Impressum convert.pl Sprache: Shell

#!/usr/bin/perl -w
#
# Script to convert GAP manual TeX files to HTML
# Usage:
#  convert.pl [-csti] [-f <frontpage>] [-n <pkgname>] <doc-dir> [<html-dir>]
#
# Requirements: Perl (might need to edit the first line of this file)
#               TtH is not strictlty necessary but very desirable to treat
#               formulas.
#
#  Caveats:
#
#  1. This script assumes that the .toc, .lab and .bbl files are up-to-date
#     with the .tex files and will almost certainly fail horribly if they
#     are not.
#
#  2. The output files are CxxxSxxx.htm, (not .html) plus chapters.htm,
#     theindex.htm and biblio.htm, except when called with the -c option
#     (in which case, there are CHAPxxx.htm files instead of CxxxSxxx.htm).
#     A (front page) file index.htm is assumed, but not created.
#     Not all servers will serve .htm files as HTML without adjustments.
#
#  3. The script assumes that the .tex files comply with GAP conventions,
#     including unwritten ones. It tries to follow the behaviour of TeX
#     assuming those conventions. The on-line browser attempts to provide
#     an ASCII equivalent. See BUGS.
#
#  4. The hierarchy of the HTML manuals assumed is of the following form:
#
#         <GAPDIR>/
#                 doc/
#                    <main>
#                 pkg/
#                    <pkg>/
#                         htm
#
#     for each main manual <main> (in: ref, tut) and each
#     package <pkg>. To make inter-linking between manuals work,
#     one should generally use the -c option for everything, (or not use
#     it for everything). Linking to package manuals from the main
#     manual can only be expected to work if the package manuals
#     are created using this converter.
#
#  5. Only the manual.lab files for books that are referenced via the
#     \UseReferences and \UseGapDocReferences commands in the manual.tex
#     file of the book being converted (and the book's own manual.lab
#     file, of course) are read. Make sure all the \UseReferences and
#     \UseGapDocReferences commands needed are present! (The TeX-produced
#     manuals will be missing lots of cross-references also, if some are
#     missing.) You will get `Bad link' messages if you have some missing.
#
#  Options:
#
#    -c  file-per-chapter mode: Generates one HTML file CHAPxxx.htm
#        for each chapter; sections are level 2 headings and anchors
#        CHAPxxx.htm#SECTxxx.
#        This is intended for local browsing, especially under MS-DOS.
#        It may be used with the -n (package) option.
#
#    -f <frontpage>
#        Adds a "Top" link to link <frontpage> to each manual page,
#        only available if -n option is also used.
#
#    -s  silent running: Conversational messages are suppressed.
#
#    -n <pkgname>
#        We are not building the main manual but the one for the
#        package <pkgname>. To get cross references to the main library
#        right, it assumes that the package is in the right place.
#        The -c option may be used with this option.
#
#    -i  index: Only one index file is produced.
#
#    -t  tex-math: Runs `tth' (which must be installed on the local system)
#        to produce better HTML code for formulae. (It would be possible to
#        replace tth by another conversion, for example TeXexplorer, but
#        (at least) the line calling `tth' would need to be modified.)

#    -u  Like -t, but uses `tth -u2' to produce unicode.
#
#    <doc-dir>  The directory where all the needed .tex, .toc, .lab and .bbl
#               files are located.
#
#    <html-dir> The directory (which should already exist) in which to put
#               the generated .htm files. Defaults to the current directory,
#               if omitted.
#
#    Example usage:
#      convert.pl -n mypkg doc htm       # in directory .../pkg/mypkg
#      convert.pl -t -n mypkg doc htm    # ditto previous + use tth for maths
#      convert.pl -t -n mypkg -c doc htm # ditto previous + 1 file per chapter
#      convert.pl -t -c ../ref ref       # (for Ref manual) in dir .../doc/htm
#
#  FEATURES (and intended departures from the TeX behaviour)
#     .  Now interprets 2nd argument of an \atindex command if it is
#        of form @... and ignores the first argument, or otherwise it
#        interprets the first argument. Interprets ! as a comma and
#        indices output have no sub-headers.
#     .  The @... component of \> commands is ignored. The assumption
#        is that for: \>`...'{...}@{...}  the @{...} component is just
#        the {...} with font changes.
#     .  In a \beginitems ... \enditems environment everything is indented
#        except for the item headers, rather than just the paragraph
#        following the item header.
#     .  By default, the \beginlist ... \endlist environment is interpreted
#        as a compact description list. By adding %unordered or %ordered...
#        markup it will be interpreted as either an unordered or ordered
#        list respectively (see gapmacro documentation for details).
#     .  There are spacing differences e.g. \begintt ... \endtt etc.
#        environments are not indented.
#     .  Supports all accents of TeX, in probably the best way currently
#        possible with HTML.
#     .  Treats PseudoInput chapters in the `same' way as Input chapters.
#     .  With -t switch announces the version of TtH used.
#     .  Now supports %display{nontex}, %display{nontext} and
#        %display{nonhtml} variants of %display environment.
#     .  References to subsections are now interpreted as one would expect.
#
#  BUGS (and known departures from the TeX behaviour)
#     .  $a.b$ is only interpreted correctly in -t mode.
#     .  The citation keys that appear are the .bib file keys rather
#        than the keys BibTeX constructs with the `alpha' bib-style.
#
#  TODO
#     .  Refine macro_replace subroutine so it can also be used to purge
#        2nd arg of \atindex macros.
#     .  For -t mode, scan for \def commands in manual.tex and write
#        to TTHIN (tthmacros.tex). Should we only look for a block
#        demarcated by %mathsmacros ... %endmathsmacros ?
#        These \def commands are only intended for such font
#        changing commands as: \def\B{{\cal B}} (`tth' provides a
#        script-type font).
#     .  Provide a table environment, if/when a \begintable ...
#        \endtable environment is added to gapmacro.tex.
#
#############################################################################

# Check PERL version
#
$] > 5 or die "Needs perl 5";

use Getopt::Std;

#
# Global variables
#
#  $dir  -- the full pathname of the input directory, including a trailing /
#  $odir -- the full pathname of the output directory, including a trailing /
#  $opt_c and $opt_s set by getopts()
#  @chapters -- the chapters data structure
#  IN    -- the current input file (outputfiles are handled by select)
#  $footer -- the trailer put on every page
#  $indexcount -- used within chapters to number the index anchors
#  $lastnumchap -- number of last numerically numbered chapter
#

# These match chapter and section lines in a .toc file
#

$chapexp = '\\\\chapcontents\s+\{((?:\d+|[A-Z]))\}\s*\{(.+)\}\s*\{\d+\}';
$secexp = '\\\\seccontents\s+\{((?:\d+|[A-Z]))\.(\d+)\}\s*\{(.+)\}\s*\{\d+\}';
#$ignoreexp = '\\\\tocstrut|\\\\appno|\\\\seccontents\s+\{\d+\}';
$lastnumchap = 0;

# Variable that is set to 2 inside a nest of \itemitem s of a
# \beginlist ... \endlist environment
#

$listdepth = 0;

# This is augmented each time a line: \Package{...} is read in a manual.tex
# file, so that macro_replace knows to set a {\...} macro in sans-serif.
#

$sharepkg = "";

# The books converted to HTML with this converter
# The values set are: 0 or 1 according to whether or not -c was used.
#

%convertbooks = ();

# This is added to when scanning GAPDoc manuals.
#

%gapdocbooks = ();

# Types of href label are:
# 0 (non -c books) : C<MMM>S<NNN>.htm
# 1 (-c books)     : CHAP<MMM>.htm#SECT<NNN>
# 2 (== $gapdoc)   : chap<M>.html#<gapdoc-id>
#
# It would be nice to support subsections properly like GapDoc,
# but this involves creating a subsection data-structure modelled
# on section, which is a mite non-trivial (maybe ... if I find time).
# For now in-text references go to the beginning of the chapter.
#
# BH: it might be easier to use tags based on the name of the function

$gapdoc = 2;

# sansserif:
#
# Used mainly to set GAP in sans serif font. Inside <title> ... </title>
# there should *not* be any tags, since they are not translated there by
# web browsers, and hence sansserif should *not* be applied to anything
# that ends up in the <title> ... </title> field, but *is* quite appropriate
# for the header in the <h1> ... </h1> field at the top of the body of an
# HTML file and anywhere else within the body of an HTML file.
#
sub sansserif {
    my ($name) = @_;
    return "Gill Sans,Helvetica,Arial\">$name";
}

# booktitle_body:
#
# This is for generating the title of a document that goes in the
# <h1> ... </h1> field at the top of the body, as opposed to the title
# that goes in the <title> ... </title> field which should be unembellished.
#
sub booktitle_body {
    my ($bktitle, @prog_or_pkg) = @_;
    foreach $prog_or_pkg (@prog_or_pkg) {
        $newstring = sansserif $prog_or_pkg;
        $bktitle =~ s/$prog_or_pkg/$newstring/;
    }
    return $bktitle;
}

#
# used to standardize section names for use as hash indices.
#

sub canonize {
    my ($key) = @_;
    $key =~ tr/A-Z/a-z/;
    $key =~ s/\s//g;
    $key =~ s/\\//g;
    $key;
}
sub kanonize {
    my ($key) = @_;
    $key =~ s/\\ / /g;
    $key =~ s/!/ /g;
    $key;
}

sub def_section_by_name {
    my ($sec, $chapno, $secno, $ssecno, $name) = @_;
    my $secname = canonize $1;
    if (defined $sections_by_name{$secname}) {
        if (($sections_by_name{$secname}->{chapnum} ne $chapno) ||
            ($sections_by_name{$secname}->{secnum}  ne $secno)  ||
            ($sections_by_name{$secname}->{ssecnum} ne $ssecno)) {
            print STDERR "Section: \"$secname\" already defined as: ",
                         "$sections_by_name{$secname}->{chapnum}.",
                         "$sections_by_name{$secname}->{secnum}.",
                         "$sections_by_name{$secname}->{ssecnum}\n";
            print STDERR "Now being redefined as: $chapno.$secno.$ssecno\n";
            $redefined_secname{$secname} = 1;
        } else {
            return;
        }
    }
    $sections_by_name{$secname}
         = {chapnum => $chapno,
            secnum  => $secno,
            ssecnum => $ssecno,
            name => $name};
   # print STDERR "Defined section \"$secname\": $chapno.$secno.$ssecno $name\n";
}

sub tonum { # Needed since chanu may be A,B,... for appendices
    my ($chanu) = @_;
    return $chanu =~ /\d+/ ? $chanu : $lastnumchap + ord($chanu) - ord('A') + 1;
}

# getchaps:
#
# Scan the .tex and .toc files to get chapter names and numbers,
# section names and numbers and associated filenames.
# Loads up chapters and sections_by_name.
#

sub getchaps {
    open( TOC, "<${dir}manual.toc" )
        || die "Can't open ${dir}manual.toc.\n You can " .
               "create the .toc file by doing: tex manual (at least once).\n";
    my ($chap,$sec,$chapno,$chap_as_sec,$chapnam,$chanu);
    while (<TOC>) {
        if ( /$chapexp/o ) {
     $chapnam = $2;
     $chanu   = $1;
            $lastnumchap = $chanu if ( $chanu =~ /\d+/ );

     # remove `(preliminary)' part that messes everything up
     $chapnam =~ s/ $preliminary$//g;

            $chap = {name => $chapnam,
                     number => $chanu};
            $chap_as_sec = {name => $chapnam,
                            chapnum => $chanu,
                            secnum => 0,
                            chapter => $chap};
            $chap->{sections}[0] = $chap_as_sec;
            defined ($chapters[tonum $chanu]) && die "chapter number repeated";
            $chapters[tonum $chanu] = $chap;
        } elsif ( /$secexp/o ) {
            defined ($chapters[tonum $1])
                || die "section $2:$3 in unknown chapter $1";
            defined ($chapters[tonum $1]{sections}[$2])
                && die "section number repeated";
            $sec = {name => $3,
                    secnum => $2,
                    chapnum => $1,
                    chapter => $chapters[tonum $1]};
            $chapters[tonum $1]{sections}[$2] = $sec;
# this would produce warnings from empty chapters. Thus ignore.
#        } elsif ( $_ !~ /$ignoreexp/o ) {
#            print STDERR "Bad line: $_";
        }
    }
    close TOC;
    open (TEX, "<${dir}manual.tex") || die "Can't open ${dir}manual.tex";
    $chapno = 0;
    while (<TEX>) {
        if ( /^[^%]*\\(|Pseudo)Input\{([^}]+)\}(\{([^}]+)\}\{([^}]+)\})?/ ) {
            if (not -f "$dir$2.tex" or not -r "$dir$2.tex") {
                print STDERR "Chapter file $2.tex does not exist in $dir\n";
            }
            if ($1 eq "") {
                $chapters[++$chapno]{file} = $2;
            } else {
                $chapnam = $5;
         $chanu   = ++$chapno;
                $lastnumchap = $chanu;

                $chap = {name => $chapnam,
                         number => $chanu};
                $chap_as_sec = {name => $chapnam,
                                chapnum => $chanu,
                                secnum  => 0,
                                ssecnum => 0,
                                chapter => $chap};
                if ($4 ne $5) {
                    def_section_by_name("$book:$chapnam", $chanu, 0, 0, canonize $chapnam);
                    add_to_index(htm_fname($opt_c,$chanu,0, 0, ""),
                                           $4, $chap_as_sec, 0);
                }

                $chap->{sections}[0] = $chap_as_sec;
                defined($chapters[$chanu]) && die "chapter number repeated";
                $chapters[$chanu] = $chap;
                $chapters[$chanu]{file} = $2;
            }
        }
    }
    close TEX;
}

sub getlabs {
  my ($bkdir) = @_;

  open (LAB, "<${bkdir}manual.lab") || print "Can't open ${bkdir}manual.lab";
    while (<LAB>) {
      if ( /\\setcitlab/ ) {
   next; # We don't get the bibliography labels from here
      } elsif ( /\\GAPDocLabFile\s*\{([^}]+)\}/ ) {
        $gapdocbooks{$1} = 1;
        print STDERR "GapDoc books: ", keys(%gapdocbooks), "\n";
      } elsif (/\\makelabel\s*\{([^}]+)\}\s*\{(\w+)(\.(\d+))?(\.(\d+))?\}\{([^}]+)\}/) {
        def_section_by_name($1, $2, (defined($3) ? $4 : 0),
          (defined($5) ? $6 : 0), $7);
      } elsif (/\\makelabel\s*\{([^}]+)\}\s*\{(\w+)(\.(\d+))?(\.(\d+))?\}/) {
          def_section_by_name($1, $2, (defined($3) ? $4 : 0),
          (defined($5) ? $6 : 0), "");
      } else {
   chomp;
   print STDERR "Ignored line: $_\n... in ${bkdir}manual.lab\n";
      }
    }
    close LAB;
}

#
# Mainly diagnostic, prints the chapters data structure. Also
# checks that each section has the correct back reference to its
# chapter
#

sub printchaps {
    my @chapters = @_;
  CHAP: foreach $chapter (@chapters) {
      next CHAP unless (defined ($chapter));
      print "Chapter $chapter->{number} $chapter->{name} $chapter->{file}\n";
    SECT: foreach $section (@{$chapter->{sections}}) {
        next SECT unless defined ($section);
        print " Section $section->{chapnum}.$section->{secnum} $section->{name}\n";
        if ($section->{chapter} ne $chapter ) {
            print " loop problem\n";
        }
    }

  }
}

# Printed at the bottom of every page.
$footer = "

\n" . sansserif( "GAP 4 manual
" . `date +"%B %Y"` ) .
          "";

# Section label ... this is the bit that goes after a # in an HREF link
# or is assigned to the value of NAME in an anchor.
#
sub sec_label {
    my ($c_s_gapdoc,$cnum,$snum,$ssnum) = @_;

    if ($c_s_gapdoc == $gapdoc) {
      return "s${snum}ss${ssnum}";
    }

    $snum = "0" x (3 - length $snum) . $snum;
    if ($c_s_gapdoc) {
        if ($snum eq "000") {
            return "";
        } elsif ($ssnum) {
            return "SSEC${snum}.$ssnum";
        } else {
            return "SECT${snum}";
        }
    } else {
        return ($ssnum) ? "SSEC$ssnum" : "";
    }
}

# The HREFs of subsections, sections and chapter files are determined by
# this routine directly if the chapter, section, subsection numbers are known.
sub htm_fname {
    my ($c_s_gapdoc,$cnum,$snum,$ssnum,$name) = @_;
    # print STDERR "making htm_fname from $cnum.$snum.$ssnum $name\n";

    my $seclabel = "$name";

    $seclabel = sec_label($c_s_gapdoc,$cnum,$snum,$ssnum) if ($seclabel eq "");
    $seclabel = "#$seclabel" if ($seclabel ne "");
    # print STDERR "made $seclabel\n";

    if ($c_s_gapdoc == $gapdoc) {
      return "chap${cnum}.html$seclabel";
    }

    $cnum = "0" x (3 - length $cnum) . $cnum;
    $snum = "0" x (3 - length $snum) . $snum;
    return ($c_s_gapdoc) ? "CHAP${cnum}.htm$seclabel"
                         : "C${cnum}S$snum.htm$seclabel";
}

# Returns the value that $opt_c must have had when the book $book
# was compiled with this converter.
sub hreftype {
    my ($book, $bdir) = @_;
    if ( !(exists $convertbooks{$book}) ) {
      my @ls = `ls ${odir}$bdir`;
      $convertbooks{$book}
          = (grep { m/^CHAP...[.]htm$/ } @ls) ?
                1 :             # .htm files have shape CHAP<MMM>.htm
                (grep { m/^CHAP...[.]htm$/ } @ls) ?
                    0 :         # .htm files have shape C<MMM>S<NNN>.htm
                    (grep { m/^chap...[.]html$/ } @ls) ?
                        2 :     # .html files have shape chapM.html
                        $opt_c; # can't determine the shape ... don't exist
                                # yet ... we assume the shape of the current
                                # manual being compiled.
    }
    return $convertbooks{$book};
}

# The names of the section and chapter files are determined by this routine
# when one has to determine the chapter and section number indirectly.
sub name2fn {
    my ($name,$ischap) = @_;
    my $bdir = "";
    my $c_s_gapdoc = $opt_c;

    # : indicates a cross-volume reference
    my $canon_name = canonize $name;
    #print STDERR "canon_name = $canon_name\n";
    if ( $canon_name =~ /^(ref|tut):/ ) {
      if ($mainman==1) {
$bdir = "../$1/";
      } else {
        $bdir = "../../../doc/$1/";
      }
      $c_s_gapdoc = hreftype($1, $bdir);
    } elsif ($canon_name =~ /^([a-zA-Z_0-9]*):/ ) {
      # presumably a package name
      #print STDERR "package name = $1\n";
      if ($mainman==1) {
        if (exists $gapdocbooks{$1}) {    # a main manual referring
   $bdir = "../../../pkg/$1/doc/"; # to a GapDoc-produced manual
          $c_s_gapdoc = $gapdoc;
        } else {
   $bdir = "../../../pkg/$1/htm/";
          $c_s_gapdoc = hreftype($1, $bdir);
        }
      } elsif (exists $gapdocbooks{$1}) { # a package manual referring
$bdir = "../../$1/doc/";          # to a GapDoc-produced manual
        $c_s_gapdoc = $gapdoc;
      } else {
$bdir = "../../$1/htm/";
        $c_s_gapdoc = hreftype($1, $bdir);
      }
    } elsif ($canon_name !~ /^($book):/) {
        $name = "$book:$name";
        $canon_name = canonize $name;
    }
    $name =~ s/\s+/ /g;

    if (exists $redefined_secname{$canon_name}) {
        print STDERR "Ref to multiply defined label: ",
                     "\"$name\" at line $. of $chap->{file}.tex\n";
    }
    my $sec = $sections_by_name{$canon_name};

    unless (defined ( $sec)) {
        print STDERR "Bad link: \"$name\" at line $. of $chap->{file}.tex\n";
        return "badlink:$name";
    }
    return $bdir . htm_fname($c_s_gapdoc,
                             $sec->{chapnum},
                             ($ischap == 1) ? 0 : $sec->{secnum},
                             ($ischap == 1) ? 0 : $sec->{ssecnum},
                             $sec->{name});
}

# strip out the tag from cross book references for the body of links
sub name2linktext {
   my $name;
  ($name) = @_;
  $name =~ s/^(ref|tut)://;
  return $name;
}

#
# Add an index entry to the index.
# ($hname = $fname or $fname#..., where $fname is a filename)
sub add_to_index {
    my ($hname, $key, $sec) = @_;
    my $secno = "$sec->{chapnum}.$sec->{secnum}";
    if (defined $sec->{ssecnum} and $sec->{ssecnum}) {
         $secno .= ".$sec->{ssecnum}";
    }
    push @{$index{$key}}, [ $hname, $secno ];
#   print STDERR "hname = $hname, key = $key, ";
#   print STDERR "sec = $secno\n";
}

#
# Create a label for an index entry, add it to the index if new,
# and return the label (which is an empty string if not new).
sub inxentry {
    my ($fname,$key,$sec) = @_;
    my $curs="$sec->{chapnum}.$sec->{secnum}";
#   print STDERR "curs = $curs\n";
#   print STDERR "fname = $fname, key = $key, ";
#   print STDERR "sec = $sec->{chapnum}.$sec->{secnum}\n";
    my $label = "I$indexcount\">\n";
    if (defined $index{$key}) {
        my $ar;
        foreach $ar (@{$index{$key}}) {
     if ( ($ar->[1]) eq $curs ) {
        $label="";  # index entry is not new
               last;
     }
        }
    } else {
        $index{$key} = [];
    }
    if ($label ne "") {
        add_to_index("$fname#I$indexcount", $key, $sec);
#       print STDERR "$fname#I$indexcount\n";
        $indexcount++;
    }
    return $label;
}

#
# Return a NAME anchor for a subsection
#
sub subsec_name {
    my ($fname,$key,$sec) = @_;
#   print STDERR "curs = $curs\n";
#   print STDERR "sec = $sec->{chapnum}.$sec->{secnum}.$sec->{ssecnum}\n";
    $key =~ s/!\{(.*)\}$/!$1/;
    $key =~ s/\s+/ /g;
    my $canon_name =  canonize "$book:$key";
    my $sec_of_key = $sections_by_name{$canon_name};
    if (exists $redefined_secname{$key}) {
        print STDERR "Multiply defined label: ",
                     "\"$key\" at line $. of $chap->{file}.tex\n",
                     "... subsection will be unreachable\n";
        return "";
    } elsif ($sec_of_key->{chapnum} ne $sec->{chapnum} ||
             $sec_of_key->{secnum}  ne $sec->{secnum}) {
        print STDERR "Section of \"$key\" (",
                     "$sec_of_key->{chapnum}.$sec_of_key->{secnum}) ",
                     "doesn't agree with the current section (",
                     "$sec->{chapnum}.$sec->{secnum}) ",
                     "at line $. of $chap->{file}.tex\n",
                     "... subsection will be unreachable\n";
        return "";
    } else {
        my $curs = "$sec_of_key->{chapnum}.$sec_of_key->{secnum}" .
                                         ".$sec_of_key->{ssecnum}";
        my $label = sec_label($opt_c, $sec_of_key->{chapnum},
                                      $sec_of_key->{secnum},
                                      $sec_of_key->{ssecnum});
        if (defined $index{$key}) {
            my $ar;
            foreach $ar (@{$index{$key}}) {
         if ( ($ar->[1]) eq $curs ) {
            return "";  # index entry is not new
         }
            }
        } else {
            $index{$key} = [];
        }
#       print STDERR "Subsection key: \"$key\"\n";
        add_to_index("$fname#$label", $key, $sec_of_key);
        return "$label\">\n";
    }
}

# Some characters must be represented differently in HTML.
sub html_literal {
    my ($lit) = @_;
    if    ($lit eq "<") { return "<"; }
    elsif ($lit eq ">") { return ">"; }
    elsif ($lit eq "&") { return "&"; }
    else                { return $lit; }
}

# Gather lines ending in % together.
sub gather {
    my ($line, $nontex) = @_;
    my $nextline;
    while ($line =~ s/%+\s*$// and defined($nextline = <IN>)) {
        $nextline =~ s/^%// if $nontex;
        unless ($nextline =~ /^%/) {
            $nextline =~ s/^\s*//;
     $line .= $nextline;
     chomp $line;
        }
    }
    return $line;
}

# This routine is called to process the text of the section
# the output file is assumed to be pre-selected. The input filehandle
# is simply IN
#
# As we process, we can be in "normal" mode (text), "maths" mode
# inside $ ... $, or "verbatim" mode inside a multi-line example
#
# We separately track whether we are in bold or tt,
# whether we are in a xxx: .... paragraph and whether we are reading
# a cross-reference that is split across multiple lines
#
# Finally, we track whether we have already
# emitted a <P> for this group of blank lines
#

$boldcommands = 'CAS|[A-Z]|danger|exercise';
$TeXbinops = "in|wedge|vee|cup|cap|otimes|oplus|le|ge|rightarrow";
$EndTeXMacro = "(?![A-Za-z])";
$TeXaccents = "\'`~=^";  # ^ must come last, this is also used as regexp
# From these and the argument following the HTML symbol is built
# e.g. `a -> à
%accents = ( "\'" => "acute",  "19" => "acute",
             "`"  => "grave",  "18" => "grave",
             "~"  => "tilde", "126" => "tilde",
             "^"  => "circ",   "94" => "circ",
             "c"  => "cedil",  "48" => "cedil",
             "H"  => "uml",   "125" => "uml",  "127" => "uml"  );
# These are the replacements for accents that have an empty argument
# or for which there is no single HTML symbol (so that the accent must
# precede the argument)
%acc_0arg = ( "\'" => "\'",    "19" => "\'",
              "`"  => "`",     "18" => "`",
              "~"  => "~",    "126" => "~",
              "="  => "macr",  "22" => "macr",
              "^"  => "^",     "94" => "^",
              "c"  => "",      "48" => "",    # too hard ... just omit
              "d"  => "",                     # too hard ... just omit
              "b"  => "",                     # too hard ... just omit
              "t"  => "",                     # too hard ... just omit
              "u"  => "\\u",   "21" => "\\u", # too hard ... put back
              "v"  => "\\v",   "20" => "\\v", # too hard ... put back
              "H"  => "uml",  "125" => "uml",  "127" => "uml"  );

# Calls tth to find out its version number
sub tth_version {
    `tth -H >tthout 2> tthout`;
    open (TTHOUT, ") || die "Can't read tthout\n";
    while (<TTHOUT>) {
        if (s/.*(Version [^ ]*).*/$1/) {
            close TTHOUT;
            system("rm tthout");
            chomp;
            return $_;
        }
    }
}

# We use this routine when using -t option to do any maths translation
sub tth_math_replace {
    my ($tth) = @_;
    open (TTHIN, ">tthin") || die "Can't create tthin";
#print STDERR "in: ${tth}\n";
    my $tthorig = $tth;
    # replace <...> by proper TeX
    while ($tth =~ /(.*?[^\\])<(.*?[^\\])>(.*)/) {
        $tth= $1."{\\it ".$2."\\/}".$3;
#print STDERR "tth: ${tth}\n";
    }
    # replace `...' by proper TeX
    while ($tth =~ /(.*[^\\])`(.*[^\\])\'(.*)/) {
        $tth= $1."{\\tt ".$2."}".$3;
    }
    # replace \< by proper TeX
    while ($tth =~ /(.*[^\\])\\<(.*)/) {
        $tth= $1."<".$2;
    }
    #while ($tth =~ /(.*[^\\])\\>(.*)/) {
    # $tth= $1.">".$2;
    #}

    $tth =~ s/([^\\]|^)([.])/$1\\cdot /g; # . not preceded by \ becomes \cdot
    $tth =~ s/\\[.]/./g;                  # \. becomes .
    $tth =~ s/(\\right)\\cdot/$1./g;      # ... except for \right. (leave as is)
    $tth =~ s/(\\not)\s*/$1/g;
    $tth =~ s/\\\*/*/g;
    if ($opt_t < 2.52) {
        $tth =~ s/\\not\\in(?![a-zA-Z])/\\notin/g;
        $tth =~ s/\\not\\subset/ not subset/g;
    }
    # Ensure display mode used for \buildrel and \choose constructions
    $tth =~ s/\$/\$\$/g if ($tth =~ /\\buildrel|\\choose/ and $tth !~ /\$\$/);
    if ($tth =~ /\\[A-Za-z]/) {
      # there might be macros: Load our macros
#print STDERR "tth: ${tth}\n";
      print TTHIN "\\input tthmacros.tex\n";
    }
    # we put in TTHBEGIN .. TTHEND
    # so we can strip out the superfluous <p>s
    # tth 2.78+ puts in, later.
    print TTHIN "TTHBEGIN${tth}TTHEND\n";
    close TTHIN;
    `$tthbin -r -i <tthin >tthout 2>/dev/null`;
    open (TTHOUT, ") || die "Can't read tthout";
    $tth="";
    while ( $tthin = <TTHOUT> ) {
      chomp($tthin);
      $tth .= $tthin;
    }
    close TTHOUT;
#print STDERR "out: ${tth}\n";
    # only the stuff between TTHBEGIN and TTHEND
    # actually belongs to the formula translated
    $tth =~ s/.*TTHBEGIN(.*)TTHEND.*/$1/
        || do {print STDERR "!tth failed with input:\n $tthorig\n",
                            "!Null formula written to HTML file\n";
               $tth = "";};
    # tth leaves \mathbin etc. in ... get rid of them if present
    $tth =~ s/\\math(bin|rel|op)//g;
    # TtH up to version 2.86 doesn't know the following
    $tth =~ s/\\wr(?![a-zA-Z])/ wr /g;
    $tth =~ s/\\vdash(?![a-zA-Z])/ |- /g;
    $tth =~ s/\\tilde(?![a-zA-Z])/~/g; # needed for in-line maths
#print STDERR "stripped: ${tth}\n";

    # replace italic typewriter (happens because we force
    # italic letters) by roman typewriter style
    while ($tth =~ /(.*)<tt><i>(.*)<\/i><\/tt>(.*)/) {
      $tth= $1."".$2."".$3;
    }

    # increasing the font size doesn't affect maths displays
    # ... and `...' markup doesn't get increased in font size
    # So let's get rid of it.
    #$tth = "<font size=\"+1\">$tth</font>";
#print STDERR "enlarged: ${tth}\n";
    return $tth;
}

#
# Takes a line of form: "<head><spaces>{<arg>}<rest>"
# and returns an array with: <rest>, <arg>, <head>
# i.e. it finds the matching } for {.
sub get_arg {
    my ($line) = @_;
    if ($line =~ /\s*\{([^{}]*)/) {
        $line = $`;
        my $arg = $1;
        my $rest = $';
        my $nbraces = 1;
        while ($nbraces) {
            if ($rest =~ s/^(\{[^{}]*)//) {
                $arg .= $1;
                $nbraces++;
            } elsif ($nbraces == 1 and $rest =~ s/^\}//) {
                $nbraces--;
            } elsif ($rest =~ s/^(\}[^{}]*)//) {
                $arg .= $1;
                $nbraces--;
            } else { # abort ... but make sure braces match
                $rest = "{" x $nbraces . $rest;
                $arg .= "}" x ($nbraces - 1);
                $nbraces = 0;
            }
        }
        return ($rest, $arg, $line);
    } else {
        print STDERR "line:$line\n";
        die "Expected argument: at line $. of file";
    }
}

#
# Given an accent macro with the \ or \accent stripped and the rest
# of a line with the macro's argument at it beginning return the
# HTML version of the accented argument and rest after the macro's
# argument has been stripped from it.
sub do_accent {
    my ($rest, $macro) = @_;
    $rest =~ /^(\w)|\{(\w?)\}/;
    $rest = $';
    my $arg = (defined $1) ? $1 : $2;
    $macro = ($arg eq "") ? $acc_0arg{$macro} : "&$arg$accents{$macro};";
    return ($rest, $macro);
}

#
# Takes rest which has a TeX macro without its \ at its beginning and
# returns the HTML version of the TeX macro and rest with the TeX macro
# stripped from it.
sub macro_replace {
    my ($rest) = @_;
    if ($rest =~ /^([$TeXaccents])\s*/) {
        return do_accent($', $1);
    }
    if ($rest =~ /^([a-zA-Z]+)\s*/) {
        $rest = $';
        my $macro = $1;
        if ($macro eq "accent") {
            $rest =~ /^(\d+)\s*/;
            $rest = $';
            $macro = $1;
            $macro = "" unless (defined $acc_0arg{$macro});
        }
        if (defined $accents{$macro})     { return do_accent($rest, $macro); }
        elsif (defined $acc_0arg{$macro}) { return ($rest, $acc_0arg{$macro}); }
        elsif ($macro eq "copyright")     { return ($rest, "©"); }
        elsif ($macro eq "aa")            { return ($rest, "å"); }
        elsif ($macro eq "AA")            { return ($rest, "Å"); }
        elsif ($macro eq "lq")            { return ($rest, "`"); }
elsif ($macro =~ /^(rq|pif)$/)    { return ($rest, "'"); }
        elsif ($macro =~ /^($boldcommands)$/)
          { return ($rest,"helvetica,arial\">".uc($&).""); }
        elsif ($macro =~ /^(GAP|ATLAS|MOC$sharepkg)$/)
          { return ($rest, sansserif $macro); }
        elsif ($macro eq "package")
          { my ($last, $arg, $first) = get_arg("$rest"); # $first = ""
            return ($last, sansserif $arg);}
        elsif ($macro eq "sf")
          { my ($last, $arg, $first) = get_arg("{$rest"); # $first = ""
            return ($last, sansserif $arg);}
        elsif ($macro =~ /^([hv]box|rm|kernttindent|math(bin|rel|op))$/)
          { return ($rest, "");}
        elsif ($macro =~ /^(obeylines|(begin|end)group)$/)
          { return ($rest, "");}
        elsif ($macro =~ /^hfil(|l)$/)    { return ($rest, " ");}
        elsif ($macro =~ /^break$/)       { return ($rest, "
");}
        elsif ($macro =~ /^(it|sl)$/)
          { my ($last, $arg, $first) = get_arg("{$rest"); # $first = ""
            return ("$arg}\\emphend $last", "");}
# pseudo ``emph'' end token
        elsif ($macro eq "emphend")      { return ($rest, "");        }
        elsif ($macro eq "hrule")        { return ($rest, "

");         }
        elsif ($macro eq "enspace")      { return ($rest, " ");       }
        elsif ($macro eq "quad")         { return ($rest, " ");       }
        elsif ($macro eq "qquad")        { return ($rest, "  "); }
elsif ($macro eq "ss")           { return ($rest, "ß");      }
elsif ($macro eq "o")            { return ($rest, "ø");     }
elsif ($macro eq "O")            { return ($rest, "Ø");     }
        elsif ($macro =~ /^l?dots$/)     { return ($rest, "...");          }
        elsif ($macro =~ /^bs?f|stars$/) { return ($rest, "

");         }
        elsif ($macro eq "cr")           { return ($rest, "
");         }
# <li> in the next line would be invalid HTML
        elsif ($macro eq "fmark")        { return ($rest, " ");         }
        elsif ($macro eq "item")
          { ($rest, $itemarg, $first) = get_arg("$rest"); # $first = ""
            if ($listdepth == 2) {
                $listdepth = 1;
                if ($listtype eq "d") {
                    return ("$itemarg\\itmnd $rest", "\n\n

");
} else { #ignore bit in braces (ordered and unordered lists)
return ($rest, "\n\n

");
                }
            } else {
                if ($listtype eq "d") {
                    return ("$itemarg\\itmnd $rest", "

");
} else { #ignore bit in braces (ordered and unordered lists)
return ($rest, "

");
                }
            }
          }
        elsif ($macro eq "itemitem")
          { ($rest, $itemarg, $first) = get_arg("$rest"); # $first = ""
            $rest =~ /^(%(un|)ordered)? #defines $sublisttype
                       (\{([1aAiI])\})? #defines TYPE of ordered sublist
                       (\{(\d+)\})?     #defines START of ordered sublist
                       /x;
            if ($listdepth == 1) {
                $sublisttype = list_type($1, $2);
                $sublistentry = begin_list($sublisttype, $3, $4, $5, $6) . "\n";
                $listdepth = 2;
            } else {
                $sublistentry = "";
            }
            if ($sublisttype eq "d") {
                return ("$itemarg\\itmnd $rest", "$sublistentry

");
} else { #ignore bit in braces (ordered and unordered lists)
return ($rest, "$sublistentry

");
            }
          }
# pseudo ``itemend'' character
        elsif ($macro eq "itmnd")        { return ($rest, "

");         }
        elsif ($macro eq "cite" and $rest =~ /^\{\s*(\S+)\s*\}/)
          { return ($', "$1"); }
        elsif ($macro eq "URL" and $rest =~ /^\{([^\}]*)\}/)
          { return ($', "$1"); }
        elsif ($macro eq "Mailto" and $rest =~ /^\{([^\}]*)\}/)
          { return ($', "$1"); }
        else                             { return ($rest, $macro); }
    } elsif ($rest =~ /^-/) {
        return ($', ""); # hyphenation help -- ignore
    } elsif ($rest =~ /^</) {
        return ($', "<");
    } elsif ($rest =~ /^\&/) {
        return ($', "&");
    } else {
        $rest =~ /^./;
        return ($', $&);
    }
}

# Returns the type of a list

sub list_type {
    my ($type, $un) = @_;
    return ( !(defined $type) ) ? "d"          #descriptive
                                : ($un eq "un")
                                    ? "u"      #unordered
                                    : "o";     #ordered
}

# Returns a string for starting a list of the appropriate type

sub begin_list {
    my ($listtype, $otypedef, $otype, $ostartdef, $ostart) = @_;
    my $beginlist = "<${listtype}l";
    if      ($listtype eq "d") {
      $beginlist .= " compact";
    } elsif ($listtype eq "o") {
      if ( (defined $otypedef) && (defined $otype) ) {
        $beginlist .= " type=$otype";
        if ( (defined $ostartdef) && (defined $ostart) ) {
          $beginlist .= " start=$ostart";
        }
      }
    }
    $beginlist .= ">";
    return $beginlist;
}

#
# This could probably be done more cleverly -- this routine is too long
#

sub convert_text {
    my $fname = $_[0];
    my $refchars = '[\-\\w\\s`\',./:!()?$]'; # these make up cross references
    my $ref = "";
    my $endline = "";    # used for </code> at the end of line
    my $mode = "normal"; # $mode can be:
                         #  "normal"   : TeX macros need to be interpreted
                         #  "verbatim" : No interpretation done, except that
                         #               || is converted to |.
                         #  "html"     : No interpretation done, except that
                         #               initial % is removed.
                         #  "maths"    : A variant of "normal" where inside
                         #               $...$ or $$...$$ (TeX's math mode)
    my $ttenv = 0;  # $ttenv is set to 1 in \begintt .. \endtt "verbatim" mode
    my $nontex = 0; # $nontex is set to 1 in %display{nontex} and
                    #  %display{nontext} env'ts, for which $mode is "normal"
                    #  but initial % of each line is removed.
    my $skip_lines = 0; # $skip_lines is set non-zero in %display{tex},
                        #  %display{text}, %display{jpeg}, %display{nonhtml}
                        #  and \answer env'ts
    my ($bold,$tt,$it,$sub,$sup,$inlist,$inref,$donepar) = (0,0,0,0,0,0,0);
    my ($indexarg,$indexarg2,$zwei,$drei,$vier,$macro,$endmath,$endmathstring);

    #
    # Now we loop over lines. a line with 16 initial % signs marks
    # end of section
    #

  LINE: while (defined($_ = <IN>) and not /^\%{16,}/) {
      chomp;                    # drop the trailing newline
      my $rest = $_;            # rest of the line to scan
      my $outline = "";         # build the output in here

      # First we deal with various special whole lines.
      # \beginexample, \begintt, %display (this may end a $skip_lines)
      if ($mode eq "normal" and /^\\begin(example|tt)/) {
          if ($_ =~ /^\\begintt/) { # This is to catch a \begintt .. \endtt
              $ttenv = 1;           # environment enclosing \beginexample ..
          }                         # \endexample
          $mode = "verbatim";
          $skip_lines = 0;
          print "

\n";

          next LINE;

      } elsif ($mode eq "normal" and /^%display\{nontex(|t)\}/) {

   $nontex = 1;

          $skip_lines = 0;

          next LINE;

      } elsif ($mode eq "normal" and /^%display\{(text?|jpeg|nonhtml)\}/) {

         # Paragraphs to be skipped by HTML.

   $mode = "normal";

          $nontex = 0;

         $skip_lines = 2;

         next LINE;

      } elsif ($mode eq "normal" and /^%display\{html\}/) {

   $mode = "html";

          $skip_lines = 0;

      } elsif ($mode eq "html" and /^%display\{text\}/) {

   $mode = "normal";

          $nontex = 0;

          $skip_lines = 2;

          next LINE;

      } elsif (/^%enddisplay/ and !$ttenv) {

   if ($mode eq "verbatim") {

       print "

\n";
   }
   $mode = "normal";
          $nontex = 0;
   $skip_lines = 0;
   next LINE;
      } elsif ($mode eq "verbatim") {
   # \endexample, \endtt
   if (/^\\endtt/ or (/^\\endexample/ and !$ttenv)) {
       $mode = "normal";
              $ttenv = 0;
       print "\n";
       next LINE;
   }
   # |_
   if (/^\|_/) {
       next LINE;
   }
      } elsif ($mode eq "html") {
   if (/^%/) {
       print "$'\n";
   } else {
       print STDERR "Line $. ignored in \%display{html} mode, " .
             "because it didn't start with \%\n";
   }
   next LINE;
      } elsif ((!$nontex and /^%/) ||
               (!/\\(at|)index/ and /^([{}]|\s*\{?\\[a-zA-Z].*)%$/)) {
          # Ignore lines starting with a % except if in html or verbatim
          # modes (dealt with above) or if in nontex mode which we deal
          # with below.
          # Also ignore specific lines ending in a % (we have to be careful
          # here -- % also indicates a continuation). The lines we ignore are
          # those that match: "{%", "}%", "{\\X..%", "\\X..%" where X denotes
          # any letter and .. any sequence of chars. This is meant to exclude
          # lines like "{\obeylines ... %", "\begingroup ... %". If this proves
          # problematic the .tex files will need to use the %display{tex} env't
          # to exclude such lines.
          next LINE;

      # All that's left are whole lines that occur in "normal" mode
      } else {

          # Line skipping.
   if ($skip_lines) {
       if ($skip_lines == 1 and $_ =~ /^\s*$/) {
    $skip_lines = 0;
       }
       next LINE;
   }

          # Remove initial % if there is one when in %display{nontex} or
          # %display{nontext} environment
          if ($nontex) {
              s/^%//;
              $rest = $_;
          }
          # a '%' at end-of-line indicates a continuation
          $_ = gather($_, $nontex);

         # Paragraphs are ended by blank lines.
         if (/^\s*$/) {
       unless ($donepar) {
    $outline .=  "

\n";
    $donepar = 1;
       }

       # If we get to the end of a paragraph we assume that we have
       # lost track of what is going on, warn and try to resume.
       if ($mode eq "maths" or $inref) {
    print STDERR "Paragraph ended in $mode mode at $.\n" .
                 "reverting to normal\n";
    $outline .= "" if ($mode eq "maths");
    $mode = "normal";
       }

       print $outline;
             next LINE;
         }
          # Vertical skips.
         if (/^\\(med|big)skip/) {
             $outline .= "

";
             print "$outline\n";
             next LINE;
         }
         # Index entries --  emit an  anchor  and remember  the index
         # keys  for   later there may   be  several on  one line and
         # several references to one key
         if  (/^\\(at|)index/) {
              # $_ = gather($_, $nontex); # already done above
             while (/\\((at|)index(tt|))\{/g) {
                  ($rest, $indexarg) = (get_arg("{".$'))[0,1];
                  if ($1 eq "atindex") {
                    ($indexarg2) = (get_arg($rest))[1];
                    if ($indexarg2 =~ /^@/) {
                        $indexarg = $';
                        $indexarg =~ s/\\noexpand\s*`([^']*)'/$1/g;
                        $indexarg =~ s/\\noexpand\s*<([^>]*)>/$1/g;
                        $indexarg =~ s/\\noexpand//g;
                        $indexarg =~ s/\|.*//; # remove "|indexit" if present
                        # $indexarg might still have macros ...
                        # we should do something about these too
                    }
                  }
                  # Just the crudest form of macro removal - probably enough
                  $indexarg =~ s/\$.)/$1/g;
                  $indexarg =~ s/\$//g; #assume $s match in pairs!!
                  $bla = inxentry($fname,$indexarg,$sec);
          $outline .= $bla;
    print "$outline\n";
             }
             next LINE;
         }
         # \> and $  lines (joined with next line if ending in %)
   if (/^\\[>)]/) {
       # $_ = gather($_, $nontex); # already done above
              # if \> with ` or ( without a matching ' or ) gather lines
              if ( /^\\> *\`/ ) {        # line should have ended in a %
                  while ( !/\'/ ) { $_ = gather("$_%", $nontex); }
              } elsif ( /^\\>.*$/ ) {   # line should have ended in a %
                  while ( !/$/ ) { $_ = gather("$_%", $nontex); }
              }
       # get rid of @{...} or @`...' if present.
              if (/@/) {
                  # print STDERR "before:$_\n";
                  if (s/@\s*(\{[^{}]*\}|\`[^\']*\')\s*/ /) { # easy
                  } elsif (/@\s*/) {
                      # nested braces ... need to find matching brace
                      $_ = $`;
                      ($rest) = get_arg($');
                      $_ .= " $rest";
                      $rest ="";
                  }
                  # print STDERR "after:$_\n";
                  print STDERR "@ still present at $_" if (/@/);
              }
   }
          # if there is a comment in square brackets we extract it now
          # ... this way if this feature is undesirable we can easily get
          #     rid of it
          my $comment = "";
          # These cases [<something>] is not a comment:
          # \><anything>;   # [<arg>] here is treated as an optional arg
          # \>`<func-with-args>'{<func>![gdfile]} # possibility from
          #                                       # buildman.pe \Declaration
          if (/^\\>(.*;|`[^\']+\'\{[^}!]*!\[[^\]]*\]})/) {
              ;
          } elsif (/^\\>.*$/) {
              if (s/^(\\>[^(]*\([^)]*$[^\[]*)(\[[^\]]*\])/$1/) {
                  $comment = " $2";
              }
          } elsif (s/^(\\>[^\[]*)(\[[^\]]*\])/$1/) {
              $comment = " $2";
          }
          # \>`<variable>' V
   if (/^\\> *`([^\']+)\'\s*(\[[^\]]*\])?\s*V?\s*$/) {
             $endline = "";
             $outline .= subsec_name($fname,$1,$sec); # $1 = <variable>
              $outline .= "

" if $inlist;
$outline .= "

";

             $tt = 1;

             $rest = $1.$comment." V";

         }

          # \>`<non-func>'{<label>}[!<sub-entry>][ <capital>]

          # <capital> is usually one of A-Z (but any non-space will be matched)

   elsif (/^\\> *`([^\']+)\'\s*\{([^}]+)\}(!\{.*\})?\s*([^\s]+)?\s*$/) {

              # $1 = <non-func> $2 = <label> [$3 = !<sub-entry>][$4 = <capital>]

             $endline = "

";
              $drei = defined($3) ? $3 : "";
              $vier = defined($4) ? " $4" : "";
       # $2$drei = <label><sub-entry>
             $outline .= subsec_name($fname,"$2$drei",$sec);
#print STDERR "non-func:$1 - $2 - $drei - $vier |$2$drei|\n";
              $outline .= "

" if $inlist;
$outline .= "

";

             $tt = 1;

             $rest = $1.$comment.$vier;

         }

          # \><func>[(<args>)][!{<sub-entry>}][ <capital>]

          # <capital> is usually one of A-Z (but any non-space will be matched)

   elsif (/^\\> *([^(]+)(\([^)]*\))?(!\{.*\})?\s*([^\s]+)?\s*$/) {

              # $1 = <func> $2 = (<args>) [$3 = !<sub-entry>][$4 = <capital>]

             $endline = "

";
              $zwei = defined($2) ? $2 : "";
              $drei = defined($3) ? $3 : "";
              $vier = defined($4) ? " $4" : "";
             $outline .= subsec_name($fname,"$1$drei",$sec);
       # $1$drei = <func><sub-entry>
#print STDERR "func:$1 - $zwei - $drei - $vier |$1$drei|\n";
              $outline .= "

" if $inlist;
$outline .= "

";

             $tt = 1;

             $rest = $1.$zwei.$comment.$vier;



         }

   elsif (/^\\\>/) {

              die "Didn't find an appropriate \\> match for $_ ... syntax?";

         }

   elsif (/^\\\) *(.*)$/) {

             $endline = "

";
$outline .= "

" if $inlist;
if ($donepar) {
$outline .= ""

;

              } else {

                 $outline .= "
";

              }

             $tt = 1;

             $rest = $1;

          # Skip all other lines starting or ending in % or containing

          # `align'.

         } elsif ($mode ne "verbatim" and

           $_ =~ /^\s*%|%\s*$|\\[a-z]+align/) {

             next LINE;

          }

      }



      # Here  we have a "non-special" line  to  process We scan it for

      # special   characters and   deal  with  them individually $rest

      # contains the text  that we have yet  to look at We  accumulate

      # the output  in $outline, rather  than printing  it because a &

      # requires us to back up to start of line

      $donepar = 0;



      # The (rare) situation that we are processing a multi-line cross

      # reference is handled specially.

      if ($inref) {

          # if it finishes on this line emit the link

          # otherwise keep accumulating it

          if ($rest =~ /^$refchars+\"/o) {

             $rest = $';

             chop($ref .= $&);

             $ref1 = name2fn($ref,0);

       $ref2 = name2linktext($ref);

             $outline .= "$ref1\">$ref2";

             $inref = "0";

          } elsif ($rest =~ /^$refchars*$/o) {

             $ref .= "$rest ";

             next LINE;

          } else {

             die "Bad reference. So far $ref, now got $rest";

          }

      }



      # || really means | in verbatim mode

      $rest =~ s/\|\|/\|/g if ($mode eq "verbatim");



      # The main case, scan for special characters.

    SPECIAL: while ( $rest =~ /[\\{}\$<>`\'*\"&%~_^]/ ) {

        $outline .= $`;         # the part that we scanned past

        $rest = $';             # the remainder

        my $matched = $&;       # the character matched



        # In verbatim mode, everything is passed to HTML.

        if ($mode eq "verbatim") {

#            if ($matched ne "%") {

                $outline .= html_literal $matched;

#            }

            next SPECIAL;

        }



        # backslash

        if ($matched eq "\\") {

            # commands that begin a new output line

          NEWLINE: {

            if      ($rest =~ /^beginitems/ and not $inlist) {

                $outline .= "\n
";

                $inlist = 1;

            } elsif ($rest =~ /^enditems/ and $inlist) {

                $outline .= "
";

                $inlist = 0;

            } elsif ($rest =~ /^beginlist

                               (%(un|)ordered)? #defines $listtype

                               (\{([1aAiI])\})? #defines TYPE of ordered list

                               (\{(\d+)\})?     #defines START of ordered list

                               /x ) {

                $listtype = list_type($1, $2);

                $outline .= begin_list($listtype, $3, $4, $5, $6);

                $listdepth = 1;

            } elsif ($rest =~ /^endlist/) {

                $outline .= ("") x $listdepth;

                $listdepth = 0;

            } elsif ($rest =~ /^answer/) {

                $outline = "";

                $skip_lines = 1;

            } else {

                last NEWLINE;

            }

            print "$outline\n";

            next LINE;

          }

            # commands that are replaced by HTML text

          REPLACE: {

            ($rest, $macro) = macro_replace($rest);

            $outline .= $macro;

            next SPECIAL;

          }

            # Try to get nice spacing around certain maths constructs that

            # are used a lot.

            if ($mode eq "maths") {

              MATHREPLACE: {

                if    ($rest =~/^($TeXbinops)$EndTeXMacro/o) {

                       $outline .= " $1 "; }

                elsif ($rest =~/^backslash$EndTeXMacro/o) {

                       $outline .= " \\ "; }

                elsif ($rest =~/^split$EndTeXMacro/o) {

                       $outline .= ":"; }

                elsif ($rest =~/^langle$EndTeXMacro/o) {

                       $outline .= " <"; }

                elsif ($rest =~ /^rangle$EndTeXMacro/o) {

                       $outline .= "> "; }

                else  { last MATHREPLACE; }

                $rest = $';

                next SPECIAL;

              }

            }

            # Take the next character literally.

            if ($rest ne "")  {

                $outline .= html_literal substr($rest,0,1);

                $rest = substr($rest,1);

            }

            next SPECIAL;

        }



        # Subscripts and superscripts in math mode.

        if ($mode eq "maths" and !$sub and !$sup) {

          SUBSUPER: {

            if    ($matched eq "_" and $rest =~ /^\{/) {

                   $outline .= "_";

                   $sub = 1; if ($tt) { $tt++; } }

            elsif ($matched eq "^" and $rest =~ /^\{/) {

                   $outline .= "^";

                   $sup = 1; if ($tt) { $tt++; } }

            elsif ($matched eq "_" and $rest =~ /^[^\\]/) {

                   $outline .= "_$&"; }

            elsif ($matched eq "^" and $rest =~ /^[^\\]/) {

                   $outline .= "^$&"; }

            else  { last SUBSUPER; }

            $rest = $';

            next SPECIAL;

          }

        }

        if ($matched =~ /[_^]/) {

            $outline .= $matched;

            next SPECIAL;

        }



        # Braces are ignored, but must must be balanced inside `...'.

        if ($matched eq "{") {

            if    ($tt)  { $tt++; }

     if    ($sub) { $sub++; }

     elsif ($sup) { $sup++; }

            next SPECIAL;

        }

        if ($matched eq "}") {

            if ($tt == 1) {

                # print STDERR "o:$outline,m:$matched,r:$rest\n";

  die "Unbalanced braces in `...' ($outline$matched$rest)";

     }

            if ($tt) { $tt--; }

            if ($sub and !--$sub) { $outline .= ""; }

     if ($sup and !--$sup) { $outline .= ""; }

            next SPECIAL;

        }



        # A tilde is a non-break space.

        if ($matched eq "~") {

            $outline .= " ";

            next SPECIAL;

        }



        # $ toggles maths mode.

        if ($matched eq "\$") {

          if ($rest =~ /^\$/) {

            $rest = $';

            $endmath = "[\$][\$]";

            $endmathstring = "\$\$";

          } else {

            $endmath = "[\$]";

            $endmathstring = "\$";

          }

          if ($opt_t) {

     if ($mode eq "normal") {

       $tth= "";

       $mode = "tth";



       while ($mode eq "tth") {

  if ( $rest =~ /$endmath/ ) {

    $tth .= $`; # the part scanned past

    $rest = $';



    # make a math mode string

    $tth = "$endmathstring$tth$endmathstring";



    # pass $tth to tth to convert to HTML

                  # and append the result

    $outline .= tth_math_replace($tth);

    $mode = "normal";

  }

  else {

    # we are in tth mode but the line has no terminating

                  # $ or $$: continue into next line

                  if ($rest =~ s/%$//) { # Mirror TeX behaviour when

                      $tth .= $rest;     # line ends in a % ...

                      $rest = <IN>;      # swallow whitespace at

                      $rest =~ s/^\s*//; # beginning of next line

                  } else {

        $tth .= $rest." ";

        $rest = <IN>;

                  }

    chomp($rest);

  }

              }



       next SPECIAL;

     } else {

       die "math mode messup";

     }

   } else {

            $outline .= "" if ($endmathstring eq "\$\$");

            if ($mode eq "maths") {

  if    ($sub) { die "Math mode ended during subscript ".

       "($outline$matched$rest)"; }

  elsif ($sup) { die "Math mode ended during superscript ".

       "($outline$matched$rest)"; }

                $mode = "normal";

                $outline .= "";

                if ($tt) { $outline .= ""; }

                next SPECIAL;

            }

            $mode = "maths";

            if ($tt) { $outline .= ""; }

            $outline .= "";

            next SPECIAL;

   }

        }



        # < > open and close italics.

        if ($matched eq "<") {

            if (not $it) {

                if ($tt) { $outline .= ""; }

                $outline .= "";

                $it = 1;

            } else {

                $outline .= "<";

            }

            next SPECIAL;

        }

        if ($matched eq ">") {

            if ($it) {

                $outline .= "";

                if ($tt) { $outline .= ""; }

                $it = 0;

            } else {

                $outline .= ">";

            }

            next SPECIAL;

        }



        # * in normal mode toggles bold-face.

        if ($matched eq "*") {

            if ($mode eq "normal" and not $tt) {

                if ($bold) {

                    $outline .= "";

                    $bold = 0;

                } else {

                    $outline .= "";

                    $bold = 1;

                }

            } else {

                $outline .= "*";

            }

            next SPECIAL;

        }



        # ` and ' in normal mode control typewriter.

        if ($matched eq "`") {

            if ($tt) {

                $outline .= "`";

            } elsif ( $rest =~ /^`/ ) {

                $rest = $';

                $outline .= "``";

            } else {

                $tt = 1;

                $outline .= "";

            }

            next SPECIAL;

        }

        if ($matched eq "\'") {

            if ($tt == 1) {

                $outline .= "";

                $tt = 0;

            } else {

                $outline .= "\'";

            }

            next SPECIAL;

        }



        # & signals a definition. We go back to start  of line for the

        # tag, and on  to end  of para for  the definition.  We do not

        # merge adjacent definitions into the same list.

        if ($matched eq "&") {

            if ($inlist) {

                $outline = "

$outline

"; # Sometimes we get an extra

            }                                  # <dt> we don't need ...

            next SPECIAL;                      # but it has no effect :)

        }



        # " starts a  cross-reference.  If it ends  on the  same input

        # line then  we can deal  with  it  at once  otherwise we  set

        # $inref.

        if ($matched eq "\"") {

            if ($tt) {

                $outline .= "\"";

                next SPECIAL;

            }

            if ($rest =~ /^$refchars+\"/o) {

                $rest = $';

                chop($ref = $&);

                $ref1 = name2fn($ref,0);

                $ref2 = name2linktext($ref,0);

                $outline .= "$ref1\">$ref2";

                next SPECIAL;

            }

            if ($rest =~ /^$refchars*$/o) {

                $ref = "$rest ";

                $inref = 1;

                print $outline;

                next LINE;

            }

            die "Bad reference $rest at $_";

        }



        # Ignore from % to end of line, on-line browser does not do this.

        if ($matched eq "%") {

            print $outline."\n";

            next LINE;

        }



    }                           # SPECIAL

    print $outline.$rest.$endline."\n";

    if ($endline =~ /<\/code>/) {

        $tt = 0;

    }

    $endline ="";

  }      # LINE

}





sub metaquote {

    my $name = quotemeta $_[0];

    $name =~ s/\\ /\\s+/g;

    return $name;

}



sub startfile {

    my $sec = $_[0];

    my ($num, $name, $re, $fname, $name1, $name2);

    if ($sec->{secnum} == 0) {

        $sec->{chapnum} = $chap->{number};

        $num = $chap->{number};

        $name = $chap->{name};

        $name1 = metaquote $name;

        $re = "^\\\\(Chapter|PreliminaryChapter)\\{$name1\\}";

    } else {

        $num = $sec->{chapnum} . "." .$sec->{secnum};

        $name = $sec->{name};

        $name1 = metaquote $name;

        $re = "^\\\\Section\\{$name1\\}";

    }

    $name2 = kanonize $name;

    $fname = htm_fname($opt_c,

                       $sec->{chapnum}, $sec->{secnum}, $sec->{ssecnum}, "");



    open ( OUT, ">${odir}${fname}" ) || die "Can't write to ${odir}${fname}";

    select OUT;



    print  "[$book] $num $name2\n";

    print  "\#000000\" bgcolor=\"\#ffffff\">\n";

    add_to_index($fname, $name, $sec);

    navigation( ($opt_c) ? $chap->{sections}[0] : $sec );

    print "$num $name2
\n";



    return ($fname, $re);

}



sub startsec {

    my $sec = $_[0];

    my $snum = $sec->{secnum};

    my $name = $sec->{name};

    add_to_index(htm_fname($opt_c, $sec->{chapnum}, $snum, 0, ""), $name, $sec);

    my $num = $sec->{chapnum} . "." .$snum;

    $snum = "0" x (3 - length $snum) . $snum;

    my $name1 = metaquote $name;

    my $name2 = kanonize $name;

    print "
SECT$snum\">$num $name2
\n";

    return "^\\\\Section\\{$name1\\}";

}



sub sectionlist {

    my $chap = $_[0];

    my $sec;

    print  "
\n
Sections
\n\n";

  SUBSEC: for $sec (@{$chap->{sections}}) {

      next SUBSEC if ($sec->{secnum} == 0);

      my $link = htm_fname($opt_c, $sec->{chapnum}, $sec->{secnum}, 0, "");

      my $name2 = kanonize $sec->{name};

      print  " $link\">$name2\n";

    }

    print  "
\n";

}



#

# Basically the chapter file is read in one pass, using information previously

# read from the .toc file to fill in next and previous pointers and the like

#



sub navigation {

    my $sec = $_[0];

    my $chap = $sec->{chapter};

    my $cfname = htm_fname($opt_c, $sec->{chapnum}, 0, 0, "");

    if ($mainman == 1) {

      print  "[../index.htm\">Top] "

    } else {

        if ($opt_f) {

            print  "[$opt_f\">Top] "

        }

    };

    if ($sec->{secnum} == 0) {

        print  "[chapters.htm\">Up] ";

        if (tonum($chap->{number}) != 1) {

            my $prev = htm_fname($opt_c,

                                 $chapters[tonum($chap->{number}) - 1]{number},

                                 0, 0, "");

            print  "[$prev\">Previous] ";

        }

        if (tonum($chap->{number}) != $#chapters) {

            my $next = htm_fname($opt_c,

                                 $chapters[tonum($chap->{number}) + 1]{number},

                                 0, 0, "");

            print  "[$next\">Next] ";

        }

    } else {

        print  "[$cfname\">Up] ";

        if ($sec->{secnum} != 1) {

            my $prev = htm_fname($opt_c, $chap->{number}, $sec->{secnum} - 1,

                                 0, "");

            print  "[$prev\">Previous] ";

        }

        if ($sec->{secnum} != $#{$chap->{sections}}) {

            my $next = htm_fname($opt_c, $chap->{number}, $sec->{secnum} + 1,

                                 0, "");

            print  "[$next\">Next] ";

        } elsif (tonum($chap->{number}) != $#chapters) {

            my $next = htm_fname($opt_c,

                                 $chapters[tonum($chap->{number}) + 1]{number},

                                 0, 0, "");

            print  "[$next\">Next] ";

        }

    }

    print  "[theindex.htm\">Index]\n";

}





sub convert_chap {

    my ($chap) = @_;

    my ($re, $startre, $fname, $secline);

    $indexcount = 0;

    open (IN, "<$dir$chap->{file}.tex")

        || die "Can't read $dir$chap->{file}.tex";

    $_ = <IN>;



    # loop, controlled by the list of sections that we expect

    # will fail, possibly messily if this does not match reality



    # The call to startfile produces navigation + a chapter heading

    if ($opt_c) {               # each chapter in a single file

        ($fname,$re) = startfile $chap->{sections}[0];

    }



  # note we *need* $sec to act globally in what follows!

  SECT: for $sec (@{$chap->{sections}}) {



      # sort out what we are processing (chapter or section)

      # produce the header of the Web page



      if ($opt_c) {

          $re = startsec $sec unless ($sec->{secnum} == 0);

      } else {

          # The call to startfile produces navigation + a section heading

          ($fname, $re) = startfile $sec;

#         print STDERR "fname: $fname, re: $re\n";

      }

      ($startre = $re) =~ s/(^[^\{]*\{).*/$1/;



      #

      # Look for the \Chapter or \Section line

      #



      while ( !/$startre/ ) {

          unless (defined($_ = <IN>)) {

              die "Missing chapter or section line matching $startre" };

      };



      chomp;

      $secline = $_;

      while ( $secline !~ /\}/ ) {

          unless (defined($_ = <IN>)) {

              die "Missing chapter or section line matching $re" };

          chomp;

          s/\%.*//;

          $secline .= " $_";

      };



      unless ($secline =~ /$re/) {

          die "Missing chapter or section line matching $re"

      };



      # If this is the beginning of a chapter, we list its sections

      if ($sec->{secnum} == 0) {

          if (defined($chap->{sections}[1])) {

              sectionlist $chap;

          }

      }



      # Now we print the section body

      convert_text($fname);

      print "
\n";



      # If it's one file per section ... add navigation etc. at end of file

      unless ($opt_c) {

          navigation $sec;

          print $footer;

          close OUT;

          select STDOUT;

      }

    }



    # If it's one file per chapter ... add navigation etc. at end of file

    if ($opt_c) {

--> --------------------



--> maximum size reached



--> --------------------

quality94% 


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Beweissystem der NASA

Beweissystem Isabelle

NIST Cobol Testsuite

Cephes Mathematical Library

Wiener Entwicklungsmethode

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Die Informationen auf dieser Webseite wurden nach bestem Wissen sorgfältig zusammengestellt. Es wird jedoch weder Vollständigkeit, noch Richtigkeit, noch Qualität der bereit gestellten Informationen zugesichert.

Bemerkung:

Die farbliche Syntaxdarstellung ist noch experimentell.

Impressum convert.pl Sprache: Shell

$num $name2

SECT$snum\">$num $name2

Sections

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