// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0+ /* * watchdog_dev.c * * (c) Copyright 2008-2011 Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>, * All Rights Reserved. * * (c) Copyright 2008-2011 Wim Van Sebroeck <wim@iguana.be>. * * (c) Copyright 2021 Hewlett Packard Enterprise Development LP. * * This source code is part of the generic code that can be used * by all the watchdog timer drivers. * * This part of the generic code takes care of the following * misc device: /dev/watchdog. * * Based on source code of the following authors: * Matt Domsch <Matt_Domsch@dell.com>, * Rob Radez <rob@osinvestor.com>, * Rusty Lynch <rusty@linux.co.intel.com> * Satyam Sharma <satyam@infradead.org> * Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com> * * Neither Alan Cox, CymruNet Ltd., Wim Van Sebroeck nor Iguana vzw. * admit liability nor provide warranty for any of this software. * This material is provided "AS-IS" and at no charge.
*/
#define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
#include <linux/cdev.h> /* For character device */ #include <linux/errno.h> /* For the -ENODEV/... values */ #include <linux/fs.h> /* For file operations */ #include <linux/init.h> /* For __init/__exit/... */ #include <linux/hrtimer.h> /* For hrtimers */ #include <linux/kernel.h> /* For printk/panic/... */ #include <linux/kstrtox.h> /* For kstrto* */ #include <linux/kthread.h> /* For kthread_work */ #include <linux/miscdevice.h> /* For handling misc devices */ #include <linux/module.h> /* For module stuff/... */ #include <linux/mutex.h> /* For mutexes */ #include <linux/slab.h> /* For memory functions */ #include <linux/types.h> /* For standard types (like size_t) */ #include <linux/watchdog.h> /* For watchdog specific items */ #include <linux/uaccess.h> /* For copy_to_user/put_user/... */
staticinlinebool watchdog_need_worker(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ /* All variables in milli-seconds */ unsignedint hm = wdd->max_hw_heartbeat_ms; unsignedint t = wdd->timeout * 1000;
/* * A worker to generate heartbeat requests is needed if all of the * following conditions are true. * - Userspace activated the watchdog. * - The driver provided a value for the maximum hardware timeout, and * thus is aware that the framework supports generating heartbeat * requests. * - Userspace requests a longer timeout than the hardware can handle. * * Alternatively, if userspace has not opened the watchdog * device, we take care of feeding the watchdog if it is * running.
*/ return (hm && watchdog_active(wdd) && t > hm) ||
(t && !watchdog_active(wdd) && watchdog_hw_running(wdd));
}
/* * To ensure that the watchdog times out wdd->timeout seconds * after the most recent ping from userspace, the last * worker ping has to come in hw_heartbeat_ms before this timeout.
*/
last_heartbeat = ktime_sub(virt_timeout, ms_to_ktime(hw_heartbeat_ms));
latest_heartbeat = ktime_sub(last_heartbeat, ktime_get()); if (ktime_before(latest_heartbeat, keepalive_interval)) return latest_heartbeat; return keepalive_interval;
}
if (err == 0)
watchdog_hrtimer_pretimeout_start(wdd);
watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
return err;
}
/* * watchdog_ping - ping the watchdog * @wdd: The watchdog device to ping * * If the watchdog has no own ping operation then it needs to be * restarted via the start operation. This wrapper function does * exactly that. * We only ping when the watchdog device is running. * The caller must hold wd_data->lock. * * Return: 0 on success, error otherwise.
*/ staticint watchdog_ping(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data = wdd->wd_data;
/* * watchdog_start - wrapper to start the watchdog * @wdd: The watchdog device to start * * Start the watchdog if it is not active and mark it active. * The caller must hold wd_data->lock. * * Return: 0 on success or a negative errno code for failure.
*/ staticint watchdog_start(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data = wdd->wd_data;
ktime_t started_at; int err;
/* * watchdog_stop - wrapper to stop the watchdog * @wdd: The watchdog device to stop * * Stop the watchdog if it is still active and unmark it active. * If the 'nowayout' feature was set, the watchdog cannot be stopped. * The caller must hold wd_data->lock. * * Return: 0 on success or a negative errno code for failure.
*/ staticint watchdog_stop(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ int err = 0;
if (!watchdog_active(wdd)) return 0;
if (test_bit(WDOG_NO_WAY_OUT, &wdd->status)) {
pr_info("watchdog%d: nowayout prevents watchdog being stopped!\n",
wdd->id); return -EBUSY;
}
if (err == 0) {
clear_bit(WDOG_ACTIVE, &wdd->status);
watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
watchdog_hrtimer_pretimeout_stop(wdd);
}
return err;
}
/* * watchdog_get_status - wrapper to get the watchdog status * @wdd: The watchdog device to get the status from * * Get the watchdog's status flags. * The caller must hold wd_data->lock. * * Return: watchdog's status flags.
*/ staticunsignedint watchdog_get_status(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data = wdd->wd_data; unsignedint status;
if (wdd->ops->status)
status = wdd->ops->status(wdd); else
status = wdd->bootstatus & (WDIOF_CARDRESET |
WDIOF_OVERHEAT |
WDIOF_FANFAULT |
WDIOF_EXTERN1 |
WDIOF_EXTERN2 |
WDIOF_POWERUNDER |
WDIOF_POWEROVER);
if (test_bit(_WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE, &wd_data->status))
status |= WDIOF_MAGICCLOSE;
if (test_and_clear_bit(_WDOG_KEEPALIVE, &wd_data->status))
status |= WDIOF_KEEPALIVEPING;
if (IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_WATCHDOG_HRTIMER_PRETIMEOUT))
status |= WDIOF_PRETIMEOUT;
return status;
}
/* * watchdog_set_timeout - set the watchdog timer timeout * @wdd: The watchdog device to set the timeout for * @timeout: Timeout to set in seconds * * The caller must hold wd_data->lock. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ staticint watchdog_set_timeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd, unsignedint timeout)
{ int err = 0;
if (!(wdd->info->options & WDIOF_SETTIMEOUT)) return -EOPNOTSUPP;
if (watchdog_timeout_invalid(wdd, timeout)) return -EINVAL;
if (wdd->ops->set_timeout) {
err = wdd->ops->set_timeout(wdd, timeout);
trace_watchdog_set_timeout(wdd, timeout, err);
} else {
wdd->timeout = timeout; /* Disable pretimeout if it doesn't fit the new timeout */ if (wdd->pretimeout >= wdd->timeout)
wdd->pretimeout = 0;
}
watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
return err;
}
/* * watchdog_set_pretimeout - set the watchdog timer pretimeout * @wdd: The watchdog device to set the timeout for * @timeout: pretimeout to set in seconds * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ staticint watchdog_set_pretimeout(struct watchdog_device *wdd, unsignedint timeout)
{ int err = 0;
if (!watchdog_have_pretimeout(wdd)) return -EOPNOTSUPP;
if (watchdog_pretimeout_invalid(wdd, timeout)) return -EINVAL;
/* * watchdog_get_timeleft - wrapper to get the time left before a reboot * @wdd: The watchdog device to get the remaining time from * @timeleft: The time that's left * * Get the time before a watchdog will reboot (if not pinged). * The caller must hold wd_data->lock. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ staticint watchdog_get_timeleft(struct watchdog_device *wdd, unsignedint *timeleft)
{
*timeleft = 0;
mutex_lock(&wd_data->lock);
status = watchdog_get_timeleft(wdd, &val);
mutex_unlock(&wd_data->lock); if (!status)
status = sysfs_emit(buf, "%u\n", val);
/* * watchdog_ioctl_op - call the watchdog drivers ioctl op if defined * @wdd: The watchdog device to do the ioctl on * @cmd: Watchdog command * @arg: Argument pointer * * The caller must hold wd_data->lock. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ staticint watchdog_ioctl_op(struct watchdog_device *wdd, unsignedint cmd, unsignedlong arg)
{ if (!wdd->ops->ioctl) return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
return wdd->ops->ioctl(wdd, cmd, arg);
}
/* * watchdog_write - writes to the watchdog * @file: File from VFS * @data: User address of data * @len: Length of data * @ppos: Pointer to the file offset * * A write to a watchdog device is defined as a keepalive ping. * Writing the magic 'V' sequence allows the next close to turn * off the watchdog (if 'nowayout' is not set). * * Return: @len if successful, error otherwise.
*/ static ssize_t watchdog_write(struct file *file, constchar __user *data,
size_t len, loff_t *ppos)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data = file->private_data; struct watchdog_device *wdd; int err;
size_t i; char c;
if (len == 0) return 0;
/* * Note: just in case someone wrote the magic character * five months ago...
*/
clear_bit(_WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE, &wd_data->status);
/* scan to see whether or not we got the magic character */ for (i = 0; i != len; i++) { if (get_user(c, data + i)) return -EFAULT; if (c == 'V')
set_bit(_WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE, &wd_data->status);
}
/* someone wrote to us, so we send the watchdog a keepalive ping */
/* * watchdog_ioctl - handle the different ioctl's for the watchdog device * @file: File handle to the device * @cmd: Watchdog command * @arg: Argument pointer * * The watchdog API defines a common set of functions for all watchdogs * according to their available features. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/
/* * watchdog_open - open the /dev/watchdog* devices * @inode: Inode of device * @file: File handle to device * * When the /dev/watchdog* device gets opened, we start the watchdog. * Watch out: the /dev/watchdog device is single open, so we make sure * it can only be opened once. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ staticint watchdog_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data; struct watchdog_device *wdd; bool hw_running; int err;
/* Get the corresponding watchdog device */ if (imajor(inode) == MISC_MAJOR)
wd_data = old_wd_data; else
wd_data = container_of(inode->i_cdev, struct watchdog_core_data,
cdev);
/* the watchdog is single open! */ if (test_and_set_bit(_WDOG_DEV_OPEN, &wd_data->status)) return -EBUSY;
wdd = wd_data->wdd;
/* * If the /dev/watchdog device is open, we don't want the module * to be unloaded.
*/
hw_running = watchdog_hw_running(wdd); if (!hw_running && !try_module_get(wdd->ops->owner)) {
err = -EBUSY; goto out_clear;
}
err = watchdog_start(wdd); if (err < 0) goto out_mod;
file->private_data = wd_data;
if (!hw_running)
get_device(&wd_data->dev);
/* * open_timeout only applies for the first open from * userspace. Set open_deadline to infinity so that the kernel * will take care of an always-running hardware watchdog in * case the device gets magic-closed or WDIOS_DISABLECARD is * applied.
*/
wd_data->open_deadline = KTIME_MAX;
/* dev/watchdog is a virtual (and thus non-seekable) filesystem */ return stream_open(inode, file);
/* * watchdog_release - release the watchdog device * @inode: Inode of device * @file: File handle to device * * This is the code for when /dev/watchdog gets closed. We will only * stop the watchdog when we have received the magic char (and nowayout * was not set), else the watchdog will keep running. * * Always returns 0.
*/ staticint watchdog_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data = file->private_data; struct watchdog_device *wdd; int err = -EBUSY; bool running;
mutex_lock(&wd_data->lock);
wdd = wd_data->wdd; if (!wdd) goto done;
/* * We only stop the watchdog if we received the magic character * or if WDIOF_MAGICCLOSE is not set. If nowayout was set then * watchdog_stop will fail.
*/ if (!watchdog_active(wdd))
err = 0; elseif (test_and_clear_bit(_WDOG_ALLOW_RELEASE, &wd_data->status) ||
!(wdd->info->options & WDIOF_MAGICCLOSE))
err = watchdog_stop(wdd);
/* If the watchdog was not stopped, send a keepalive ping */ if (err < 0) {
pr_crit("watchdog%d: watchdog did not stop!\n", wdd->id);
watchdog_ping(wdd);
}
watchdog_update_worker(wdd);
/* make sure that /dev/watchdog can be re-opened */
clear_bit(_WDOG_DEV_OPEN, &wd_data->status);
done:
running = wdd && watchdog_hw_running(wdd);
mutex_unlock(&wd_data->lock); /* * Allow the owner module to be unloaded again unless the watchdog * is still running. If the watchdog is still running, it can not * be stopped, and its driver must not be unloaded.
*/ if (!running) {
module_put(wd_data->cdev.owner);
put_device(&wd_data->dev);
} return 0;
}
/* * watchdog_cdev_register - register watchdog character device * @wdd: Watchdog device * * Register a watchdog character device including handling the legacy * /dev/watchdog node. /dev/watchdog is actually a miscdevice and * thus we set it up like that. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ staticint watchdog_cdev_register(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data; int err;
wd_data = kzalloc(sizeof(struct watchdog_core_data), GFP_KERNEL); if (!wd_data) return -ENOMEM;
mutex_init(&wd_data->lock);
wd_data->wdd = wdd;
wdd->wd_data = wd_data;
if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(watchdog_kworker)) {
kfree(wd_data); return -ENODEV;
}
if (wdd->id == 0) {
old_wd_data = wd_data;
watchdog_miscdev.parent = wdd->parent;
err = misc_register(&watchdog_miscdev); if (err != 0) {
pr_err("%s: cannot register miscdev on minor=%d (err=%d).\n",
wdd->info->identity, WATCHDOG_MINOR, err); if (err == -EBUSY)
pr_err("%s: a legacy watchdog module is probably present.\n",
wdd->info->identity);
old_wd_data = NULL;
put_device(&wd_data->dev); return err;
}
}
/* Fill in the data structures */
cdev_init(&wd_data->cdev, &watchdog_fops);
wd_data->cdev.owner = wdd->ops->owner;
/* Add the device */
err = cdev_device_add(&wd_data->cdev, &wd_data->dev); if (err) {
pr_err("watchdog%d unable to add device %d:%d\n",
wdd->id, MAJOR(watchdog_devt), wdd->id); if (wdd->id == 0) {
misc_deregister(&watchdog_miscdev);
old_wd_data = NULL;
}
put_device(&wd_data->dev); return err;
}
/* Record time of most recent heartbeat as 'just before now'. */
wd_data->last_hw_keepalive = ktime_sub(ktime_get(), 1);
watchdog_set_open_deadline(wd_data);
/* * If the watchdog is running, prevent its driver from being unloaded, * and schedule an immediate ping.
*/ if (watchdog_hw_running(wdd)) {
__module_get(wdd->ops->owner);
get_device(&wd_data->dev); if (handle_boot_enabled)
hrtimer_start(&wd_data->timer, 0,
HRTIMER_MODE_REL_HARD); else
pr_info("watchdog%d running and kernel based pre-userspace handler disabled\n",
wdd->id);
}
return 0;
}
/* * watchdog_cdev_unregister - unregister watchdog character device * @wdd: Watchdog device * * Unregister watchdog character device and if needed the legacy * /dev/watchdog device.
*/ staticvoid watchdog_cdev_unregister(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data = wdd->wd_data;
/** * watchdog_dev_register - register a watchdog device * @wdd: Watchdog device * * Register a watchdog device including handling the legacy * /dev/watchdog node. /dev/watchdog is actually a miscdevice and * thus we set it up like that. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ int watchdog_dev_register(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ int ret;
ret = watchdog_cdev_register(wdd); if (ret) return ret;
ret = watchdog_register_pretimeout(wdd); if (ret)
watchdog_cdev_unregister(wdd);
return ret;
}
/** * watchdog_dev_unregister - unregister a watchdog device * @wdd: watchdog device * * Unregister watchdog device and if needed the legacy * /dev/watchdog device.
*/ void watchdog_dev_unregister(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{
watchdog_unregister_pretimeout(wdd);
watchdog_cdev_unregister(wdd);
}
/** * watchdog_set_last_hw_keepalive - set last HW keepalive time for watchdog * @wdd: Watchdog device * @last_ping_ms: Time since last HW heartbeat * * Adjusts the last known HW keepalive time for a watchdog timer. * This is needed if the watchdog is already running when the probe * function is called, and it can't be pinged immediately. This * function must be called immediately after watchdog registration, * and min_hw_heartbeat_ms must be set for this to be useful. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ int watchdog_set_last_hw_keepalive(struct watchdog_device *wdd, unsignedint last_ping_ms)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data;
ktime_t now;
/** * watchdog_dev_init - init dev part of watchdog core * * Allocate a range of chardev nodes to use for watchdog devices. * * Return: 0 if successful, error otherwise.
*/ int __init watchdog_dev_init(void)
{ int err;
watchdog_kworker = kthread_run_worker(0, "watchdogd"); if (IS_ERR(watchdog_kworker)) {
pr_err("Failed to create watchdog kworker\n"); return PTR_ERR(watchdog_kworker);
}
sched_set_fifo(watchdog_kworker->task);
/** * watchdog_dev_exit - exit dev part of watchdog core * * Release the range of chardev nodes used for watchdog devices.
*/ void __exit watchdog_dev_exit(void)
{
unregister_chrdev_region(watchdog_devt, MAX_DOGS);
class_unregister(&watchdog_class);
kthread_destroy_worker(watchdog_kworker);
}
int watchdog_dev_suspend(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data = wdd->wd_data; int ret = 0;
if (!wdd->wd_data) return -ENODEV;
/* ping for the last time before suspend */
mutex_lock(&wd_data->lock); if (watchdog_worker_should_ping(wd_data))
ret = __watchdog_ping(wd_data->wdd);
mutex_unlock(&wd_data->lock);
if (ret) return ret;
/* * make sure that watchdog worker will not kick in when the wdog is * suspended
*/
hrtimer_cancel(&wd_data->timer);
kthread_cancel_work_sync(&wd_data->work);
return 0;
}
int watchdog_dev_resume(struct watchdog_device *wdd)
{ struct watchdog_core_data *wd_data = wdd->wd_data; int ret = 0;
if (!wdd->wd_data) return -ENODEV;
/* * __watchdog_ping will also retrigger hrtimer and therefore restore the * ping worker if needed.
*/
mutex_lock(&wd_data->lock); if (watchdog_worker_should_ping(wd_data))
ret = __watchdog_ping(wd_data->wdd);
mutex_unlock(&wd_data->lock);
return ret;
}
module_param(handle_boot_enabled, bool, 0444);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(handle_boot_enabled, "Watchdog core auto-updates boot enabled watchdogs before userspace takes over (default="
__MODULE_STRING(IS_ENABLED(CONFIG_WATCHDOG_HANDLE_BOOT_ENABLED)) ")");
module_param(open_timeout, uint, 0644);
MODULE_PARM_DESC(open_timeout, "Maximum time (in seconds, 0 means infinity) for userspace to take over a running watchdog (default="
__MODULE_STRING(CONFIG_WATCHDOG_OPEN_TIMEOUT) ")");
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