Quelle  client.py   Sprache: Python

"""HTTP Client for asyncio."""

import asyncio
import base64
import hashlib
import json
import os
import sys
import traceback
import warnings
from contextlib import suppress
from types import TracebackType
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Any,
    Awaitable,
    Callable,
    Coroutine,
    Final,
    FrozenSet,
    Generator,
    Generic,
    Iterable,
    List,
    Mapping,
    Optional,
    Set,
    Tuple,
    Type,
    TypedDict,
    TypeVar,
    Union,
)

import attr
from multidict import CIMultiDict, MultiDict, MultiDictProxy, istr
from yarl import URL

from . import hdrs, http, payload
from .abc import AbstractCookieJar
from .client_exceptions import (
    ClientConnectionError,
    ClientConnectionResetError,
    ClientConnectorCertificateError,
    ClientConnectorDNSError,
    ClientConnectorError,
    ClientConnectorSSLError,
    ClientError,
    ClientHttpProxyError,
    ClientOSError,
    ClientPayloadError,
    ClientProxyConnectionError,
    ClientResponseError,
    ClientSSLError,
    ConnectionTimeoutError,
    ContentTypeError,
    InvalidURL,
    InvalidUrlClientError,
    InvalidUrlRedirectClientError,
    NonHttpUrlClientError,
    NonHttpUrlRedirectClientError,
    RedirectClientError,
    ServerConnectionError,
    ServerDisconnectedError,
    ServerFingerprintMismatch,
    ServerTimeoutError,
    SocketTimeoutError,
    TooManyRedirects,
    WSServerHandshakeError,
)
from .client_reqrep import (
    ClientRequest as ClientRequest,
    ClientResponse as ClientResponse,
    Fingerprint as Fingerprint,
    RequestInfo as RequestInfo,
    _merge_ssl_params,
)
from .client_ws import ClientWebSocketResponse as ClientWebSocketResponse
from .connector import (
    HTTP_AND_EMPTY_SCHEMA_SET,
    BaseConnector as BaseConnector,
    NamedPipeConnector as NamedPipeConnector,
    TCPConnector as TCPConnector,
    UnixConnector as UnixConnector,
)
from .cookiejar import CookieJar
from .helpers import (
    _SENTINEL,
    DEBUG,
    BasicAuth,
    TimeoutHandle,
    get_env_proxy_for_url,
    method_must_be_empty_body,
    sentinel,
    strip_auth_from_url,
)
from .http import WS_KEY, HttpVersion, WebSocketReader, WebSocketWriter
from .http_websocket import WSHandshakeError, WSMessage, ws_ext_gen, ws_ext_parse
from .streams import FlowControlDataQueue
from .tracing import Trace, TraceConfig
from .typedefs import JSONEncoder, LooseCookies, LooseHeaders, Query, StrOrURL

__all__ = (
    # client_exceptions
    "ClientConnectionError",
    "ClientConnectionResetError",
    "ClientConnectorCertificateError",
    "ClientConnectorDNSError",
    "ClientConnectorError",
    "ClientConnectorSSLError",
    "ClientError",
    "ClientHttpProxyError",
    "ClientOSError",
    "ClientPayloadError",
    "ClientProxyConnectionError",
    "ClientResponseError",
    "ClientSSLError",
    "ConnectionTimeoutError",
    "ContentTypeError",
    "InvalidURL",
    "InvalidUrlClientError",
    "RedirectClientError",
    "NonHttpUrlClientError",
    "InvalidUrlRedirectClientError",
    "NonHttpUrlRedirectClientError",
    "ServerConnectionError",
    "ServerDisconnectedError",
    "ServerFingerprintMismatch",
    "ServerTimeoutError",
    "SocketTimeoutError",
    "TooManyRedirects",
    "WSServerHandshakeError",
    # client_reqrep
    "ClientRequest",
    "ClientResponse",
    "Fingerprint",
    "RequestInfo",
    # connector
    "BaseConnector",
    "TCPConnector",
    "UnixConnector",
    "NamedPipeConnector",
    # client_ws
    "ClientWebSocketResponse",
    # client
    "ClientSession",
    "ClientTimeout",
    "request",
)


if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from ssl import SSLContext
else:
    SSLContext = None

if sys.version_info >= (3, 11) and TYPE_CHECKING:
    from typing import Unpack


class _RequestOptions(TypedDict, total=False):
    params: Query
    data: Any
    json: Any
    cookies: Union[LooseCookies, None]
    headers: Union[LooseHeaders, None]
    skip_auto_headers: Union[Iterable[str], None]
    auth: Union[BasicAuth, None]
    allow_redirects: bool
    max_redirects: int
    compress: Union[str, bool, None]
    chunked: Union[bool, None]
    expect100: bool
    raise_for_status: Union[None, bool, Callable[[ClientResponse], Awaitable[None]]]
    read_until_eof: bool
    proxy: Union[StrOrURL, None]
    proxy_auth: Union[BasicAuth, None]
    timeout: "Union[ClientTimeout, _SENTINEL, None]"
    ssl: Union[SSLContext, bool, Fingerprint]
    server_hostname: Union[str, None]
    proxy_headers: Union[LooseHeaders, None]
    trace_request_ctx: Union[Mapping[str, Any], None]
    read_bufsize: Union[int, None]
    auto_decompress: Union[bool, None]
    max_line_size: Union[int, None]
    max_field_size: Union[int, None]


@attr.s(auto_attribs=True, frozen=True, slots=True)
class ClientTimeout:
    total: Optional[float] = None
    connect: Optional[float] = None
    sock_read: Optional[float] = None
    sock_connect: Optional[float] = None
    ceil_threshold: float = 5

    # pool_queue_timeout: Optional[float] = None
    # dns_resolution_timeout: Optional[float] = None
    # socket_connect_timeout: Optional[float] = None
    # connection_acquiring_timeout: Optional[float] = None
    # new_connection_timeout: Optional[float] = None
    # http_header_timeout: Optional[float] = None
    # response_body_timeout: Optional[float] = None

    # to create a timeout specific for a single request, either
    # - create a completely new one to overwrite the default
    # - or use http://www.attrs.org/en/stable/api.html#attr.evolve
    # to overwrite the defaults


# 5 Minute default read timeout
DEFAULT_TIMEOUT: Final[ClientTimeout] = ClientTimeout(total=5 * 60, sock_connect=30)

# https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9110#section-9.2.2
IDEMPOTENT_METHODS = frozenset({"GET", "HEAD", "OPTIONS", "TRACE", "PUT", "DELETE"})

_RetType = TypeVar("_RetType", ClientResponse, ClientWebSocketResponse)
_CharsetResolver = Callable[[ClientResponse, bytes], str]


class ClientSession:
    """First-class interface for making HTTP requests."""

    ATTRS = frozenset(
        [
            "_base_url",
            "_source_traceback",
            "_connector",
            "requote_redirect_url",
            "_loop",
            "_cookie_jar",
            "_connector_owner",
            "_default_auth",
            "_version",
            "_json_serialize",
            "_requote_redirect_url",
            "_timeout",
            "_raise_for_status",
            "_auto_decompress",
            "_trust_env",
            "_default_headers",
            "_skip_auto_headers",
            "_request_class",
            "_response_class",
            "_ws_response_class",
            "_trace_configs",
            "_read_bufsize",
            "_max_line_size",
            "_max_field_size",
            "_resolve_charset",
        ]
    )

    _source_traceback: Optional[traceback.StackSummary] = None
    _connector: Optional[BaseConnector] = None

    def __init__(
        self,
        base_url: Optional[StrOrURL] = None,
        *,
        connector: Optional[BaseConnector] = None,
        loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = None,
        cookies: Optional[LooseCookies] = None,
        headers: Optional[LooseHeaders] = None,
        skip_auto_headers: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
        auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
        json_serialize: JSONEncoder = json.dumps,
        request_class: Type[ClientRequest] = ClientRequest,
        response_class: Type[ClientResponse] = ClientResponse,
        ws_response_class: Type[ClientWebSocketResponse] = ClientWebSocketResponse,
        version: HttpVersion = http.HttpVersion11,
        cookie_jar: Optional[AbstractCookieJar] = None,
        connector_owner: bool = True,
        raise_for_status: Union[
            bool, Callable[[ClientResponse], Awaitable[None]]
        ] = False,
        read_timeout: Union[float, _SENTINEL] = sentinel,
        conn_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
        timeout: Union[object, ClientTimeout] = sentinel,
        auto_decompress: bool = True,
        trust_env: bool = False,
        requote_redirect_url: bool = True,
        trace_configs: Optional[List[TraceConfig]] = None,
        read_bufsize: int = 2**16,
        max_line_size: int = 8190,
        max_field_size: int = 8190,
        fallback_charset_resolver: _CharsetResolver = lambda r, b: "utf-8",
    ) -> None:
        # We initialise _connector to None immediately, as it's referenced in __del__()
        # and could cause issues if an exception occurs during initialisation.
        self._connector: Optional[BaseConnector] = None

        if loop is None:
            if connector is not None:
                loop = connector._loop

        loop = loop or asyncio.get_running_loop()

        if base_url is None or isinstance(base_url, URL):
            self._base_url: Optional[URL] = base_url
        else:
            self._base_url = URL(base_url)
            assert (
                self._base_url.origin() == self._base_url
            ), "Only absolute URLs without path part are supported"

        if timeout is sentinel or timeout is None:
            self._timeout = DEFAULT_TIMEOUT
            if read_timeout is not sentinel:
                warnings.warn(
                    "read_timeout is deprecated, " "use timeout argument instead",
                    DeprecationWarning,
                    stacklevel=2,
                )
                self._timeout = attr.evolve(self._timeout, total=read_timeout)
            if conn_timeout is not None:
                self._timeout = attr.evolve(self._timeout, connect=conn_timeout)
                warnings.warn(
                    "conn_timeout is deprecated, " "use timeout argument instead",
                    DeprecationWarning,
                    stacklevel=2,
                )
        else:
            if not isinstance(timeout, ClientTimeout):
                raise ValueError(
                    f"timeout parameter cannot be of {type(timeout)} type, "
                    "please use 'timeout=ClientTimeout(...)'",
                )
            self._timeout = timeout
            if read_timeout is not sentinel:
                raise ValueError(
                    "read_timeout and timeout parameters "
                    "conflict, please setup "
                    "timeout.read"
                )
            if conn_timeout is not None:
                raise ValueError(
                    "conn_timeout and timeout parameters "
                    "conflict, please setup "
                    "timeout.connect"
                )

        if connector is None:
            connector = TCPConnector(loop=loop)

        if connector._loop is not loop:
            raise RuntimeError("Session and connector has to use same event loop")

        self._loop = loop

        if loop.get_debug():
            self._source_traceback = traceback.extract_stack(sys._getframe(1))

        if cookie_jar is None:
            cookie_jar = CookieJar(loop=loop)
        self._cookie_jar = cookie_jar

        if cookies:
            self._cookie_jar.update_cookies(cookies)

        self._connector = connector
        self._connector_owner = connector_owner
        self._default_auth = auth
        self._version = version
        self._json_serialize = json_serialize
        self._raise_for_status = raise_for_status
        self._auto_decompress = auto_decompress
        self._trust_env = trust_env
        self._requote_redirect_url = requote_redirect_url
        self._read_bufsize = read_bufsize
        self._max_line_size = max_line_size
        self._max_field_size = max_field_size

        # Convert to list of tuples
        if headers:
            real_headers: CIMultiDict[str] = CIMultiDict(headers)
        else:
            real_headers = CIMultiDict()
        self._default_headers: CIMultiDict[str] = real_headers
        if skip_auto_headers is not None:
            self._skip_auto_headers = frozenset(istr(i) for i in skip_auto_headers)
        else:
            self._skip_auto_headers = frozenset()

        self._request_class = request_class
        self._response_class = response_class
        self._ws_response_class = ws_response_class

        self._trace_configs = trace_configs or []
        for trace_config in self._trace_configs:
            trace_config.freeze()

        self._resolve_charset = fallback_charset_resolver

    def __init_subclass__(cls: Type["ClientSession"]) -> None:
        warnings.warn(
            "Inheritance class {} from ClientSession "
            "is discouraged".format(cls.__name__),
            DeprecationWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )

    if DEBUG:

        def __setattr__(self, name: str, val: Any) -> None:
            if name not in self.ATTRS:
                warnings.warn(
                    "Setting custom ClientSession.{} attribute "
                    "is discouraged".format(name),
                    DeprecationWarning,
                    stacklevel=2,
                )
            super().__setattr__(name, val)

    def __del__(self, _warnings: Any = warnings) -> None:
        if not self.closed:
            kwargs = {"source": self}
            _warnings.warn(
                f"Unclosed client session {self!r}", ResourceWarning, **kwargs
            )
            context = {"client_session": self, "message": "Unclosed client session"}
            if self._source_traceback is not None:
                context["source_traceback"] = self._source_traceback
            self._loop.call_exception_handler(context)

    if sys.version_info >= (3, 11) and TYPE_CHECKING:

        def request(
            self,
            method: str,
            url: StrOrURL,
            **kwargs: Unpack[_RequestOptions],
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager": ...

    else:

        def request(
            self, method: str, url: StrOrURL, **kwargs: Any
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager":
            """Perform HTTP request."""
            return _RequestContextManager(self._request(method, url, **kwargs))

    def _build_url(self, str_or_url: StrOrURL) -> URL:
        url = URL(str_or_url)
        if self._base_url is None:
            return url
        else:
            assert not url.absolute and url.path.startswith("/")
            return self._base_url.join(url)

    async def _request(
        self,
        method: str,
        str_or_url: StrOrURL,
        *,
        params: Query = None,
        data: Any = None,
        json: Any = None,
        cookies: Optional[LooseCookies] = None,
        headers: Optional[LooseHeaders] = None,
        skip_auto_headers: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
        auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
        allow_redirects: bool = True,
        max_redirects: int = 10,
        compress: Union[str, bool, None] = None,
        chunked: Optional[bool] = None,
        expect100: bool = False,
        raise_for_status: Union[
            None, bool, Callable[[ClientResponse], Awaitable[None]]
        ] = None,
        read_until_eof: bool = True,
        proxy: Optional[StrOrURL] = None,
        proxy_auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
        timeout: Union[ClientTimeout, _SENTINEL] = sentinel,
        verify_ssl: Optional[bool] = None,
        fingerprint: Optional[bytes] = None,
        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext] = None,
        ssl: Union[SSLContext, bool, Fingerprint] = True,
        server_hostname: Optional[str] = None,
        proxy_headers: Optional[LooseHeaders] = None,
        trace_request_ctx: Optional[Mapping[str, Any]] = None,
        read_bufsize: Optional[int] = None,
        auto_decompress: Optional[bool] = None,
        max_line_size: Optional[int] = None,
        max_field_size: Optional[int] = None,
    ) -> ClientResponse:

        # NOTE: timeout clamps existing connect and read timeouts.  We cannot
        # set the default to None because we need to detect if the user wants
        # to use the existing timeouts by setting timeout to None.

        if self.closed:
            raise RuntimeError("Session is closed")

        ssl = _merge_ssl_params(ssl, verify_ssl, ssl_context, fingerprint)

        if data is not None and json is not None:
            raise ValueError(
                "data and json parameters can not be used at the same time"
            )
        elif json is not None:
            data = payload.JsonPayload(json, dumps=self._json_serialize)

        if not isinstance(chunked, bool) and chunked is not None:
            warnings.warn("Chunk size is deprecated #1615", DeprecationWarning)

        redirects = 0
        history: List[ClientResponse] = []
        version = self._version
        params = params or {}

        # Merge with default headers and transform to CIMultiDict
        headers = self._prepare_headers(headers)

        try:
            url = self._build_url(str_or_url)
        except ValueError as e:
            raise InvalidUrlClientError(str_or_url) from e

        assert self._connector is not None
        if url.scheme not in self._connector.allowed_protocol_schema_set:
            raise NonHttpUrlClientError(url)

        skip_headers = set(self._skip_auto_headers)
        if skip_auto_headers is not None:
            for i in skip_auto_headers:
                skip_headers.add(istr(i))

        if proxy is None:
            proxy_headers = None
        else:
            proxy_headers = self._prepare_headers(proxy_headers)
            try:
                proxy = URL(proxy)
            except ValueError as e:
                raise InvalidURL(proxy) from e

        if timeout is sentinel:
            real_timeout: ClientTimeout = self._timeout
        else:
            if not isinstance(timeout, ClientTimeout):
                real_timeout = ClientTimeout(total=timeout)
            else:
                real_timeout = timeout
        # timeout is cumulative for all request operations
        # (request, redirects, responses, data consuming)
        tm = TimeoutHandle(
            self._loop, real_timeout.total, ceil_threshold=real_timeout.ceil_threshold
        )
        handle = tm.start()

        if read_bufsize is None:
            read_bufsize = self._read_bufsize

        if auto_decompress is None:
            auto_decompress = self._auto_decompress

        if max_line_size is None:
            max_line_size = self._max_line_size

        if max_field_size is None:
            max_field_size = self._max_field_size

        traces = [
            Trace(
                self,
                trace_config,
                trace_config.trace_config_ctx(trace_request_ctx=trace_request_ctx),
            )
            for trace_config in self._trace_configs
        ]

        for trace in traces:
            await trace.send_request_start(method, url.update_query(params), headers)

        timer = tm.timer()
        try:
            with timer:
                # https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc9112.html#name-retrying-requests
                retry_persistent_connection = method in IDEMPOTENT_METHODS
                while True:
                    url, auth_from_url = strip_auth_from_url(url)
                    if not url.raw_host:
                        # NOTE: Bail early, otherwise, causes `InvalidURL` through
                        # NOTE: `self._request_class()` below.
                        err_exc_cls = (
                            InvalidUrlRedirectClientError
                            if redirects
                            else InvalidUrlClientError
                        )
                        raise err_exc_cls(url)
                    # If `auth` was passed for an already authenticated URL,
                    # disallow only if this is the initial URL; this is to avoid issues
                    # with sketchy redirects that are not the caller's responsibility
                    if not history and (auth and auth_from_url):
                        raise ValueError(
                            "Cannot combine AUTH argument with "
                            "credentials encoded in URL"
                        )

                    # Override the auth with the one from the URL only if we
                    # have no auth, or if we got an auth from a redirect URL
                    if auth is None or (history and auth_from_url is not None):
                        auth = auth_from_url
                    if auth is None:
                        auth = self._default_auth
                    # It would be confusing if we support explicit
                    # Authorization header with auth argument
                    if (
                        headers is not None
                        and auth is not None
                        and hdrs.AUTHORIZATION in headers
                    ):
                        raise ValueError(
                            "Cannot combine AUTHORIZATION header "
                            "with AUTH argument or credentials "
                            "encoded in URL"
                        )

                    all_cookies = self._cookie_jar.filter_cookies(url)

                    if cookies is not None:
                        tmp_cookie_jar = CookieJar()
                        tmp_cookie_jar.update_cookies(cookies)
                        req_cookies = tmp_cookie_jar.filter_cookies(url)
                        if req_cookies:
                            all_cookies.load(req_cookies)

                    if proxy is not None:
                        proxy = URL(proxy)
                    elif self._trust_env:
                        with suppress(LookupError):
                            proxy, proxy_auth = get_env_proxy_for_url(url)

                    req = self._request_class(
                        method,
                        url,
                        params=params,
                        headers=headers,
                        skip_auto_headers=skip_headers if skip_headers else None,
                        data=data,
                        cookies=all_cookies,
                        auth=auth,
                        version=version,
                        compress=compress,
                        chunked=chunked,
                        expect100=expect100,
                        loop=self._loop,
                        response_class=self._response_class,
                        proxy=proxy,
                        proxy_auth=proxy_auth,
                        timer=timer,
                        session=self,
                        ssl=ssl if ssl is not None else True,
                        server_hostname=server_hostname,
                        proxy_headers=proxy_headers,
                        traces=traces,
                        trust_env=self.trust_env,
                    )

                    # connection timeout
                    try:
                        conn = await self._connector.connect(
                            req, traces=traces, timeout=real_timeout
                        )
                    except asyncio.TimeoutError as exc:
                        raise ConnectionTimeoutError(
                            f"Connection timeout to host {url}"
                        ) from exc

                    assert conn.transport is not None

                    assert conn.protocol is not None
                    conn.protocol.set_response_params(
                        timer=timer,
                        skip_payload=method_must_be_empty_body(method),
                        read_until_eof=read_until_eof,
                        auto_decompress=auto_decompress,
                        read_timeout=real_timeout.sock_read,
                        read_bufsize=read_bufsize,
                        timeout_ceil_threshold=self._connector._timeout_ceil_threshold,
                        max_line_size=max_line_size,
                        max_field_size=max_field_size,
                    )

                    try:
                        try:
                            resp = await req.send(conn)
                            try:
                                await resp.start(conn)
                            except BaseException:
                                resp.close()
                                raise
                        except BaseException:
                            conn.close()
                            raise
                    except (ClientOSError, ServerDisconnectedError):
                        if retry_persistent_connection:
                            retry_persistent_connection = False
                            continue
                        raise
                    except ClientError:
                        raise
                    except OSError as exc:
                        if exc.errno is None and isinstance(exc, asyncio.TimeoutError):
                            raise
                        raise ClientOSError(*exc.args) from exc

                    if cookies := resp.cookies:
                        self._cookie_jar.update_cookies(cookies, resp.url)

                    # redirects
                    if resp.status in (301, 302, 303, 307, 308) and allow_redirects:

                        for trace in traces:
                            await trace.send_request_redirect(
                                method, url.update_query(params), headers, resp
                            )

                        redirects += 1
                        history.append(resp)
                        if max_redirects and redirects >= max_redirects:
                            resp.close()
                            raise TooManyRedirects(
                                history[0].request_info, tuple(history)
                            )

                        # For 301 and 302, mimic IE, now changed in RFC
                        # https://github.com/kennethreitz/requests/pull/269
                        if (resp.status == 303 and resp.method != hdrs.METH_HEAD) or (
                            resp.status in (301, 302) and resp.method == hdrs.METH_POST
                        ):
                            method = hdrs.METH_GET
                            data = None
                            if headers.get(hdrs.CONTENT_LENGTH):
                                headers.pop(hdrs.CONTENT_LENGTH)

                        r_url = resp.headers.get(hdrs.LOCATION) or resp.headers.get(
                            hdrs.URI
                        )
                        if r_url is None:
                            # see github.com/aio-libs/aiohttp/issues/2022
                            break
                        else:
                            # reading from correct redirection
                            # response is forbidden
                            resp.release()

                        try:
                            parsed_redirect_url = URL(
                                r_url, encoded=not self._requote_redirect_url
                            )
                        except ValueError as e:
                            raise InvalidUrlRedirectClientError(
                                r_url,
                                "Server attempted redirecting to a location that does not look like a URL",
                            ) from e

                        scheme = parsed_redirect_url.scheme
                        if scheme not in HTTP_AND_EMPTY_SCHEMA_SET:
                            resp.close()
                            raise NonHttpUrlRedirectClientError(r_url)
                        elif not scheme:
                            parsed_redirect_url = url.join(parsed_redirect_url)

                        try:
                            redirect_origin = parsed_redirect_url.origin()
                        except ValueError as origin_val_err:
                            raise InvalidUrlRedirectClientError(
                                parsed_redirect_url,
                                "Invalid redirect URL origin",
                            ) from origin_val_err

                        if url.origin() != redirect_origin:
                            auth = None
                            headers.pop(hdrs.AUTHORIZATION, None)

                        url = parsed_redirect_url
                        params = {}
                        resp.release()
                        continue

                    break

            # check response status
            if raise_for_status is None:
                raise_for_status = self._raise_for_status

            if raise_for_status is None:
                pass
            elif callable(raise_for_status):
                await raise_for_status(resp)
            elif raise_for_status:
                resp.raise_for_status()

            # register connection
            if handle is not None:
                if resp.connection is not None:
                    resp.connection.add_callback(handle.cancel)
                else:
                    handle.cancel()

            resp._history = tuple(history)

            for trace in traces:
                await trace.send_request_end(
                    method, url.update_query(params), headers, resp
                )
            return resp

        except BaseException as e:
            # cleanup timer
            tm.close()
            if handle:
                handle.cancel()
                handle = None

            for trace in traces:
                await trace.send_request_exception(
                    method, url.update_query(params), headers, e
                )
            raise

    def ws_connect(
        self,
        url: StrOrURL,
        *,
        method: str = hdrs.METH_GET,
        protocols: Iterable[str] = (),
        timeout: float = 10.0,
        receive_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
        autoclose: bool = True,
        autoping: bool = True,
        heartbeat: Optional[float] = None,
        auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
        origin: Optional[str] = None,
        params: Query = None,
        headers: Optional[LooseHeaders] = None,
        proxy: Optional[StrOrURL] = None,
        proxy_auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
        ssl: Union[SSLContext, bool, Fingerprint] = True,
        verify_ssl: Optional[bool] = None,
        fingerprint: Optional[bytes] = None,
        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext] = None,
        proxy_headers: Optional[LooseHeaders] = None,
        compress: int = 0,
        max_msg_size: int = 4 * 1024 * 1024,
    ) -> "_WSRequestContextManager":
        """Initiate websocket connection."""
        return _WSRequestContextManager(
            self._ws_connect(
                url,
                method=method,
                protocols=protocols,
                timeout=timeout,
                receive_timeout=receive_timeout,
                autoclose=autoclose,
                autoping=autoping,
                heartbeat=heartbeat,
                auth=auth,
                origin=origin,
                params=params,
                headers=headers,
                proxy=proxy,
                proxy_auth=proxy_auth,
                ssl=ssl,
                verify_ssl=verify_ssl,
                fingerprint=fingerprint,
                ssl_context=ssl_context,
                proxy_headers=proxy_headers,
                compress=compress,
                max_msg_size=max_msg_size,
            )
        )

    async def _ws_connect(
        self,
        url: StrOrURL,
        *,
        method: str = hdrs.METH_GET,
        protocols: Iterable[str] = (),
        timeout: float = 10.0,
        receive_timeout: Optional[float] = None,
        autoclose: bool = True,
        autoping: bool = True,
        heartbeat: Optional[float] = None,
        auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
        origin: Optional[str] = None,
        params: Query = None,
        headers: Optional[LooseHeaders] = None,
        proxy: Optional[StrOrURL] = None,
        proxy_auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
        ssl: Union[SSLContext, bool, Fingerprint] = True,
        verify_ssl: Optional[bool] = None,
        fingerprint: Optional[bytes] = None,
        ssl_context: Optional[SSLContext] = None,
        proxy_headers: Optional[LooseHeaders] = None,
        compress: int = 0,
        max_msg_size: int = 4 * 1024 * 1024,
    ) -> ClientWebSocketResponse:

        if headers is None:
            real_headers: CIMultiDict[str] = CIMultiDict()
        else:
            real_headers = CIMultiDict(headers)

        default_headers = {
            hdrs.UPGRADE: "websocket",
            hdrs.CONNECTION: "Upgrade",
            hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_VERSION: "13",
        }

        for key, value in default_headers.items():
            real_headers.setdefault(key, value)

        sec_key = base64.b64encode(os.urandom(16))
        real_headers[hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_KEY] = sec_key.decode()

        if protocols:
            real_headers[hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL] = ",".join(protocols)
        if origin is not None:
            real_headers[hdrs.ORIGIN] = origin
        if compress:
            extstr = ws_ext_gen(compress=compress)
            real_headers[hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS] = extstr

        # For the sake of backward compatibility, if user passes in None, convert it to True
        if ssl is None:
            warnings.warn(
                "ssl=None is deprecated, please use ssl=True",
                DeprecationWarning,
                stacklevel=2,
            )
            ssl = True
        ssl = _merge_ssl_params(ssl, verify_ssl, ssl_context, fingerprint)

        # send request
        resp = await self.request(
            method,
            url,
            params=params,
            headers=real_headers,
            read_until_eof=False,
            auth=auth,
            proxy=proxy,
            proxy_auth=proxy_auth,
            ssl=ssl,
            proxy_headers=proxy_headers,
        )

        try:
            # check handshake
            if resp.status != 101:
                raise WSServerHandshakeError(
                    resp.request_info,
                    resp.history,
                    message="Invalid response status",
                    status=resp.status,
                    headers=resp.headers,
                )

            if resp.headers.get(hdrs.UPGRADE, "").lower() != "websocket":
                raise WSServerHandshakeError(
                    resp.request_info,
                    resp.history,
                    message="Invalid upgrade header",
                    status=resp.status,
                    headers=resp.headers,
                )

            if resp.headers.get(hdrs.CONNECTION, "").lower() != "upgrade":
                raise WSServerHandshakeError(
                    resp.request_info,
                    resp.history,
                    message="Invalid connection header",
                    status=resp.status,
                    headers=resp.headers,
                )

            # key calculation
            r_key = resp.headers.get(hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_ACCEPT, "")
            match = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha1(sec_key + WS_KEY).digest()).decode()
            if r_key != match:
                raise WSServerHandshakeError(
                    resp.request_info,
                    resp.history,
                    message="Invalid challenge response",
                    status=resp.status,
                    headers=resp.headers,
                )

            # websocket protocol
            protocol = None
            if protocols and hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL in resp.headers:
                resp_protocols = [
                    proto.strip()
                    for proto in resp.headers[hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_PROTOCOL].split(",")
                ]

                for proto in resp_protocols:
                    if proto in protocols:
                        protocol = proto
                        break

            # websocket compress
            notakeover = False
            if compress:
                compress_hdrs = resp.headers.get(hdrs.SEC_WEBSOCKET_EXTENSIONS)
                if compress_hdrs:
                    try:
                        compress, notakeover = ws_ext_parse(compress_hdrs)
                    except WSHandshakeError as exc:
                        raise WSServerHandshakeError(
                            resp.request_info,
                            resp.history,
                            message=exc.args[0],
                            status=resp.status,
                            headers=resp.headers,
                        ) from exc
                else:
                    compress = 0
                    notakeover = False

            conn = resp.connection
            assert conn is not None
            conn_proto = conn.protocol
            assert conn_proto is not None

            # For WS connection the read_timeout must be either receive_timeout or greater
            # None == no timeout, i.e. infinite timeout, so None is the max timeout possible
            if receive_timeout is None:
                # Reset regardless
                conn_proto.read_timeout = receive_timeout
            elif conn_proto.read_timeout is not None:
                # If read_timeout was set check which wins
                conn_proto.read_timeout = max(receive_timeout, conn_proto.read_timeout)

            transport = conn.transport
            assert transport is not None
            reader: FlowControlDataQueue[WSMessage] = FlowControlDataQueue(
                conn_proto, 2**16, loop=self._loop
            )
            conn_proto.set_parser(WebSocketReader(reader, max_msg_size), reader)
            writer = WebSocketWriter(
                conn_proto,
                transport,
                use_mask=True,
                compress=compress,
                notakeover=notakeover,
            )
        except BaseException:
            resp.close()
            raise
        else:
            return self._ws_response_class(
                reader,
                writer,
                protocol,
                resp,
                timeout,
                autoclose,
                autoping,
                self._loop,
                receive_timeout=receive_timeout,
                heartbeat=heartbeat,
                compress=compress,
                client_notakeover=notakeover,
            )

    def _prepare_headers(self, headers: Optional[LooseHeaders]) -> "CIMultiDict[str]":
        """Add default headers and transform it to CIMultiDict"""
        # Convert headers to MultiDict
        result = CIMultiDict(self._default_headers)
        if headers:
            if not isinstance(headers, (MultiDictProxy, MultiDict)):
                headers = CIMultiDict(headers)
            added_names: Set[str] = set()
            for key, value in headers.items():
                if key in added_names:
                    result.add(key, value)
                else:
                    result[key] = value
                    added_names.add(key)
        return result

    if sys.version_info >= (3, 11) and TYPE_CHECKING:

        def get(
            self,
            url: StrOrURL,
            **kwargs: Unpack[_RequestOptions],
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager": ...

        def options(
            self,
            url: StrOrURL,
            **kwargs: Unpack[_RequestOptions],
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager": ...

        def head(
            self,
            url: StrOrURL,
            **kwargs: Unpack[_RequestOptions],
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager": ...

        def post(
            self,
            url: StrOrURL,
            **kwargs: Unpack[_RequestOptions],
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager": ...

        def put(
            self,
            url: StrOrURL,
            **kwargs: Unpack[_RequestOptions],
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager": ...

        def patch(
            self,
            url: StrOrURL,
            **kwargs: Unpack[_RequestOptions],
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager": ...

        def delete(
            self,
            url: StrOrURL,
            **kwargs: Unpack[_RequestOptions],
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager": ...

    else:

        def get(
            self, url: StrOrURL, *, allow_redirects: bool = True, **kwargs: Any
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager":
            """Perform HTTP GET request."""
            return _RequestContextManager(
                self._request(
                    hdrs.METH_GET, url, allow_redirects=allow_redirects, **kwargs
                )
            )

        def options(
            self, url: StrOrURL, *, allow_redirects: bool = True, **kwargs: Any
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager":
            """Perform HTTP OPTIONS request."""
            return _RequestContextManager(
                self._request(
                    hdrs.METH_OPTIONS, url, allow_redirects=allow_redirects, **kwargs
                )
            )

        def head(
            self, url: StrOrURL, *, allow_redirects: bool = False, **kwargs: Any
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager":
            """Perform HTTP HEAD request."""
            return _RequestContextManager(
                self._request(
                    hdrs.METH_HEAD, url, allow_redirects=allow_redirects, **kwargs
                )
            )

        def post(
            self, url: StrOrURL, *, data: Any = None, **kwargs: Any
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager":
            """Perform HTTP POST request."""
            return _RequestContextManager(
                self._request(hdrs.METH_POST, url, data=data, **kwargs)
            )

        def put(
            self, url: StrOrURL, *, data: Any = None, **kwargs: Any
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager":
            """Perform HTTP PUT request."""
            return _RequestContextManager(
                self._request(hdrs.METH_PUT, url, data=data, **kwargs)
            )

        def patch(
            self, url: StrOrURL, *, data: Any = None, **kwargs: Any
        ) -> "_RequestContextManager":
            """Perform HTTP PATCH request."""
            return _RequestContextManager(
                self._request(hdrs.METH_PATCH, url, data=data, **kwargs)
            )

        def delete(self, url: StrOrURL, **kwargs: Any) -> "_RequestContextManager":
            """Perform HTTP DELETE request."""
            return _RequestContextManager(
                self._request(hdrs.METH_DELETE, url, **kwargs)
            )

    async def close(self) -> None:
        """Close underlying connector.

        Release all acquired resources.
        """
        if not self.closed:
            if self._connector is not None and self._connector_owner:
                await self._connector.close()
            self._connector = None

    @property
    def closed(self) -> bool:
        """Is client session closed.

        A readonly property.
        """
        return self._connector is None or self._connector.closed

    @property
    def connector(self) -> Optional[BaseConnector]:
        """Connector instance used for the session."""
        return self._connector

    @property
    def cookie_jar(self) -> AbstractCookieJar:
        """The session cookies."""
        return self._cookie_jar

    @property
    def version(self) -> Tuple[int, int]:
        """The session HTTP protocol version."""
        return self._version

    @property
    def requote_redirect_url(self) -> bool:
        """Do URL requoting on redirection handling."""
        return self._requote_redirect_url

    @requote_redirect_url.setter
    def requote_redirect_url(self, val: bool) -> None:
        """Do URL requoting on redirection handling."""
        warnings.warn(
            "session.requote_redirect_url modification " "is deprecated #2778",
            DeprecationWarning,
            stacklevel=2,
        )
        self._requote_redirect_url = val

    @property
    def loop(self) -> asyncio.AbstractEventLoop:
        """Session's loop."""
        warnings.warn(
            "client.loop property is deprecated", DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2
        )
        return self._loop

    @property
    def timeout(self) -> ClientTimeout:
        """Timeout for the session."""
        return self._timeout

    @property
    def headers(self) -> "CIMultiDict[str]":
        """The default headers of the client session."""
        return self._default_headers

    @property
    def skip_auto_headers(self) -> FrozenSet[istr]:
        """Headers for which autogeneration should be skipped"""
        return self._skip_auto_headers

    @property
    def auth(self) -> Optional[BasicAuth]:
        """An object that represents HTTP Basic Authorization"""
        return self._default_auth

    @property
    def json_serialize(self) -> JSONEncoder:
        """Json serializer callable"""
        return self._json_serialize

    @property
    def connector_owner(self) -> bool:
        """Should connector be closed on session closing"""
        return self._connector_owner

    @property
    def raise_for_status(
        self,
    ) -> Union[bool, Callable[[ClientResponse], Awaitable[None]]]:
        """Should `ClientResponse.raise_for_status()` be called for each response."""
        return self._raise_for_status

    @property
    def auto_decompress(self) -> bool:
        """Should the body response be automatically decompressed."""
        return self._auto_decompress

    @property
    def trust_env(self) -> bool:
        """
        Should proxies information from environment or netrc be trusted.

        Information is from HTTP_PROXY / HTTPS_PROXY environment variables
        or ~/.netrc file if present.
        """
        return self._trust_env

    @property
    def trace_configs(self) -> List[TraceConfig]:
        """A list of TraceConfig instances used for client tracing"""
        return self._trace_configs

    def detach(self) -> None:
        """Detach connector from session without closing the former.

        Session is switched to closed state anyway.
        """
        self._connector = None

    def __enter__(self) -> None:
        raise TypeError("Use async with instead")

    def __exit__(
        self,
        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
    ) -> None:
        # __exit__ should exist in pair with __enter__ but never executed
        pass  # pragma: no cover

    async def __aenter__(self) -> "ClientSession":
        return self

    async def __aexit__(
        self,
        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
        exc_val: Optional[BaseException],
        exc_tb: Optional[TracebackType],
    ) -> None:
        await self.close()


class _BaseRequestContextManager(Coroutine[Any, Any, _RetType], Generic[_RetType]):

    __slots__ = ("_coro", "_resp")

    def __init__(self, coro: Coroutine["asyncio.Future[Any]", None, _RetType]) -> None:
        self._coro: Coroutine["asyncio.Future[Any]", None, _RetType] = coro

    def send(self, arg: None) -> "asyncio.Future[Any]":
        return self._coro.send(arg)

    def throw(self, *args: Any, **kwargs: Any) -> "asyncio.Future[Any]":
        return self._coro.throw(*args, **kwargs)

    def close(self) -> None:
        return self._coro.close()

    def __await__(self) -> Generator[Any, None, _RetType]:
        ret = self._coro.__await__()
        return ret

    def __iter__(self) -> Generator[Any, None, _RetType]:
        return self.__await__()

    async def __aenter__(self) -> _RetType:
        self._resp: _RetType = await self._coro
        return await self._resp.__aenter__()

    async def __aexit__(
        self,
        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
        exc: Optional[BaseException],
        tb: Optional[TracebackType],
    ) -> None:
        await self._resp.__aexit__(exc_type, exc, tb)


_RequestContextManager = _BaseRequestContextManager[ClientResponse]
_WSRequestContextManager = _BaseRequestContextManager[ClientWebSocketResponse]


class _SessionRequestContextManager:

    __slots__ = ("_coro", "_resp", "_session")

    def __init__(
        self,
        coro: Coroutine["asyncio.Future[Any]", None, ClientResponse],
        session: ClientSession,
    ) -> None:
        self._coro = coro
        self._resp: Optional[ClientResponse] = None
        self._session = session

    async def __aenter__(self) -> ClientResponse:
        try:
            self._resp = await self._coro
        except BaseException:
            await self._session.close()
            raise
        else:
            return self._resp

    async def __aexit__(
        self,
        exc_type: Optional[Type[BaseException]],
        exc: Optional[BaseException],
        tb: Optional[TracebackType],
    ) -> None:
        assert self._resp is not None
        self._resp.close()
        await self._session.close()


def request(
    method: str,
    url: StrOrURL,
    *,
    params: Query = None,
    data: Any = None,
    json: Any = None,
    headers: Optional[LooseHeaders] = None,
    skip_auto_headers: Optional[Iterable[str]] = None,
    auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
    allow_redirects: bool = True,
    max_redirects: int = 10,
    compress: Optional[str] = None,
    chunked: Optional[bool] = None,
    expect100: bool = False,
    raise_for_status: Optional[bool] = None,
    read_until_eof: bool = True,
    proxy: Optional[StrOrURL] = None,
    proxy_auth: Optional[BasicAuth] = None,
    timeout: Union[ClientTimeout, object] = sentinel,
    cookies: Optional[LooseCookies] = None,
    version: HttpVersion = http.HttpVersion11,
    connector: Optional[BaseConnector] = None,
    read_bufsize: Optional[int] = None,
    loop: Optional[asyncio.AbstractEventLoop] = None,
    max_line_size: int = 8190,
    max_field_size: int = 8190,
) -> _SessionRequestContextManager:
    """Constructs and sends a request.

    Returns response object.
    method - HTTP method
    url - request url
    params - (optional) Dictionary or bytes to be sent in the query
      string of the new request
    data - (optional) Dictionary, bytes, or file-like object to
      send in the body of the request
    json - (optional) Any json compatible python object
    headers - (optional) Dictionary of HTTP Headers to send with
      the request
    cookies - (optional) Dict object to send with the request
    auth - (optional) BasicAuth named tuple represent HTTP Basic Auth
    auth - aiohttp.helpers.BasicAuth
    allow_redirects - (optional) If set to False, do not follow
      redirects
    version - Request HTTP version.
    compress - Set to True if request has to be compressed
       with deflate encoding.
    chunked - Set to chunk size for chunked transfer encoding.
    expect100 - Expect 100-continue response from server.
    connector - BaseConnector sub-class instance to support
       connection pooling.
    read_until_eof - Read response until eof if response
       does not have Content-Length header.
    loop - Optional event loop.
    timeout - Optional ClientTimeout settings structure, 5min
       total timeout by default.
    Usage::
      >>> import aiohttp
      >>> resp = await aiohttp.request('GET', 'http://python.org/')
      >>> resp
      <ClientResponse(python.org/) [200]>
      >>> data = await resp.read()
    """
    connector_owner = False
    if connector is None:
        connector_owner = True
        connector = TCPConnector(loop=loop, force_close=True)

    session = ClientSession(
        loop=loop,
        cookies=cookies,
        version=version,
        timeout=timeout,
        connector=connector,
        connector_owner=connector_owner,
    )

    return _SessionRequestContextManager(
        session._request(
            method,
            url,
            params=params,
            data=data,
            json=json,
            headers=headers,
            skip_auto_headers=skip_auto_headers,
            auth=auth,
            allow_redirects=allow_redirects,
            max_redirects=max_redirects,
            compress=compress,
            chunked=chunked,
            expect100=expect100,
            raise_for_status=raise_for_status,
            read_until_eof=read_until_eof,
            proxy=proxy,
            proxy_auth=proxy_auth,
            read_bufsize=read_bufsize,
            max_line_size=max_line_size,
            max_field_size=max_field_size,
        ),
        session,
    )