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Datei: globs.xml Sprache: XML

Original von: Isabelle^©

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<appendix id="globs">
    <title>Glob Patterns</title>

    

    

    

    <para>jEdit uses glob patterns similar to those in the various Unix shells
    to implement file name filters in the file system browser. Glob patterns
    resemble regular expressions somewhat, but have a much simpler syntax. The
    following character sequences have special meaning within a glob
    pattern:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
            <para><literal>?</literal> matches any one character</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>*</literal> matches any number of characters</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>{!<replaceable>glob</replaceable>}</literal> Matches
            anything that does <emphasis>not</emphasis> match
            <replaceable>glob</replaceable></para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>{<replaceable>a</replaceable>,<replaceable>b</replaceable>,<replaceable>c</replaceable>}</literal>
            matches any one of <replaceable>a</replaceable>,
            <replaceable>b</replaceable> or <replaceable>c</replaceable></para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>[<replaceable>abc</replaceable>]</literal> matches
            any character in the set <replaceable>a</replaceable>,
            <replaceable>b</replaceable> or <replaceable>c</replaceable></para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>[^<replaceable>abc</replaceable>]</literal> matches
            any character not in the set <replaceable>a</replaceable>,
            <replaceable>b</replaceable> or <replaceable>c</replaceable></para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>[<replaceable>a-z</replaceable>]</literal> matches
            any character in the range <replaceable>a</replaceable> to
            <replaceable>z</replaceable>, inclusive. A leading or trailing dash
            will be interpreted literally</para>
        </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>Since we use <literal>java.util.regex</literal> patterns to implement
    globs, this means that in addition to the above, a number of
    <quote>character class metacharacters</quote> may be used. Keep in mind,
    their usefulness is limited since the regex quantifier metacharacters
    (asterisk, questionmark, and curly brackets) are redefined to mean something
    else in filename glob language, and the regex quantifiers are not available
    in glob language.</para>

    <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
            <para><literal>\w</literal> matches any alphanumeric character or
            underscore</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>\s</literal> matches a space or horizontal tab</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>\S</literal> matches a printable
            non-whitespace.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><literal>\d</literal> matches a decimal digit</para>
        </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <para>Here are some examples of glob patterns:</para>

    <itemizedlist>
        <listitem>
            <para><userinput>*</userinput> - all files.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><userinput>*.java</userinput> - all files whose names end with
            <quote>.java</quote>.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><userinput>*.[ch]</userinput> - all files whose names end with
            either <quote>.c</quote> or <quote>.h</quote>.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><userinput>*.{c,cpp,h,hpp,cxx,hxx}</userinput> - all C or C++
            files.</para>
        </listitem>

        <listitem>
            <para><userinput>[^#]*</userinput> - all files whose names do not
            start with <quote>#</quote>.</para>
        </listitem>
    </itemizedlist>

    <bridgehead>Using regexes instead of globs</bridgehead>

    <para>Sometimes it is desirable to use a regular expression instead of a
    glob for specifying file sets. This is because regular expressions are more
    powerful than globs and can provide the user with more specific filename
    matching criteria. To avoid the glob-to-regex transformation, prefix your
    pattern with the string <literal>(re)</literal>, which will tell jEdit to
    not translate the following pattern into a regex (since it already is one).
    For example:</para>

    <glosslist>
        <glossentry>
            <glossterm><literal> (re).*\.(h|c(c|pp)?) </literal></glossterm>

            <glossdef>
                <para>Matches *.c, *.cpp, *.h, *.cc</para>
            </glossdef>
        </glossentry>
    </glosslist>

    <para>If you need to match files that begin with the glob-translate-disable
    prefix <literal>(re)</literal>, you can escape it with a leading backslash
    and the metacharacters will be translated into globs as before.</para>
</appendix>

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