/* incbi()
*
* Inverse of imcomplete beta integral
*
*
*
* SYNOPSIS :
*
* double a , b , x , y , incbi ( ) ;
*
* x = incbi ( a , b , y ) ;
*
*
*
* DESCRIPTION :
*
* Given y , the function finds x such that
*
* incbet ( a , b , x ) = y .
*
* The routine performs interval halving or Newton iterations to find the
* root of incbet ( a , b , x ) - y = 0 .
*
*
* ACCURACY :
*
* Relative error :
* x a , b
* arithmetic domain domain # trials peak rms
* IEEE 0 , 1 . 5 , 10000 50000 5 . 8 e - 12 1 . 3 e - 13
* IEEE 0 , 1 . 25 , 100 100000 1 . 8 e - 13 3 . 9 e - 15
* IEEE 0 , 1 0 , 5 50000 1 . 1 e - 12 5 . 5 e - 15
* VAX 0 , 1 . 5 , 100 25000 3 . 5 e - 14 1 . 1 e - 15
* With a and b constrained to half - integer or integer values :
* IEEE 0 , 1 . 5 , 10000 50000 5 . 8 e - 12 1 . 1 e - 13
* IEEE 0 , 1 . 5 , 100 100000 1 . 7 e - 14 7 . 9 e - 16
* With a = . 5 , b constrained to half - integer or integer values :
* IEEE 0 , 1 . 5 , 10000 10000 8 . 3 e - 11 1 . 0 e - 11
*/
/*
Cephes Math Library Release 2 . 8 : June , 2000
Copyright 1984 , 1996 , 2000 by Stephen L . Moshier
*/
#include "mconf.h"
extern double MACHEP, MAXNUM, MAXLOG, MINLOG;
#ifdef ANSIPROT
extern double ndtri ( double );
extern double exp ( double );
extern double fabs ( double );
extern double log ( double );
extern double sqrt ( double );
extern double lgam ( double );
extern double incbet ( double , double , double );
#else
double ndtri(), exp(), fabs(), log(), sqrt(), lgam(), incbet();
#endif
double incbi( aa, bb, yy0 )
double aa, bb, yy0;
{
double a, b, y0, d, y, x, x0, x1, lgm, yp, di, dithresh, yl, yh, xt;
int i, rflg, dir, nflg;
i = 0 ;
if ( yy0 <= 0 )
return (0 .0 );
if ( yy0 >= 1 .0 )
return (1 .0 );
x0 = 0 .0 ;
yl = 0 .0 ;
x1 = 1 .0 ;
yh = 1 .0 ;
nflg = 0 ;
if ( aa <= 1 .0 || bb <= 1 .0 )
{
dithresh = 1 .0 e-6 ;
rflg = 0 ;
a = aa;
b = bb;
y0 = yy0;
x = a/(a+b);
y = incbet( a, b, x );
goto ihalve;
}
else
{
dithresh = 1 .0 e-4 ;
}
/* approximation to inverse function */
yp = -ndtri(yy0);
if ( yy0 > 0 .5 )
{
rflg = 1 ;
a = bb;
b = aa;
y0 = 1 .0 - yy0;
yp = -yp;
}
else
{
rflg = 0 ;
a = aa;
b = bb;
y0 = yy0;
}
lgm = (yp * yp - 3 .0 )/6 .0 ;
x = 2 .0 /( 1 .0 /(2 .0 *a-1 .0 ) + 1 .0 /(2 .0 *b-1 .0 ) );
d = yp * sqrt( x + lgm ) / x
- ( 1 .0 /(2 .0 *b-1 .0 ) - 1 .0 /(2 .0 *a-1 .0 ) )
* (lgm + 5 .0 /6 .0 - 2 .0 /(3 .0 *x));
d = 2 .0 * d;
if ( d < MINLOG )
{
x = 1 .0 ;
goto under;
}
x = a/( a + b * exp(d) );
y = incbet( a, b, x );
yp = (y - y0)/y0;
if ( fabs(yp) < 0 .2 )
goto newt;
/* Resort to interval halving if not close enough. */
ihalve:
dir = 0 ;
di = 0 .5 ;
for ( i=0 ; i<100 ; i++ )
{
if ( i != 0 )
{
x = x0 + di * (x1 - x0);
if ( x == 1 .0 )
x = 1 .0 - MACHEP;
if ( x == 0 .0 )
{
di = 0 .5 ;
x = x0 + di * (x1 - x0);
if ( x == 0 .0 )
goto under;
}
y = incbet( a, b, x );
yp = (x1 - x0)/(x1 + x0);
if ( fabs(yp) < dithresh )
goto newt;
yp = (y-y0)/y0;
if ( fabs(yp) < dithresh )
goto newt;
}
if ( y < y0 )
{
x0 = x;
yl = y;
if ( dir < 0 )
{
dir = 0 ;
di = 0 .5 ;
}
else if ( dir > 3 )
di = 1 .0 - (1 .0 - di) * (1 .0 - di);
else if ( dir > 1 )
di = 0 .5 * di + 0 .5 ;
else
di = (y0 - y)/(yh - yl);
dir += 1 ;
if ( x0 > 0 .75 )
{
if ( rflg == 1 )
{
rflg = 0 ;
a = aa;
b = bb;
y0 = yy0;
}
else
{
rflg = 1 ;
a = bb;
b = aa;
y0 = 1 .0 - yy0;
}
x = 1 .0 - x;
y = incbet( a, b, x );
x0 = 0 .0 ;
yl = 0 .0 ;
x1 = 1 .0 ;
yh = 1 .0 ;
goto ihalve;
}
}
else
{
x1 = x;
if ( rflg == 1 && x1 < MACHEP )
{
x = 0 .0 ;
goto done;
}
yh = y;
if ( dir > 0 )
{
dir = 0 ;
di = 0 .5 ;
}
else if ( dir < -3 )
di = di * di;
else if ( dir < -1 )
di = 0 .5 * di;
else
di = (y - y0)/(yh - yl);
dir -= 1 ;
}
}
mtherr( "incbi" , PLOSS );
if ( x0 >= 1 .0 )
{
x = 1 .0 - MACHEP;
goto done;
}
if ( x <= 0 .0 )
{
under:
mtherr( "incbi" , UNDERFLOW );
x = 0 .0 ;
goto done;
}
newt:
if ( nflg )
goto done;
nflg = 1 ;
lgm = lgam(a+b) - lgam(a) - lgam(b);
for ( i=0 ; i<8 ; i++ )
{
/* Compute the function at this point. */
if ( i != 0 )
y = incbet(a,b,x);
if ( y < yl )
{
x = x0;
y = yl;
}
else if ( y > yh )
{
x = x1;
y = yh;
}
else if ( y < y0 )
{
x0 = x;
yl = y;
}
else
{
x1 = x;
yh = y;
}
if ( x == 1 .0 || x == 0 .0 )
break ;
/* Compute the derivative of the function at this point. */
d = (a - 1 .0 ) * log(x) + (b - 1 .0 ) * log(1 .0 -x) + lgm;
if ( d < MINLOG )
goto done;
if ( d > MAXLOG )
break ;
d = exp(d);
/* Compute the step to the next approximation of x. */
d = (y - y0)/d;
xt = x - d;
if ( xt <= x0 )
{
y = (x - x0) / (x1 - x0);
xt = x0 + 0 .5 * y * (x - x0);
if ( xt <= 0 .0 )
break ;
}
if ( xt >= x1 )
{
y = (x1 - x) / (x1 - x0);
xt = x1 - 0 .5 * y * (x1 - x);
if ( xt >= 1 .0 )
break ;
}
x = xt;
if ( fabs(d/x) < 128 .0 * MACHEP )
goto done;
}
/* Did not converge. */
dithresh = 256 .0 * MACHEP;
goto ihalve;
done:
if ( rflg )
{
if ( x <= MACHEP )
x = 1 .0 - MACHEP;
else
x = 1 .0 - x;
}
return ( x );
}
Messung V0.5 in Prozent C=98 H=70 G=85
¤ Dauer der Verarbeitung: 0.14 Sekunden
(vorverarbeitet am 2026-06-15)
¤
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