/* * Initially, a percpu refcount is just a set of percpu counters. Initially, we * don't try to detect the ref hitting 0 - which means that get/put can just * increment or decrement the local counter. Note that the counter on a * particular cpu can (and will) wrap - this is fine, when we go to shutdown the * percpu counters will all sum to the correct value * * (More precisely: because modular arithmetic is commutative the sum of all the * percpu_count vars will be equal to what it would have been if all the gets * and puts were done to a single integer, even if some of the percpu integers * overflow or underflow). * * The real trick to implementing percpu refcounts is shutdown. We can't detect * the ref hitting 0 on every put - this would require global synchronization * and defeat the whole purpose of using percpu refs. * * What we do is require the user to keep track of the initial refcount; we know * the ref can't hit 0 before the user drops the initial ref, so as long as we * convert to non percpu mode before the initial ref is dropped everything * works. * * Converting to non percpu mode is done with some RCUish stuff in * percpu_ref_kill. Additionally, we need a bias value so that the * atomic_long_t can't hit 0 before we've added up all the percpu refs.
*/
/** * percpu_ref_init - initialize a percpu refcount * @ref: percpu_ref to initialize * @release: function which will be called when refcount hits 0 * @flags: PERCPU_REF_INIT_* flags * @gfp: allocation mask to use * * Initializes @ref. @ref starts out in percpu mode with a refcount of 1 unless * @flags contains PERCPU_REF_INIT_ATOMIC or PERCPU_REF_INIT_DEAD. These flags * change the start state to atomic with the latter setting the initial refcount * to 0. See the definitions of PERCPU_REF_INIT_* flags for flag behaviors. * * Note that @release must not sleep - it may potentially be called from RCU * callback context by percpu_ref_kill().
*/ int percpu_ref_init(struct percpu_ref *ref, percpu_ref_func_t *release, unsignedint flags, gfp_t gfp)
{
size_t align = max_t(size_t, 1 << __PERCPU_REF_FLAG_BITS,
__alignof__(unsignedlong)); unsignedlong start_count = 0; struct percpu_ref_data *data;
ref->percpu_count_ptr = (unsignedlong)
__alloc_percpu_gfp(sizeof(unsignedlong), align, gfp); if (!ref->percpu_count_ptr) return -ENOMEM;
data = kzalloc(sizeof(*ref->data), gfp); if (!data) {
free_percpu((void __percpu *)ref->percpu_count_ptr);
ref->percpu_count_ptr = 0; return -ENOMEM;
}
if (percpu_count) { /* non-NULL confirm_switch indicates switching in progress */
WARN_ON_ONCE(ref->data && ref->data->confirm_switch);
free_percpu(percpu_count);
ref->percpu_count_ptr = __PERCPU_REF_ATOMIC_DEAD;
}
}
/** * percpu_ref_exit - undo percpu_ref_init() * @ref: percpu_ref to exit * * This function exits @ref. The caller is responsible for ensuring that * @ref is no longer in active use. The usual places to invoke this * function from are the @ref->release() callback or in init failure path * where percpu_ref_init() succeeded but other parts of the initialization * of the embedding object failed.
*/ void percpu_ref_exit(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{ struct percpu_ref_data *data = ref->data; unsignedlong flags;
/* * It's crucial that we sum the percpu counters _before_ adding the sum * to &ref->count; since gets could be happening on one cpu while puts * happen on another, adding a single cpu's count could cause * @ref->count to hit 0 before we've got a consistent value - but the * sum of all the counts will be consistent and correct. * * Subtracting the bias value then has to happen _after_ adding count to * &ref->count; we need the bias value to prevent &ref->count from * reaching 0 before we add the percpu counts. But doing it at the same * time is equivalent and saves us atomic operations:
*/
atomic_long_add((long)count - PERCPU_COUNT_BIAS, &data->count);
if (WARN_ONCE(atomic_long_read(&data->count) <= 0, "percpu ref (%ps) <= 0 (%ld) after switching to atomic",
data->release, atomic_long_read(&data->count)) &&
atomic_inc_return(&underflows) < 4) {
pr_err("%s(): percpu_ref underflow", __func__);
mem_dump_obj(data);
}
/* @ref is viewed as dead on all CPUs, send out switch confirmation */
percpu_ref_call_confirm_rcu(rcu);
}
staticvoid __percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic(struct percpu_ref *ref,
percpu_ref_func_t *confirm_switch)
{ if (ref->percpu_count_ptr & __PERCPU_REF_ATOMIC) { if (confirm_switch)
confirm_switch(ref); return;
}
/* switching from percpu to atomic */
ref->percpu_count_ptr |= __PERCPU_REF_ATOMIC;
/* * Non-NULL ->confirm_switch is used to indicate that switching is * in progress. Use noop one if unspecified.
*/
ref->data->confirm_switch = confirm_switch ?:
percpu_ref_noop_confirm_switch;
percpu_ref_get(ref); /* put after confirmation */
call_rcu_hurry(&ref->data->rcu,
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_rcu);
}
/* * Restore per-cpu operation. smp_store_release() is paired * with READ_ONCE() in __ref_is_percpu() and guarantees that the * zeroing is visible to all percpu accesses which can see the * following __PERCPU_REF_ATOMIC clearing.
*/
for_each_possible_cpu(cpu)
*per_cpu_ptr(percpu_count, cpu) = 0;
/* * If the previous ATOMIC switching hasn't finished yet, wait for * its completion. If the caller ensures that ATOMIC switching * isn't in progress, this function can be called from any context.
*/
wait_event_lock_irq(percpu_ref_switch_waitq, !data->confirm_switch,
percpu_ref_switch_lock);
if (data->force_atomic || percpu_ref_is_dying(ref))
__percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic(ref, confirm_switch); else
__percpu_ref_switch_to_percpu(ref);
}
/** * percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic - switch a percpu_ref to atomic mode * @ref: percpu_ref to switch to atomic mode * @confirm_switch: optional confirmation callback * * There's no reason to use this function for the usual reference counting. * Use percpu_ref_kill[_and_confirm](). * * Schedule switching of @ref to atomic mode. All its percpu counts will * be collected to the main atomic counter. On completion, when all CPUs * are guaraneed to be in atomic mode, @confirm_switch, which may not * block, is invoked. This function may be invoked concurrently with all * the get/put operations and can safely be mixed with kill and reinit * operations. Note that @ref will stay in atomic mode across kill/reinit * cycles until percpu_ref_switch_to_percpu() is called. * * This function may block if @ref is in the process of switching to atomic * mode. If the caller ensures that @ref is not in the process of * switching to atomic mode, this function can be called from any context.
*/ void percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic(struct percpu_ref *ref,
percpu_ref_func_t *confirm_switch)
{ unsignedlong flags;
/** * percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_sync - switch a percpu_ref to atomic mode * @ref: percpu_ref to switch to atomic mode * * Schedule switching the ref to atomic mode, and wait for the * switch to complete. Caller must ensure that no other thread * will switch back to percpu mode.
*/ void percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_sync(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{
percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic(ref, NULL);
wait_event(percpu_ref_switch_waitq, !ref->data->confirm_switch);
}
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic_sync);
/** * percpu_ref_switch_to_percpu - switch a percpu_ref to percpu mode * @ref: percpu_ref to switch to percpu mode * * There's no reason to use this function for the usual reference counting. * To re-use an expired ref, use percpu_ref_reinit(). * * Switch @ref to percpu mode. This function may be invoked concurrently * with all the get/put operations and can safely be mixed with kill and * reinit operations. This function reverses the sticky atomic state set * by PERCPU_REF_INIT_ATOMIC or percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic(). If @ref is * dying or dead, the actual switching takes place on the following * percpu_ref_reinit(). * * This function may block if @ref is in the process of switching to atomic * mode. If the caller ensures that @ref is not in the process of * switching to atomic mode, this function can be called from any context.
*/ void percpu_ref_switch_to_percpu(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{ unsignedlong flags;
/** * percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm - drop the initial ref and schedule confirmation * @ref: percpu_ref to kill * @confirm_kill: optional confirmation callback * * Equivalent to percpu_ref_kill() but also schedules kill confirmation if * @confirm_kill is not NULL. @confirm_kill, which may not block, will be * called after @ref is seen as dead from all CPUs at which point all * further invocations of percpu_ref_tryget_live() will fail. See * percpu_ref_tryget_live() for details. * * This function normally doesn't block and can be called from any context * but it may block if @confirm_kill is specified and @ref is in the * process of switching to atomic mode by percpu_ref_switch_to_atomic(). * * There are no implied RCU grace periods between kill and release.
*/ void percpu_ref_kill_and_confirm(struct percpu_ref *ref,
percpu_ref_func_t *confirm_kill)
{ unsignedlong flags;
/** * percpu_ref_is_zero - test whether a percpu refcount reached zero * @ref: percpu_ref to test * * Returns %true if @ref reached zero. * * This function is safe to call as long as @ref is between init and exit.
*/ bool percpu_ref_is_zero(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{ unsignedlong __percpu *percpu_count; unsignedlong count, flags;
if (__ref_is_percpu(ref, &percpu_count)) returnfalse;
/* protect us from being destroyed */
spin_lock_irqsave(&percpu_ref_switch_lock, flags); if (ref->data)
count = atomic_long_read(&ref->data->count); else
count = ref->percpu_count_ptr >> __PERCPU_REF_FLAG_BITS;
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&percpu_ref_switch_lock, flags);
/** * percpu_ref_reinit - re-initialize a percpu refcount * @ref: perpcu_ref to re-initialize * * Re-initialize @ref so that it's in the same state as when it finished * percpu_ref_init() ignoring %PERCPU_REF_INIT_DEAD. @ref must have been * initialized successfully and reached 0 but not exited. * * Note that percpu_ref_tryget[_live]() are safe to perform on @ref while * this function is in progress.
*/ void percpu_ref_reinit(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{
WARN_ON_ONCE(!percpu_ref_is_zero(ref));
/** * percpu_ref_resurrect - modify a percpu refcount from dead to live * @ref: perpcu_ref to resurrect * * Modify @ref so that it's in the same state as before percpu_ref_kill() was * called. @ref must be dead but must not yet have exited. * * If @ref->release() frees @ref then the caller is responsible for * guaranteeing that @ref->release() does not get called while this * function is in progress. * * Note that percpu_ref_tryget[_live]() are safe to perform on @ref while * this function is in progress.
*/ void percpu_ref_resurrect(struct percpu_ref *ref)
{ unsignedlong __percpu *percpu_count; unsignedlong flags;
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