(* Title: HOL/Hahn_Banach/Function_Order.thy Author: Gertrud Bauer, TU Munich
*)
section‹An order on functions›
theory Function_Order imports Subspace Linearform begin
subsection‹The graph of a function›
text‹
We define the 🚫‹graph› of a (real) function‹f›withdomain‹F› as the set \begin{center} ‹{(x, f x). x ∈ F}› \end{center}
So we are modeling partial functions by specifying the domainand the
mapping function. We use the term ``function''alsofor its graph. ›
type_synonym'a graph = "('a × real) set"
definition graph :: "'a set \ ('a \ real) \ 'a graph" where"graph F f = {(x, f x) | x. x \ F}"
lemma graphI [intro]: "x \ F \ (x, f x) \ graph F f" unfolding graph_def by blast
lemma graphI2 [intro?]: "x \ F \ \t \ graph F f. t = (x, f x)" unfolding graph_def by blast
lemma graphE [elim?]: assumes"(x, y) \ graph F f" obtains"x \ F"and"y = f x" using assms unfolding graph_def by blast
subsection‹Functions ordered bydomain extension›
text‹
A function‹h'\ is an extension of \h\, iff the graph of \h\ is a subset of
the graph of ‹h'\. ›
lemma graph_extI: "(\x. x \ H \ h x = h' x) \ H \ H' ==> graph H h ⊆ graph H' h'" unfolding graph_def by blast
lemma graph_extD1 [dest?]: "graph H h \ graph H' h' \ x \ H \ h x = h' x" unfolding graph_def by blast
lemma graph_extD2 [dest?]: "graph H h \ graph H' h' \ H \ H'" unfolding graph_def by blast
subsection‹Domainandfunction of a graph›
text‹
The inverse functions to‹graph› are ‹domain›and‹funct›. ›
definitiondomain :: "'a graph \ 'a set" where"domain g = {x. \y. (x, y) \ g}"
definition funct :: "'a graph \ ('a \ real)" where"funct g = (\x. (SOME y. (x, y) \ g))"
text‹
The following lemmastates that ‹g›is the graph of a functionif the
relation induced by‹g›is unique. ›
lemma graph_domain_funct: assumes uniq: "\x y z. (x, y) \ g \ (x, z) \ g \ z = y" shows"graph (domain g) (funct g) = g" unfolding domain_def funct_def graph_def proof auto (* FIXME !? *) fix a b assume g: "(a, b) \ g" from g show"(a, SOME y. (a, y) \ g) \ g"by (rule someI2) from g show"\y. (a, y) \ g" .. from g show"b = (SOME y. (a, y) \ g)" proof (rule some_equality [symmetric]) fix y assume"(a, y) \ g" with g show"y = b"by (rule uniq) qed qed
subsection‹Norm-preserving extensions of a function›
text‹
Given a linear form ‹f› on the space ‹F›and a seminorm ‹p› on ‹E›. The set
of all linear extensions of ‹f›, to superspaces ‹H› of ‹F›, which are
bounded by‹p›, is defined as follows. ›
definition
norm_pres_extensions :: "'a::{plus,minus,uminus,zero} set \ ('a \ real) \ 'a set \ ('a \ real) ==>'a graph set" where "norm_pres_extensions E p F f
= {g. ∃H h. g = graph H h ∧ linearform H h ∧ H ⊴ E ∧ F ⊴ H ∧ graph F f ⊆ graph H h ∧ (∀x ∈ H. h x ≤ p x)}"
lemma norm_pres_extensionE [elim]: assumes"g \ norm_pres_extensions E p F f" obtains H h where"g = graph H h" and"linearform H h" and"H \ E" and"F \ H" and"graph F f \ graph H h" and"\x \ H. h x \ p x" using assms unfolding norm_pres_extensions_def by blast
lemma norm_pres_extensionI2 [intro]: "linearform H h \ H \ E \ F \ H ==> graph F f ⊆ graph H h ==>∀x ∈ H. h x ≤ p x ==> graph H h ∈ norm_pres_extensions E p F f" unfolding norm_pres_extensions_def by blast
lemma norm_pres_extensionI: (* FIXME ? *) "\H h. g = graph H h ∧ linearform H h ∧ H ⊴ E ∧ F ⊴ H ∧ graph F f ⊆ graph H h ∧ (∀x ∈ H. h x ≤ p x) ==> g ∈ norm_pres_extensions E p F f" unfolding norm_pres_extensions_def by blast
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