//! UTF-8 encoded paths. //! //! `camino` is an extension of the `std::path` module that adds new [`Utf8PathBuf`] and [`Utf8Path`] //! types. These are like the standard library's [`PathBuf`] and [`Path`] types, except they are //! guaranteed to only contain UTF-8 encoded data. Therefore, they expose the ability to get their //! contents as strings, they implement `Display`, etc. //! //! The `std::path` types are not guaranteed to be valid UTF-8. This is the right decision for the standard library, //! since it must be as general as possible. However, on all platforms, non-Unicode paths are vanishingly uncommon for a //! number of reasons: //! * Unicode won. There are still some legacy codebases that store paths in encodings like Shift-JIS, but most //! have been converted to Unicode at this point. //! * Unicode is the common subset of supported paths across Windows and Unix platforms. (On Windows, Rust stores paths //! as [an extension to UTF-8](https://simonsapin.github.io/wtf-8/), and converts them to UTF-16 at Win32 //! API boundaries.) //! * There are already many systems, such as Cargo, that only support UTF-8 paths. If your own tool interacts with any such //! system, you can assume that paths are valid UTF-8 without creating any additional burdens on consumers. //! * The ["makefile problem"](https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/EncodingStrategy#The_.22makefile_problem.22) //! (which also applies to `Cargo.toml`, and any other metadata file that lists the names of other files) has *no general, //! cross-platform solution* in systems that support non-UTF-8 paths. However, restricting paths to UTF-8 eliminates //! this problem. //! //! Therefore, many programs that want to manipulate paths *do* assume they contain UTF-8 data, and convert them to `str`s //! as necessary. However, because this invariant is not encoded in the `Path` type, conversions such as //! `path.to_str().unwrap()` need to be repeated again and again, creating a frustrating experience. //! //! Instead, `camino` allows you to check that your paths are UTF-8 *once*, and then manipulate them //! as valid UTF-8 from there on, avoiding repeated lossy and confusing conversions.
#[cfg(feature = "proptest1")] mod proptest_impls; #[cfg(feature = "serde1")] mod serde_impls; #[cfg(test)] mod tests;
/// An owned, mutable UTF-8 path (akin to [`String`]). /// /// This type provides methods like [`push`] and [`set_extension`] that mutate /// the path in place. It also implements [`Deref`] to [`Utf8Path`], meaning that /// all methods on [`Utf8Path`] slices are available on `Utf8PathBuf` values as well. /// /// [`push`]: Utf8PathBuf::push /// [`set_extension`]: Utf8PathBuf::set_extension /// /// # Examples /// /// You can use [`push`] to build up a `Utf8PathBuf` from /// components: /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// /// let mut path = Utf8PathBuf::new(); /// /// path.push(r"C:\"); /// path.push("windows"); /// path.push("system32"); /// /// path.set_extension("dll"); /// ``` /// /// However, [`push`] is best used for dynamic situations. This is a better way /// to do this when you know all of the components ahead of time: /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// /// let path: Utf8PathBuf = [r"C:\", "windows", "system32.dll"].iter().collect(); /// ``` /// /// We can still do better than this! Since these are all strings, we can use /// `From::from`: /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// /// let path = Utf8PathBuf::from(r"C:\windows\system32.dll"); /// ``` /// /// Which method works best depends on what kind of situation you're in. // NB: Internal PathBuf must only contain utf8 data #[derive(Clone, Default)] #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde1", derive(serde::Serialize, serde::Deserialize))] #[cfg_attr(feature = "serde1", serde(transparent))] #[repr(transparent)] pubstruct Utf8PathBuf(PathBuf);
/// Creates a new `Utf8PathBuf` from a `PathBuf` containing valid UTF-8 characters. /// /// Errors with the original `PathBuf` if it is not valid UTF-8. /// /// For a version that returns a type that implements [`std::error::Error`], use the /// `TryFrom<PathBuf>` impl. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// use std::ffi::OsStr; /// # #[cfg(unix)] /// use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt; /// use std::path::PathBuf; /// /// let unicode_path = PathBuf::from("/valid/unicode"); /// Utf8PathBuf::from_path_buf(unicode_path).expect("valid Unicode path succeeded"); /// /// // Paths on Unix can be non-UTF-8. /// # #[cfg(unix)] /// let non_unicode_str = OsStr::from_bytes(b"\xFF\xFF\xFF"); /// # #[cfg(unix)] /// let non_unicode_path = PathBuf::from(non_unicode_str); /// # #[cfg(unix)] /// Utf8PathBuf::from_path_buf(non_unicode_path).expect_err("non-Unicode path failed"); /// ``` pubfn from_path_buf(path: PathBuf) -> Result<Utf8PathBuf, PathBuf> { match path.into_os_string().into_string() {
Ok(string) => Ok(Utf8PathBuf::from(string)),
Err(os_string) => Err(PathBuf::from(os_string)),
}
}
/// Converts a `Utf8PathBuf` to a [`PathBuf`]. /// /// This is equivalent to the `From<Utf8PathBuf> for PathBuf` impl, but may aid in type /// inference. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// use std::path::PathBuf; /// /// let utf8_path_buf = Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.txt"); /// let std_path_buf = utf8_path_buf.into_std_path_buf(); /// assert_eq!(std_path_buf.to_str(), Some("foo.txt")); /// /// // Convert back to a Utf8PathBuf. /// let new_utf8_path_buf = Utf8PathBuf::from_path_buf(std_path_buf).unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(new_utf8_path_buf, "foo.txt"); /// ``` #[must_use = "`self` will be dropped if the result is not used"] pubfn into_std_path_buf(self) -> PathBuf { self.into()
}
/// Creates a new `Utf8PathBuf` with a given capacity used to create the internal [`PathBuf`]. /// See [`with_capacity`] defined on [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.44 or newer.* /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// /// let mut path = Utf8PathBuf::with_capacity(10); /// let capacity = path.capacity(); /// /// // This push is done without reallocating /// path.push(r"C:\"); /// /// assert_eq!(capacity, path.capacity()); /// ``` /// /// [`with_capacity`]: PathBuf::with_capacity #[cfg(path_buf_capacity)] #[must_use] pubfn with_capacity(capacity: usize) -> Utf8PathBuf {
Utf8PathBuf(PathBuf::with_capacity(capacity))
}
/// Coerces to a [`Utf8Path`] slice. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// let p = Utf8PathBuf::from("/test"); /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/test"), p.as_path()); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn as_path(&self) -> &Utf8Path { // SAFETY: every Utf8PathBuf constructor ensures that self is valid UTF-8 unsafe { Utf8Path::assume_utf8(&self.0) }
}
/// Extends `self` with `path`. /// /// If `path` is absolute, it replaces the current path. /// /// On Windows: /// /// * if `path` has a root but no prefix (e.g., `\windows`), it /// replaces everything except for the prefix (if any) of `self`. /// * if `path` has a prefix but no root, it replaces `self`. /// /// # Examples /// /// Pushing a relative path extends the existing path: /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// /// let mut path = Utf8PathBuf::from("/tmp"); /// path.push("file.bk"); /// assert_eq!(path, Utf8PathBuf::from("/tmp/file.bk")); /// ``` /// /// Pushing an absolute path replaces the existing path: /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// /// let mut path = Utf8PathBuf::from("/tmp"); /// path.push("/etc"); /// assert_eq!(path, Utf8PathBuf::from("/etc")); /// ``` pubfn push(&mutself, path: impl AsRef<Utf8Path>) { self.0.push(&path.as_ref().0)
}
/// Truncates `self` to [`self.parent`]. /// /// Returns `false` and does nothing if [`self.parent`] is [`None`]. /// Otherwise, returns `true`. /// /// [`self.parent`]: Utf8Path::parent /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// let mut p = Utf8PathBuf::from("/spirited/away.rs"); /// /// p.pop(); /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/spirited"), p); /// p.pop(); /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/"), p); /// ``` pubfn pop(&mutself) -> bool { self.0.pop()
}
/// Updates [`self.file_name`] to `file_name`. /// /// If [`self.file_name`] was [`None`], this is equivalent to pushing /// `file_name`. /// /// Otherwise it is equivalent to calling [`pop`] and then pushing /// `file_name`. The new path will be a sibling of the original path. /// (That is, it will have the same parent.) /// /// [`self.file_name`]: Utf8Path::file_name /// [`pop`]: Utf8PathBuf::pop /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// /// let mut buf = Utf8PathBuf::from("/"); /// assert_eq!(buf.file_name(), None); /// buf.set_file_name("bar"); /// assert_eq!(buf, Utf8PathBuf::from("/bar")); /// assert!(buf.file_name().is_some()); /// buf.set_file_name("baz.txt"); /// assert_eq!(buf, Utf8PathBuf::from("/baz.txt")); /// ``` pubfn set_file_name(&mutself, file_name: impl AsRef<str>) { self.0.set_file_name(file_name.as_ref())
}
/// Updates [`self.extension`] to `extension`. /// /// Returns `false` and does nothing if [`self.file_name`] is [`None`], /// returns `true` and updates the extension otherwise. /// /// If [`self.extension`] is [`None`], the extension is added; otherwise /// it is replaced. /// /// [`self.file_name`]: Utf8Path::file_name /// [`self.extension`]: Utf8Path::extension /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// let mut p = Utf8PathBuf::from("/feel/the"); /// /// p.set_extension("force"); /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/feel/the.force"), p.as_path()); /// /// p.set_extension("dark_side"); /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/feel/the.dark_side"), p.as_path()); /// ``` pubfn set_extension(&mutself, extension: impl AsRef<str>) -> bool { self.0.set_extension(extension.as_ref())
}
/// Consumes the `Utf8PathBuf`, yielding its internal [`String`] storage. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// /// let p = Utf8PathBuf::from("/the/head"); /// let s = p.into_string(); /// assert_eq!(s, "/the/head"); /// ``` #[must_use = "`self` will be dropped if the result is not used"] pubfn into_string(self) -> String { self.into_os_string().into_string().unwrap()
}
/// Consumes the `Utf8PathBuf`, yielding its internal [`OsString`] storage. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8PathBuf; /// use std::ffi::OsStr; /// /// let p = Utf8PathBuf::from("/the/head"); /// let s = p.into_os_string(); /// assert_eq!(s, OsStr::new("/the/head")); /// ``` #[must_use = "`self` will be dropped if the result is not used"] pubfn into_os_string(self) -> OsString { self.0.into_os_string()
}
/// Converts this `Utf8PathBuf` into a [boxed](Box) [`Utf8Path`]. #[must_use = "`self` will be dropped if the result is not used"] pubfn into_boxed_path(self) -> Box<Utf8Path> { let ptr = Box::into_raw(self.0.into_boxed_path()) as *mut Utf8Path; // SAFETY: // * self is valid UTF-8 // * ptr was constructed by consuming self so it represents an owned path // * Utf8Path is marked as #[repr(transparent)] so the conversion from *mut Path to // *mut Utf8Path is valid unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr) }
}
/// Invokes [`capacity`] on the underlying instance of [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.44 or newer.* /// /// [`capacity`]: PathBuf::capacity #[cfg(path_buf_capacity)] #[must_use] pubfn capacity(&self) -> usize { self.0.capacity()
}
/// Invokes [`clear`] on the underlying instance of [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.44 or newer.* /// /// [`clear`]: PathBuf::clear #[cfg(path_buf_capacity)] pubfn clear(&mutself) { self.0.clear()
}
/// Invokes [`reserve`] on the underlying instance of [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.44 or newer.* /// /// [`reserve`]: PathBuf::reserve #[cfg(path_buf_capacity)] pubfn reserve(&mutself, additional: usize) { self.0.reserve(additional)
}
/// Invokes [`try_reserve`] on the underlying instance of [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.63 or newer.* /// /// [`try_reserve`]: PathBuf::try_reserve #[cfg(try_reserve_2)] #[inline] pubfn try_reserve(
&mutself,
additional: usize,
) -> Result<(), std::collections::TryReserveError> { self.0.try_reserve(additional)
}
/// Invokes [`reserve_exact`] on the underlying instance of [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.44 or newer.* /// /// [`reserve_exact`]: PathBuf::reserve_exact #[cfg(path_buf_capacity)] pubfn reserve_exact(&mutself, additional: usize) { self.0.reserve_exact(additional)
}
/// Invokes [`try_reserve_exact`] on the underlying instance of [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.63 or newer.* /// /// [`try_reserve_exact`]: PathBuf::try_reserve_exact #[cfg(try_reserve_2)] #[inline] pubfn try_reserve_exact(
&mutself,
additional: usize,
) -> Result<(), std::collections::TryReserveError> { self.0.try_reserve_exact(additional)
}
/// Invokes [`shrink_to_fit`] on the underlying instance of [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.44 or newer.* /// /// [`shrink_to_fit`]: PathBuf::shrink_to_fit #[cfg(path_buf_capacity)] pubfn shrink_to_fit(&mutself) { self.0.shrink_to_fit()
}
/// Invokes [`shrink_to`] on the underlying instance of [`PathBuf`]. /// /// *Requires Rust 1.56 or newer.* /// /// [`shrink_to`]: PathBuf::shrink_to #[cfg(shrink_to)] #[inline] pubfn shrink_to(&mutself, min_capacity: usize) { self.0.shrink_to(min_capacity)
}
}
impl Deref for Utf8PathBuf { type Target = Utf8Path;
impl<P: AsRef<Utf8Path>> Extend<P> for Utf8PathBuf { fn extend<I: IntoIterator<Item = P>>(&mutself, iter: I) { for path in iter { self.push(path);
}
}
}
/// A slice of a UTF-8 path (akin to [`str`]). /// /// This type supports a number of operations for inspecting a path, including /// breaking the path into its components (separated by `/` on Unix and by either /// `/` or `\` on Windows), extracting the file name, determining whether the path /// is absolute, and so on. /// /// This is an *unsized* type, meaning that it must always be used behind a /// pointer like `&` or [`Box`]. For an owned version of this type, /// see [`Utf8PathBuf`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// // Note: this example does work on Windows /// let path = Utf8Path::new("./foo/bar.txt"); /// /// let parent = path.parent(); /// assert_eq!(parent, Some(Utf8Path::new("./foo"))); /// /// let file_stem = path.file_stem(); /// assert_eq!(file_stem, Some("bar")); /// /// let extension = path.extension(); /// assert_eq!(extension, Some("txt")); /// ``` // NB: Internal Path must only contain utf8 data #[repr(transparent)] pubstruct Utf8Path(Path);
impl Utf8Path { /// Directly wraps a string slice as a `Utf8Path` slice. /// /// This is a cost-free conversion. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// Utf8Path::new("foo.txt"); /// ``` /// /// You can create `Utf8Path`s from `String`s, or even other `Utf8Path`s: /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let string = String::from("foo.txt"); /// let from_string = Utf8Path::new(&string); /// let from_path = Utf8Path::new(&from_string); /// assert_eq!(from_string, from_path); /// ``` pubfn new(s: &(impl AsRef<str> + ?Sized)) -> &Utf8Path { let path = Path::new(s.as_ref()); // SAFETY: s is a str which means it is always valid UTF-8 unsafe { Utf8Path::assume_utf8(path) }
}
/// Converts a [`Path`] to a `Utf8Path`. /// /// Returns `None` if the path is not valid UTF-8. /// /// For a version that returns a type that implements [`std::error::Error`], use the /// `TryFrom<&Path>` impl. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// use std::ffi::OsStr; /// # #[cfg(unix)] /// use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt; /// use std::path::Path; /// /// let unicode_path = Path::new("/valid/unicode"); /// Utf8Path::from_path(unicode_path).expect("valid Unicode path succeeded"); /// /// // Paths on Unix can be non-UTF-8. /// # #[cfg(unix)] /// let non_unicode_str = OsStr::from_bytes(b"\xFF\xFF\xFF"); /// # #[cfg(unix)] /// let non_unicode_path = Path::new(non_unicode_str); /// # #[cfg(unix)] /// assert!(Utf8Path::from_path(non_unicode_path).is_none(), "non-Unicode path failed"); /// ``` pubfn from_path(path: &Path) -> Option<&Utf8Path> {
path.as_os_str().to_str().map(Utf8Path::new)
}
/// Converts a `Utf8Path` to a [`Path`]. /// /// This is equivalent to the `AsRef<&Path> for &Utf8Path` impl, but may aid in type inference. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// use std::path::Path; /// /// let utf8_path = Utf8Path::new("foo.txt"); /// let std_path: &Path = utf8_path.as_std_path(); /// assert_eq!(std_path.to_str(), Some("foo.txt")); /// /// // Convert back to a Utf8Path. /// let new_utf8_path = Utf8Path::from_path(std_path).unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(new_utf8_path, "foo.txt"); /// ``` pubfn as_std_path(&self) -> &Path { self.as_ref()
}
/// Yields the underlying [`str`] slice. /// /// Unlike [`Path::to_str`], this always returns a slice because the contents of a `Utf8Path` /// are guaranteed to be valid UTF-8. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let s = Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").as_str(); /// assert_eq!(s, "foo.txt"); /// ``` /// /// [`str`]: str #[must_use] pubfn as_str(&self) -> &str { // SAFETY: every Utf8Path constructor ensures that self is valid UTF-8 unsafe { assume_utf8(self.as_os_str()) }
}
/// Converts a `Utf8Path` to an owned [`Utf8PathBuf`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// let path_buf = Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").to_path_buf(); /// assert_eq!(path_buf, Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.txt")); /// ``` #[must_use = "this returns the result of the operation, \
without modifying the original"] pubfn to_path_buf(&self) -> Utf8PathBuf {
Utf8PathBuf(self.0.to_path_buf())
}
/// Returns `true` if the `Utf8Path` is absolute, i.e., if it is independent of /// the current directory. /// /// * On Unix, a path is absolute if it starts with the root, so /// `is_absolute` and [`has_root`] are equivalent. /// /// * On Windows, a path is absolute if it has a prefix and starts with the /// root: `c:\windows` is absolute, while `c:temp` and `\temp` are not. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// assert!(!Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").is_absolute()); /// ``` /// /// [`has_root`]: Utf8Path::has_root #[must_use] pubfn is_absolute(&self) -> bool { self.0.is_absolute()
}
/// Returns `true` if the `Utf8Path` is relative, i.e., not absolute. /// /// See [`is_absolute`]'s documentation for more details. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// assert!(Utf8Path::new("foo.txt").is_relative()); /// ``` /// /// [`is_absolute`]: Utf8Path::is_absolute #[must_use] pubfn is_relative(&self) -> bool { self.0.is_relative()
}
/// Returns `true` if the `Utf8Path` has a root. /// /// * On Unix, a path has a root if it begins with `/`. /// /// * On Windows, a path has a root if it: /// * has no prefix and begins with a separator, e.g., `\windows` /// * has a prefix followed by a separator, e.g., `c:\windows` but not `c:windows` /// * has any non-disk prefix, e.g., `\\server\share` /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// assert!(Utf8Path::new("/etc/passwd").has_root()); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn has_root(&self) -> bool { self.0.has_root()
}
/// Returns the `Path` without its final component, if there is one. /// /// Returns [`None`] if the path terminates in a root or prefix. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/foo/bar"); /// let parent = path.parent().unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(parent, Utf8Path::new("/foo")); /// /// let grand_parent = parent.parent().unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(grand_parent, Utf8Path::new("/")); /// assert_eq!(grand_parent.parent(), None); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn parent(&self) -> Option<&Utf8Path> { self.0.parent().map(|path| { // SAFETY: self is valid UTF-8, so parent is valid UTF-8 as well unsafe { Utf8Path::assume_utf8(path) }
})
}
/// Produces an iterator over `Utf8Path` and its ancestors. /// /// The iterator will yield the `Utf8Path` that is returned if the [`parent`] method is used zero /// or more times. That means, the iterator will yield `&self`, `&self.parent().unwrap()`, /// `&self.parent().unwrap().parent().unwrap()` and so on. If the [`parent`] method returns /// [`None`], the iterator will do likewise. The iterator will always yield at least one value, /// namely `&self`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let mut ancestors = Utf8Path::new("/foo/bar").ancestors(); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("/foo/bar"))); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("/foo"))); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("/"))); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), None); /// /// let mut ancestors = Utf8Path::new("../foo/bar").ancestors(); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("../foo/bar"))); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new("../foo"))); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new(".."))); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), Some(Utf8Path::new(""))); /// assert_eq!(ancestors.next(), None); /// ``` /// /// [`parent`]: Utf8Path::parent pubfn ancestors(&self) -> Utf8Ancestors<'_> {
Utf8Ancestors(self.0.ancestors())
}
/// Returns the final component of the `Utf8Path`, if there is one. /// /// If the path is a normal file, this is the file name. If it's the path of a directory, this /// is the directory name. /// /// Returns [`None`] if the path terminates in `..`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// assert_eq!(Some("bin"), Utf8Path::new("/usr/bin/").file_name()); /// assert_eq!(Some("foo.txt"), Utf8Path::new("tmp/foo.txt").file_name()); /// assert_eq!(Some("foo.txt"), Utf8Path::new("foo.txt/.").file_name()); /// assert_eq!(Some("foo.txt"), Utf8Path::new("foo.txt/.//").file_name()); /// assert_eq!(None, Utf8Path::new("foo.txt/..").file_name()); /// assert_eq!(None, Utf8Path::new("/").file_name()); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn file_name(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.0.file_name().map(|s| { // SAFETY: self is valid UTF-8, so file_name is valid UTF-8 as well unsafe { assume_utf8(s) }
})
}
/// Returns a path that, when joined onto `base`, yields `self`. /// /// # Errors /// /// If `base` is not a prefix of `self` (i.e., [`starts_with`] /// returns `false`), returns [`Err`]. /// /// [`starts_with`]: Utf8Path::starts_with /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/test/haha/foo.txt"); /// /// assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/"), Ok(Utf8Path::new("test/haha/foo.txt"))); /// assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test"), Ok(Utf8Path::new("haha/foo.txt"))); /// assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/"), Ok(Utf8Path::new("haha/foo.txt"))); /// assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/haha/foo.txt"), Ok(Utf8Path::new(""))); /// assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix("/test/haha/foo.txt/"), Ok(Utf8Path::new(""))); /// /// assert!(path.strip_prefix("test").is_err()); /// assert!(path.strip_prefix("/haha").is_err()); /// /// let prefix = Utf8PathBuf::from("/test/"); /// assert_eq!(path.strip_prefix(prefix), Ok(Utf8Path::new("haha/foo.txt"))); /// ``` pubfn strip_prefix(&self, base: impl AsRef<Path>) -> Result<&Utf8Path, StripPrefixError> { self.0.strip_prefix(base).map(|path| { // SAFETY: self is valid UTF-8, and strip_prefix returns a part of self (or an empty // string), so it is valid UTF-8 as well. unsafe { Utf8Path::assume_utf8(path) }
})
}
/// Determines whether `base` is a prefix of `self`. /// /// Only considers whole path components to match. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/etc/passwd"); /// /// assert!(path.starts_with("/etc")); /// assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/")); /// assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd")); /// assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd/")); // extra slash is okay /// assert!(path.starts_with("/etc/passwd///")); // multiple extra slashes are okay /// /// assert!(!path.starts_with("/e")); /// assert!(!path.starts_with("/etc/passwd.txt")); /// /// assert!(!Utf8Path::new("/etc/foo.rs").starts_with("/etc/foo")); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn starts_with(&self, base: impl AsRef<Path>) -> bool { self.0.starts_with(base)
}
/// Determines whether `child` is a suffix of `self`. /// /// Only considers whole path components to match. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/etc/resolv.conf"); /// /// assert!(path.ends_with("resolv.conf")); /// assert!(path.ends_with("etc/resolv.conf")); /// assert!(path.ends_with("/etc/resolv.conf")); /// /// assert!(!path.ends_with("/resolv.conf")); /// assert!(!path.ends_with("conf")); // use .extension() instead /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn ends_with(&self, base: impl AsRef<Path>) -> bool { self.0.ends_with(base)
}
/// Extracts the stem (non-extension) portion of [`self.file_name`]. /// /// [`self.file_name`]: Utf8Path::file_name /// /// The stem is: /// /// * [`None`], if there is no file name; /// * The entire file name if there is no embedded `.`; /// * The entire file name if the file name begins with `.` and has no other `.`s within; /// * Otherwise, the portion of the file name before the final `.` /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// assert_eq!("foo", Utf8Path::new("foo.rs").file_stem().unwrap()); /// assert_eq!("foo.tar", Utf8Path::new("foo.tar.gz").file_stem().unwrap()); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn file_stem(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.0.file_stem().map(|s| { // SAFETY: self is valid UTF-8, so file_stem is valid UTF-8 as well unsafe { assume_utf8(s) }
})
}
/// Extracts the extension of [`self.file_name`], if possible. /// /// The extension is: /// /// * [`None`], if there is no file name; /// * [`None`], if there is no embedded `.`; /// * [`None`], if the file name begins with `.` and has no other `.`s within; /// * Otherwise, the portion of the file name after the final `.` /// /// [`self.file_name`]: Utf8Path::file_name /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// assert_eq!("rs", Utf8Path::new("foo.rs").extension().unwrap()); /// assert_eq!("gz", Utf8Path::new("foo.tar.gz").extension().unwrap()); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn extension(&self) -> Option<&str> { self.0.extension().map(|s| { // SAFETY: self is valid UTF-8, so extension is valid UTF-8 as well unsafe { assume_utf8(s) }
})
}
/// Creates an owned [`Utf8PathBuf`] with `path` adjoined to `self`. /// /// See [`Utf8PathBuf::push`] for more details on what it means to adjoin a path. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/etc").join("passwd"), Utf8PathBuf::from("/etc/passwd")); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn join(&self, path: impl AsRef<Utf8Path>) -> Utf8PathBuf {
Utf8PathBuf(self.0.join(&path.as_ref().0))
}
/// Creates an owned [`PathBuf`] with `path` adjoined to `self`. /// /// See [`PathBuf::push`] for more details on what it means to adjoin a path. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// use std::path::PathBuf; /// /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("/etc").join_os("passwd"), PathBuf::from("/etc/passwd")); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn join_os(&self, path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> PathBuf { self.0.join(path)
}
/// Creates an owned [`Utf8PathBuf`] like `self` but with the given file name. /// /// See [`Utf8PathBuf::set_file_name`] for more details. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt"); /// assert_eq!(path.with_file_name("bar.txt"), Utf8PathBuf::from("/tmp/bar.txt")); /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/tmp"); /// assert_eq!(path.with_file_name("var"), Utf8PathBuf::from("/var")); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn with_file_name(&self, file_name: impl AsRef<str>) -> Utf8PathBuf {
Utf8PathBuf(self.0.with_file_name(file_name.as_ref()))
}
/// Creates an owned [`Utf8PathBuf`] like `self` but with the given extension. /// /// See [`Utf8PathBuf::set_extension`] for more details. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("foo.rs"); /// assert_eq!(path.with_extension("txt"), Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.txt")); /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("foo.tar.gz"); /// assert_eq!(path.with_extension(""), Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.tar")); /// assert_eq!(path.with_extension("xz"), Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.tar.xz")); /// assert_eq!(path.with_extension("").with_extension("txt"), Utf8PathBuf::from("foo.txt")); /// ``` pubfn with_extension(&self, extension: impl AsRef<str>) -> Utf8PathBuf {
Utf8PathBuf(self.0.with_extension(extension.as_ref()))
}
/// Produces an iterator over the [`Utf8Component`]s of the path. /// /// When parsing the path, there is a small amount of normalization: /// /// * Repeated separators are ignored, so `a/b` and `a//b` both have /// `a` and `b` as components. /// /// * Occurrences of `.` are normalized away, except if they are at the /// beginning of the path. For example, `a/./b`, `a/b/`, `a/b/.` and /// `a/b` all have `a` and `b` as components, but `./a/b` starts with /// an additional [`CurDir`] component. /// /// * A trailing slash is normalized away, `/a/b` and `/a/b/` are equivalent. /// /// Note that no other normalization takes place; in particular, `a/c` /// and `a/b/../c` are distinct, to account for the possibility that `b` /// is a symbolic link (so its parent isn't `a`). /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Component, Utf8Path}; /// /// let mut components = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt").components(); /// /// assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Utf8Component::RootDir)); /// assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Utf8Component::Normal("tmp"))); /// assert_eq!(components.next(), Some(Utf8Component::Normal("foo.txt"))); /// assert_eq!(components.next(), None) /// ``` /// /// [`CurDir`]: Utf8Component::CurDir pubfn components(&self) -> Utf8Components {
Utf8Components(self.0.components())
}
/// Produces an iterator over the path's components viewed as [`str`] /// slices. /// /// For more information about the particulars of how the path is separated /// into components, see [`components`]. /// /// [`components`]: Utf8Path::components /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let mut it = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo.txt").iter(); /// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some(std::path::MAIN_SEPARATOR.to_string().as_str())); /// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some("tmp")); /// assert_eq!(it.next(), Some("foo.txt")); /// assert_eq!(it.next(), None) /// ``` pubfn iter(&self) -> Iter<'_> {
Iter {
inner: self.components(),
}
}
/// Queries the file system to get information about a file, directory, etc. /// /// This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the /// destination file. /// /// This is an alias to [`fs::metadata`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/Minas/tirith"); /// let metadata = path.metadata().expect("metadata call failed"); /// println!("{:?}", metadata.file_type()); /// ``` pubfn metadata(&self) -> io::Result<fs::Metadata> { self.0.metadata()
}
/// Queries the metadata about a file without following symlinks. /// /// This is an alias to [`fs::symlink_metadata`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/Minas/tirith"); /// let metadata = path.symlink_metadata().expect("symlink_metadata call failed"); /// println!("{:?}", metadata.file_type()); /// ``` pubfn symlink_metadata(&self) -> io::Result<fs::Metadata> { self.0.symlink_metadata()
}
/// Returns the canonical, absolute form of the path with all intermediate /// components normalized and symbolic links resolved. /// /// This returns a [`PathBuf`] because even if a symlink is valid Unicode, its target may not /// be. For a version that returns a [`Utf8PathBuf`], see /// [`canonicalize_utf8`](Self::canonicalize_utf8). /// /// This is an alias to [`fs::canonicalize`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// use std::path::PathBuf; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/foo/test/../test/bar.rs"); /// assert_eq!(path.canonicalize().unwrap(), PathBuf::from("/foo/test/bar.rs")); /// ``` pubfn canonicalize(&self) -> io::Result<PathBuf> { self.0.canonicalize()
}
/// Returns the canonical, absolute form of the path with all intermediate /// components normalized and symbolic links resolved. /// /// This method attempts to convert the resulting [`PathBuf`] into a [`Utf8PathBuf`]. For a /// version that does not attempt to do this conversion, see /// [`canonicalize`](Self::canonicalize). /// /// # Errors /// /// The I/O operation may return an error: see the [`fs::canonicalize`] /// documentation for more. /// /// If the resulting path is not UTF-8, an [`io::Error`] is returned with the /// [`ErrorKind`](io::ErrorKind) set to `InvalidData` and the payload set to a /// [`FromPathBufError`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::{Utf8Path, Utf8PathBuf}; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/foo/test/../test/bar.rs"); /// assert_eq!(path.canonicalize_utf8().unwrap(), Utf8PathBuf::from("/foo/test/bar.rs")); /// ``` pubfn canonicalize_utf8(&self) -> io::Result<Utf8PathBuf> { self.canonicalize()
.and_then(|path| path.try_into().map_err(FromPathBufError::into_io_error))
}
/// Reads a symbolic link, returning the file that the link points to. /// /// This returns a [`PathBuf`] because even if a symlink is valid Unicode, its target may not /// be. For a version that returns a [`Utf8PathBuf`], see /// [`read_link_utf8`](Self::read_link_utf8). /// /// This is an alias to [`fs::read_link`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/laputa/sky_castle.rs"); /// let path_link = path.read_link().expect("read_link call failed"); /// ``` pubfn read_link(&self) -> io::Result<PathBuf> { self.0.read_link()
}
/// Reads a symbolic link, returning the file that the link points to. /// /// This method attempts to convert the resulting [`PathBuf`] into a [`Utf8PathBuf`]. For a /// version that does not attempt to do this conversion, see [`read_link`](Self::read_link). /// /// # Errors /// /// The I/O operation may return an error: see the [`fs::read_link`] /// documentation for more. /// /// If the resulting path is not UTF-8, an [`io::Error`] is returned with the /// [`ErrorKind`](io::ErrorKind) set to `InvalidData` and the payload set to a /// [`FromPathBufError`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/laputa/sky_castle.rs"); /// let path_link = path.read_link_utf8().expect("read_link call failed"); /// ``` pubfn read_link_utf8(&self) -> io::Result<Utf8PathBuf> { self.read_link()
.and_then(|path| path.try_into().map_err(FromPathBufError::into_io_error))
}
/// Returns an iterator over the entries within a directory. /// /// The iterator will yield instances of [`io::Result`]`<`[`fs::DirEntry`]`>`. New /// errors may be encountered after an iterator is initially constructed. /// /// This is an alias to [`fs::read_dir`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/laputa"); /// for entry in path.read_dir().expect("read_dir call failed") { /// if let Ok(entry) = entry { /// println!("{:?}", entry.path()); /// } /// } /// ``` pubfn read_dir(&self) -> io::Result<fs::ReadDir> { self.0.read_dir()
}
/// Returns an iterator over the entries within a directory. /// /// The iterator will yield instances of [`io::Result`]`<`[`Utf8DirEntry`]`>`. New /// errors may be encountered after an iterator is initially constructed. /// /// # Errors /// /// The I/O operation may return an error: see the [`fs::read_dir`] /// documentation for more. /// /// If a directory entry is not UTF-8, an [`io::Error`] is returned with the /// [`ErrorKind`](io::ErrorKind) set to `InvalidData` and the payload set to a /// [`FromPathBufError`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/laputa"); /// for entry in path.read_dir_utf8().expect("read_dir call failed") { /// if let Ok(entry) = entry { /// println!("{}", entry.path()); /// } /// } /// ``` #[inline] pubfn read_dir_utf8(&self) -> io::Result<ReadDirUtf8> { self.0.read_dir().map(|inner| ReadDirUtf8 { inner })
}
/// Returns `true` if the path points at an existing entity. /// /// Warning: this method may be error-prone, consider using [`try_exists()`] instead! /// It also has a risk of introducing time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) bugs. /// /// This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the /// destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return `false`. /// /// If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g., because of a /// permission error, this will return `false`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// assert!(!Utf8Path::new("does_not_exist.txt").exists()); /// ``` /// /// # See Also /// /// This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to /// check errors, call [`fs::metadata`]. /// /// [`try_exists()`]: Self::try_exists #[must_use] pubfn exists(&self) -> bool { self.0.exists()
}
/// Returns `Ok(true)` if the path points at an existing entity. /// /// This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the /// destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return `Ok(false)`. /// /// As opposed to the [`exists()`] method, this one doesn't silently ignore errors /// unrelated to the path not existing. (E.g. it will return `Err(_)` in case of permission /// denied on some of the parent directories.) /// /// Note that while this avoids some pitfalls of the `exists()` method, it still can not /// prevent time-of-check to time-of-use (TOCTOU) bugs. You should only use it in scenarios /// where those bugs are not an issue. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// assert!(!Utf8Path::new("does_not_exist.txt").try_exists().expect("Can't check existence of file does_not_exist.txt")); /// assert!(Utf8Path::new("/root/secret_file.txt").try_exists().is_err()); /// ``` /// /// [`exists()`]: Self::exists #[inline] pubfn try_exists(&self) -> io::Result<bool> { // Note: this block is written this way rather than with a pattern guard to appease Rust // 1.34. match fs::metadata(self) {
Ok(_) => Ok(true),
Err(error) => { if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound {
Ok(false)
} else {
Err(error)
}
}
}
}
/// Returns `true` if the path exists on disk and is pointing at a regular file. /// /// This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the /// destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return `false`. /// /// If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g., because of a /// permission error, this will return `false`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("./is_a_directory/").is_file(), false); /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("a_file.txt").is_file(), true); /// ``` /// /// # See Also /// /// This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to /// check errors, call [`fs::metadata`] and handle its [`Result`]. Then call /// [`fs::Metadata::is_file`] if it was [`Ok`]. /// /// When the goal is simply to read from (or write to) the source, the most /// reliable way to test the source can be read (or written to) is to open /// it. Only using `is_file` can break workflows like `diff <( prog_a )` on /// a Unix-like system for example. See [`fs::File::open`] or /// [`fs::OpenOptions::open`] for more information. #[must_use] pubfn is_file(&self) -> bool { self.0.is_file()
}
/// Returns `true` if the path exists on disk and is pointing at a directory. /// /// This function will traverse symbolic links to query information about the /// destination file. In case of broken symbolic links this will return `false`. /// /// If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g., because of a /// permission error, this will return `false`. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("./is_a_directory/").is_dir(), true); /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("a_file.txt").is_dir(), false); /// ``` /// /// # See Also /// /// This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to /// check errors, call [`fs::metadata`] and handle its [`Result`]. Then call /// [`fs::Metadata::is_dir`] if it was [`Ok`]. #[must_use] pubfn is_dir(&self) -> bool { self.0.is_dir()
}
/// Returns `true` if the path exists on disk and is pointing at a symbolic link. /// /// This function will not traverse symbolic links. /// In case of a broken symbolic link this will also return true. /// /// If you cannot access the directory containing the file, e.g., because of a /// permission error, this will return false. /// /// # Examples /// #[cfg_attr(unix, doc = "```no_run")] #[cfg_attr(not(unix), doc = "```ignore")] /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// use std::os::unix::fs::symlink; /// /// let link_path = Utf8Path::new("link"); /// symlink("/origin_does_not_exist/", link_path).unwrap(); /// assert_eq!(link_path.is_symlink(), true); /// assert_eq!(link_path.exists(), false); /// ``` /// /// # See Also /// /// This is a convenience function that coerces errors to false. If you want to /// check errors, call [`Utf8Path::symlink_metadata`] and handle its [`Result`]. Then call /// [`fs::Metadata::is_symlink`] if it was [`Ok`]. #[must_use] pubfn is_symlink(&self) -> bool { self.symlink_metadata()
.map(|m| m.file_type().is_symlink())
.unwrap_or(false)
}
/// Converts a `Box<Utf8Path>` into a [`Utf8PathBuf`] without copying or allocating. #[must_use = "`self` will be dropped if the result is not used"] pubfn into_path_buf(self: Box<Utf8Path>) -> Utf8PathBuf { let ptr = Box::into_raw(self) as *mut Path; // SAFETY: // * self is valid UTF-8 // * ptr was constructed by consuming self so it represents an owned path. // * Utf8Path is marked as #[repr(transparent)] so the conversion from a *mut Utf8Path to a // *mut Path is valid. let boxed_path = unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr) };
Utf8PathBuf(boxed_path.into_path_buf())
}
// invariant: Path must be guaranteed to be utf-8 data unsafefn assume_utf8(path: &Path) -> &Utf8Path { // SAFETY: Utf8Path is marked as #[repr(transparent)] so the conversion from a // *const Path to a *const Utf8Path is valid.
&*(path as *const Path as *const Utf8Path)
}
}
impl Clone forBox<Utf8Path> { fn clone(&self) -> Self { let boxed: Box<Path> = self.0.into(); let ptr = Box::into_raw(boxed) as *mut Utf8Path; // SAFETY: // * self is valid UTF-8 // * ptr was created by consuming a Box<Path> so it represents an rced pointer // * Utf8Path is marked as #[repr(transparent)] so the conversion from *mut Path to // *mut Utf8Path is valid unsafe { Box::from_raw(ptr) }
}
}
/// An iterator over [`Utf8Path`] and its ancestors. /// /// This `struct` is created by the [`ancestors`] method on [`Utf8Path`]. /// See its documentation for more. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/foo/bar"); /// /// for ancestor in path.ancestors() { /// println!("{}", ancestor); /// } /// ``` /// /// [`ancestors`]: Utf8Path::ancestors #[derive(Copy, Clone)] #[must_use = "iterators are lazy and do nothing unless consumed"] #[repr(transparent)] pubstruct Utf8Ancestors<'a>(Ancestors<'a>);
impl<'a> Iterator for Utf8Ancestors<'a> { type Item = &'a Utf8Path;
fn next(&mutself) -> Option<Self::Item> { self.0.next().map(|path| { // SAFETY: Utf8Ancestors was constructed from a Utf8Path, so it is guaranteed to // be valid UTF-8 unsafe { Utf8Path::assume_utf8(path) }
})
}
}
impl<'a> FusedIterator for Utf8Ancestors<'a> {}
/// An iterator over the [`Utf8Component`]s of a [`Utf8Path`]. /// /// This `struct` is created by the [`components`] method on [`Utf8Path`]. /// See its documentation for more. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo/bar.txt"); /// /// for component in path.components() { /// println!("{:?}", component); /// } /// ``` /// /// [`components`]: Utf8Path::components #[derive(Clone, Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd)] #[must_use = "iterators are lazy and do nothing unless consumed"] pubstruct Utf8Components<'a>(Components<'a>);
impl<'a> Utf8Components<'a> { /// Extracts a slice corresponding to the portion of the path remaining for iteration. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// let mut components = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo/bar.txt").components(); /// components.next(); /// components.next(); /// /// assert_eq!(Utf8Path::new("foo/bar.txt"), components.as_path()); /// ``` #[must_use] pubfn as_path(&self) -> &'a Utf8Path { // SAFETY: Utf8Components was constructed from a Utf8Path, so it is guaranteed to be valid // UTF-8 unsafe { Utf8Path::assume_utf8(self.0.as_path()) }
}
}
impl<'a> Iterator for Utf8Components<'a> { type Item = Utf8Component<'a>;
fn next(&mutself) -> Option<Self::Item> { self.0.next().map(|component| { // SAFETY: Utf8Component was constructed from a Utf8Path, so it is guaranteed to be // valid UTF-8 unsafe { Utf8Component::new(component) }
})
}
}
impl<'a> FusedIterator for Utf8Components<'a> {}
impl<'a> DoubleEndedIterator for Utf8Components<'a> { fn next_back(&mutself) -> Option<Self::Item> { self.0.next_back().map(|component| { // SAFETY: Utf8Component was constructed from a Utf8Path, so it is guaranteed to be // valid UTF-8 unsafe { Utf8Component::new(component) }
})
}
}
/// An iterator over the [`Utf8Component`]s of a [`Utf8Path`], as [`str`] slices. /// /// This `struct` is created by the [`iter`] method on [`Utf8Path`]. /// See its documentation for more. /// /// [`iter`]: Utf8Path::iter #[derive(Clone)] #[must_use = "iterators are lazy and do nothing unless consumed"] pubstruct Iter<'a> {
inner: Utf8Components<'a>,
}
/// A single component of a path. /// /// A `Utf8Component` roughly corresponds to a substring between path separators /// (`/` or `\`). /// /// This `enum` is created by iterating over [`Utf8Components`], which in turn is /// created by the [`components`](Utf8Path::components) method on [`Utf8Path`]. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```rust /// use camino::{Utf8Component, Utf8Path}; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new("/tmp/foo/bar.txt"); /// let components = path.components().collect::<Vec<_>>(); /// assert_eq!(&components, &[ /// Utf8Component::RootDir, /// Utf8Component::Normal("tmp"), /// Utf8Component::Normal("foo"), /// Utf8Component::Normal("bar.txt"), /// ]); /// ``` #[derive(Copy, Clone, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd)] pubenum Utf8Component<'a> { /// A Windows path prefix, e.g., `C:` or `\\server\share`. /// /// There is a large variety of prefix types, see [`Utf8Prefix`]'s documentation /// for more. /// /// Does not occur on Unix.
Prefix(Utf8PrefixComponent<'a>),
/// The root directory component, appears after any prefix and before anything else. /// /// It represents a separator that designates that a path starts from root.
RootDir,
/// A reference to the current directory, i.e., `.`.
CurDir,
/// A reference to the parent directory, i.e., `..`.
ParentDir,
/// A normal component, e.g., `a` and `b` in `a/b`. /// /// This variant is the most common one, it represents references to files /// or directories.
Normal(&'a str),
}
/// Windows path prefixes, e.g., `C:` or `\\server\share`. /// /// Windows uses a variety of path prefix styles, including references to drive /// volumes (like `C:`), network shared folders (like `\\server\share`), and /// others. In addition, some path prefixes are "verbatim" (i.e., prefixed with /// `\\?\`), in which case `/` is *not* treated as a separator and essentially /// no normalization is performed. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::{Utf8Component, Utf8Path, Utf8Prefix}; /// use camino::Utf8Prefix::*; /// /// fn get_path_prefix(s: &str) -> Utf8Prefix { /// let path = Utf8Path::new(s); /// match path.components().next().unwrap() { /// Utf8Component::Prefix(prefix_component) => prefix_component.kind(), /// _ => panic!(), /// } /// } /// /// # if cfg!(windows) { /// assert_eq!(Verbatim("pictures"), get_path_prefix(r"\\?\pictures\kittens")); /// assert_eq!(VerbatimUNC("server", "share"), get_path_prefix(r"\\?\UNC\server\share")); /// assert_eq!(VerbatimDisk(b'C'), get_path_prefix(r"\\?\c:\")); /// assert_eq!(DeviceNS("BrainInterface"), get_path_prefix(r"\\.\BrainInterface")); /// assert_eq!(UNC("server", "share"), get_path_prefix(r"\\server\share")); /// assert_eq!(Disk(b'C'), get_path_prefix(r"C:\Users\Rust\Pictures\Ferris")); /// # } /// ``` #[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Hash, PartialOrd, Ord, PartialEq, Eq)] pubenum Utf8Prefix<'a> { /// Verbatim prefix, e.g., `\\?\cat_pics`. /// /// Verbatim prefixes consist of `\\?\` immediately followed by the given /// component.
Verbatim(&'a str),
/// Verbatim prefix using Windows' _**U**niform **N**aming **C**onvention_, /// e.g., `\\?\UNC\server\share`. /// /// Verbatim UNC prefixes consist of `\\?\UNC\` immediately followed by the /// server's hostname and a share name.
VerbatimUNC(&'a str, &'a str),
/// Verbatim disk prefix, e.g., `\\?\C:`. /// /// Verbatim disk prefixes consist of `\\?\` immediately followed by the /// drive letter and `:`.
VerbatimDisk(u8),
/// Device namespace prefix, e.g., `\\.\COM42`. /// /// Device namespace prefixes consist of `\\.\` immediately followed by the /// device name.
DeviceNS(&'a str),
/// Prefix using Windows' _**U**niform **N**aming **C**onvention_, e.g. /// `\\server\share`. /// /// UNC prefixes consist of the server's hostname and a share name.
UNC(&'a str, &'a str),
/// Prefix `C:` for the given disk drive.
Disk(u8),
}
/// A structure wrapping a Windows path prefix as well as its unparsed string /// representation. /// /// In addition to the parsed [`Utf8Prefix`] information returned by [`kind`], /// `Utf8PrefixComponent` also holds the raw and unparsed [`str`] slice, /// returned by [`as_str`]. /// /// Instances of this `struct` can be obtained by matching against the /// [`Prefix` variant] on [`Utf8Component`]. /// /// Does not occur on Unix. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// # if cfg!(windows) { /// use camino::{Utf8Component, Utf8Path, Utf8Prefix}; /// use std::ffi::OsStr; /// /// let path = Utf8Path::new(r"c:\you\later\"); /// match path.components().next().unwrap() { /// Utf8Component::Prefix(prefix_component) => { /// assert_eq!(Utf8Prefix::Disk(b'C'), prefix_component.kind()); /// assert_eq!("c:", prefix_component.as_str()); /// } /// _ => unreachable!(), /// } /// # } /// ``` /// /// [`as_str`]: Utf8PrefixComponent::as_str /// [`kind`]: Utf8PrefixComponent::kind /// [`Prefix` variant]: Utf8Component::Prefix #[repr(transparent)] #[derive(Clone, Copy, Eq, PartialEq, Hash, Ord, PartialOrd)] pubstruct Utf8PrefixComponent<'a>(PrefixComponent<'a>);
impl<'a> Utf8PrefixComponent<'a> { /// Returns the parsed prefix data. /// /// See [`Utf8Prefix`]'s documentation for more information on the different /// kinds of prefixes. #[must_use] pubfn kind(&self) -> Utf8Prefix<'a> { // SAFETY for all the below unsafe blocks: the path self was originally constructed from was // UTF-8 so any parts of it are valid UTF-8 matchself.0.kind() {
Prefix::Verbatim(prefix) => Utf8Prefix::Verbatim(unsafe { assume_utf8(prefix) }),
Prefix::VerbatimUNC(server, share) => { let server = unsafe { assume_utf8(server) }; let share = unsafe { assume_utf8(share) };
Utf8Prefix::VerbatimUNC(server, share)
}
Prefix::VerbatimDisk(drive) => Utf8Prefix::VerbatimDisk(drive),
Prefix::DeviceNS(prefix) => Utf8Prefix::DeviceNS(unsafe { assume_utf8(prefix) }),
Prefix::UNC(server, share) => { let server = unsafe { assume_utf8(server) }; let share = unsafe { assume_utf8(share) };
Utf8Prefix::UNC(server, share)
}
Prefix::Disk(drive) => Utf8Prefix::Disk(drive),
}
}
/// Returns the [`str`] slice for this prefix. #[must_use] pubfn as_str(&self) -> &'a str { // SAFETY: Utf8PrefixComponent was constructed from a Utf8Path, so it is guaranteed to be // valid UTF-8 unsafe { assume_utf8(self.as_os_str()) }
}
/// Returns the raw [`OsStr`] slice for this prefix. #[must_use] pubfn as_os_str(&self) -> &'a OsStr { self.0.as_os_str()
}
}
/// Iterator over the entries in a directory. /// /// This iterator is returned from [`Utf8Path::read_dir_utf8`] and will yield instances of /// <code>[io::Result]<[Utf8DirEntry]></code>. Through a [`Utf8 DirEntry`] information like the entry's path /// and possibly other metadata can be learned. /// /// The order in which this iterator returns entries is platform and filesystem /// dependent. /// /// # Errors /// /// This [`io::Result`] will be an [`Err`] if there's some sort of intermittent /// IO error during iteration. /// /// If a directory entry is not UTF-8, an [`io::Error`] is returned with the /// [`ErrorKind`](io::ErrorKind) set to `InvalidData` and the payload set to a [`FromPathBufError`]. #[derive(Debug)] pubstruct ReadDirUtf8 {
inner: fs::ReadDir,
}
impl Iterator for ReadDirUtf8 { type Item = io::Result<Utf8DirEntry>;
/// Entries returned by the [`ReadDirUtf8`] iterator. /// /// An instance of `Utf8DirEntry` represents an entry inside of a directory on the filesystem. Each /// entry can be inspected via methods to learn about the full path or possibly other metadata. #[derive(Debug)] pubstruct Utf8DirEntry {
inner: fs::DirEntry,
path: Utf8PathBuf,
}
/// Returns the full path to the file that this entry represents. /// /// The full path is created by joining the original path to `read_dir` /// with the filename of this entry. /// /// # Examples /// /// ```no_run /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// fn main() -> std::io::Result<()> { /// for entry in Utf8Path::new(".").read_dir_utf8()? { /// let dir = entry?; /// println!("{}", dir.path()); /// } /// Ok(()) /// } /// ``` /// /// This prints output like: /// /// ```text /// ./whatever.txt /// ./foo.html /// ./hello_world.rs /// ``` /// /// The exact text, of course, depends on what files you have in `.`. #[inline] pubfn path(&self) -> &Utf8Path {
&self.path
}
/// Returns the metadata for the file that this entry points at. /// /// This function will not traverse symlinks if this entry points at a symlink. To traverse /// symlinks use [`Utf8Path::metadata`] or [`fs::File::metadata`]. /// /// # Platform-specific behavior /// /// On Windows this function is cheap to call (no extra system calls /// needed), but on Unix platforms this function is the equivalent of /// calling `symlink_metadata` on the path. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// if let Ok(entries) = Utf8Path::new(".").read_dir_utf8() { /// for entry in entries { /// if let Ok(entry) = entry { /// // Here, `entry` is a `Utf8DirEntry`. /// if let Ok(metadata) = entry.metadata() { /// // Now let's show our entry's permissions! /// println!("{}: {:?}", entry.path(), metadata.permissions()); /// } else { /// println!("Couldn't get metadata for {}", entry.path()); /// } /// } /// } /// } /// ``` #[inline] pubfn metadata(&self) -> io::Result<Metadata> { self.inner.metadata()
}
/// Returns the file type for the file that this entry points at. /// /// This function will not traverse symlinks if this entry points at a /// symlink. /// /// # Platform-specific behavior /// /// On Windows and most Unix platforms this function is free (no extra /// system calls needed), but some Unix platforms may require the equivalent /// call to `symlink_metadata` to learn about the target file type. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// if let Ok(entries) = Utf8Path::new(".").read_dir_utf8() { /// for entry in entries { /// if let Ok(entry) = entry { /// // Here, `entry` is a `DirEntry`. /// if let Ok(file_type) = entry.file_type() { /// // Now let's show our entry's file type! /// println!("{}: {:?}", entry.path(), file_type); /// } else { /// println!("Couldn't get file type for {}", entry.path()); /// } /// } /// } /// } /// ``` #[inline] pubfn file_type(&self) -> io::Result<fs::FileType> { self.inner.file_type()
}
/// Returns the bare file name of this directory entry without any other /// leading path component. /// /// # Examples /// /// ``` /// use camino::Utf8Path; /// /// if let Ok(entries) = Utf8Path::new(".").read_dir_utf8() { /// for entry in entries { /// if let Ok(entry) = entry { /// // Here, `entry` is a `DirEntry`. /// println!("{}", entry.file_name()); /// } /// } /// } /// ``` pubfn file_name(&self) -> &str { self.path
.file_name()
.expect("path created through DirEntry must have a filename")
}
/// Returns the original [`fs::DirEntry`] within this [`Utf8DirEntry`]. #[inline] pubfn into_inner(self) -> fs::DirEntry { self.inner
}
}
impl From<&'_ Utf8Path> for Arc<Utf8Path> { fn from(path: &Utf8Path) -> Arc<Utf8Path> { let arc: Arc<Path> = Arc::from(AsRef::<Path>::as_ref(path)); let ptr = Arc::into_raw(arc) as *const Utf8Path; // SAFETY: // * path is valid UTF-8 // * ptr was created by consuming an Arc<Path> so it represents an arced pointer // * Utf8Path is marked as #[repr(transparent)] so the conversion from *const Path to // *const Utf8Path is valid unsafe { Arc::from_raw(ptr) }
}
}
impl From<&'_ Utf8Path> for Rc<Utf8Path> { fn from(path: &Utf8Path) -> Rc<Utf8Path> { let rc: Rc<Path> = Rc::from(AsRef::<Path>::as_ref(path)); let ptr = Rc::into_raw(rc) as *const Utf8Path; // SAFETY: // * path is valid UTF-8 // * ptr was created by consuming an Rc<Path> so it represents an rced pointer // * Utf8Path is marked as #[repr(transparent)] so the conversion from *const Path to // *const Utf8Path is valid unsafe { Rc::from_raw(ptr) }
}
}
impl From<Utf8PathBuf> for Arc<Utf8Path> { fn from(path: Utf8PathBuf) -> Arc<Utf8Path> { let arc: Arc<Path> = Arc::from(path.0); let ptr = Arc::into_raw(arc) as *const Utf8Path; // SAFETY: // * path is valid UTF-8 // * ptr was created by consuming an Arc<Path> so it represents an arced pointer // * Utf8Path is marked as #[repr(transparent)] so the conversion from *const Path to // *const Utf8Path is valid unsafe { Arc::from_raw(ptr) }
}
}
impl From<Utf8PathBuf> for Rc<Utf8Path> { fn from(path: Utf8PathBuf) -> Rc<Utf8Path> { let rc: Rc<Path> = Rc::from(path.0); let ptr = Rc::into_raw(rc) as *const Utf8Path; // SAFETY: // * path is valid UTF-8 // * ptr was created by consuming an Rc<Path> so it represents an rced pointer // * Utf8Path is marked as #[repr(transparent)] so the conversion from *const Path to // *const Utf8Path is valid unsafe { Rc::from_raw(ptr) }
}
}
/// A possible error value while converting a [`PathBuf`] to a [`Utf8PathBuf`].
///
/// Produced by the `TryFrom<PathBuf>` implementation for [`Utf8PathBuf`].
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use camino::{Utf8PathBuf, FromPathBufError};
/// use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
/// use std::ffi::OsStr;
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
/// use std::path::PathBuf;
///
/// let unicode_path = PathBuf::from("/valid/unicode");
/// let utf8_path_buf: Utf8PathBuf = unicode_path.try_into().expect("valid Unicode path succeeded");
///
/// // Paths on Unix can be non-UTF-8.
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// let non_unicode_str = OsStr::from_bytes(b"\xFF\xFF\xFF");
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// let non_unicode_path = PathBuf::from(non_unicode_str);
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// let err: FromPathBufError = Utf8PathBuf::try_from(non_unicode_path.clone())
/// .expect_err("non-Unicode path failed");
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// assert_eq!(err.as_path(), &non_unicode_path);
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// assert_eq!(err.into_path_buf(), non_unicode_path);
/// ```
#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct FromPathBufError {
path: PathBuf,
error: FromPathError,
}
impl FromPathBufError {
/// Returns the [`Path`] slice that was attempted to be converted to [`Utf8PathBuf`].
pub fn as_path(&self) -> &Path {
&self.path
}
/// Returns the [`PathBuf`] that was attempted to be converted to [`Utf8PathBuf`].
pub fn into_path_buf(self) -> PathBuf {
self.path
}
/// Fetches a [`FromPathError`] for more about the conversion failure.
///
/// At the moment this struct does not contain any additional information, but is provided for
/// completeness.
pub fn from_path_error(&self) -> FromPathError {
self.error
}
/// Converts self into a [`std::io::Error`] with kind
/// [`InvalidData`](io::ErrorKind::InvalidData).
///
/// Many users of `FromPathBufError` will want to convert it into an `io::Error`. This is a
/// convenience method to do that.
pub fn into_io_error(self) -> io::Error {
// NOTE: we don't currently implement `From<FromPathBufError> for io::Error` because we want
// to ensure the user actually desires that conversion.
io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, self)
}
}
/// A possible error value while converting a [`Path`] to a [`Utf8Path`].
///
/// Produced by the `TryFrom<&Path>` implementation for [`&Utf8Path`](Utf8Path).
///
///
/// # Examples
///
/// ```
/// use camino::{Utf8Path, FromPathError};
/// use std::convert::{TryFrom, TryInto};
/// use std::ffi::OsStr;
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
/// use std::path::Path;
///
/// let unicode_path = Path::new("/valid/unicode");
/// let utf8_path: &Utf8Path = unicode_path.try_into().expect("valid Unicode path succeeded");
///
/// // Paths on Unix can be non-UTF-8.
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// let non_unicode_str = OsStr::from_bytes(b"\xFF\xFF\xFF");
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// let non_unicode_path = Path::new(non_unicode_str);
/// # #[cfg(unix)]
/// let err: FromPathError = <&Utf8Path>::try_from(non_unicode_path)
/// .expect_err("non-Unicode path failed");
/// ```
#[derive(Copy, Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
pub struct FromPathError(());
impl FromPathError {
/// Converts self into a [`std::io::Error`] with kind
/// [`InvalidData`](io::ErrorKind::InvalidData).
///
/// Many users of `FromPathError` will want to convert it into an `io::Error`. This is a
/// convenience method to do that.
pub fn into_io_error(self) -> io::Error {
// NOTE: we don't currently implement `From<FromPathBufError> for io::Error` because we want
// to ensure the user actually desires that conversion.
io::Error::new(io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, self)
}
}
Die Informationen auf dieser Webseite wurden
nach bestem Wissen sorgfältig zusammengestellt. Es wird jedoch weder Vollständigkeit, noch Richtigkeit,
noch Qualität der bereit gestellten Informationen zugesichert.
Bemerkung:
Die farbliche Syntaxdarstellung und die Messung sind noch experimentell.