/* * Copyright (c) 1998, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER. * * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as * published by the Free Software Foundation. * * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that * accompanied this code). * * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA. * * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any * questions. *
*/
// Computes a CPC map (new_index -> original_index) for constant pool entries // that are referred to by the interpreter at runtime via the constant pool cache. // Also computes a CP map (original_index -> new_index). // Marks entries in CP which require additional processing. void Rewriter::compute_index_maps() { constint length = _pool->length();
init_maps(length); bool saw_mh_symbol = false; for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) { int tag = _pool->tag_at(i).value(); switch (tag) { case JVM_CONSTANT_InterfaceMethodref: case JVM_CONSTANT_Fieldref : // fall through case JVM_CONSTANT_Methodref : // fall through
add_cp_cache_entry(i); break; case JVM_CONSTANT_Dynamic:
assert(_pool->has_dynamic_constant(), "constant pool's _has_dynamic_constant flag not set");
add_resolved_references_entry(i); break; case JVM_CONSTANT_String : // fall through case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodHandle : // fall through case JVM_CONSTANT_MethodType : // fall through
add_resolved_references_entry(i); break; case JVM_CONSTANT_Utf8: if (_pool->symbol_at(i) == vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle() ||
_pool->symbol_at(i) == vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_VarHandle()) {
saw_mh_symbol = true;
} break;
}
}
// Record limits of resolved reference map for constant pool cache indices
record_map_limits();
guarantee((int) _cp_cache_map.length() - 1 <= (int) ((u2)-1), "all cp cache indexes fit in a u2");
if (saw_mh_symbol) {
_method_handle_invokers.at_grow(length, 0);
}
}
// Unrewrite the bytecodes if an error occurs. void Rewriter::restore_bytecodes(Thread* thread) { int len = _methods->length(); bool invokespecial_error = false;
for (int i = len-1; i >= 0; i--) {
Method* method = _methods->at(i);
scan_method(thread, method, true, &invokespecial_error);
assert(!invokespecial_error, "reversing should not get an invokespecial error");
}
}
// Creates a constant pool cache given a CPC map void Rewriter::make_constant_pool_cache(TRAPS) {
ClassLoaderData* loader_data = _pool->pool_holder()->class_loader_data();
ConstantPoolCache* cache =
ConstantPoolCache::allocate(loader_data, _cp_cache_map,
_invokedynamic_cp_cache_map,
_invokedynamic_references_map, CHECK);
// initialize object cache in constant pool
_pool->set_cache(cache);
cache->set_constant_pool(_pool());
// _resolved_references is stored in pool->cache(), so need to be done after // the above lines.
_pool->initialize_resolved_references(loader_data, _resolved_references_map,
_resolved_reference_limit,
THREAD); #if INCLUDE_CDS if (!HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION && Arguments::is_dumping_archive()) { if (_pool->pool_holder()->is_shared()) {
assert(DynamicDumpSharedSpaces, "must be"); // We are linking a shared class from the base archive. This // class won't be written into the dynamic archive, so there's no // need to save its CpCaches.
} else {
cache->save_for_archive(THREAD);
}
} #endif
// Clean up constant pool cache if initialize_resolved_references() failed. if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
MetadataFactory::free_metadata(loader_data, cache);
_pool->set_cache(NULL); // so the verifier isn't confused
}
}
// The new finalization semantics says that registration of // finalizable objects must be performed on successful return from the // Object.<init> constructor. We could implement this trivially if // <init> were never rewritten but since JVMTI allows this to occur, a // more complicated solution is required. A special return bytecode // is used only by Object.<init> to signal the finalization // registration point. Additionally local 0 must be preserved so it's // available to pass to the registration function. For simplicity we // require that local 0 is never overwritten so it's available as an // argument for registration.
case Bytecodes::_istore: case Bytecodes::_lstore: case Bytecodes::_fstore: case Bytecodes::_dstore: case Bytecodes::_astore: if (bcs.get_index() != 0) continue;
// fall through case Bytecodes::_istore_0: case Bytecodes::_lstore_0: case Bytecodes::_fstore_0: case Bytecodes::_dstore_0: case Bytecodes::_astore_0:
THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_IncompatibleClassChangeError(), "can't overwrite local 0 in Object."); break;
default: break;
}
}
}
// Rewrite a classfile-order CP index into a native-order CPC index. void Rewriter::rewrite_member_reference(address bcp, int offset, bool reverse) {
address p = bcp + offset; if (!reverse) { int cp_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2(p); int cache_index = cp_entry_to_cp_cache(cp_index);
Bytes::put_native_u2(p, cache_index); if (!_method_handle_invokers.is_empty())
maybe_rewrite_invokehandle(p - 1, cp_index, cache_index, reverse);
} else { int cache_index = Bytes::get_native_u2(p); int pool_index = cp_cache_entry_pool_index(cache_index);
Bytes::put_Java_u2(p, pool_index); if (!_method_handle_invokers.is_empty())
maybe_rewrite_invokehandle(p - 1, pool_index, cache_index, reverse);
}
}
// If the constant pool entry for invokespecial is InterfaceMethodref, // we need to add a separate cpCache entry for its resolution, because it is // different than the resolution for invokeinterface with InterfaceMethodref. // These cannot share cpCache entries. void Rewriter::rewrite_invokespecial(address bcp, int offset, bool reverse, bool* invokespecial_error) {
address p = bcp + offset; if (!reverse) { int cp_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2(p); if (_pool->tag_at(cp_index).is_interface_method()) { int cache_index = add_invokespecial_cp_cache_entry(cp_index); if (cache_index != (int)(jushort) cache_index) {
*invokespecial_error = true;
}
Bytes::put_native_u2(p, cache_index);
} else {
rewrite_member_reference(bcp, offset, reverse);
}
} else {
rewrite_member_reference(bcp, offset, reverse);
}
}
// Adjust the invocation bytecode for a signature-polymorphic method (MethodHandle.invoke, etc.) void Rewriter::maybe_rewrite_invokehandle(address opc, int cp_index, int cache_index, bool reverse) { if (!reverse) { if ((*opc) == (u1)Bytecodes::_invokevirtual || // allow invokespecial as an alias, although it would be very odd:
(*opc) == (u1)Bytecodes::_invokespecial) {
assert(_pool->tag_at(cp_index).is_method(), "wrong index"); // Determine whether this is a signature-polymorphic method. if (cp_index >= _method_handle_invokers.length()) return; int status = _method_handle_invokers.at(cp_index);
assert(status >= -1 && status <= 1, "oob tri-state"); if (status == 0) { if (_pool->klass_ref_at_noresolve(cp_index) == vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_MethodHandle() &&
MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_name(vmClasses::MethodHandle_klass(),
_pool->name_ref_at(cp_index))) { // we may need a resolved_refs entry for the appendix
add_invokedynamic_resolved_references_entry(cp_index, cache_index);
status = +1;
} elseif (_pool->klass_ref_at_noresolve(cp_index) == vmSymbols::java_lang_invoke_VarHandle() &&
MethodHandles::is_signature_polymorphic_name(vmClasses::VarHandle_klass(),
_pool->name_ref_at(cp_index))) { // we may need a resolved_refs entry for the appendix
add_invokedynamic_resolved_references_entry(cp_index, cache_index);
status = +1;
} else {
status = -1;
}
_method_handle_invokers.at(cp_index) = status;
} // We use a special internal bytecode for such methods (if non-static). // The basic reason for this is that such methods need an extra "appendix" argument // to transmit the call site's intended call type. if (status > 0) {
(*opc) = (u1)Bytecodes::_invokehandle;
}
}
} else { // Do not need to look at cp_index. if ((*opc) == (u1)Bytecodes::_invokehandle) {
(*opc) = (u1)Bytecodes::_invokevirtual; // Ignore corner case of original _invokespecial instruction. // This is safe because (a) the signature polymorphic method was final, and // (b) the implementation of MethodHandle will not call invokespecial on it.
}
}
}
void Rewriter::rewrite_invokedynamic(address bcp, int offset, bool reverse) {
address p = bcp + offset;
assert(p[-1] == Bytecodes::_invokedynamic, "not invokedynamic bytecode"); if (!reverse) { int cp_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2(p); int cache_index = add_invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry(cp_index); int resolved_index = add_invokedynamic_resolved_references_entry(cp_index, cache_index); // Replace the trailing four bytes with a CPC index for the dynamic // call site. Unlike other CPC entries, there is one per bytecode, // not just one per distinct CP entry. In other words, the // CPC-to-CP relation is many-to-one for invokedynamic entries. // This means we must use a larger index size than u2 to address // all these entries. That is the main reason invokedynamic // must have a five-byte instruction format. (Of course, other JVM // implementations can use the bytes for other purposes.) // Note: We use native_u4 format exclusively for 4-byte indexes.
Bytes::put_native_u4(p, ConstantPool::encode_invokedynamic_index(cache_index)); // add the bcp in case we need to patch this bytecode if we also find a // invokespecial/InterfaceMethodref in the bytecode stream
_patch_invokedynamic_bcps->push(p);
_patch_invokedynamic_refs->push(resolved_index);
} else { int cache_index = ConstantPool::decode_invokedynamic_index(
Bytes::get_native_u4(p)); // We will reverse the bytecode rewriting _after_ adjusting them. // Adjust the cache index by offset to the invokedynamic entries in the // cpCache plus the delta if the invokedynamic bytecodes were adjusted. int adjustment = cp_cache_delta() + _first_iteration_cp_cache_limit; int cp_index = invokedynamic_cp_cache_entry_pool_index(cache_index - adjustment);
assert(_pool->tag_at(cp_index).is_invoke_dynamic(), "wrong index"); // zero out 4 bytes
Bytes::put_Java_u4(p, 0);
Bytes::put_Java_u2(p, cp_index);
}
}
void Rewriter::patch_invokedynamic_bytecodes() { // If the end of the cp_cache is the same as after initializing with the // cpool, nothing needs to be done. Invokedynamic bytecodes are at the // correct offsets. ie. no invokespecials added int delta = cp_cache_delta(); if (delta > 0) { int length = _patch_invokedynamic_bcps->length();
assert(length == _patch_invokedynamic_refs->length(), "lengths should match"); for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
address p = _patch_invokedynamic_bcps->at(i); int cache_index = ConstantPool::decode_invokedynamic_index(
Bytes::get_native_u4(p));
Bytes::put_native_u4(p, ConstantPool::encode_invokedynamic_index(cache_index + delta));
// invokedynamic resolved references map also points to cp cache and must // add delta to each. int resolved_index = _patch_invokedynamic_refs->at(i);
assert(_invokedynamic_references_map.at(resolved_index) == cache_index, "should be the same index");
_invokedynamic_references_map.at_put(resolved_index, cache_index + delta);
}
}
}
// Rewrite some ldc bytecodes to _fast_aldc void Rewriter::maybe_rewrite_ldc(address bcp, int offset, bool is_wide, bool reverse) { if (!reverse) {
assert((*bcp) == (is_wide ? Bytecodes::_ldc_w : Bytecodes::_ldc), "not ldc bytecode");
address p = bcp + offset; int cp_index = is_wide ? Bytes::get_Java_u2(p) : (u1)(*p);
constantTag tag = _pool->tag_at(cp_index).value();
// Rewrites a method given the index_map information void Rewriter::scan_method(Thread* thread, Method* method, bool reverse, bool* invokespecial_error) {
int nof_jsrs = 0; bool has_monitor_bytecodes = false;
Bytecodes::Code c;
// Bytecodes and their length const address code_base = method->code_base(); constint code_length = method->code_size();
int bc_length; for (int bci = 0; bci < code_length; bci += bc_length) {
address bcp = code_base + bci; int prefix_length = 0;
c = (Bytecodes::Code)(*bcp);
// Since we have the code, see if we can get the length // directly. Some more complicated bytecodes will report // a length of zero, meaning we need to make another method // call to calculate the length.
bc_length = Bytecodes::length_for(c); if (bc_length == 0) {
bc_length = Bytecodes::length_at(method, bcp);
// length_at will put us at the bytecode after the one modified // by 'wide'. We don't currently examine any of the bytecodes // modified by wide, but in case we do in the future... if (c == Bytecodes::_wide) {
prefix_length = 1;
c = (Bytecodes::Code)bcp[1];
}
}
// Continuing with an invalid bytecode will fail in the loop below. // So guarantee here.
guarantee(bc_length > 0, "Verifier should have caught this invalid bytecode");
switch (c) { case Bytecodes::_lookupswitch : { #ifndef ZERO
Bytecode_lookupswitch bc(method, bcp);
(*bcp) = (
bc.number_of_pairs() < BinarySwitchThreshold
? Bytecodes::_fast_linearswitch
: Bytecodes::_fast_binaryswitch
); #endif break;
} case Bytecodes::_fast_linearswitch: case Bytecodes::_fast_binaryswitch: { #ifndef ZERO
(*bcp) = Bytecodes::_lookupswitch; #endif break;
}
case Bytecodes::_invokespecial : {
rewrite_invokespecial(bcp, prefix_length+1, reverse, invokespecial_error); break;
}
case Bytecodes::_putstatic : case Bytecodes::_putfield : { if (!reverse) { // Check if any final field of the class given as parameter is modified // outside of initializer methods of the class. Fields that are modified // are marked with a flag. For marked fields, the compilers do not perform // constant folding (as the field can be changed after initialization). // // The check is performed after verification and only if verification has // succeeded. Therefore, the class is guaranteed to be well-formed.
InstanceKlass* klass = method->method_holder();
u2 bc_index = Bytes::get_Java_u2(bcp + prefix_length + 1);
constantPoolHandle cp(thread, method->constants());
Symbol* ref_class_name = cp->klass_name_at(cp->klass_ref_index_at(bc_index));
fieldDescriptor fd; if (klass->find_field(field_name, field_sig, &fd) != NULL) { if (fd.access_flags().is_final()) { if (fd.access_flags().is_static()) { if (!method->is_static_initializer()) {
fd.set_has_initialized_final_update(true);
}
} else { if (!method->is_object_initializer()) {
fd.set_has_initialized_final_update(true);
}
}
}
}
}
}
} // fall through case Bytecodes::_getstatic : // fall through case Bytecodes::_getfield : // fall through case Bytecodes::_invokevirtual : // fall through case Bytecodes::_invokestatic : case Bytecodes::_invokeinterface: case Bytecodes::_invokehandle : // if reverse=true
rewrite_member_reference(bcp, prefix_length+1, reverse); break; case Bytecodes::_invokedynamic:
rewrite_invokedynamic(bcp, prefix_length+1, reverse); break; case Bytecodes::_ldc: case Bytecodes::_fast_aldc: // if reverse=true
maybe_rewrite_ldc(bcp, prefix_length+1, false, reverse); break; case Bytecodes::_ldc_w: case Bytecodes::_fast_aldc_w: // if reverse=true
maybe_rewrite_ldc(bcp, prefix_length+1, true, reverse); break; case Bytecodes::_jsr : // fall through case Bytecodes::_jsr_w : nof_jsrs++; break; case Bytecodes::_monitorenter : // fall through case Bytecodes::_monitorexit : has_monitor_bytecodes = true; break;
default: break;
}
}
// Update access flags if (has_monitor_bytecodes) {
method->set_has_monitor_bytecodes();
}
// The present of a jsr bytecode implies that the method might potentially // have to be rewritten, so we run the oopMapGenerator on the method if (nof_jsrs > 0) {
method->set_has_jsrs(); // Second pass will revisit this method.
assert(method->has_jsrs(), "didn't we just set this?");
}
}
// After constant pool is created, revisit methods containing jsrs.
methodHandle Rewriter::rewrite_jsrs(const methodHandle& method, TRAPS) {
ResourceMark rm(THREAD);
ResolveOopMapConflicts romc(method);
methodHandle new_method = romc.do_potential_rewrite(CHECK_(methodHandle())); // Update monitor matching info. if (romc.monitor_safe()) {
new_method->set_guaranteed_monitor_matching();
}
return new_method;
}
void Rewriter::rewrite_bytecodes(TRAPS) {
assert(_pool->cache() == NULL, "constant pool cache must not be set yet");
// determine index maps for Method* rewriting
compute_index_maps();
if (RegisterFinalizersAtInit && _klass->name() == vmSymbols::java_lang_Object()) { bool did_rewrite = false; int i = _methods->length(); while (i-- > 0) {
Method* method = _methods->at(i); if (method->intrinsic_id() == vmIntrinsics::_Object_init) { // rewrite the return bytecodes of Object.<init> to register the // object for finalization if needed.
methodHandle m(THREAD, method);
rewrite_Object_init(m, CHECK);
did_rewrite = true; break;
}
}
assert(did_rewrite, "must find Object:: to rewrite it");
}
// rewrite methods, in two passes int len = _methods->length(); bool invokespecial_error = false;
for (int i = len-1; i >= 0; i--) {
Method* method = _methods->at(i);
scan_method(THREAD, method, false, &invokespecial_error); if (invokespecial_error) { // If you get an error here, there is no reversing bytecodes // This exception is stored for this class and no further attempt is // made at verifying or rewriting.
THROW_MSG(vmSymbols::java_lang_InternalError(), "This classfile overflows invokespecial for interfaces " "and cannot be loaded"); return;
}
}
// May have to fix invokedynamic bytecodes if invokestatic/InterfaceMethodref // entries had to be added.
patch_invokedynamic_bytecodes();
}
// Rewrite bytecodes - exception here exits.
rewrite_bytecodes(CHECK);
// Stress restoring bytecodes if (StressRewriter) {
restore_bytecodes(THREAD);
rewrite_bytecodes(CHECK);
}
// allocate constant pool cache, now that we've seen all the bytecodes
make_constant_pool_cache(THREAD);
// Restore bytecodes to their unrewritten state if there are exceptions // rewriting bytecodes or allocating the cpCache if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
restore_bytecodes(THREAD); return;
}
// Relocate after everything, but still do this under the is_rewritten flag, // so methods with jsrs in custom class lists in aren't attempted to be // rewritten in the RO section of the shared archive. // Relocated bytecodes don't have to be restored, only the cp cache entries int len = _methods->length(); for (int i = len-1; i >= 0; i--) {
methodHandle m(THREAD, _methods->at(i));
if (m->has_jsrs()) {
m = rewrite_jsrs(m, THREAD); // Restore bytecodes to their unrewritten state if there are exceptions // relocating bytecodes. If some are relocated, that is ok because that // doesn't affect constant pool to cpCache rewriting. if (HAS_PENDING_EXCEPTION) {
restore_bytecodes(THREAD); return;
} // Method might have gotten rewritten.
methods->at_put(i, m());
}
}
}
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