Quelle  pretty.py   Sprache: Python

import builtins
import collections
import dataclasses
import inspect
import os
import reprlib
import sys
from array import array
from collections import Counter, UserDict, UserList, defaultdict, deque
from dataclasses import dataclass, fields, is_dataclass
from inspect import isclass
from itertools import islice
from types import MappingProxyType
from typing import (
    TYPE_CHECKING,
    Any,
    Callable,
    DefaultDict,
    Deque,
    Dict,
    Iterable,
    List,
    Optional,
    Sequence,
    Set,
    Tuple,
    Union,
)

from rich.repr import RichReprResult

try:
    import attr as _attr_module

    _has_attrs = hasattr(_attr_module, "ib")
except ImportError:  # pragma: no cover
    _has_attrs = False

from . import get_console
from ._loop import loop_last
from ._pick import pick_bool
from .abc import RichRenderable
from .cells import cell_len
from .highlighter import ReprHighlighter
from .jupyter import JupyterMixin, JupyterRenderable
from .measure import Measurement
from .text import Text

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from .console import (
        Console,
        ConsoleOptions,
        HighlighterType,
        JustifyMethod,
        OverflowMethod,
        RenderResult,
    )


def _is_attr_object(obj: Any) -> bool:
    """Check if an object was created with attrs module."""
    return _has_attrs and _attr_module.has(type(obj))


def _get_attr_fields(obj: Any) -> Sequence["_attr_module.Attribute[Any]"]:
    """Get fields for an attrs object."""
    return _attr_module.fields(type(obj)) if _has_attrs else []


def _is_dataclass_repr(obj: object) -> bool:
    """Check if an instance of a dataclass contains the default repr.

    Args:
        obj (object): A dataclass instance.

    Returns:
        bool: True if the default repr is used, False if there is a custom repr.
    """
    # Digging in to a lot of internals here
    # Catching all exceptions in case something is missing on a non CPython implementation
    try:
        return obj.__repr__.__code__.co_filename in (
            dataclasses.__file__,
            reprlib.__file__,
        )
    except Exception:  # pragma: no coverage
        return False


_dummy_namedtuple = collections.namedtuple("_dummy_namedtuple", [])


def _has_default_namedtuple_repr(obj: object) -> bool:
    """Check if an instance of namedtuple contains the default repr

    Args:
        obj (object): A namedtuple

    Returns:
        bool: True if the default repr is used, False if there's a custom repr.
    """
    obj_file = None
    try:
        obj_file = inspect.getfile(obj.__repr__)
    except (OSError, TypeError):
        # OSError handles case where object is defined in __main__ scope, e.g. REPL - no filename available.
        # TypeError trapped defensively, in case of object without filename slips through.
        pass
    default_repr_file = inspect.getfile(_dummy_namedtuple.__repr__)
    return obj_file == default_repr_file


def _ipy_display_hook(
    value: Any,
    console: Optional["Console"] = None,
    overflow: "OverflowMethod" = "ignore",
    crop: bool = False,
    indent_guides: bool = False,
    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
    max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
    expand_all: bool = False,
) -> Union[str, None]:
    # needed here to prevent circular import:
    from .console import ConsoleRenderable

    # always skip rich generated jupyter renderables or None values
    if _safe_isinstance(value, JupyterRenderable) or value is None:
        return None

    console = console or get_console()

    with console.capture() as capture:
        # certain renderables should start on a new line
        if _safe_isinstance(value, ConsoleRenderable):
            console.line()
        console.print(
            (
                value
                if _safe_isinstance(value, RichRenderable)
                else Pretty(
                    value,
                    overflow=overflow,
                    indent_guides=indent_guides,
                    max_length=max_length,
                    max_string=max_string,
                    max_depth=max_depth,
                    expand_all=expand_all,
                    margin=12,
                )
            ),
            crop=crop,
            new_line_start=True,
            end="",
        )
    # strip trailing newline, not usually part of a text repr
    # I'm not sure if this should be prevented at a lower level
    return capture.get().rstrip("\n")


def _safe_isinstance(
    obj: object, class_or_tuple: Union[type, Tuple[type, ...]]
) -> bool:
    """isinstance can fail in rare cases, for example types with no __class__"""
    try:
        return isinstance(obj, class_or_tuple)
    except Exception:
        return False


def install(
    console: Optional["Console"] = None,
    overflow: "OverflowMethod" = "ignore",
    crop: bool = False,
    indent_guides: bool = False,
    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
    max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
    expand_all: bool = False,
) -> None:
    """Install automatic pretty printing in the Python REPL.

    Args:
        console (Console, optional): Console instance or ``None`` to use global console. Defaults to None.
        overflow (Optional[OverflowMethod], optional): Overflow method. Defaults to "ignore".
        crop (Optional[bool], optional): Enable cropping of long lines. Defaults to False.
        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indentation guides. Defaults to False.
        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
            Defaults to None.
        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to None.
        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth of nested data structures, or None for no maximum. Defaults to None.
        expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all containers. Defaults to False.
        max_frames (int): Maximum number of frames to show in a traceback, 0 for no maximum. Defaults to 100.
    """
    from rich import get_console

    console = console or get_console()
    assert console is not None

    def display_hook(value: Any) -> None:
        """Replacement sys.displayhook which prettifies objects with Rich."""
        if value is not None:
            assert console is not None
            builtins._ = None  # type: ignore[attr-defined]
            console.print(
                (
                    value
                    if _safe_isinstance(value, RichRenderable)
                    else Pretty(
                        value,
                        overflow=overflow,
                        indent_guides=indent_guides,
                        max_length=max_length,
                        max_string=max_string,
                        max_depth=max_depth,
                        expand_all=expand_all,
                    )
                ),
                crop=crop,
            )
            builtins._ = value  # type: ignore[attr-defined]

    try:
        ip = get_ipython()  # type: ignore[name-defined]
    except NameError:
        sys.displayhook = display_hook
    else:
        from IPython.core.formatters import BaseFormatter

        class RichFormatter(BaseFormatter):  # type: ignore[misc]
            pprint: bool = True

            def __call__(self, value: Any) -> Any:
                if self.pprint:
                    return _ipy_display_hook(
                        value,
                        console=get_console(),
                        overflow=overflow,
                        indent_guides=indent_guides,
                        max_length=max_length,
                        max_string=max_string,
                        max_depth=max_depth,
                        expand_all=expand_all,
                    )
                else:
                    return repr(value)

        # replace plain text formatter with rich formatter
        rich_formatter = RichFormatter()
        ip.display_formatter.formatters["text/plain"] = rich_formatter


class Pretty(JupyterMixin):
    """A rich renderable that pretty prints an object.

    Args:
        _object (Any): An object to pretty print.
        highlighter (HighlighterType, optional): Highlighter object to apply to result, or None for ReprHighlighter. Defaults to None.
        indent_size (int, optional): Number of spaces in indent. Defaults to 4.
        justify (JustifyMethod, optional): Justify method, or None for default. Defaults to None.
        overflow (OverflowMethod, optional): Overflow method, or None for default. Defaults to None.
        no_wrap (Optional[bool], optional): Disable word wrapping. Defaults to False.
        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indentation guides. Defaults to False.
        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
            Defaults to None.
        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to None.
        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth of nested data structures, or None for no maximum. Defaults to None.
        expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all containers. Defaults to False.
        margin (int, optional): Subtrace a margin from width to force containers to expand earlier. Defaults to 0.
        insert_line (bool, optional): Insert a new line if the output has multiple new lines. Defaults to False.
    """

    def __init__(
        self,
        _object: Any,
        highlighter: Optional["HighlighterType"] = None,
        *,
        indent_size: int = 4,
        justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = None,
        overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = None,
        no_wrap: Optional[bool] = False,
        indent_guides: bool = False,
        max_length: Optional[int] = None,
        max_string: Optional[int] = None,
        max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
        expand_all: bool = False,
        margin: int = 0,
        insert_line: bool = False,
    ) -> None:
        self._object = _object
        self.highlighter = highlighter or ReprHighlighter()
        self.indent_size = indent_size
        self.justify: Optional["JustifyMethod"] = justify
        self.overflow: Optional["OverflowMethod"] = overflow
        self.no_wrap = no_wrap
        self.indent_guides = indent_guides
        self.max_length = max_length
        self.max_string = max_string
        self.max_depth = max_depth
        self.expand_all = expand_all
        self.margin = margin
        self.insert_line = insert_line

    def __rich_console__(
        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
    ) -> "RenderResult":
        pretty_str = pretty_repr(
            self._object,
            max_width=options.max_width - self.margin,
            indent_size=self.indent_size,
            max_length=self.max_length,
            max_string=self.max_string,
            max_depth=self.max_depth,
            expand_all=self.expand_all,
        )
        pretty_text = Text.from_ansi(
            pretty_str,
            justify=self.justify or options.justify,
            overflow=self.overflow or options.overflow,
            no_wrap=pick_bool(self.no_wrap, options.no_wrap),
            style="pretty",
        )
        pretty_text = (
            self.highlighter(pretty_text)
            if pretty_text
            else Text(
                f"{type(self._object)}.__repr__ returned empty string",
                style="dim italic",
            )
        )
        if self.indent_guides and not options.ascii_only:
            pretty_text = pretty_text.with_indent_guides(
                self.indent_size, style="repr.indent"
            )
        if self.insert_line and "\n" in pretty_text:
            yield ""
        yield pretty_text

    def __rich_measure__(
        self, console: "Console", options: "ConsoleOptions"
    ) -> "Measurement":
        pretty_str = pretty_repr(
            self._object,
            max_width=options.max_width,
            indent_size=self.indent_size,
            max_length=self.max_length,
            max_string=self.max_string,
            max_depth=self.max_depth,
            expand_all=self.expand_all,
        )
        text_width = (
            max(cell_len(line) for line in pretty_str.splitlines()) if pretty_str else 0
        )
        return Measurement(text_width, text_width)


def _get_braces_for_defaultdict(_object: DefaultDict[Any, Any]) -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
    return (
        f"defaultdict({_object.default_factory!r}, {{",
        "})",
        f"defaultdict({_object.default_factory!r}, {{}})",
    )


def _get_braces_for_deque(_object: Deque[Any]) -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
    if _object.maxlen is None:
        return ("deque([", "])", "deque()")
    return (
        "deque([",
        f"], maxlen={_object.maxlen})",
        f"deque(maxlen={_object.maxlen})",
    )


def _get_braces_for_array(_object: "array[Any]") -> Tuple[str, str, str]:
    return (f"array({_object.typecode!r}, [", "])", f"array({_object.typecode!r})")


_BRACES: Dict[type, Callable[[Any], Tuple[str, str, str]]] = {
    os._Environ: lambda _object: ("environ({", "})", "environ({})"),
    array: _get_braces_for_array,
    defaultdict: _get_braces_for_defaultdict,
    Counter: lambda _object: ("Counter({", "})", "Counter()"),
    deque: _get_braces_for_deque,
    dict: lambda _object: ("{", "}", "{}"),
    UserDict: lambda _object: ("{", "}", "{}"),
    frozenset: lambda _object: ("frozenset({", "})", "frozenset()"),
    list: lambda _object: ("[", "]", "[]"),
    UserList: lambda _object: ("[", "]", "[]"),
    set: lambda _object: ("{", "}", "set()"),
    tuple: lambda _object: ("(", ")", "()"),
    MappingProxyType: lambda _object: ("mappingproxy({", "})", "mappingproxy({})"),
}
_CONTAINERS = tuple(_BRACES.keys())
_MAPPING_CONTAINERS = (dict, os._Environ, MappingProxyType, UserDict)


def is_expandable(obj: Any) -> bool:
    """Check if an object may be expanded by pretty print."""
    return (
        _safe_isinstance(obj, _CONTAINERS)
        or (is_dataclass(obj))
        or (hasattr(obj, "__rich_repr__"))
        or _is_attr_object(obj)
    ) and not isclass(obj)


@dataclass
class Node:
    """A node in a repr tree. May be atomic or a container."""

    key_repr: str = ""
    value_repr: str = ""
    open_brace: str = ""
    close_brace: str = ""
    empty: str = ""
    last: bool = False
    is_tuple: bool = False
    is_namedtuple: bool = False
    children: Optional[List["Node"]] = None
    key_separator: str = ": "
    separator: str = ", "

    def iter_tokens(self) -> Iterable[str]:
        """Generate tokens for this node."""
        if self.key_repr:
            yield self.key_repr
            yield self.key_separator
        if self.value_repr:
            yield self.value_repr
        elif self.children is not None:
            if self.children:
                yield self.open_brace
                if self.is_tuple and not self.is_namedtuple and len(self.children) == 1:
                    yield from self.children[0].iter_tokens()
                    yield ","
                else:
                    for child in self.children:
                        yield from child.iter_tokens()
                        if not child.last:
                            yield self.separator
                yield self.close_brace
            else:
                yield self.empty

    def check_length(self, start_length: int, max_length: int) -> bool:
        """Check the length fits within a limit.

        Args:
            start_length (int): Starting length of the line (indent, prefix, suffix).
            max_length (int): Maximum length.

        Returns:
            bool: True if the node can be rendered within max length, otherwise False.
        """
        total_length = start_length
        for token in self.iter_tokens():
            total_length += cell_len(token)
            if total_length > max_length:
                return False
        return True

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        repr_text = "".join(self.iter_tokens())
        return repr_text

    def render(
        self, max_width: int = 80, indent_size: int = 4, expand_all: bool = False
    ) -> str:
        """Render the node to a pretty repr.

        Args:
            max_width (int, optional): Maximum width of the repr. Defaults to 80.
            indent_size (int, optional): Size of indents. Defaults to 4.
            expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all levels. Defaults to False.

        Returns:
            str: A repr string of the original object.
        """
        lines = [_Line(node=self, is_root=True)]
        line_no = 0
        while line_no < len(lines):
            line = lines[line_no]
            if line.expandable and not line.expanded:
                if expand_all or not line.check_length(max_width):
                    lines[line_no : line_no + 1] = line.expand(indent_size)
            line_no += 1

        repr_str = "\n".join(str(line) for line in lines)
        return repr_str


@dataclass
class _Line:
    """A line in repr output."""

    parent: Optional["_Line"] = None
    is_root: bool = False
    node: Optional[Node] = None
    text: str = ""
    suffix: str = ""
    whitespace: str = ""
    expanded: bool = False
    last: bool = False

    @property
    def expandable(self) -> bool:
        """Check if the line may be expanded."""
        return bool(self.node is not None and self.node.children)

    def check_length(self, max_length: int) -> bool:
        """Check this line fits within a given number of cells."""
        start_length = (
            len(self.whitespace) + cell_len(self.text) + cell_len(self.suffix)
        )
        assert self.node is not None
        return self.node.check_length(start_length, max_length)

    def expand(self, indent_size: int) -> Iterable["_Line"]:
        """Expand this line by adding children on their own line."""
        node = self.node
        assert node is not None
        whitespace = self.whitespace
        assert node.children
        if node.key_repr:
            new_line = yield _Line(
                text=f"{node.key_repr}{node.key_separator}{node.open_brace}",
                whitespace=whitespace,
            )
        else:
            new_line = yield _Line(text=node.open_brace, whitespace=whitespace)
        child_whitespace = self.whitespace + " " * indent_size
        tuple_of_one = node.is_tuple and len(node.children) == 1
        for last, child in loop_last(node.children):
            separator = "," if tuple_of_one else node.separator
            line = _Line(
                parent=new_line,
                node=child,
                whitespace=child_whitespace,
                suffix=separator,
                last=last and not tuple_of_one,
            )
            yield line

        yield _Line(
            text=node.close_brace,
            whitespace=whitespace,
            suffix=self.suffix,
            last=self.last,
        )

    def __str__(self) -> str:
        if self.last:
            return f"{self.whitespace}{self.text}{self.node or ''}"
        else:
            return (
                f"{self.whitespace}{self.text}{self.node or ''}{self.suffix.rstrip()}"
            )


def _is_namedtuple(obj: Any) -> bool:
    """Checks if an object is most likely a namedtuple. It is possible
    to craft an object that passes this check and isn't a namedtuple, but
    there is only a minuscule chance of this happening unintentionally.

    Args:
        obj (Any): The object to test

    Returns:
        bool: True if the object is a namedtuple. False otherwise.
    """
    try:
        fields = getattr(obj, "_fields", None)
    except Exception:
        # Being very defensive - if we cannot get the attr then its not a namedtuple
        return False
    return isinstance(obj, tuple) and isinstance(fields, tuple)


def traverse(
    _object: Any,
    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
    max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
) -> Node:
    """Traverse object and generate a tree.

    Args:
        _object (Any): Object to be traversed.
        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
            Defaults to None.
        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable truncating.
            Defaults to None.
        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth of data structures, or None for no maximum.
            Defaults to None.

    Returns:
        Node: The root of a tree structure which can be used to render a pretty repr.
    """

    def to_repr(obj: Any) -> str:
        """Get repr string for an object, but catch errors."""
        if (
            max_string is not None
            and _safe_isinstance(obj, (bytes, str))
            and len(obj) > max_string
        ):
            truncated = len(obj) - max_string
            obj_repr = f"{obj[:max_string]!r}+{truncated}"
        else:
            try:
                obj_repr = repr(obj)
            except Exception as error:
                obj_repr = f""
        return obj_repr

    visited_ids: Set[int] = set()
    push_visited = visited_ids.add
    pop_visited = visited_ids.remove

    def _traverse(obj: Any, root: bool = False, depth: int = 0) -> Node:
        """Walk the object depth first."""

        obj_id = id(obj)
        if obj_id in visited_ids:
            # Recursion detected
            return Node(value_repr="...")

        obj_type = type(obj)
        children: List[Node]
        reached_max_depth = max_depth is not None and depth >= max_depth

        def iter_rich_args(rich_args: Any) -> Iterable[Union[Any, Tuple[str, Any]]]:
            for arg in rich_args:
                if _safe_isinstance(arg, tuple):
                    if len(arg) == 3:
                        key, child, default = arg
                        if default == child:
                            continue
                        yield key, child
                    elif len(arg) == 2:
                        key, child = arg
                        yield key, child
                    elif len(arg) == 1:
                        yield arg[0]
                else:
                    yield arg

        try:
            fake_attributes = hasattr(
                obj, "awehoi234_wdfjwljet234_234wdfoijsdfmmnxpi492"
            )
        except Exception:
            fake_attributes = False

        rich_repr_result: Optional[RichReprResult] = None
        if not fake_attributes:
            try:
                if hasattr(obj, "__rich_repr__") and not isclass(obj):
                    rich_repr_result = obj.__rich_repr__()
            except Exception:
                pass

        if rich_repr_result is not None:
            push_visited(obj_id)
            angular = getattr(obj.__rich_repr__, "angular", False)
            args = list(iter_rich_args(rich_repr_result))
            class_name = obj.__class__.__name__

            if args:
                children = []
                append = children.append

                if reached_max_depth:
                    if angular:
                        node = Node(value_repr=f"<{class_name}...>")
                    else:
                        node = Node(value_repr=f"{class_name}(...)")
                else:
                    if angular:
                        node = Node(
                            open_brace=f"<{class_name} ",
                            close_brace=">",
                            children=children,
                            last=root,
                            separator=" ",
                        )
                    else:
                        node = Node(
                            open_brace=f"{class_name}(",
                            close_brace=")",
                            children=children,
                            last=root,
                        )
                    for last, arg in loop_last(args):
                        if _safe_isinstance(arg, tuple):
                            key, child = arg
                            child_node = _traverse(child, depth=depth + 1)
                            child_node.last = last
                            child_node.key_repr = key
                            child_node.key_separator = "="
                            append(child_node)
                        else:
                            child_node = _traverse(arg, depth=depth + 1)
                            child_node.last = last
                            append(child_node)
            else:
                node = Node(
                    value_repr=f"<{class_name}>" if angular else f"{class_name}()",
                    children=[],
                    last=root,
                )
            pop_visited(obj_id)
        elif _is_attr_object(obj) and not fake_attributes:
            push_visited(obj_id)
            children = []
            append = children.append

            attr_fields = _get_attr_fields(obj)
            if attr_fields:
                if reached_max_depth:
                    node = Node(value_repr=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}(...)")
                else:
                    node = Node(
                        open_brace=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}(",
                        close_brace=")",
                        children=children,
                        last=root,
                    )

                    def iter_attrs() -> (
                        Iterable[Tuple[str, Any, Optional[Callable[[Any], str]]]]
                    ):
                        """Iterate over attr fields and values."""
                        for attr in attr_fields:
                            if attr.repr:
                                try:
                                    value = getattr(obj, attr.name)
                                except Exception as error:
                                    # Can happen, albeit rarely
                                    yield (attr.name, error, None)
                                else:
                                    yield (
                                        attr.name,
                                        value,
                                        attr.repr if callable(attr.repr) else None,
                                    )

                    for last, (name, value, repr_callable) in loop_last(iter_attrs()):
                        if repr_callable:
                            child_node = Node(value_repr=str(repr_callable(value)))
                        else:
                            child_node = _traverse(value, depth=depth + 1)
                        child_node.last = last
                        child_node.key_repr = name
                        child_node.key_separator = "="
                        append(child_node)
            else:
                node = Node(
                    value_repr=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}()", children=[], last=root
                )
            pop_visited(obj_id)
        elif (
            is_dataclass(obj)
            and not _safe_isinstance(obj, type)
            and not fake_attributes
            and _is_dataclass_repr(obj)
        ):
            push_visited(obj_id)
            children = []
            append = children.append
            if reached_max_depth:
                node = Node(value_repr=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}(...)")
            else:
                node = Node(
                    open_brace=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}(",
                    close_brace=")",
                    children=children,
                    last=root,
                    empty=f"{obj.__class__.__name__}()",
                )

                for last, field in loop_last(
                    field
                    for field in fields(obj)
                    if field.repr and hasattr(obj, field.name)
                ):
                    child_node = _traverse(getattr(obj, field.name), depth=depth + 1)
                    child_node.key_repr = field.name
                    child_node.last = last
                    child_node.key_separator = "="
                    append(child_node)

            pop_visited(obj_id)
        elif _is_namedtuple(obj) and _has_default_namedtuple_repr(obj):
            push_visited(obj_id)
            class_name = obj.__class__.__name__
            if reached_max_depth:
                # If we've reached the max depth, we still show the class name, but not its contents
                node = Node(
                    value_repr=f"{class_name}(...)",
                )
            else:
                children = []
                append = children.append
                node = Node(
                    open_brace=f"{class_name}(",
                    close_brace=")",
                    children=children,
                    empty=f"{class_name}()",
                )
                for last, (key, value) in loop_last(obj._asdict().items()):
                    child_node = _traverse(value, depth=depth + 1)
                    child_node.key_repr = key
                    child_node.last = last
                    child_node.key_separator = "="
                    append(child_node)
            pop_visited(obj_id)
        elif _safe_isinstance(obj, _CONTAINERS):
            for container_type in _CONTAINERS:
                if _safe_isinstance(obj, container_type):
                    obj_type = container_type
                    break

            push_visited(obj_id)

            open_brace, close_brace, empty = _BRACES[obj_type](obj)

            if reached_max_depth:
                node = Node(value_repr=f"{open_brace}...{close_brace}")
            elif obj_type.__repr__ != type(obj).__repr__:
                node = Node(value_repr=to_repr(obj), last=root)
            elif obj:
                children = []
                node = Node(
                    open_brace=open_brace,
                    close_brace=close_brace,
                    children=children,
                    last=root,
                )
                append = children.append
                num_items = len(obj)
                last_item_index = num_items - 1

                if _safe_isinstance(obj, _MAPPING_CONTAINERS):
                    iter_items = iter(obj.items())
                    if max_length is not None:
                        iter_items = islice(iter_items, max_length)
                    for index, (key, child) in enumerate(iter_items):
                        child_node = _traverse(child, depth=depth + 1)
                        child_node.key_repr = to_repr(key)
                        child_node.last = index == last_item_index
                        append(child_node)
                else:
                    iter_values = iter(obj)
                    if max_length is not None:
                        iter_values = islice(iter_values, max_length)
                    for index, child in enumerate(iter_values):
                        child_node = _traverse(child, depth=depth + 1)
                        child_node.last = index == last_item_index
                        append(child_node)
                if max_length is not None and num_items > max_length:
                    append(Node(value_repr=f"... +{num_items - max_length}", last=True))
            else:
                node = Node(empty=empty, children=[], last=root)

            pop_visited(obj_id)
        else:
            node = Node(value_repr=to_repr(obj), last=root)
        node.is_tuple = type(obj) == tuple
        node.is_namedtuple = _is_namedtuple(obj)
        return node

    node = _traverse(_object, root=True)
    return node


def pretty_repr(
    _object: Any,
    *,
    max_width: int = 80,
    indent_size: int = 4,
    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
    max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
    expand_all: bool = False,
) -> str:
    """Prettify repr string by expanding on to new lines to fit within a given width.

    Args:
        _object (Any): Object to repr.
        max_width (int, optional): Desired maximum width of repr string. Defaults to 80.
        indent_size (int, optional): Number of spaces to indent. Defaults to 4.
        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
            Defaults to None.
        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of string before truncating, or None to disable truncating.
            Defaults to None.
        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth of nested data structure, or None for no depth.
            Defaults to None.
        expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all containers regardless of available width. Defaults to False.

    Returns:
        str: A possibly multi-line representation of the object.
    """

    if _safe_isinstance(_object, Node):
        node = _object
    else:
        node = traverse(
            _object, max_length=max_length, max_string=max_string, max_depth=max_depth
        )
    repr_str: str = node.render(
        max_width=max_width, indent_size=indent_size, expand_all=expand_all
    )
    return repr_str


def pprint(
    _object: Any,
    *,
    console: Optional["Console"] = None,
    indent_guides: bool = True,
    max_length: Optional[int] = None,
    max_string: Optional[int] = None,
    max_depth: Optional[int] = None,
    expand_all: bool = False,
) -> None:
    """A convenience function for pretty printing.

    Args:
        _object (Any): Object to pretty print.
        console (Console, optional): Console instance, or None to use default. Defaults to None.
        max_length (int, optional): Maximum length of containers before abbreviating, or None for no abbreviation.
            Defaults to None.
        max_string (int, optional): Maximum length of strings before truncating, or None to disable. Defaults to None.
        max_depth (int, optional): Maximum depth for nested data structures, or None for unlimited depth. Defaults to None.
        indent_guides (bool, optional): Enable indentation guides. Defaults to True.
        expand_all (bool, optional): Expand all containers. Defaults to False.
    """
    _console = get_console() if console is None else console
    _console.print(
        Pretty(
            _object,
            max_length=max_length,
            max_string=max_string,
            max_depth=max_depth,
            indent_guides=indent_guides,
            expand_all=expand_all,
            overflow="ignore",
        ),
        soft_wrap=True,
    )


if __name__ == "__main__":  # pragma: no cover

    class BrokenRepr:
        def __repr__(self) -> str:
            1 / 0
            return "this will fail"

    from typing import NamedTuple

    class StockKeepingUnit(NamedTuple):
        name: str
        description: str
        price: float
        category: str
        reviews: List[str]

    d = defaultdict(int)
    d["foo"] = 5
    data = {
        "foo": [
            1,
            "Hello World!",
            100.123,
            323.232,
            432324.0,
            {5, 6, 7, (1, 2, 3, 4), 8},
        ],
        "bar": frozenset({1, 2, 3}),
        "defaultdict": defaultdict(
            list, {"crumble": ["apple", "rhubarb", "butter", "sugar", "flour"]}
        ),
        "counter": Counter(
            [
                "apple",
                "orange",
                "pear",
                "kumquat",
                "kumquat",
                "durian" * 100,
            ]
        ),
        "atomic": (False, True, None),
        "namedtuple": StockKeepingUnit(
            "Sparkling British Spring Water",
            "Carbonated spring water",
            0.9,
            "water",
            ["its amazing!", "its terrible!"],
        ),
        "Broken": BrokenRepr(),
    }
    data["foo"].append(data)  # type: ignore[attr-defined]

    from rich import print

    print(Pretty(data, indent_guides=True, max_string=20))

    class Thing:
        def __repr__(self) -> str:
            return "Hello\x1b[38;5;239m World!"

    print(Pretty(Thing()))