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   <title>Tabbing and Indentation</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="jEdit 5.6 User's Guide"><link rel="up" href="source-edit.html" title="Chapter 6. Editing Source Code"><link rel="prev" href="modes.html" title="Edit Modes"><link rel="next" href="commenting.html" title="Commenting Out Code"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Tabbing and Indentation</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="modes.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Chapter 6. Editing Source Code</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="commenting.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a name="indent"></a>Tabbing and Indentation</h2></div></div></div><p>jEdit makes a distinction between the <em class="firstterm">tab
        width</em>, which is is used when displaying hard tab characters,
        and the <em class="firstterm">indent width</em>, which is used when a level
        of indent is to be added or removed, for example by mode-specific auto
        indent routines. Both can be changed in one of several ways:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>On a global or mode-specific basis in the
                <span class="guibutton"><strong>Editing</strong></span> pane of the the
                <span class="guimenu"><strong>Utilities</strong></span>>
                <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Options</strong></span> dialog box.
                See <a class="xref" href="global-opts.html#editing-pane" title="The Editing Pane">the section called “The Editing Pane”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In the current buffer for the duration of the editing
                session in the
                <span class="guimenu"><strong>Utilities</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Buffer
                Options</strong></span> dialog box. See <a class="xref" href="buffer-opts.html" title="The Buffer Options Dialog Box">the section called “The Buffer Options Dialog Box”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In the current buffer for future editing sessions by
                placing the following in one of the first or last 10 lines of
                the buffer, where <em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em> is the desired
                tab width, and <em class="replaceable"><code>m</code></em> is the desired
                indent width:</p><pre class="screen">:tabSize=<em class="replaceable"><code>n</code></em>:indentSize=<em class="replaceable"><code>m</code></em>:</pre></li></ul></div><p><span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span>><span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Indent</strong></span>><span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Shift
        Indent Left</strong></span> (shortcut: <code class="keycap">S+TAB</code> or
        <code class="keycap">A+LEFT</code>) removes one level of indent from each selected
        line, or the current line if there is no selection.</p><p><span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span>><span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Indent</strong></span>><span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Shift
        Indent Right</strong></span> (shortcut: <code class="keycap">A+RIGHT</code>) adds one
        level of indent to each selected line, or the current line if there is
        no selection. Pressing <code class="keycap">Tab</code> while a multi-line selection
        is active has the same effect.</p><p><span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span>><span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Indent</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Remove
        Trailing Whitespace</strong></span> (shortcut: <code class="keycap">C+e r</code>)
        removes all whitespace from the end of each selected line, or the
        current line if there is no selection.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="soft-tabs"></a>Soft Tabs</h3></div></div></div><p>Files containing hard tab characters may look less than ideal
            if the default tab size is changed, so some people prefer using
            multiple space characters instead of hard tabs to indent
            code.</p><p>This feature is known as <em class="firstterm">soft tabs</em>.
            Soft tabs can be enabled or disabled in one of several ways:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>On a global or mode-specific basis in the
                    <span class="guibutton"><strong>Editing</strong></span> pane of the
                    <span class="guimenu"><strong>Utilities</strong></span>>
                    <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Options</strong></span>
                    dialog box. See <a class="xref" href="global-opts.html#editing-pane" title="The Editing Pane">the section called “The Editing Pane”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In the current buffer for the duration of the editing
                    session in the
                    <span class="guimenu"><strong>Utilities</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Buffer
                    Options</strong></span> dialog box. See <a class="xref" href="buffer-opts.html" title="The Buffer Options Dialog Box">the section called “The Buffer Options Dialog Box”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In the current buffer for future editing sessions by
                    placing the following in one of the first or last 10 lines
                    of the buffer, where <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em> is
                    either <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">true</span>”</span> or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">false</span>”</span>:</p><pre class="screen">:noTabs=<em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em>:</pre></li></ul></div><p>Changing the soft tabs setting has no effect on existing tab
            characters; it only affects subsequently-inserted tabs.</p><p><span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span>><span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Indent</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Spaces
            to Tabs</strong></span> converts soft tabs to hard tabs in the current
            selection, or the entire buffer if nothing is selected.</p><p><span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span>><span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Indent</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Tabs
            to Spaces</strong></span> converts hard tabs to soft tabs in the
            current selection, or the entire buffer if nothing is
            selected.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="elastic-tabstops"></a>Elastic Tabstops</h3></div></div></div><p>Elastic tabstops are an alternative way to handle tabstops.
            Elastic tabstops differ from traditional fixed tabstops because
      columns in lines above and below the "cell" that is being
            changed are always kept aligned. As the width of text before a tab
            character changes, the tabstops on adjacent lines are also
            changed to fit the widest piece of text in that column. It provides
            certain explicit benefits like it saves time
      spent on arranging the code and works seemlessly with variable width
            fonts.But at the same time it can make the code look unorganized
            on editors that do not support elastic tabstops.</p><p>This feature is known as <em class="firstterm">elastic tabstops</em>.
            Elastic tabstops can be enabled or disabled in one of several ways:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>On a global or mode-specific basis in the
                    <span class="guibutton"><strong>Editing</strong></span> pane of the
                    <span class="guimenu"><strong>Utilities</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Options</strong></span>
                    dialog box. See <a class="xref" href="global-opts.html#editing-pane" title="The Editing Pane">the section called “The Editing Pane”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In the current buffer for the duration of the editing
                    session in the
                    <span class="guimenu"><strong>Utilities</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Buffer
                    Options</strong></span> dialog box. See <a class="xref" href="buffer-opts.html" title="The Buffer Options Dialog Box">the section called “The Buffer Options Dialog Box”</a>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p>In the current buffer for future editing sessions by
                    placing the following in one of the first or last 10 lines
                    of the buffer, where <em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em> is
                    either <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">true</span>”</span> or <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">false</span>”</span>:</p><pre class="screen">:elasticTabstops=<em class="replaceable"><code>flag</code></em>:</pre></li></ul></div><p>Note that this feature does not work with <em class="firstterm">soft tabs</em>.
            where tabs are emulated as spaces</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a name="autoindent"></a>Automatic Indent</h3></div></div></div><p>The auto indent feature inserts the appropriate number of tabs
            or spaces at the beginning of a line. There are three different
            indentation schemes to choose from: <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">full</span>”</span>,
            <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">simple</span>”</span>, and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">none</span>”</span>. The scheme can be
            chosen on a global or per-edit mode basis using the
            <span class="guibutton"><strong>Editing</strong></span> pane of the
            <span class="guimenu"><strong>Utilities</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Options</strong></span>
            dialog. It can also be changed for a specific
            buffer using the <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Buffer Options</strong></span> dialog,
            or with a buffer-local property. (see <a class="xref" href="buffer-local.html" title="Buffer-Local Properties">the section called “Buffer-Local Properties”</a>)
            </p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="autoindent-full"></a>Automatic Indent Scheme: full</h4></div></div></div><p>
                In this default scheme, the amount of indentation inserted is
                mode-specific. In most edit modes, the indent of the previous
                line is simply copied over. However, in C-like languages (C,
                C++, Java, JavaScript), curly brackets and language statements
                are taken into account and indent is added and removed as
                necessary.
                </p><p>
                The automatic indentation can be triggered by: pressing
                <code class="keycap">ENTER</code> (this will by default only affect the
                indentation of the new line), pressing <code class="keycap">TAB</code> at
                the beginning of, or inside the leading whitespace of a line,
                entering one the bracket characters defined in the edit mode,
                pressing one of the <code class="varname">electricKeys</code> for the
                current edit mode (more details in
                <a class="xref" href="mode-tag-props.html" title="The PROPS Tag">the section called “The PROPS Tag”</a>), or when causing a hard wrap
                (see <a class="xref" href="word-wrap.html" title="Wrapping Long Lines">the section called “Wrapping Long Lines”</a>).
                </p><p>No matter what automatic indentation scheme is currently
                active, <span class="guimenu"><strong>Edit</strong></span> >
                <span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Indent</strong></span> > <span class="guisubmenu"><strong>Indent Selected
                Lines</strong></span> (shortcut: <code class="keycap">C+i</code>) indents all
                selected lines, or the current line if there is no selection, as
                if in the <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">full</span>”</span> scheme.</p><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h5 class="title"><a name="electric-keys"></a>Electric keys</h5></div></div></div><p>
                Electric keys cause reapplying of the indentation rules to
                the current line. Thanks to the electric keys the following
                code fragments are indented properly on-line:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p>
                Java, C: brackets. If indenting brackets are defined for
                the language, they are implicitly considered electric keys.
                Thus a closing bracket is placed in its correct position
                immediately after being typed.
                </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
                Java, C: labels. Labels end with a colon and the colon is
                included in electric keys for these languages. With
                pressing the colon, the line is reindented and the labels
                are indented a level to the left.
                </p></li><li class="listitem"><p>
                Basic: <code class="literal">endif</code>. Here <code class="keycap">f</code>
                letter is an electric key, that makes the line indented
                to the left.
                </p></li></ul></div><p>In jEdit 4 electric keys worked unconditionally.
                As of jEdit 5 they trigger reindentation only if
                the indentation of the line, before pressing a key,
                is the same as jEdit would indent it using its rules.
                This allows for specifying more electric keys in mode
                files, because they don't cause unwanted indentation
                like they did before. Electric keys including all letters
                seem to be good solution for basic-like languages.</p></div></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="autoindent-simple"></a>Automatic Indent Scheme: simple</h4></div></div></div><p>
                In this simplified automatic-indentation scheme, only two
                actions trigger an indentation: pressing <code class="keycap">ENTER</code>,
                or causing a hard wrap. Only the new line will be indented, and
                the amount of indentation will be the same as the previously
                line.</p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="autoindent-none"></a>Automatic Indent Scheme: none</h4></div></div></div><p>
                In this automatic indentation scheme, no actions in the text
                area will trigger a reindentation, and all lines start
                completely unindented. </p></div><div class="section"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a name="autoindent-customizing"></a>Further customization of automatic indentation</h4></div></div></div><p>The behavior of the <code class="keycap">ENTER</code> and
                <code class="keycap">TAB</code> keys can be configured in the
                <span class="guibutton"><strong>Shortcuts</strong></span> pane of the
                <span class="guimenu"><strong>Utilities</strong></span>><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Options</strong></span>
                dialog. box, just as with any other key.
                The <code class="keycap">ENTER</code> key can be bound to one of the
                following, or indeed any other command or macro:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Insert Newline</strong></span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Insert Newline and
                        Indent</strong></span>, which is the default. This is
                        equivalent to <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Insert Newline</strong></span>
                        when using the indentation scheme <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">none</span>”</span>.
                        </p></li></ul></div><p>The <code class="keycap">TAB</code> can be bound to one of the
                following, or again, any other command or macro:</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem"><p><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Insert Tab</strong></span>.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Insert Tab or Indent</strong></span>,
                        which is the default. This is equivalent to
                        <span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Insert Tab</strong></span> when not using the
                        <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">full</span>”</span> automatic indentation scheme.</p></li><li class="listitem"><p><span class="guimenuitem"><strong>Indent Selected Lines</strong></span>.
                        This binding will not respect the selected auto
                        indentation scheme.
                        </p></li></ul></div><p>See <a class="xref" href="global-opts.html#shortcuts-pane" title="The Shortcuts Pane">the section called “The Shortcuts Pane”</a> for details.</p><p>To insert a literal tab or newline without performing
                indentation, prefix the tab or newline with <code class="keycap">C+e
                v</code>. For example, to create a new line without any
                indentation, type <code class="keycap">C+e v ENTER</code>.</p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="modes.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="source-edit.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="commenting.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">Edit Modes </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="index.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Commenting Out Code</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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