/* * We need to be able to catch inadvertent references to memstart_addr * that occur (potentially in generic code) before arm64_memblock_init() * executes, which assigns it its actual value. So use a default value * that cannot be mistaken for a real physical address.
*/
s64 memstart_addr __ro_after_init = -1;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(memstart_addr);
/* * If the corresponding config options are enabled, we create both ZONE_DMA * and ZONE_DMA32. By default ZONE_DMA covers the 32-bit addressable memory * unless restricted on specific platforms (e.g. 30-bit on Raspberry Pi 4). * In such case, ZONE_DMA32 covers the rest of the 32-bit addressable memory, * otherwise it is empty.
*/
phys_addr_t __ro_after_init arm64_dma_phys_limit;
/* * To make optimal use of block mappings when laying out the linear * mapping, round down the base of physical memory to a size that can * be mapped efficiently, i.e., either PUD_SIZE (4k granule) or PMD_SIZE * (64k granule), or a multiple that can be mapped using contiguous bits * in the page tables: 32 * PMD_SIZE (16k granule)
*/ #ifdefined(CONFIG_ARM64_4K_PAGES) #define ARM64_MEMSTART_SHIFT PUD_SHIFT #elifdefined(CONFIG_ARM64_16K_PAGES) #define ARM64_MEMSTART_SHIFT CONT_PMD_SHIFT #else #define ARM64_MEMSTART_SHIFT PMD_SHIFT #endif
/* * sparsemem vmemmap imposes an additional requirement on the alignment of * memstart_addr, due to the fact that the base of the vmemmap region * has a direct correspondence, and needs to appear sufficiently aligned * in the virtual address space.
*/ #if ARM64_MEMSTART_SHIFT < SECTION_SIZE_BITS #define ARM64_MEMSTART_ALIGN (1UL << SECTION_SIZE_BITS) #else #define ARM64_MEMSTART_ALIGN (1UL << ARM64_MEMSTART_SHIFT) #endif
staticvoid __init arch_reserve_crashkernel(void)
{ unsignedlonglong low_size = 0; unsignedlonglong crash_base, crash_size; bool high = false; int ret;
if (!IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_CRASH_RESERVE)) return;
ret = parse_crashkernel(boot_command_line, memblock_phys_mem_size(),
&crash_size, &crash_base,
&low_size, NULL, &high); if (ret) return;
#ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA
acpi_zone_dma_limit = acpi_iort_dma_get_max_cpu_address();
dt_zone_dma_limit = of_dma_get_max_cpu_address(NULL);
zone_dma_limit = min(dt_zone_dma_limit, acpi_zone_dma_limit); /* * Information we get from firmware (e.g. DT dma-ranges) describe DMA * bus constraints. Devices using DMA might have their own limitations. * Some of them rely on DMA zone in low 32-bit memory. Keep low RAM * DMA zone on platforms that have RAM there.
*/ if (memblock_start_of_DRAM() < U32_MAX)
zone_dma_limit = min(zone_dma_limit, U32_MAX);
arm64_dma_phys_limit = max_zone_phys(zone_dma_limit);
max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA] = PFN_DOWN(arm64_dma_phys_limit); #endif #ifdef CONFIG_ZONE_DMA32
max_zone_pfns[ZONE_DMA32] = PFN_DOWN(dma32_phys_limit); if (!arm64_dma_phys_limit)
arm64_dma_phys_limit = dma32_phys_limit; #endif if (!arm64_dma_phys_limit)
arm64_dma_phys_limit = PHYS_MASK + 1;
max_zone_pfns[ZONE_NORMAL] = max_pfn;
free_area_init(max_zone_pfns);
}
int pfn_is_map_memory(unsignedlong pfn)
{
phys_addr_t addr = PFN_PHYS(pfn);
/* avoid false positives for bogus PFNs, see comment in pfn_valid() */ if (PHYS_PFN(addr) != pfn) return 0;
/* * Corner case: 52-bit VA capable systems running KVM in nVHE mode may * be limited in their ability to support a linear map that exceeds 51 * bits of VA space, depending on the placement of the ID map. Given * that the placement of the ID map may be randomized, let's simply * limit the kernel's linear map to 51 bits as well if we detect this * configuration.
*/ if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_KVM) && vabits_actual == 52 &&
is_hyp_mode_available() && !is_kernel_in_hyp_mode()) {
pr_info("Capping linear region to 51 bits for KVM in nVHE mode on LVA capable hardware.\n");
linear_region_size = min_t(u64, linear_region_size, BIT(51));
}
/* * Select a suitable value for the base of physical memory.
*/
memstart_addr = round_down(memblock_start_of_DRAM(),
ARM64_MEMSTART_ALIGN);
if ((memblock_end_of_DRAM() - memstart_addr) > linear_region_size)
pr_warn("Memory doesn't fit in the linear mapping, VA_BITS too small\n");
/* * Remove the memory that we will not be able to cover with the * linear mapping. Take care not to clip the kernel which may be * high in memory.
*/
memblock_remove(max_t(u64, memstart_addr + linear_region_size,
__pa_symbol(_end)), ULLONG_MAX); if (memstart_addr + linear_region_size < memblock_end_of_DRAM()) { /* ensure that memstart_addr remains sufficiently aligned */
memstart_addr = round_up(memblock_end_of_DRAM() - linear_region_size,
ARM64_MEMSTART_ALIGN);
memblock_remove(0, memstart_addr);
}
/* * If we are running with a 52-bit kernel VA config on a system that * does not support it, we have to place the available physical * memory in the 48-bit addressable part of the linear region, i.e., * we have to move it upward. Since memstart_addr represents the * physical address of PAGE_OFFSET, we have to *subtract* from it.
*/ if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS_52) && (vabits_actual != 52))
memstart_addr -= _PAGE_OFFSET(vabits_actual) - _PAGE_OFFSET(52);
/* * Apply the memory limit if it was set. Since the kernel may be loaded * high up in memory, add back the kernel region that must be accessible * via the linear mapping.
*/ if (memory_limit != PHYS_ADDR_MAX) {
memblock_mem_limit_remove_map(memory_limit);
memblock_add(__pa_symbol(_text), (u64)(_end - _text));
}
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD) && phys_initrd_size) { /* * Add back the memory we just removed if it results in the * initrd to become inaccessible via the linear mapping. * Otherwise, this is a no-op
*/
u64 base = phys_initrd_start & PAGE_MASK;
u64 size = PAGE_ALIGN(phys_initrd_start + phys_initrd_size) - base;
/* * We can only add back the initrd memory if we don't end up * with more memory than we can address via the linear mapping. * It is up to the bootloader to position the kernel and the * initrd reasonably close to each other (i.e., within 32 GB of * each other) so that all granule/#levels combinations can * always access both.
*/ if (WARN(base < memblock_start_of_DRAM() ||
base + size > memblock_start_of_DRAM() +
linear_region_size, "initrd not fully accessible via the linear mapping -- please check your bootloader ...\n")) {
phys_initrd_size = 0;
} else {
memblock_add(base, size);
memblock_clear_nomap(base, size);
memblock_reserve(base, size);
}
}
/* * Register the kernel text, kernel data, initrd, and initial * pagetables with memblock.
*/
memblock_reserve(__pa_symbol(_text), _end - _text); if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD) && phys_initrd_size) { /* the generic initrd code expects virtual addresses */
initrd_start = __phys_to_virt(phys_initrd_start);
initrd_end = initrd_start + phys_initrd_size;
}
min = PFN_UP(memblock_start_of_DRAM());
max = PFN_DOWN(memblock_end_of_DRAM());
early_memtest(min << PAGE_SHIFT, max << PAGE_SHIFT);
max_pfn = max_low_pfn = max;
min_low_pfn = min;
arch_numa_init();
/* * must be done after arch_numa_init() which calls numa_init() to * initialize node_online_map that gets used in hugetlb_cma_reserve() * while allocating required CMA size across online nodes.
*/ #ifdefined(CONFIG_HUGETLB_PAGE) && defined(CONFIG_CMA)
arm64_hugetlb_cma_reserve(); #endif
kvm_hyp_reserve();
/* * sparse_init() tries to allocate memory from memblock, so must be * done after the fixed reservations
*/
sparse_init();
zone_sizes_init();
/* * Reserve the CMA area after arm64_dma_phys_limit was initialised.
*/
dma_contiguous_reserve(arm64_dma_phys_limit);
/* * request_standard_resources() depends on crashkernel's memory being * reserved, so do it here.
*/
arch_reserve_crashkernel();
if (is_realm_world()) {
swiotlb = true;
flags |= SWIOTLB_FORCE;
}
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_DMA_BOUNCE_UNALIGNED_KMALLOC) && !swiotlb) { /* * If no bouncing needed for ZONE_DMA, reduce the swiotlb * buffer for kmalloc() bouncing to 1MB per 1GB of RAM.
*/ unsignedlong size =
DIV_ROUND_UP(memblock_phys_mem_size(), 1024);
swiotlb_adjust_size(min(swiotlb_size_or_default(), size));
swiotlb = true;
}
/* * Check boundaries twice: Some fundamental inconsistencies can be * detected at build time already.
*/ #ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
BUILD_BUG_ON(TASK_SIZE_32 > DEFAULT_MAP_WINDOW_64); #endif
/* * Selected page table levels should match when derived from * scratch using the virtual address range and page size.
*/
BUILD_BUG_ON(ARM64_HW_PGTABLE_LEVELS(CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS) !=
CONFIG_PGTABLE_LEVELS);
if (PAGE_SIZE >= 16384 && get_num_physpages() <= 128) { externint sysctl_overcommit_memory; /* * On a machine this small we won't get anywhere without * overcommit, so turn it on by default.
*/
sysctl_overcommit_memory = OVERCOMMIT_ALWAYS;
}
}
/* Delete __init region from memblock.reserved. */
memblock_free(lm_init_begin, lm_init_end - lm_init_begin);
free_reserved_area(lm_init_begin, lm_init_end,
POISON_FREE_INITMEM, "unused kernel"); /* * Unmap the __init region but leave the VM area in place. This * prevents the region from being reused for kernel modules, which * is not supported by kallsyms.
*/
vunmap_range((u64)__init_begin, (u64)__init_end);
}
/* * Choose a random page-aligned base address for a window of 'size' bytes which * entirely contains the interval [start, end - 1].
*/ static u64 __init random_bounding_box(u64 size, u64 start, u64 end)
{
u64 max_pgoff, pgoff;
/* * Modules may directly reference data and text anywhere within the kernel * image and other modules. References using PREL32 relocations have a +/-2G * range, and so we need to ensure that the entire kernel image and all modules * fall within a 2G window such that these are always within range. * * Modules may directly branch to functions and code within the kernel text, * and to functions and code within other modules. These branches will use * CALL26/JUMP26 relocations with a +/-128M range. Without PLTs, we must ensure * that the entire kernel text and all module text falls within a 128M window * such that these are always within range. With PLTs, we can expand this to a * 2G window. * * We chose the 128M region to surround the entire kernel image (rather than * just the text) as using the same bounds for the 128M and 2G regions ensures * by construction that we never select a 128M region that is not a subset of * the 2G region. For very large and unusual kernel configurations this means * we may fall back to PLTs where they could have been avoided, but this keeps * the logic significantly simpler.
*/ staticint __init module_init_limits(void)
{
u64 kernel_end = (u64)_end;
u64 kernel_start = (u64)_text;
u64 kernel_size = kernel_end - kernel_start;
/* * The default modules region is placed immediately below the kernel * image, and is large enough to use the full 2G relocation range.
*/
BUILD_BUG_ON(KIMAGE_VADDR != MODULES_END);
BUILD_BUG_ON(MODULES_VSIZE < SZ_2G);
if (!kaslr_enabled()) { if (kernel_size < SZ_128M)
module_direct_base = kernel_end - SZ_128M; if (kernel_size < SZ_2G)
module_plt_base = kernel_end - SZ_2G;
} else {
u64 min = kernel_start;
u64 max = kernel_end;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_MODULE_REGION_FULL)) {
pr_info("2G module region forced by RANDOMIZE_MODULE_REGION_FULL\n");
} else {
module_direct_base = random_bounding_box(SZ_128M, min, max); if (module_direct_base) {
min = module_direct_base;
max = module_direct_base + SZ_128M;
}
}
/* * Where possible, prefer to allocate within direct branch range of the * kernel such that no PLTs are necessary.
*/ if (module_direct_base) {
start = module_direct_base;
end = module_direct_base + SZ_128M;
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