// Copyright 2018 Amanieu d'Antras // // Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0, <LICENSE-APACHE or // http://apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT license <LICENSE-MIT or // http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your option. This file may not be // copied, modified, or distributed except according to those terms.
use core::cell::UnsafeCell; use core::fmt; use core::marker::PhantomData; use core::mem; use core::ops::{Deref, DerefMut};
#[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] use alloc::sync::Arc; #[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] use core::mem::ManuallyDrop; #[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] use core::ptr;
#[cfg(feature = "owning_ref")] use owning_ref::StableAddress;
#[cfg(feature = "serde")] use serde::{Deserialize, Deserializer, Serialize, Serializer};
/// Basic operations for a mutex. /// /// Types implementing this trait can be used by `Mutex` to form a safe and /// fully-functioning mutex type. /// /// # Safety /// /// Implementations of this trait must ensure that the mutex is actually /// exclusive: a lock can't be acquired while the mutex is already locked. pubunsafetrait RawMutex { /// Initial value for an unlocked mutex. // A “non-constant” const item is a legacy way to supply an initialized value to downstream // static items. Can hopefully be replaced with `const fn new() -> Self` at some point. #[allow(clippy::declare_interior_mutable_const)] const INIT: Self;
/// Marker type which determines whether a lock guard should be `Send`. Use /// one of the `GuardSend` or `GuardNoSend` helper types here. type GuardMarker;
/// Acquires this mutex, blocking the current thread until it is able to do so. fn lock(&self);
/// Attempts to acquire this mutex without blocking. Returns `true` /// if the lock was successfully acquired and `false` otherwise. fn try_lock(&self) -> bool;
/// Unlocks this mutex. /// /// # Safety /// /// This method may only be called if the mutex is held in the current context, i.e. it must /// be paired with a successful call to [`lock`], [`try_lock`], [`try_lock_for`] or [`try_lock_until`]. /// /// [`lock`]: #tymethod.lock /// [`try_lock`]: #tymethod.try_lock /// [`try_lock_for`]: trait.RawMutexTimed.html#tymethod.try_lock_for /// [`try_lock_until`]: trait.RawMutexTimed.html#tymethod.try_lock_until unsafefn unlock(&self);
/// Checks whether the mutex is currently locked. #[inline] fn is_locked(&self) -> bool { let acquired_lock = self.try_lock(); if acquired_lock { // Safety: The lock has been successfully acquired above. unsafe { self.unlock();
}
}
!acquired_lock
}
}
/// Additional methods for mutexes which support fair unlocking. /// /// Fair unlocking means that a lock is handed directly over to the next waiting /// thread if there is one, without giving other threads the opportunity to /// "steal" the lock in the meantime. This is typically slower than unfair /// unlocking, but may be necessary in certain circumstances. pubunsafetrait RawMutexFair: RawMutex { /// Unlocks this mutex using a fair unlock protocol. /// /// # Safety /// /// This method may only be called if the mutex is held in the current context, see /// the documentation of [`unlock`]. /// /// [`unlock`]: trait.RawMutex.html#tymethod.unlock unsafefn unlock_fair(&self);
/// Temporarily yields the mutex to a waiting thread if there is one. /// /// This method is functionally equivalent to calling `unlock_fair` followed /// by `lock`, however it can be much more efficient in the case where there /// are no waiting threads. /// /// # Safety /// /// This method may only be called if the mutex is held in the current context, see /// the documentation of [`unlock`]. /// /// [`unlock`]: trait.RawMutex.html#tymethod.unlock unsafefn bump(&self) { self.unlock_fair(); self.lock();
}
}
/// Additional methods for mutexes which support locking with timeouts. /// /// The `Duration` and `Instant` types are specified as associated types so that /// this trait is usable even in `no_std` environments. pubunsafetrait RawMutexTimed: RawMutex { /// Duration type used for `try_lock_for`. type Duration;
/// Instant type used for `try_lock_until`. type Instant;
/// Attempts to acquire this lock until a timeout is reached. fn try_lock_for(&self, timeout: Self::Duration) -> bool;
/// Attempts to acquire this lock until a timeout is reached. fn try_lock_until(&self, timeout: Self::Instant) -> bool;
}
/// A mutual exclusion primitive useful for protecting shared data /// /// This mutex will block threads waiting for the lock to become available. The /// mutex can also be statically initialized or created via a `new` /// constructor. Each mutex has a type parameter which represents the data that /// it is protecting. The data can only be accessed through the RAII guards /// returned from `lock` and `try_lock`, which guarantees that the data is only /// ever accessed when the mutex is locked. pubstruct Mutex<R, T: ?Sized> {
raw: R,
data: UnsafeCell<T>,
}
impl<R: RawMutex, T> Mutex<R, T> { /// Creates a new mutex in an unlocked state ready for use. #[cfg(has_const_fn_trait_bound)] #[inline] pubconstfn new(val: T) -> Mutex<R, T> {
Mutex {
raw: R::INIT,
data: UnsafeCell::new(val),
}
}
/// Creates a new mutex in an unlocked state ready for use. #[cfg(not(has_const_fn_trait_bound))] #[inline] pubfn new(val: T) -> Mutex<R, T> {
Mutex {
raw: R::INIT,
data: UnsafeCell::new(val),
}
}
/// Consumes this mutex, returning the underlying data. #[inline] pubfn into_inner(self) -> T { self.data.into_inner()
}
}
impl<R, T> Mutex<R, T> { /// Creates a new mutex based on a pre-existing raw mutex. /// /// This allows creating a mutex in a constant context on stable Rust. #[inline] pubconstfn const_new(raw_mutex: R, val: T) -> Mutex<R, T> {
Mutex {
raw: raw_mutex,
data: UnsafeCell::new(val),
}
}
}
impl<R: RawMutex, T: ?Sized> Mutex<R, T> { /// # Safety /// /// The lock must be held when calling this method. #[inline] unsafefn guard(&self) -> MutexGuard<'_, R, T> {
MutexGuard {
mutex: self,
marker: PhantomData,
}
}
/// Acquires a mutex, blocking the current thread until it is able to do so. /// /// This function will block the local thread until it is available to acquire /// the mutex. Upon returning, the thread is the only thread with the mutex /// held. An RAII guard is returned to allow scoped unlock of the lock. When /// the guard goes out of scope, the mutex will be unlocked. /// /// Attempts to lock a mutex in the thread which already holds the lock will /// result in a deadlock. #[inline] pubfn lock(&self) -> MutexGuard<'_, R, T> { self.raw.lock(); // SAFETY: The lock is held, as required. unsafe { self.guard() }
}
/// Attempts to acquire this lock. /// /// If the lock could not be acquired at this time, then `None` is returned. /// Otherwise, an RAII guard is returned. The lock will be unlocked when the /// guard is dropped. /// /// This function does not block. #[inline] pubfn try_lock(&self) -> Option<MutexGuard<'_, R, T>> { ifself.raw.try_lock() { // SAFETY: The lock is held, as required.
Some(unsafe { self.guard() })
} else {
None
}
}
/// Returns a mutable reference to the underlying data. /// /// Since this call borrows the `Mutex` mutably, no actual locking needs to /// take place---the mutable borrow statically guarantees no locks exist. #[inline] pubfn get_mut(&mutself) -> &mut T { unsafe { &mut *self.data.get() }
}
/// Checks whether the mutex is currently locked. #[inline] pubfn is_locked(&self) -> bool { self.raw.is_locked()
}
/// Forcibly unlocks the mutex. /// /// This is useful when combined with `mem::forget` to hold a lock without /// the need to maintain a `MutexGuard` object alive, for example when /// dealing with FFI. /// /// # Safety /// /// This method must only be called if the current thread logically owns a /// `MutexGuard` but that guard has be discarded using `mem::forget`. /// Behavior is undefined if a mutex is unlocked when not locked. #[inline] pubunsafefn force_unlock(&self) { self.raw.unlock();
}
/// Returns the underlying raw mutex object. /// /// Note that you will most likely need to import the `RawMutex` trait from /// `lock_api` to be able to call functions on the raw mutex. /// /// # Safety /// /// This method is unsafe because it allows unlocking a mutex while /// still holding a reference to a `MutexGuard`. #[inline] pubunsafefn raw(&self) -> &R {
&self.raw
}
/// Returns a raw pointer to the underlying data. /// /// This is useful when combined with `mem::forget` to hold a lock without /// the need to maintain a `MutexGuard` object alive, for example when /// dealing with FFI. /// /// # Safety /// /// You must ensure that there are no data races when dereferencing the /// returned pointer, for example if the current thread logically owns /// a `MutexGuard` but that guard has been discarded using `mem::forget`. #[inline] pubfn data_ptr(&self) -> *mut T { self.data.get()
}
/// # Safety /// /// The lock needs to be held for the behavior of this function to be defined. #[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] #[inline] unsafefn guard_arc(self: &Arc<Self>) -> ArcMutexGuard<R, T> {
ArcMutexGuard {
mutex: self.clone(),
marker: PhantomData,
}
}
/// Acquires a lock through an `Arc`. /// /// This method is similar to the `lock` method; however, it requires the `Mutex` to be inside of an `Arc` /// and the resulting mutex guard has no lifetime requirements. #[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] #[inline] pubfn lock_arc(self: &Arc<Self>) -> ArcMutexGuard<R, T> { self.raw.lock(); // SAFETY: the locking guarantee is upheld unsafe { self.guard_arc() }
}
/// Attempts to acquire a lock through an `Arc`. /// /// This method is similar to the `try_lock` method; however, it requires the `Mutex` to be inside of an /// `Arc` and the resulting mutex guard has no lifetime requirements. #[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] #[inline] pubfn try_lock_arc(self: &Arc<Self>) -> Option<ArcMutexGuard<R, T>> { ifself.raw.try_lock() { // SAFETY: locking guarantee is upheld
Some(unsafe { self.guard_arc() })
} else {
None
}
}
}
impl<R: RawMutexFair, T: ?Sized> Mutex<R, T> { /// Forcibly unlocks the mutex using a fair unlock procotol. /// /// This is useful when combined with `mem::forget` to hold a lock without /// the need to maintain a `MutexGuard` object alive, for example when /// dealing with FFI. /// /// # Safety /// /// This method must only be called if the current thread logically owns a /// `MutexGuard` but that guard has be discarded using `mem::forget`. /// Behavior is undefined if a mutex is unlocked when not locked. #[inline] pubunsafefn force_unlock_fair(&self) { self.raw.unlock_fair();
}
}
impl<R: RawMutexTimed, T: ?Sized> Mutex<R, T> { /// Attempts to acquire this lock until a timeout is reached. /// /// If the lock could not be acquired before the timeout expired, then /// `None` is returned. Otherwise, an RAII guard is returned. The lock will /// be unlocked when the guard is dropped. #[inline] pubfn try_lock_for(&self, timeout: R::Duration) -> Option<MutexGuard<'_, R, T>> { ifself.raw.try_lock_for(timeout) { // SAFETY: The lock is held, as required.
Some(unsafe { self.guard() })
} else {
None
}
}
/// Attempts to acquire this lock until a timeout is reached. /// /// If the lock could not be acquired before the timeout expired, then /// `None` is returned. Otherwise, an RAII guard is returned. The lock will /// be unlocked when the guard is dropped. #[inline] pubfn try_lock_until(&self, timeout: R::Instant) -> Option<MutexGuard<'_, R, T>> { ifself.raw.try_lock_until(timeout) { // SAFETY: The lock is held, as required.
Some(unsafe { self.guard() })
} else {
None
}
}
/// Attempts to acquire this lock through an `Arc` until a timeout is reached. /// /// This method is similar to the `try_lock_for` method; however, it requires the `Mutex` to be inside of an /// `Arc` and the resulting mutex guard has no lifetime requirements. #[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] #[inline] pubfn try_lock_arc_for(self: &Arc<Self>, timeout: R::Duration) -> Option<ArcMutexGuard<R, T>> { ifself.raw.try_lock_for(timeout) { // SAFETY: locking guarantee is upheld
Some(unsafe { self.guard_arc() })
} else {
None
}
}
/// Attempts to acquire this lock through an `Arc` until a timeout is reached. /// /// This method is similar to the `try_lock_until` method; however, it requires the `Mutex` to be inside of /// an `Arc` and the resulting mutex guard has no lifetime requirements. #[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] #[inline] pubfn try_lock_arc_until( self: &Arc<Self>,
timeout: R::Instant,
) -> Option<ArcMutexGuard<R, T>> { ifself.raw.try_lock_until(timeout) { // SAFETY: locking guarantee is upheld
Some(unsafe { self.guard_arc() })
} else {
None
}
}
}
/// An RAII implementation of a "scoped lock" of a mutex. When this structure is /// dropped (falls out of scope), the lock will be unlocked. /// /// The data protected by the mutex can be accessed through this guard via its /// `Deref` and `DerefMut` implementations. #[must_use = "if unused the Mutex will immediately unlock"] pubstruct MutexGuard<'a, R: RawMutex, T: ?Sized> {
mutex: &'a Mutex<R, T>,
marker: PhantomData<(&'a mut T, R::GuardMarker)>,
}
impl<'a, R: RawMutex + 'a, T: ?Sized + 'a> MutexGuard<'a, R, T> { /// Returns a reference to the original `Mutex` object. pubfn mutex(s: &Self) -> &'a Mutex<R, T> {
s.mutex
}
/// Makes a new `MappedMutexGuard` for a component of the locked data. /// /// This operation cannot fail as the `MutexGuard` passed /// in already locked the mutex. /// /// This is an associated function that needs to be /// used as `MutexGuard::map(...)`. A method would interfere with methods of /// the same name on the contents of the locked data. #[inline] pubfn map<U: ?Sized, F>(s: Self, f: F) -> MappedMutexGuard<'a, R, U> where
F: FnOnce(&mut T) -> &mut U,
{ let raw = &s.mutex.raw; let data = f(unsafe { &mut *s.mutex.data.get() });
mem::forget(s);
MappedMutexGuard {
raw,
data,
marker: PhantomData,
}
}
/// Attempts to make a new `MappedMutexGuard` for a component of the /// locked data. The original guard is returned if the closure returns `None`. /// /// This operation cannot fail as the `MutexGuard` passed /// in already locked the mutex. /// /// This is an associated function that needs to be /// used as `MutexGuard::try_map(...)`. A method would interfere with methods of /// the same name on the contents of the locked data. #[inline] pubfn try_map<U: ?Sized, F>(s: Self, f: F) -> Result<MappedMutexGuard<'a, R, U>, Self> where
F: FnOnce(&mut T) -> Option<&mut U>,
{ let raw = &s.mutex.raw; let data = match f(unsafe { &mut *s.mutex.data.get() }) {
Some(data) => data,
None => return Err(s),
};
mem::forget(s);
Ok(MappedMutexGuard {
raw,
data,
marker: PhantomData,
})
}
/// Temporarily unlocks the mutex to execute the given function. /// /// This is safe because `&mut` guarantees that there exist no other /// references to the data protected by the mutex. #[inline] pubfn unlocked<F, U>(s: &mutSelf, f: F) -> U where
F: FnOnce() -> U,
{ // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.mutex.raw.unlock();
}
defer!(s.mutex.raw.lock());
f()
}
/// Leaks the mutex guard and returns a mutable reference to the data /// protected by the mutex. /// /// This will leave the `Mutex` in a locked state. #[inline] pubfn leak(s: Self) -> &'a mut T { let r = unsafe { &mut *s.mutex.data.get() };
mem::forget(s);
r
}
}
impl<'a, R: RawMutexFair + 'a, T: ?Sized + 'a> MutexGuard<'a, R, T> { /// Unlocks the mutex using a fair unlock protocol. /// /// By default, mutexes are unfair and allow the current thread to re-lock /// the mutex before another has the chance to acquire the lock, even if /// that thread has been blocked on the mutex for a long time. This is the /// default because it allows much higher throughput as it avoids forcing a /// context switch on every mutex unlock. This can result in one thread /// acquiring a mutex many more times than other threads. /// /// However in some cases it can be beneficial to ensure fairness by forcing /// the lock to pass on to a waiting thread if there is one. This is done by /// using this method instead of dropping the `MutexGuard` normally. #[inline] pubfn unlock_fair(s: Self) { // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.mutex.raw.unlock_fair();
}
mem::forget(s);
}
/// Temporarily unlocks the mutex to execute the given function. /// /// The mutex is unlocked using a fair unlock protocol. /// /// This is safe because `&mut` guarantees that there exist no other /// references to the data protected by the mutex. #[inline] pubfn unlocked_fair<F, U>(s: &mutSelf, f: F) -> U where
F: FnOnce() -> U,
{ // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.mutex.raw.unlock_fair();
}
defer!(s.mutex.raw.lock());
f()
}
/// Temporarily yields the mutex to a waiting thread if there is one. /// /// This method is functionally equivalent to calling `unlock_fair` followed /// by `lock`, however it can be much more efficient in the case where there /// are no waiting threads. #[inline] pubfn bump(s: &mutSelf) { // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.mutex.raw.bump();
}
}
}
/// An RAII mutex guard returned by the `Arc` locking operations on `Mutex`. /// /// This is similar to the `MutexGuard` struct, except instead of using a reference to unlock the `Mutex` it /// uses an `Arc<Mutex>`. This has several advantages, most notably that it has an `'static` lifetime. #[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] #[must_use = "if unused the Mutex will immediately unlock"] pubstruct ArcMutexGuard<R: RawMutex, T: ?Sized> {
mutex: Arc<Mutex<R, T>>,
marker: PhantomData<*const ()>,
}
#[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] impl<R: RawMutex, T: ?Sized> ArcMutexGuard<R, T> { /// Returns a reference to the `Mutex` this is guarding, contained in its `Arc`. #[inline] pubfn mutex(s: &Self) -> &Arc<Mutex<R, T>> {
&s.mutex
}
/// Unlocks the mutex and returns the `Arc` that was held by the [`ArcMutexGuard`]. #[inline] pubfn into_arc(s: Self) -> Arc<Mutex<R, T>> { // Safety: Skip our Drop impl and manually unlock the mutex. let arc = unsafe { ptr::read(&s.mutex) };
mem::forget(s); unsafe {
arc.raw.unlock();
}
arc
}
/// Temporarily unlocks the mutex to execute the given function. /// /// This is safe because `&mut` guarantees that there exist no other /// references to the data protected by the mutex. #[inline] pubfn unlocked<F, U>(s: &mutSelf, f: F) -> U where
F: FnOnce() -> U,
{ // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.mutex.raw.unlock();
}
defer!(s.mutex.raw.lock());
f()
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] impl<R: RawMutexFair, T: ?Sized> ArcMutexGuard<R, T> { /// Unlocks the mutex using a fair unlock protocol. /// /// This is functionally identical to the `unlock_fair` method on [`MutexGuard`]. #[inline] pubfn unlock_fair(s: Self) { // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.mutex.raw.unlock_fair();
}
// SAFETY: make sure the Arc gets it reference decremented letmut s = ManuallyDrop::new(s); unsafe { ptr::drop_in_place(&mut s.mutex) };
}
/// Temporarily unlocks the mutex to execute the given function. /// /// This is functionally identical to the `unlocked_fair` method on [`MutexGuard`]. #[inline] pubfn unlocked_fair<F, U>(s: &mutSelf, f: F) -> U where
F: FnOnce() -> U,
{ // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.mutex.raw.unlock_fair();
}
defer!(s.mutex.raw.lock());
f()
}
/// Temporarily yields the mutex to a waiting thread if there is one. /// /// This is functionally identical to the `bump` method on [`MutexGuard`]. #[inline] pubfn bump(s: &mutSelf) { // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.mutex.raw.bump();
}
}
}
#[cfg(feature = "arc_lock")] impl<R: RawMutex, T: ?Sized> Drop for ArcMutexGuard<R, T> { #[inline] fn drop(&mutself) { // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe { self.mutex.raw.unlock();
}
}
}
/// An RAII mutex guard returned by `MutexGuard::map`, which can point to a /// subfield of the protected data. /// /// The main difference between `MappedMutexGuard` and `MutexGuard` is that the /// former doesn't support temporarily unlocking and re-locking, since that /// could introduce soundness issues if the locked object is modified by another /// thread. #[must_use = "if unused the Mutex will immediately unlock"] pubstruct MappedMutexGuard<'a, R: RawMutex, T: ?Sized> {
raw: &'a R,
data: *mut T,
marker: PhantomData<&'a mut T>,
}
impl<'a, R: RawMutex + 'a, T: ?Sized + 'a> MappedMutexGuard<'a, R, T> { /// Makes a new `MappedMutexGuard` for a component of the locked data. /// /// This operation cannot fail as the `MappedMutexGuard` passed /// in already locked the mutex. /// /// This is an associated function that needs to be /// used as `MappedMutexGuard::map(...)`. A method would interfere with methods of /// the same name on the contents of the locked data. #[inline] pubfn map<U: ?Sized, F>(s: Self, f: F) -> MappedMutexGuard<'a, R, U> where
F: FnOnce(&mut T) -> &mut U,
{ let raw = s.raw; let data = f(unsafe { &mut *s.data });
mem::forget(s);
MappedMutexGuard {
raw,
data,
marker: PhantomData,
}
}
/// Attempts to make a new `MappedMutexGuard` for a component of the /// locked data. The original guard is returned if the closure returns `None`. /// /// This operation cannot fail as the `MappedMutexGuard` passed /// in already locked the mutex. /// /// This is an associated function that needs to be /// used as `MappedMutexGuard::try_map(...)`. A method would interfere with methods of /// the same name on the contents of the locked data. #[inline] pubfn try_map<U: ?Sized, F>(s: Self, f: F) -> Result<MappedMutexGuard<'a, R, U>, Self> where
F: FnOnce(&mut T) -> Option<&mut U>,
{ let raw = s.raw; let data = match f(unsafe { &mut *s.data }) {
Some(data) => data,
None => return Err(s),
};
mem::forget(s);
Ok(MappedMutexGuard {
raw,
data,
marker: PhantomData,
})
}
}
impl<'a, R: RawMutexFair + 'a, T: ?Sized + 'a> MappedMutexGuard<'a, R, T> { /// Unlocks the mutex using a fair unlock protocol. /// /// By default, mutexes are unfair and allow the current thread to re-lock /// the mutex before another has the chance to acquire the lock, even if /// that thread has been blocked on the mutex for a long time. This is the /// default because it allows much higher throughput as it avoids forcing a /// context switch on every mutex unlock. This can result in one thread /// acquiring a mutex many more times than other threads. /// /// However in some cases it can be beneficial to ensure fairness by forcing /// the lock to pass on to a waiting thread if there is one. This is done by /// using this method instead of dropping the `MutexGuard` normally. #[inline] pubfn unlock_fair(s: Self) { // Safety: A MutexGuard always holds the lock. unsafe {
s.raw.unlock_fair();
}
mem::forget(s);
}
}
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