//! Lower-level client connection API. //! //! The types in this module are to provide a lower-level API based around a //! single connection. Connecting to a host, pooling connections, and the like //! are not handled at this level. This module provides the building blocks to //! customize those things externally. //! //! If don't have need to manage connections yourself, consider using the //! higher-level [Client](super) API. //! //! ## Example //! A simple example that uses the `SendRequest` struct to talk HTTP over a Tokio TCP stream //! ```no_run //! # #[cfg(all(feature = "client", feature = "http1", feature = "runtime"))] //! # mod rt { //! use tower::ServiceExt; //! use http::{Request, StatusCode}; //! use hyper::{client::conn, Body}; //! use tokio::net::TcpStream; //! //! #[tokio::main] //! async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> { //! let target_stream = TcpStream::connect("example.com:80").await?; //! //! let (mut request_sender, connection) = conn::handshake(target_stream).await?; //! //! // spawn a task to poll the connection and drive the HTTP state //! tokio::spawn(async move { //! if let Err(e) = connection.await { //! eprintln!("Error in connection: {}", e); //! } //! }); //! //! let request = Request::builder() //! // We need to manually add the host header because SendRequest does not //! .header("Host", "example.com") //! .method("GET") //! .body(Body::from(""))?; //! let response = request_sender.send_request(request).await?; //! assert!(response.status() == StatusCode::OK); //! //! // To send via the same connection again, it may not work as it may not be ready, //! // so we have to wait until the request_sender becomes ready. //! request_sender.ready().await?; //! let request = Request::builder() //! .header("Host", "example.com") //! .method("GET") //! .body(Body::from(""))?; //! let response = request_sender.send_request(request).await?; //! assert!(response.status() == StatusCode::OK); //! Ok(()) //! } //! //! # } //! ```
use std::error::Error as StdError; use std::fmt; #[cfg(not(all(feature = "http1", feature = "http2")))] use std::marker::PhantomData; use std::sync::Arc; #[cfg(all(feature = "runtime", feature = "http2"))] use std::time::Duration;
use bytes::Bytes; use futures_util::future::{self, Either, FutureExt as _}; use httparse::ParserConfig; use pin_project_lite::pin_project; use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncWrite}; use tower_service::Service; use tracing::{debug, trace};
/// Returns a handshake future over some IO. /// /// This is a shortcut for `Builder::new().handshake(io)`. /// See [`client::conn`](crate::client::conn) for more. pubasyncfn handshake<T>(
io: T,
) -> crate::Result<(SendRequest<crate::Body>, Connection<T, crate::Body>)> where
T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin + Send + 'static,
{
Builder::new().handshake(io).await
}
/// The sender side of an established connection. pubstruct SendRequest<B> {
dispatch: dispatch::Sender<Request<B>, Response<Body>>,
}
/// A future that processes all HTTP state for the IO object. /// /// In most cases, this should just be spawned into an executor, so that it /// can process incoming and outgoing messages, notice hangups, and the like. #[must_use = "futures do nothing unless polled"] pubstruct Connection<T, B> where
T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Send + 'static,
B: HttpBody + 'static,
{
inner: Option<ProtoClient<T, B>>,
}
/// A builder to configure an HTTP connection. /// /// After setting options, the builder is used to create a handshake future. #[derive(Clone, Debug)] pubstruct Builder { pub(super) exec: Exec,
h09_responses: bool,
h1_parser_config: ParserConfig,
h1_writev: Option<bool>,
h1_title_case_headers: bool,
h1_preserve_header_case: bool, #[cfg(feature = "ffi")]
h1_preserve_header_order: bool,
h1_read_buf_exact_size: Option<usize>,
h1_max_buf_size: Option<usize>, #[cfg(feature = "ffi")]
h1_headers_raw: bool, #[cfg(feature = "http2")]
h2_builder: proto::h2::client::Config,
version: Proto,
}
/// A future returned by `SendRequest::send_request`. /// /// Yields a `Response` if successful. #[must_use = "futures do nothing unless polled"] pubstruct ResponseFuture {
inner: ResponseFutureState,
}
enum ResponseFutureState {
Waiting(dispatch::Promise<Response<Body>>), // Option is to be able to `take()` it in `poll`
Error(Option<crate::Error>),
}
/// Deconstructed parts of a `Connection`. /// /// This allows taking apart a `Connection` at a later time, in order to /// reclaim the IO object, and additional related pieces. #[derive(Debug)] pubstruct Parts<T> { /// The original IO object used in the handshake. pub io: T, /// A buffer of bytes that have been read but not processed as HTTP. /// /// For instance, if the `Connection` is used for an HTTP upgrade request, /// it is possible the server sent back the first bytes of the new protocol /// along with the response upgrade. /// /// You will want to check for any existing bytes if you plan to continue /// communicating on the IO object. pub read_buf: Bytes,
_inner: (),
}
// ========== internal client api
// A `SendRequest` that can be cloned to send HTTP2 requests. // private for now, probably not a great idea of a type... #[must_use = "futures do nothing unless polled"] #[cfg(feature = "http2")] pub(super) struct Http2SendRequest<B> {
dispatch: dispatch::UnboundedSender<Request<B>, Response<Body>>,
}
// ===== impl SendRequest
impl<B> SendRequest<B> { /// Polls to determine whether this sender can be used yet for a request. /// /// If the associated connection is closed, this returns an Error. pubfn poll_ready(&mutself, cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<crate::Result<()>> { self.dispatch.poll_ready(cx)
}
impl<B> SendRequest<B> where
B: HttpBody + 'static,
{ /// Sends a `Request` on the associated connection. /// /// Returns a future that if successful, yields the `Response`. /// /// # Note /// /// There are some key differences in what automatic things the `Client` /// does for you that will not be done here: /// /// - `Client` requires absolute-form `Uri`s, since the scheme and /// authority are needed to connect. They aren't required here. /// - Since the `Client` requires absolute-form `Uri`s, it can add /// the `Host` header based on it. You must add a `Host` header yourself /// before calling this method. /// - Since absolute-form `Uri`s are not required, if received, they will /// be serialized as-is. /// /// # Example /// /// ``` /// # use http::header::HOST; /// # use hyper::client::conn::SendRequest; /// # use hyper::Body; /// use hyper::Request; /// /// # async fn doc(mut tx: SendRequest<Body>) -> hyper::Result<()> { /// // build a Request /// let req = Request::builder() /// .uri("/foo/bar") /// .header(HOST, "hyper.rs") /// .body(Body::empty()) /// .unwrap(); /// /// // send it and await a Response /// let res = tx.send_request(req).await?; /// // assert the Response /// assert!(res.status().is_success()); /// # Ok(()) /// # } /// # fn main() {} /// ``` pubfn send_request(&mutself, req: Request<B>) -> ResponseFuture { let inner = matchself.dispatch.send(req) {
Ok(rx) => ResponseFutureState::Waiting(rx),
Err(_req) => {
debug!("connection was not ready"); let err = crate::Error::new_canceled().with("connection was not ready");
ResponseFutureState::Error(Some(err))
}
};
ResponseFuture { inner }
}
pub(super) fn send_request_retryable(
&mutself,
req: Request<B>,
) -> impl Future<Output = Result<Response<Body>, (crate::Error, Option<Request<B>>)>> + Unpin where
B: Send,
{ matchself.dispatch.try_send(req) {
Ok(rx) => {
Either::Left(rx.then(move |res| { match res {
Ok(Ok(res)) => future::ok(res),
Ok(Err(err)) => future::err(err), // this is definite bug if it happens, but it shouldn't happen!
Err(_) => panic!("dispatch dropped without returning error"),
}
}))
}
Err(req) => {
debug!("connection was not ready"); let err = crate::Error::new_canceled().with("connection was not ready");
Either::Right(future::err((err, Some(req))))
}
}
}
}
impl<B> Service<Request<B>> for SendRequest<B> where
B: HttpBody + 'static,
{ type Response = Response<Body>; type Error = crate::Error; type Future = ResponseFuture;
/// Poll the connection for completion, but without calling `shutdown` /// on the underlying IO. /// /// This is useful to allow running a connection while doing an HTTP /// upgrade. Once the upgrade is completed, the connection would be "done", /// but it is not desired to actually shutdown the IO object. Instead you /// would take it back using `into_parts`. /// /// Use [`poll_fn`](https://docs.rs/futures/0.1.25/futures/future/fn.poll_fn.html) /// and [`try_ready!`](https://docs.rs/futures/0.1.25/futures/macro.try_ready.html) /// to work with this function; or use the `without_shutdown` wrapper. pubfn poll_without_shutdown(&mutself, cx: &mut task::Context<'_>) -> Poll<crate::Result<()>> { match *self.inner.as_mut().expect("already upgraded") { #[cfg(feature = "http1")]
ProtoClient::H1 { refmut h1 } => h1.poll_without_shutdown(cx), #[cfg(feature = "http2")]
ProtoClient::H2 { refmut h2, .. } => Pin::new(h2).poll(cx).map_ok(|_| ()),
/// Prevent shutdown of the underlying IO object at the end of service the request, /// instead run `into_parts`. This is a convenience wrapper over `poll_without_shutdown`. pubfn without_shutdown(self) -> impl Future<Output = crate::Result<Parts<T>>> { letmut conn = Some(self);
future::poll_fn(move |cx| -> Poll<crate::Result<Parts<T>>> {
ready!(conn.as_mut().unwrap().poll_without_shutdown(cx))?;
Poll::Ready(Ok(conn.take().unwrap().into_parts()))
})
}
/// Returns whether the [extended CONNECT protocol][1] is enabled or not. /// /// This setting is configured by the server peer by sending the /// [`SETTINGS_ENABLE_CONNECT_PROTOCOL` parameter][2] in a `SETTINGS` frame. /// This method returns the currently acknowledged value received from the /// remote. /// /// [1]: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8441#section-4 /// [2]: https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/html/rfc8441#section-3 #[cfg(feature = "http2")] pubfn http2_is_extended_connect_protocol_enabled(&self) -> bool { matchself.inner.as_ref().unwrap() {
ProtoClient::H1 { .. } => false,
ProtoClient::H2 { h2 } => h2.is_extended_connect_protocol_enabled(),
}
}
}
/// Provide an executor to execute background HTTP2 tasks. pubfn executor<E>(&mutself, exec: E) -> &mutBuilder where
E: Executor<BoxSendFuture> + Send + Sync + 'static,
{ self.exec = Exec::Executor(Arc::new(exec)); self
}
/// Set whether HTTP/0.9 responses should be tolerated. /// /// Default is false. pubfn http09_responses(&mutself, enabled: bool) -> &mut Builder { self.h09_responses = enabled; self
}
/// Set whether HTTP/1 connections will accept spaces between header names /// and the colon that follow them in responses. /// /// You probably don't need this, here is what [RFC 7230 Section 3.2.4.] has /// to say about it: /// /// > No whitespace is allowed between the header field-name and colon. In /// > the past, differences in the handling of such whitespace have led to /// > security vulnerabilities in request routing and response handling. A /// > server MUST reject any received request message that contains /// > whitespace between a header field-name and colon with a response code /// > of 400 (Bad Request). A proxy MUST remove any such whitespace from a /// > response message before forwarding the message downstream. /// /// Note that this setting does not affect HTTP/2. /// /// Default is false. /// /// [RFC 7230 Section 3.2.4.]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.4 pubfn http1_allow_spaces_after_header_name_in_responses(
&mutself,
enabled: bool,
) -> &mut Builder { self.h1_parser_config
.allow_spaces_after_header_name_in_responses(enabled); self
}
/// Set whether HTTP/1 connections will accept obsolete line folding for /// header values. /// /// Newline codepoints (`\r` and `\n`) will be transformed to spaces when /// parsing. /// /// You probably don't need this, here is what [RFC 7230 Section 3.2.4.] has /// to say about it: /// /// > A server that receives an obs-fold in a request message that is not /// > within a message/http container MUST either reject the message by /// > sending a 400 (Bad Request), preferably with a representation /// > explaining that obsolete line folding is unacceptable, or replace /// > each received obs-fold with one or more SP octets prior to /// > interpreting the field value or forwarding the message downstream. /// /// > A proxy or gateway that receives an obs-fold in a response message /// > that is not within a message/http container MUST either discard the /// > message and replace it with a 502 (Bad Gateway) response, preferably /// > with a representation explaining that unacceptable line folding was /// > received, or replace each received obs-fold with one or more SP /// > octets prior to interpreting the field value or forwarding the /// > message downstream. /// /// > A user agent that receives an obs-fold in a response message that is /// > not within a message/http container MUST replace each received /// > obs-fold with one or more SP octets prior to interpreting the field /// > value. /// /// Note that this setting does not affect HTTP/2. /// /// Default is false. /// /// [RFC 7230 Section 3.2.4.]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-3.2.4 pubfn http1_allow_obsolete_multiline_headers_in_responses(
&mutself,
enabled: bool,
) -> &mut Builder { self.h1_parser_config
.allow_obsolete_multiline_headers_in_responses(enabled); self
}
/// Set whether HTTP/1 connections will silently ignored malformed header lines. /// /// If this is enabled and and a header line does not start with a valid header /// name, or does not include a colon at all, the line will be silently ignored /// and no error will be reported. /// /// Note that this setting does not affect HTTP/2. /// /// Default is false. pubfn http1_ignore_invalid_headers_in_responses(
&mutself,
enabled: bool,
) -> &mut Builder { self.h1_parser_config
.ignore_invalid_headers_in_responses(enabled); self
}
/// Set whether HTTP/1 connections should try to use vectored writes, /// or always flatten into a single buffer. /// /// Note that setting this to false may mean more copies of body data, /// but may also improve performance when an IO transport doesn't /// support vectored writes well, such as most TLS implementations. /// /// Setting this to true will force hyper to use queued strategy /// which may eliminate unnecessary cloning on some TLS backends /// /// Default is `auto`. In this mode hyper will try to guess which /// mode to use pubfn http1_writev(&mutself, enabled: bool) -> &mut Builder { self.h1_writev = Some(enabled); self
}
/// Set whether HTTP/1 connections will write header names as title case at /// the socket level. /// /// Note that this setting does not affect HTTP/2. /// /// Default is false. pubfn http1_title_case_headers(&mutself, enabled: bool) -> &style='color:red'>mut Builder { self.h1_title_case_headers = enabled; self
}
/// Set whether to support preserving original header cases. /// /// Currently, this will record the original cases received, and store them /// in a private extension on the `Response`. It will also look for and use /// such an extension in any provided `Request`. /// /// Since the relevant extension is still private, there is no way to /// interact with the original cases. The only effect this can have now is /// to forward the cases in a proxy-like fashion. /// /// Note that this setting does not affect HTTP/2. /// /// Default is false. pubfn http1_preserve_header_case(&mutself, enabled: bool) -> &n style='color:red'>mut Builder { self.h1_preserve_header_case = enabled; self
}
/// Set whether to support preserving original header order. /// /// Currently, this will record the order in which headers are received, and store this /// ordering in a private extension on the `Response`. It will also look for and use /// such an extension in any provided `Request`. /// /// Note that this setting does not affect HTTP/2. /// /// Default is false. #[cfg(feature = "ffi")] pubfn http1_preserve_header_order(&mutself, enabled: bool) -> &an style='color:red'>mut Builder { self.h1_preserve_header_order = enabled; self
}
/// Sets the exact size of the read buffer to *always* use. /// /// Note that setting this option unsets the `http1_max_buf_size` option. /// /// Default is an adaptive read buffer. pubfn http1_read_buf_exact_size(&mutself, sz: Option<usize>) -> &an style='color:red'>mut Builder { self.h1_read_buf_exact_size = sz; self.h1_max_buf_size = None; self
}
/// Set the maximum buffer size for the connection. /// /// Default is ~400kb. /// /// Note that setting this option unsets the `http1_read_exact_buf_size` option. /// /// # Panics /// /// The minimum value allowed is 8192. This method panics if the passed `max` is less than the minimum. #[cfg(feature = "http1")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http1")))] pubfn http1_max_buf_size(&mutself, max: usize) -> &mutSelf {
assert!(
max >= proto::h1::MINIMUM_MAX_BUFFER_SIZE, "the max_buf_size cannot be smaller than the minimum that h1 specifies."
);
/// Sets the [`SETTINGS_INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE`][spec] option for HTTP2 /// stream-level flow control. /// /// Passing `None` will do nothing. /// /// If not set, hyper will use a default. /// /// [spec]: https://http2.github.io/http2-spec/#SETTINGS_INITIAL_WINDOW_SIZE #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_initial_stream_window_size(&mutself, sz: impl Into<Option<u32>>) -> &mutSelf { iflet Some(sz) = sz.into() { self.h2_builder.adaptive_window = false; self.h2_builder.initial_stream_window_size = sz;
} self
}
/// Sets the max connection-level flow control for HTTP2 /// /// Passing `None` will do nothing. /// /// If not set, hyper will use a default. #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_initial_connection_window_size(
&mutself,
sz: impl Into<Option<u32>>,
) -> &mutSelf { iflet Some(sz) = sz.into() { self.h2_builder.adaptive_window = false; self.h2_builder.initial_conn_window_size = sz;
} self
}
/// Sets whether to use an adaptive flow control. /// /// Enabling this will override the limits set in /// `http2_initial_stream_window_size` and /// `http2_initial_connection_window_size`. #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_adaptive_window(&mutself, enabled: bool) -> &le='color:red'>mutSelf { use proto::h2::SPEC_WINDOW_SIZE;
/// Sets the maximum frame size to use for HTTP2. /// /// Passing `None` will do nothing. /// /// If not set, hyper will use a default. #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_max_frame_size(&mutself, sz: impl Into<Option<u32>>) -> &pan style='color:red'>mut Self { iflet Some(sz) = sz.into() { self.h2_builder.max_frame_size = sz;
} self
}
/// Sets an interval for HTTP2 Ping frames should be sent to keep a /// connection alive. /// /// Pass `None` to disable HTTP2 keep-alive. /// /// Default is currently disabled. /// /// # Cargo Feature /// /// Requires the `runtime` cargo feature to be enabled. #[cfg(feature = "runtime")] #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_keep_alive_interval(
&mutself,
interval: impl Into<Option<Duration>>,
) -> &mutSelf { self.h2_builder.keep_alive_interval = interval.into(); self
}
/// Sets a timeout for receiving an acknowledgement of the keep-alive ping. /// /// If the ping is not acknowledged within the timeout, the connection will /// be closed. Does nothing if `http2_keep_alive_interval` is disabled. /// /// Default is 20 seconds. /// /// # Cargo Feature /// /// Requires the `runtime` cargo feature to be enabled. #[cfg(feature = "runtime")] #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_keep_alive_timeout(&mutself, timeout: Duration) -> &pan style='color:red'>mut Self { self.h2_builder.keep_alive_timeout = timeout; self
}
/// Sets whether HTTP2 keep-alive should apply while the connection is idle. /// /// If disabled, keep-alive pings are only sent while there are open /// request/responses streams. If enabled, pings are also sent when no /// streams are active. Does nothing if `http2_keep_alive_interval` is /// disabled. /// /// Default is `false`. /// /// # Cargo Feature /// /// Requires the `runtime` cargo feature to be enabled. #[cfg(feature = "runtime")] #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_keep_alive_while_idle(&mutself, enabled: bool) -> &an style='color:red'>mut Self { self.h2_builder.keep_alive_while_idle = enabled; self
}
/// Sets the maximum number of HTTP2 concurrent locally reset streams. /// /// See the documentation of [`h2::client::Builder::max_concurrent_reset_streams`] for more /// details. /// /// The default value is determined by the `h2` crate. /// /// [`h2::client::Builder::max_concurrent_reset_streams`]: https://docs.rs/h2/client/struct.Builder.html#method.max_concurrent_reset_streams #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_max_concurrent_reset_streams(&mutself, max: usize) -> &mutSelf { self.h2_builder.max_concurrent_reset_streams = Some(max); self
}
/// Set the maximum write buffer size for each HTTP/2 stream. /// /// Default is currently 1MB, but may change. /// /// # Panics /// /// The value must be no larger than `u32::MAX`. #[cfg(feature = "http2")] #[cfg_attr(docsrs, doc(cfg(feature = "http2")))] pubfn http2_max_send_buf_size(&mutself, max: usize) -> &e='color:red'>mutSelf {
assert!(max <= std::u32::MAX as usize); self.h2_builder.max_send_buffer_size = max; self
}
/// Constructs a connection with the configured options and IO. /// See [`client::conn`](crate::client::conn) for more. /// /// Note, if [`Connection`] is not `await`-ed, [`SendRequest`] will /// do nothing. pubfn handshake<T, B>(
&self,
io: T,
) -> impl Future<Output = crate::Result<(SendRequest<B>, Connection<T, B>)>> where
T: AsyncRead + AsyncWrite + Unpin + Send + 'static,
B: HttpBody + 'static,
B::Data: Send,
B::Error: Into<Box<dyn StdError + Send + Sync>>,
{ let opts = self.clone();
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