/** * This is main Windows time zone detection function. * * It returns the Windows time zone converted to an ICU time zone as a heap-allocated buffer, or nullptr upon failure. * * We use the Win32 API GetDynamicTimeZoneInformation (which is available since Vista) to get the current time zone info, * as this API returns a non-localized time zone name which can be then mapped to an ICU time zone. * * However, in some RDP/terminal services situations, this struct isn't always fully complete, and the TimeZoneKeyName * field of the struct might be nullptr. This can happen with some 3rd party RDP clients, and also when using older versions * of the RDP protocol, which don't send the newer TimeZoneKeyNamei information and only send the StandardName and DaylightName. * * Since these 3rd party clients and older RDP clients only send the pre-Vista time zone information to the server, this means that we * need to fallback on using the pre-Vista methods to determine the time zone. This unfortunately requires examining the registry directly * in order to try and determine the current time zone. * * Note that this can however still fail in some cases though if the client and server are using different languages, as the StandardName * that is sent by client is localized in the client's language. However, we must compare this to the names that are on the server, which * are localized in registry using the server's language. Despite that, this is the best we can do. * * Note: This fallback method won't work for the UWP version though, as we can't use the registry APIs in UWP. * * Once we have the current Windows time zone, then we can then map it to an ICU time zone ID (~ Olsen ID).
*/
U_CAPI constchar* U_EXPORT2
uprv_detectWindowsTimeZone()
{ // We first try to obtain the time zone directly by using the TimeZoneKeyName field of the DYNAMIC_TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION struct.
DYNAMIC_TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION dynamicTZI;
uprv_memset(&dynamicTZI, 0, sizeof(dynamicTZI));
SYSTEMTIME systemTimeAllZero;
uprv_memset(&systemTimeAllZero, 0, sizeof(systemTimeAllZero));
if (GetDynamicTimeZoneInformation(&dynamicTZI) == TIME_ZONE_ID_INVALID) { return nullptr;
}
// If the DST setting has been turned off in the Control Panel, then return "Etc/GMT<offset>". // // Note: This logic is based on how the Control Panel itself determines if DST is 'off' on Windows. // The code is somewhat convoluted; in a sort of pseudo-code it looks like this: // // IF (GetDynamicTimeZoneInformation != TIME_ZONE_ID_INVALID) && (DynamicDaylightTimeDisabled != 0) && // (StandardDate == DaylightDate) && // ( // (TimeZoneKeyName != Empty && StandardDate == 0) || // (TimeZoneKeyName == Empty && StandardDate != 0) // ) // THEN // DST setting is "Disabled". // if (dynamicTZI.DynamicDaylightTimeDisabled != 0 &&
uprv_memcmp(&dynamicTZI.StandardDate, &dynamicTZI.DaylightDate, sizeof(dynamicTZI.StandardDate)) == 0 &&
((dynamicTZI.TimeZoneKeyName[0] != L'\0' && uprv_memcmp(&dynamicTZI.StandardDate, &systemTimeAllZero, sizeof(systemTimeAllZero)) == 0) ||
(dynamicTZI.TimeZoneKeyName[0] == L'\0' && uprv_memcmp(&dynamicTZI.StandardDate, &systemTimeAllZero, sizeof(systemTimeAllZero)) != 0)))
{ LONG utcOffsetMins = dynamicTZI.Bias; if (utcOffsetMins == 0) { return uprv_strdup("Etc/UTC");
}
// No way to support when DST is turned off and the offset in minutes is not a multiple of 60. if (utcOffsetMins % 60 == 0) { char gmtOffsetTz[11] = {}; // "Etc/GMT+dd" is 11-char long with a terminal null. // Important note on the sign convention for zones: // // From https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tz_database#Area // "In order to conform with the POSIX style, those zone names beginning with "Etc/GMT" have their sign reversed // from the standard ISO 8601 convention. In the "Etc" area, zones west of GMT have a positive sign and those // east have a negative sign in their name (e.g "Etc/GMT-14" is 14 hours ahead of GMT)." // // Regarding the POSIX style, from https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/TZ-Variable.html // "The offset specifies the time value you must add to the local time to get a Coordinated Universal Time value." // // However, the Bias value in DYNAMIC_TIME_ZONE_INFORMATION *already* follows the POSIX convention. // // From https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/timezoneapi/ns-timezoneapi-dynamic_time_zone_information // "The bias is the difference, in minutes, between Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) and // local time. All translations between UTC and local time are based on the following formula: // UTC = local time + bias" // // For example, a time zone that is 3 hours ahead of UTC (UTC+03:00) would have a Bias value of -180, and the // corresponding time zone ID would be "Etc/GMT-3". (So there is no need to negate utcOffsetMins below.) int ret = snprintf(gmtOffsetTz, sizeof(gmtOffsetTz), "Etc/GMT%+ld", utcOffsetMins / 60); if (ret > 0 && ret < UPRV_LENGTHOF(gmtOffsetTz)) { return uprv_strdup(gmtOffsetTz);
}
}
}
// If DST is NOT disabled, but the TimeZoneKeyName field of the struct is nullptr, then we may be dealing with a // RDP/terminal services session where the 'Time Zone Redirection' feature is enabled. However, either the RDP // client sent the server incomplete info (some 3rd party RDP clients only send the StandardName and DaylightName, // but do not send the important TimeZoneKeyName), or if the RDP server has not appropriately populated the struct correctly. // // In this case we unfortunately have no choice but to fallback to using the pre-Vista method of determining the // time zone, which requires examining the registry directly. // // Note that this can however still fail though if the client and server are using different languages, as the StandardName // that is sent by client is *localized* in the client's language. However, we must compare this to the names that are // on the server, which are *localized* in registry using the server's language. // // One other note is that this fallback method doesn't work for the UWP version, as we can't use the registry APIs.
// windowsTimeZoneName will point at timezoneSubKeyName if we had to fallback to using the registry, and we found a match.
WCHAR timezoneSubKeyName[WINDOWS_MAX_REG_KEY_LENGTH];
WCHAR *windowsTimeZoneName = dynamicTZI.TimeZoneKeyName;
if (dynamicTZI.TimeZoneKeyName[0] == 0) {
// We can't use the registry APIs in the UWP version. #if U_PLATFORM_HAS_WINUWP_API == 1
(void)timezoneSubKeyName; // suppress unused variable warnings. return nullptr; #else // Open the path to the time zones in the Windows registry. LONG ret;
HKEY hKeyAllTimeZones = nullptr;
ret = RegOpenKeyExW(HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE, WINDOWS_TIMEZONES_REG_KEY_PATH, 0, KEY_READ, reinterpret_cast<PHKEY>(&hKeyAllTimeZones));
if (ret != ERROR_SUCCESS) { // If we can't open the key, then we can't do much, so fail. return nullptr;
}
// Read the number of subkeys under the time zone registry path.
DWORD numTimeZoneSubKeys;
ret = RegQueryInfoKeyW(hKeyAllTimeZones, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, &numTimeZoneSubKeys,
nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
if (ret != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
RegCloseKey(hKeyAllTimeZones); return nullptr;
}
// Examine each of the subkeys to try and find a match for the localized standard name ("Std"). // // Note: The name of the time zone subkey itself is not localized, but the "Std" name is localized. This means // that we could fail to find a match if the RDP client and RDP server are using different languages, but unfortunately // there isn't much we can do about it.
HKEY hKeyTimeZoneSubKey = nullptr;
ULONG registryValueType;
WCHAR registryStandardName[WINDOWS_MAX_REG_KEY_LENGTH];
for (DWORD i = 0; i < numTimeZoneSubKeys; i++) { // Note: RegEnumKeyExW wants the size of the buffer in characters.
DWORD size = UPRV_LENGTHOF(timezoneSubKeyName);
ret = RegEnumKeyExW(hKeyAllTimeZones, i, timezoneSubKeyName, &size, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
if (ret != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
RegCloseKey(hKeyAllTimeZones); return nullptr;
}
ret = RegOpenKeyExW(hKeyAllTimeZones, timezoneSubKeyName, 0, KEY_READ, reinterpret_cast<PHKEY>(&hKeyTimeZoneSubKey));
if (ret != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
RegCloseKey(hKeyAllTimeZones); return nullptr;
}
// Note: RegQueryValueExW wants the size of the buffer in bytes.
size = sizeof(registryStandardName);
ret = RegQueryValueExW(hKeyTimeZoneSubKey, L"Std", nullptr, ®istryValueType, reinterpret_cast<LPBYTE>(registryStandardName), &size);
// Note: wcscmp does an ordinal (byte) comparison. if (wcscmp(reinterpret_cast<WCHAR *>(registryStandardName), dynamicTZI.StandardName) == 0) { // Since we are comparing the *localized* time zone name, it's possible that some languages might use // the same string for more than one time zone. Thus we need to examine the TZI data in the registry to // compare the GMT offset (the bias), and the DST transition dates, to ensure it's the same time zone // as the currently reported one.
REG_TZI_FORMAT registryTziValue;
uprv_memset(®istryTziValue, 0, sizeof(registryTziValue));
// Note: RegQueryValueExW wants the size of the buffer in bytes.
DWORD timezoneTziValueSize = sizeof(registryTziValue);
ret = RegQueryValueExW(hKeyTimeZoneSubKey, L"TZI", nullptr, ®istryValueType, reinterpret_cast<LPBYTE>(®istryTziValue), &timezoneTziValueSize);
if (ret == ERROR_SUCCESS) { if ((dynamicTZI.Bias == registryTziValue.Bias) &&
(memcmp((constvoid *)&dynamicTZI.StandardDate, (constvoid *)®istryTziValue.StandardDate, sizeof(SYSTEMTIME)) == 0) &&
(memcmp((constvoid *)&dynamicTZI.DaylightDate, (constvoid *)®istryTziValue.DaylightDate, sizeof(SYSTEMTIME)) == 0))
{ // We found a matching time zone.
windowsTimeZoneName = timezoneSubKeyName; break;
}
}
}
RegCloseKey(hKeyTimeZoneSubKey);
hKeyTimeZoneSubKey = nullptr;
}
if (hKeyTimeZoneSubKey != nullptr) {
RegCloseKey(hKeyTimeZoneSubKey);
} if (hKeyAllTimeZones != nullptr) {
RegCloseKey(hKeyAllTimeZones);
} #endif// U_PLATFORM_HAS_WINUWP_API
}
CharString winTZ;
UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
winTZ.appendInvariantChars(UnicodeString(true, windowsTimeZoneName, -1), status);
// Map Windows Timezone name (non-localized) to ICU timezone ID (~ Olson timezone id).
StackUResourceBundle winTZBundle;
ures_openDirectFillIn(winTZBundle.getAlias(), nullptr, "windowsZones", &status);
ures_getByKey(winTZBundle.getAlias(), "mapTimezones", winTZBundle.getAlias(), &status);
ures_getByKey(winTZBundle.getAlias(), winTZ.data(), winTZBundle.getAlias(), &status);
if (U_FAILURE(status)) { return nullptr;
}
// Note: Since the ISO 3166 country/region codes are all invariant ASCII chars, we can // directly downcast from wchar_t to do the conversion. // We could call the A version of the GetGeoInfo API, but that would be slightly slower than calling the W API, // as the A version of the API will end up calling MultiByteToWideChar anyways internally. wchar_t regionCodeW[3] = {}; char regionCode[3] = {}; // 2 letter ISO 3166 country/region code made entirely of invariant chars. int geoId = GetUserGeoID(GEOCLASS_NATION); int regionCodeLen = GetGeoInfoW(geoId, GEO_ISO2, regionCodeW, UPRV_LENGTHOF(regionCodeW), 0);
if (regionCodeLen != 0) { for (int i = 0; i < UPRV_LENGTHOF(regionCodeW); i++) {
regionCode[i] = static_cast<char>(regionCodeW[i]);
}
icuTZ16 = ures_getStringByKey(winTZBundle.getAlias(), regionCode, &tzListLen, &status);
} if (regionCodeLen == 0 || U_FAILURE(status)) { // fallback to default "001" (world)
status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
icuTZ16 = ures_getStringByKey(winTZBundle.getAlias(), "001", &tzListLen, &status);
}
// Note: We want the first entry in the string returned by ures_getStringByKey. // However this string can be a space delimited list of timezones: // Ex: "America/New_York America/Detroit America/Indiana/Petersburg ..." // We need to stop at the first space, so we pass tzLen (instead of tzListLen) to appendInvariantChars below.
int32_t tzLen = 0; if (tzListLen > 0) { while (!(icuTZ16[tzLen] == u'\0' || icuTZ16[tzLen] == u' ')) {
tzLen++;
}
}
// Note: cloneData returns nullptr if the status is a failure, so this // will return nullptr if the above look-up fails.
CharString icuTZStr; return icuTZStr.appendInvariantChars(icuTZ16, tzLen, status).cloneData(status);
}
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