_infinite[simp]: "¬ finite A ==> finprod G f A = 1" by (simp add: finprod_def)
declare funcsetI [intro]
funcset_mem [dest]
context comm_monoid begin
lemma finprod_insert [simp]: assumes"finite F""a ∉ F""f ∈ F → carrier G""f a ∈ carrier G" shows"finprod G f (insert a F) = f a ⊗ finprod G f F" proof - have"finprod G f (insert a F) = foldD (carrier G) ((⊗) ∘ f) 1 (insert a F)" by (simp add: finprod_def assms) alsohave"... = ((⊗) ∘ f) a (foldD (carrier G) ((⊗) ∘ f) 1 F)" by (rule LCD.foldD_insert [OF LCD.intro [of "insert a F"]])
(use assms in‹auto simp: m_lcomm Pi_iff›) alsohave"... = f a ⊗ finprod G f F" using‹finite F›by (auto simp add: finprod_def) finallyshow ?thesis . qed
lemma finprod_one_eqI: "(∧x. x ∈ A ==> f x = 1) ==> finprod G f A = 1" proof (induct A rule: infinite_finite_induct) case empty show ?caseby simp next case (insert a A) have"(λi. 1) ∈ A → carrier G"by auto with insert show ?caseby simp qed simp
lemma finprod_closed [simp]: fixes A assumes f: "f ∈ A → carrier G" shows"finprod G f A ∈ carrier G" using f proof (induct A rule: infinite_finite_induct) case empty show ?caseby simp next case (insert a A) thenhave a: "f a ∈ carrier G"by fast from insert have A: "f ∈ A → carrier G"by fast from insert A a show ?caseby simp qed simp
lemma funcset_Int_left [simp, intro]: "[f ∈ A → C; f ∈ B → C]==> f ∈ A Int B → C" by fast
lemma funcset_Un_left [iff]: "(f ∈ A Un B → C) = (f ∈ A → C ∧ f ∈ B → C)" by fast
lemma finprod_Un_Int: "[finite A; finite B; g ∈ A → carrier G; g ∈ B → carrier G]==> finprod G g (A Un B) ⊗ finprod G g (A Int B) = finprod G g A ⊗ finprod G g B" 🍋‹The reversed orientation looks more natural, but LOOPS as a simprule!› proof (induct set: finite) case empty thenshow ?caseby simp next case (insert a A) thenhave a: "g a ∈ carrier G"by fast from insert have A: "g ∈ A → carrier G"by fast from insert A a show ?case by (simp add: m_ac Int_insert_left insert_absorb Int_mono2) qed
lemma finprod_Un_disjoint: "[finite A; finite B; A Int B = {}; g ∈ A → carrier G; g ∈ B → carrier G] ==> finprod G g (A Un B) = finprod G g A ⊗ finprod G g B" by (metis Pi_split_domain finprod_Un_Int finprod_closed finprod_empty r_one)
lemma finprod_multf [simp]: "[f ∈ A → carrier G; g ∈ A → carrier G]==> finprod G (λx. f x ⊗ g x) A = (finprod G f A ⊗ finprod G g A)" proof (induct A rule: infinite_finite_induct) case empty show ?caseby simp next case (insert a A) then have fA: "f ∈ A → carrier G"by fast from insert have fa: "f a ∈ carrier G"by fast from insert have gA: "g ∈ A → carrier G"by fast from insert have ga: "g a ∈ carrier G"by fast from insert have fgA: "(%x. f x ⊗ g x) ∈ A → carrier G" by (simp add: Pi_def) show ?case by (simp add: insert fA fa gA ga fgA m_ac) qed simp
lemma finprod_cong': "[A = B; g ∈ B → carrier G; !!i. i ∈ B ==> f i = g i]==> finprod G f A = finprod G g B" proof - assume prems: "A = B""g ∈ B → carrier G" "!!i. i ∈ B ==> f i = g i" show ?thesis proof (cases "finite B") case True thenhave"!!A. [A = B; g ∈ B → carrier G; !!i. i ∈ B ==> f i = g i]==> finprod G f A = finprod G g B" proof induct case empty thus ?caseby simp next case (insert x B) thenhave"finprod G f A = finprod G f (insert x B)"by simp alsofrom insert have"... = f x ⊗ finprod G f B" proof (intro finprod_insert) show"finite B"by fact next show"x ∉ B"by fact next assume"x ∉ B""!!i. i ∈ insert x B ==> f i = g i" "g ∈ insert x B → carrier G" thus"f ∈ B → carrier G"by fastforce next assume"x ∉ B""!!i. i ∈ insert x B ==> f i = g i" "g ∈ insert x B → carrier G" thus"f x ∈ carrier G"by fastforce qed alsofrom insert have"... = g x ⊗ finprod G g B"by fastforce alsofrom insert have"... = finprod G g (insert x B)" by (intro finprod_insert [THEN sym]) auto finallyshow ?case . qed with prems show ?thesis by simp next case False with prems show ?thesis by simp qed qed
lemma finprod_cong: "[A = B; f ∈ B → carrier G = True; ∧i. i ∈ B =simp=> f i = g i]==> finprod G f A = finprod G g B" (* This order of prems is slightly faster (3%) than the last two swapped. *) by (rule finprod_cong') (auto simp add: simp_implies_def)
text‹Usually, if this rule causes a failed congruence proof error, the reason is that the premise ‹g ∈ B → carrier G› c
Adding @{thm [source] Pi_def} to the simpset is often useful. For this reason, @{thm [source] finprod_cong} is not added to the simpset by default. ›
lemma finprod_0 [simp]: "f ∈ {0::nat} → carrier G ==> finprod G f {..0} = f 0" by (simp add: Pi_def)
lemma finprod_0': "f ∈ {..n} → carrier G ==> (f 0) ⊗ finprod G f {Suc 0..n} = finprod G f {..n}" proof - assume A: "f ∈ {.. n} → carrier G" hence"(f 0) ⊗ finprod G f {Suc 0..n} = finprod G f {..0} ⊗ finprod G f {Suc 0..n}" using finprod_0[of f] by (simp add: funcset_mem) alsohave" ... = finprod G f ({..0} ∪ {Suc 0..n})" using finprod_Un_disjoint[of "{..0}""{Suc 0..n}" f] A by (simp add: funcset_mem) alsohave" ... = finprod G f {..n}" by (simp add: atLeastAtMost_insertL atMost_atLeast0) finallyshow ?thesis . qed
lemma finprod_Suc [simp]: "f ∈ {..Suc n} → carrier G ==> finprod G f {..Suc n} = (f (Suc n) ⊗ finprod G f {..n})" by (simp add: Pi_def atMost_Suc)
lemma finprod_Suc2: "f ∈ {..Suc n} → carrier G ==> finprod G f {..Suc n} = (finprod G (%i. f (Suc i)) {..n} ⊗ f 0)" proof (induct n) case 0 thus ?caseby (simp add: Pi_def) next case Suc thus ?caseby (simp add: m_assoc Pi_def) qed
lemma finprod_Suc3: assumes"f ∈ {..n :: nat} → carrier G" shows"finprod G f {.. n} = (f n) ⊗ finprod G f {..< n}" proof (cases "n = 0") case True thus ?thesis using assms atMost_Suc by simp next case False thenobtain k where"n = Suc k" using not0_implies_Suc by blast thus ?thesis using finprod_Suc[of f k] assms atMost_Suc lessThan_Suc_atMost by simp qed
lemma finprod_reindex: 🍋‹contributor ‹Jeremy Avigad›\"f ∈ (h ` A) → carrier G ==> inj_on h A ==> finprod G f (h ` A) = finprod G (λx. f (h x)) A" proof (induct A rule: infinite_finite_induct) case (infinite A) hence"¬ finite (h ` A)" using finite_imageD by blast with‹¬ finite A›show ?caseby simp qed (auto simp add: Pi_def)
lemma finprod_const: 🍋‹contributor ‹Jeremy Avigad›\› assumes a [simp]: "a ∈ carrier G" shows"finprod G (λx. a) A = a [^] card A" proof (induct A rule: infinite_finite_induct) case (insert b A) show ?case proof (subst finprod_insert[OF insert(1-2)]) show"a ⊗ (⨂x∈A. a) = a [^] card (insert b A)" by (insert insert, auto, subst m_comm, auto) qed auto qed auto
lemma finprod_singleton: 🍋‹contributor ‹Jesus Aransay›\› assumes i_in_A: "i ∈ A"and fin_A: "finite A"and f_Pi: "f ∈ A → carrier G" shows"(⨂j∈A. if i = j then f j else 1) = f i" using i_in_A finprod_insert [of "A - {i}" i "(λj. if i = j then f j else 1)"]
fin_A f_Pi finprod_one [of "A - {i}"]
finprod_cong [of "A - {i}""A - {i}""(λj. if i = j then f j else 1)""(λi. 1)"] unfolding Pi_def simp_implies_def by (force simp add: insert_absorb)
lemma finprod_singleton_swap: assumes i_in_A: "i ∈ A"and fin_A: "finite A"and f_Pi: "f ∈ A → carrier G" shows"(⨂j∈A. if j = i then f j else 1) = f i" using finprod_singleton [OF assms] by (simp add: eq_commute)
lemma finprod_mono_neutral_cong_left: assumes"finite B" and"A ⊆ B" and 1: "∧i. i ∈ B - A ==> h i = 1" and gh: "∧x. x ∈ A ==> g x = h x" and h: "h ∈ B → carrier G" shows"finprod G g A = finprod G h B"
proof- have eq: "A ∪ (B - A) = B"using‹A ⊆ B›by blast have d: "A ∩ (B - A) = {}"using‹A ⊆ B›by blast from‹finite B›‹A ⊆ B›have f: "finite A""finite (B - A)" by (auto intro: finite_subset) have"h ∈ A → carrier G""h ∈ B - A → carrier G" using assms by (auto simp: image_subset_iff_funcset) moreoverhave"finprod G g A = finprod G h A ⊗ finprod G h (B - A)" proof - have"finprod G h (B - A) = 1" using"1" finprod_one_eqI by blast moreoverhave"finprod G g A = finprod G h A" using‹h ∈ A → carrier G› finprod_cong' gh by blast ultimatelyshow ?thesis by (simp add: ‹h ∈ A → carrier G›) qed ultimatelyshow ?thesis by (simp add: finprod_Un_disjoint [OF f d, unfolded eq]) qed
lemma finprod_mono_neutral_cong_right: assumes"finite B" and"A ⊆ B""∧i. i ∈ B - A ==> g i = 1""∧x. x ∈ A ==> g x = h x""g ∈ B → carrier G" shows"finprod G g B = finprod G h A" using assms by (auto intro!: finprod_mono_neutral_cong_left [symmetric])
lemma finprod_mono_neutral_cong: assumes [simp]: "finite B""finite A" and *: "∧i. i ∈ B - A ==> h i = 1""∧i. i ∈ A - B ==> g i = 1" and gh: "∧x. x ∈ A ∩ B ==> g x = h x" and g: "g ∈ A → carrier G" and h: "h ∈ B → carrier G" shows"finprod G g A = finprod G h B"
proof- have"finprod G g A = finprod G g (A ∩ B)" by (rule finprod_mono_neutral_cong_right) (use assms in auto) alsohave"… = finprod G h (A ∩ B)" by (rule finprod_cong) (use assms in auto) alsohave"… = finprod G h B" by (rule finprod_mono_neutral_cong_left) (use assms in auto) finallyshow ?thesis . qed
end
(* Jeremy Avigad. This should be generalized to arbitrary groups, not just commutative ones, using Lagrange's theorem. *)
lemma (in comm_group) power_order_eq_one: assumes fin [simp]: "finite (carrier G)" and a [simp]: "a ∈ carrier G" shows"a [^] card(carrier G) = one G" proof - have"(⨂x∈carrier G. x) = (⨂x∈carrier G. a ⊗ x)" by (subst (2) finprod_reindex [symmetric],
auto simp add: Pi_def inj_on_cmult surj_const_mult) alsohave"… = (⨂x∈carrier G. a) ⊗ (⨂x∈carrier G. x)" by (auto simp add: finprod_multf Pi_def) alsohave"(⨂x∈carrier G. a) = a [^] card(carrier G)" by (auto simp add: finprod_const) finallyshow ?thesis by auto qed
lemma (in comm_monoid) finprod_UN_disjoint: assumes "finite I""∧i. i ∈ I ==> finite (A i)""pairwise (λi j. disjnt (A i) (A j)) I" "∧i x. i ∈ I ==> x ∈ A i ==> g x ∈ carrier G" shows"finprod G g (∪(A ` I)) = finprod G (λi. finprod G g (A i)) I" using assms proof (induction set: finite) case empty thenshow ?case by force next case (insert i I) thenshow ?case unfolding pairwise_def disjnt_def apply clarsimp apply (subst finprod_Un_disjoint) apply (fastforce intro!: funcsetI finprod_closed)+ done qed
lemma (in comm_monoid) finprod_Union_disjoint: "[finite C; ∧A. A ∈ C ==> finite A ∧ (∀x∈A. f x ∈ carrier G); pairwise disjnt C]==> finprod G f (∪C) = finprod G (finprod G f) C" by (frule finprod_UN_disjoint [of C id f]) auto
end
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