(* Title: Sequents/LK0.thy
Author: Lawrence C Paulson, Cambridge University Computer Laboratory
Copyright 1993 University of Cambridge
There may be printing problems if a seqent is in expanded normal form
(eta-expanded, beta-contracted).
*)
section ‹ Classical First-Order Sequent Calculus
›
theory LK0
imports Sequents
begin
setup ‹ Proofterm.set_preproc (Proof_Rewrite_Rules.standard_preproc [])
›
class "term"
default_sort
"term"
consts
Trueprop ::
"two_seqi"
True :: o
False :: o
equal ::
"['a,'a] \ o" (
infixl ‹ =
› 50)
Not ::
"o \ o" (
‹ (
‹ open_block
notation =
‹ prefix
¬ › › ¬ _)
› [40] 40)
conj ::
"[o,o] \ o" (
infixr ‹ ∧ › 35)
disj ::
"[o,o] \ o" (
infixr ‹ ∨ › 30)
imp ::
"[o,o] \ o" (
infixr ‹ ⟶ › 25)
iff ::
"[o,o] \ o" (
infixr ‹ ⟷ › 25)
The ::
"('a \ o) \ 'a" (
binder ‹ THE
› 10)
All ::
"('a \ o) \ o" (
binder ‹ ∀ › 10)
Ex ::
"('a \ o) \ o" (
binder ‹ ∃ › 10)
syntax
"_Trueprop" ::
"two_seqe" (
‹ (
‹ notation =
judgment › (_)/
⊨ (_))
› [6,6] 5)
parse_translation ‹ [(
🍋 ‹ _Trueprop
› , K (two_seq_tr
🍋 ‹ Trueprop
› ))]
›
print_translation ‹ [(
🍋 ‹ Trueprop
› , K (two_seq_tr
' \<^syntax_const>\_Trueprop\))]\
abbreviation
not_equal (
infixl ‹ ≠ › 50)
where
"x \ y \ \ (x = y)"
axiomatization where
(*Structural rules: contraction, thinning, exchange [Søren Heilmann] *)
contRS:
"$H \ $E, $S, $S, $F \ $H \ $E, $S, $F" and
contLS:
"$H, $S, $S, $G \ $E \ $H, $S, $G \ $E" and
thinRS:
"$H \ $E, $F \ $H \ $E, $S, $F" and
thinLS:
"$H, $G \ $E \ $H, $S, $G \ $E" and
exchRS:
"$H \ $E, $R, $S, $F \ $H \ $E, $S, $R, $F" and
exchLS:
"$H, $R, $S, $G \ $E \ $H, $S, $R, $G \ $E" and
cut:
"\$H \ $E, P; $H, P \ $E\ \ $H \ $E" and
(*Propositional rules*)
basic:
"$H, P, $G \ $E, P, $F" and
conjR:
"\$H\ $E, P, $F; $H\ $E, Q, $F\ \ $H\ $E, P \ Q, $F" and
conjL:
"$H, P, Q, $G \ $E \ $H, P \ Q, $G \ $E" and
disjR:
"$H \ $E, P, Q, $F \ $H \ $E, P \ Q, $F" and
disjL:
"\$H, P, $G \ $E; $H, Q, $G \ $E\ \ $H, P \ Q, $G \ $E" and
impR:
"$H, P \ $E, Q, $F \ $H \ $E, P \ Q, $F" and
impL:
"\$H,$G \ $E,P; $H, Q, $G \ $E\ \ $H, P \ Q, $G \ $E" and
notR:
"$H, P \ $E, $F \ $H \ $E, \ P, $F" and
notL:
"$H, $G \ $E, P \ $H, \ P, $G \ $E" and
FalseL:
"$H, False, $G \ $E" and
True_def:
"True \ False \ False" and
iff_def:
"P \ Q \ (P \ Q) \ (Q \ P)"
axiomatization where
(*Quantifiers*)
allR:
"(\x. $H \ $E, P(x), $F) \ $H \ $E, \x. P(x), $F" and
allL:
"$H, P(x), $G, \x. P(x) \ $E \ $H, \x. P(x), $G \ $E" and
exR:
"$H \ $E, P(x), $F, \x. P(x) \ $H \ $E, \x. P(x), $F" and
exL:
"(\x. $H, P(x), $G \ $E) \ $H, \x. P(x), $G \ $E" and
(*Equality*)
refl:
"$H \ $E, a = a, $F" and
subst:
"\G H E. $H(a), $G(a) \ $E(a) \ $H(b), a=b, $G(b) \ $E(b)"
(* Reflection *)
axiomatization where
eq_reflection:
"\ x = y \ (x \ y)" and
iff_reflection:
"\ P \ Q \ (P \ Q)"
(*Descriptions*)
axiomatization where
The:
"\$H \ $E, P(a), $F; \x.$H, P(x) \ $E, x=a, $F\ \
$H
⊨ $E, P(THE x. P(x)), $F
"
definition If ::
"[o, 'a, 'a] \ 'a" (
‹ (
‹ notation =
‹ mixfix
if then else
› › if (_)/
then (_)/ el
se (_))› 10)
where "If(P,x,y) \ THE z::'a. (P \ z = x) \ (\ P \ z = y)"
(** Structural Rules on formulas **)
(*contraction*)
lemma contR: "$H \ $E, P, P, $F \ $H \ $E, P, $F"
by (rule contRS)
lemma contL: "$H, P, P, $G \ $E \ $H, P, $G \ $E"
by (rule contLS)
(*thinning*)
lemma thinR: "$H \ $E, $F \ $H \ $E, P, $F"
by (rule thinRS)
lemma thinL: "$H, $G \ $E \ $H, P, $G \ $E"
by (rule thinLS)
(*exchange*)
lemma exchR: "$H \ $E, Q, P, $F \ $H \ $E, P, Q, $F"
by (rule exchRS)
lemma exchL: "$H, Q, P, $G \ $E \ $H, P, Q, $G \ $E"
by (rule exchLS)
ML ‹
(*Cut and thin, replacing the right-side formula*)
fun cutR_tac ctxt s i =
Rule_Insts.res_inst_tac ctxt [((("P" , 0), Position.none), s)] [] @{thm cut} i THEN
resolve_tac ctxt @{thms thinR} i
(*Cut and thin, replacing the left-side formula*)
fun cutL_tac ctxt s i =
Rule_Insts.res_inst_tac ctxt [((("P" , 0), Position.none), s)] [] @{thm cut} i THEN
resolve_tac ctxt @{thms thinL} (i + 1)
›
(** If-and-only-if rules **)
lemma iffR: "\$H,P \ $E,Q,$F; $H,Q \ $E,P,$F\ \ $H \ $E, P \ Q, $F"
apply (unfold iff_def)
apply (assumption | rule conjR impR)+
done
lemma iffL: "\$H,$G \ $E,P,Q; $H,Q,P,$G \ $E\ \ $H, P \ Q, $G \ $E"
apply (unfold iff_def)
apply (assumption | rule conjL impL basic)+
done
lemma iff_refl: "$H \ $E, (P \ P), $F"
apply (rule iffR basic)+
done
lemma TrueR: "$H \ $E, True, $F"
apply (unfold True_def)
apply (rule impR)
apply (rule basic)
done
(*Descriptions*)
lemma the_equality:
assumes p1: "$H \ $E, P(a), $F"
and p2: "\x. $H, P(x) \ $E, x=a, $F"
shows "$H \ $E, (THE x. P(x)) = a, $F"
apply (rule cut)
apply (rule_tac [2] p2)
apply (rule The, rule thinR, rule exchRS, rule p1)
apply (rule thinR, rule exchRS, rule p2)
done
(** Weakened quantifier rules. Incomplete, they let the search terminate.**)
lemma allL_thin: "$H, P(x), $G \ $E \ $H, \x. P(x), $G \ $E"
apply (rule allL)
apply (erule thinL)
done
lemma exR_thin: "$H \ $E, P(x), $F \ $H \ $E, \x. P(x), $F"
apply (rule exR)
apply (erule thinR)
done
(*The rules of LK*)
lemmas [safe] =
iffR iffL
notR notL
impR impL
disjR disjL
conjR conjL
FalseL TrueR
refl basic
ML ‹ val prop_pack = Cla.get_pack 🍋 ›
lemmas [safe] = exL allR
lemmas [unsafe] = the_equality exR_thin allL_thin
ML ‹ val LK_pack = Cla.get_pack 🍋 ›
ML ‹
val LK_dup_pack =
Cla.put_pack prop_pack 🍋
|> fold_rev Cla.add_safe @{thms allR exL}
|> fold_rev Cla.add_unsafe @{thms allL exR the_equality}
|> Cla.get_pack;
›
method_setup fast_prop =
‹ Scan.succeed (fn ctxt => SIMPLE_METHOD' (Cla.fast_tac (Cla.put_pack prop_pack ctxt)))\
method_setup fast_dup =
‹ Scan.succeed (fn ctxt => SIMPLE_METHOD' (Cla.fast_tac (Cla.put_pack LK_dup_pack ctxt)))\
method_setup best_dup =
‹ Scan.succeed (fn ctxt => SIMPLE_METHOD' (Cla.best_tac (Cla.put_pack LK_dup_pack ctxt)))\
method_setup lem = ‹
Attrib.thm >> (fn th => fn ctxt =>
SIMPLE_METHOD' (fn i =>
resolve_tac ctxt [@{thm thinR} RS @{thm cut}] i THEN
REPEAT (resolve_tac ctxt @{thms thinL} i) THEN
resolve_tac ctxt [th] i))
›
lemma mp_R:
assumes major: "$H \ $E, $F, P \ Q"
and minor: "$H \ $E, $F, P"
shows "$H \ $E, Q, $F"
apply (rule thinRS [THEN cut], rule major)
apply step
apply (rule thinR, rule minor)
done
lemma mp_L:
assumes major: "$H, $G \ $E, P \ Q"
and minor: "$H, $G, Q \ $E"
shows "$H, P, $G \ $E"
apply (rule thinL [THEN cut], rule major)
apply step
apply (rule thinL, rule minor)
done
(** Two rules to generate left- and right- rules from implications **)
lemma R_of_imp:
assumes major: "\ P \ Q"
and minor: "$H \ $E, $F, P"
shows "$H \ $E, Q, $F"
apply (rule mp_R)
apply (rule_tac [2] minor)
apply (rule thinRS, rule major [THEN thinLS])
done
lemma L_of_imp:
assumes major: "\ P \ Q"
and minor: "$H, $G, Q \ $E"
shows "$H, P, $G \ $E"
apply (rule mp_L)
apply (rule_tac [2] minor)
apply (rule thinRS, rule major [THEN thinLS])
done
(*Can be used to create implications in a subgoal*)
lemma backwards_impR:
assumes prem: "$H, $G \ $E, $F, P \ Q"
shows "$H, P, $G \ $E, Q, $F"
apply (rule mp_L)
apply (rule_tac [2] basic)
apply (rule thinR, rule prem)
done
lemma conjunct1: "\P \ Q \ \P"
apply (erule thinR [THEN cut])
apply fast
done
lemma conjunct2: "\P \ Q \ \Q"
apply (erule thinR [THEN cut])
apply fast
done
lemma spec: "\ (\x. P(x)) \ \ P(x)"
apply (erule thinR [THEN cut])
apply fast
done
(** Equality **)
lemma sym: "\ a = b \ b = a"
by (safe add!: subst)
lemma trans: "\ a = b \ b = c \ a = c"
by (safe add!: subst)
(* Symmetry of equality in hypotheses *)
lemmas symL = sym [THEN L_of_imp]
(* Symmetry of equality in hypotheses *)
lemmas symR = sym [THEN R_of_imp]
lemma transR: "\$H\ $E, $F, a = b; $H\ $E, $F, b=c\ \ $H\ $E, a = c, $F"
by (rule trans [THEN R_of_imp, THEN mp_R])
(* Two theorms for rewriting only one instance of a definition:
the first for definitions of formulae and the second for terms *)
lemma def_imp_iff: "(A \ B) \ \ A \ B"
apply unfold
apply (rule iff_refl)
done
lemma meta_eq_to_obj_eq: "(A \ B) \ \ A = B"
apply unfold
apply (rule refl)
done
(** if-then-else rules **)
lemma if_True: "\ (if True then x else y) = x"
unfolding If_def by fast
lemma if_False: "\ (if False then x else y) = y"
unfolding If_def by fast
lemma if_P: "\ P \ \ (if P then x else y) = x"
apply (unfold If_def)
apply (erule thinR [THEN cut])
apply fast
done
lemma if_not_P: "\ \ P \ \ (if P then x else y) = y"
apply (unfold If_def)
apply (erule thinR [THEN cut])
apply fast
done
end
Messung V0.5 C=88 H=98 G=93
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.6 Sekunden
¤
*© Formatika GbR, Deutschland